Two genetic linkage maps, constructed by DH and RILs populations derived from the same parents, were carried out for the identification and comparison of QTLs controlling yield traits across different years in rice （...Two genetic linkage maps, constructed by DH and RILs populations derived from the same parents, were carried out for the identification and comparison of QTLs controlling yield traits across different years in rice （Oryza sativa L.）. A total of 194 SSR and STS markers were used in two maps, of which 114 markers were same. The distribution of Samgang allele was higher in RILs population than it in DH population. Comparing with DH population, RILs population has more lines with higher yield and wider phenotypic transgressive segression for yield traits. Although most of QTLs for the same trait were different in two populations across different years, 8 QTLs （including gwp 11.1, spp5.1, spp 10.1, spp 11.2, ssrl. 1, ssrl 1.1, tgw9.1 and tgwl 1.1） were detected over 2 yr. It is important to note that pppl0.1, sppl0.1 and tgw9.1 were identified in two populations, while sppl 0.1 and tgw9.1 were simultaneity observed across different years. Epistatic effects were more important than additive effects for PPP, SPP, yield in DH population and TGW, yield in R/Ls population. Epistatic effects of DH and RILs populations were different on the same genetic background in the present study, which illuminated the QE interaction played an important role on epistatic effect. Identification and comparison of QTLs for yield traits in DH and RILs populations should provide various and more precise information. The QTLs identified in present study would be valuable in marker-assisted selection program for improving rice yield.展开更多
Recombinant inbred lines(RILs) serve as powerful tools for genetic mapping.RILs are obtained by crossing two inbred lines followed by repeated selfing or sib-mating to create a set of new
【目的】分析谷子(Setaria italica L.)耐低氮性状相关的QTL,为耐低氮基因的精细定位、克隆及功能研究奠定基础,同时,也为揭示谷子耐低氮遗传机理和培育耐低氮谷子品种提供技术支撑。【方法】以耐低氮品种豫谷28和低氮敏感品种七叶黄为...【目的】分析谷子(Setaria italica L.)耐低氮性状相关的QTL,为耐低氮基因的精细定位、克隆及功能研究奠定基础,同时,也为揭示谷子耐低氮遗传机理和培育耐低氮谷子品种提供技术支撑。【方法】以耐低氮品种豫谷28和低氮敏感品种七叶黄为亲本构建的包含120个家系的重组自交系(RIL)群体为试验材料,在谷子苗期进行低氮和正常氮处理,并对处理21 d的水培幼苗的苗长、主根长、根干质量、苗干质量、总干质量、叶绿素相对含量、植株含氮量7个性状进行分析。同时,采用复合区间作图法(composite interval mapping,CIM)对耐低氮相关性状进行QTL定位与分析,并对QTL置信区间内的候选基因进行预测。【结果】在低氮和正常氮水平下,RIL群体的耐低氮相关性状均表现为连续正态分布,且呈双向超亲分离现象,符合典型的数量性状遗传特点,适于QTL分析。相关分析表明,苗长与主根长、根干质量、苗干质量、总干质量、叶绿素相对含量呈极显著正相关,主根长与植株含氮量呈显著负相关。共定位到低氮和正常氮水平下与苗长、主根长、根干质量、苗干质量、总干质量、叶绿素相对含量及植株含氮量相关的34个QTL,分布于第1—9染色体,单个QTL表型贡献率为5.15%—52.42%。其中,2种氮水平下共同定位到10个QTL,低氮和正常氮单一环境下分别定位到11和13个QTL。15个为主效QTL,qRDW3、qMRL1.1、qMRL1.2、qSL5和qSPAD15个主效QTL在2种氮水平下均被定位到。共检测到5个QTL重叠区,聚集了2种氮水平下多个性状的QTL,通过基因预测与功能注释,筛选出5个QTL置信区间内6个与氮代谢相关的候选基因,表明氮同化、吸收和利用相关基因极有可能控制了这些基因的表达。【结论】34个QTL分别聚集于9条染色体上的16个QTL簇,基于基因注释,共筛选了6个与谷子氮代谢相关的候选基因,表明不同性状参与到了共同遗传机制,并可通过分子标记辅助选择进行耐低氮有利等位基因的聚合育种。展开更多
Rice is the staple food for about half of the world’s population.Preferred by consumers,aromatic rice is a special type of rice with great commercial value.Cooking and eating qualities and aroma are the major grain q...Rice is the staple food for about half of the world’s population.Preferred by consumers,aromatic rice is a special type of rice with great commercial value.Cooking and eating qualities and aroma are the major grain qualities favored by most consumers.Currently,most of the available aromatic varieties have low yields and some undesirable agronomic traits.Thus,there is an urgent need to develop better aromatic rice varieties.This work aims to identify rice germplasm lines that have good grain quality and to develop new varieties with desirable traits.Thirty-six out of 188 germplasm lines were found to have betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (badh2) controlling the aroma and were analyzed for their 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) contents.Then,17 of those lines were found to have alleles for low amylose content and low gelatinization temperature,controlled by waxy and starch synthase Ⅱa (SSⅡa),respectively,suggesting that they are aromatic rice lines with high cooking and eating qualities.A total of 158 F_(7)recombinant inbred lines (RILs) generated from five crosses of the selected germplasm lines were planted for phenotypic and yield observations,resulting in 27 F_(8)RILs selected for yield evaluation and genotyping.Finally,four out of the seven F_(9)aromatic RILs showed high yield,high 2AP production,and low amylose content,in agreement with their genotypes.The other three F9RILs were aromatic rice lines with high amylose content and high yield.Because consumer preferences for grain quality vary depending on regions and ethnic groups,the high-yielding aromatic RILs generated from this study can be used to increase the yield of Thai rice and to raise market value and farm profits.展开更多
花生是重要的油料作物之一,其籽仁品质直接影响加工特性,是花生品质评价的重要指标。建立花生籽仁品质高通量分析模型,快速高效地对花生籽仁品质进行评价,可显著提高花生育种效率。本研究选用宇花14与LOP215杂交构建的140个RIL家系和35...花生是重要的油料作物之一,其籽仁品质直接影响加工特性,是花生品质评价的重要指标。建立花生籽仁品质高通量分析模型,快速高效地对花生籽仁品质进行评价,可显著提高花生育种效率。本研究选用宇花14与LOP215杂交构建的140个RIL家系和35份其他品系为建模材料,使用Thermo公司生产的AntarisⅡ型傅立叶变换近红外光谱分析仪对175份样品籽仁进行光谱采集。采用索氏提取法测定籽仁含油量,杜马斯定氮法测定蛋白含量,蒽酮比色法测定糖含量,气相色谱法测定脂肪酸含量。利用偏最小二乘法(partial least squares,PLS)构建花生籽仁含油量、蛋白含量、糖含量以及部分脂肪酸含量的多粒近红外定标模型。选用未参与建模的30份花生样品对该模型进行验证,模型决定系数R~2值均大于0.9000,表明该模型可用于花生籽仁品质性状的分析预测。本研究为花生籽仁品质性状高通量表型分析提供了检测模型。展开更多
Landslides in the Himalayan region are primarily controlled by natural parameters,including rainfall,seismic activity,and anthropogenic parameters,such as the construction of large-scale projects like road development...Landslides in the Himalayan region are primarily controlled by natural parameters,including rainfall,seismic activity,and anthropogenic parameters,such as the construction of large-scale projects like road development,tunneling and hydroelectric power projects and climate change.The parameters which are more crucial among these are a matter of scientific study and analysis.This research,taking Solan district,Himachal Pradesh,India,as the study area,aims to assess the impact of anthropogenic activities on landslide susceptibility at a regional scale.Landslide distribution was characterized into two groups,namely Rainfall-Induced Landslide(RIL)and Human-Induced Landslide(HIL)based on triggering factors.Multiple data such as slope angle,aspect,profile curvature,distance to drainage,distance to lineament,lithology,distance to road,normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)and land use land cover(LULC)have been considered for delineating the landslide susceptibility zonation(LSZ)map.The effect of anthropogenic activities on landslide occurrences has been examined through the distribution of landslides along national highways and land use land cover changes(LULCC).Two sets of LSZ maps with a LULC of time interval covering five years(2017&2021)were prepared to compare the temporal progression of LULC and landslide susceptibility during the five years.The results indicated the significant impact of anthropogenic activities on the landslide susceptibility.LSZ map of the year 2021 shows that 23%area falls into high and very high susceptible classes and 48%area falls into very low and low susceptibility classes.Compared to LSZ map of 2017,high and very high susceptible classes have been increased by 15%,whereas very low and low susceptible classes have been reduced by 7%.The present case study will help to understand the potential driving parameters responsible for HIL and also suggest the inclusion of LULC in landslide susceptibility analysis.The study will demonstrate new opportunities for research that could help decision-makers prepare for future disasters,both in the Indian Himalayan region and other areas.展开更多
基金supported by the Biogreen 21 R&D Program,Rural Development Administration,Republic of Korea(20100301-061-239-001-09-00)the National Agriculture Science Technology Achievement Transformation Fund of China(2011GB2B000006)
文摘Two genetic linkage maps, constructed by DH and RILs populations derived from the same parents, were carried out for the identification and comparison of QTLs controlling yield traits across different years in rice （Oryza sativa L.）. A total of 194 SSR and STS markers were used in two maps, of which 114 markers were same. The distribution of Samgang allele was higher in RILs population than it in DH population. Comparing with DH population, RILs population has more lines with higher yield and wider phenotypic transgressive segression for yield traits. Although most of QTLs for the same trait were different in two populations across different years, 8 QTLs （including gwp 11.1, spp5.1, spp 10.1, spp 11.2, ssrl. 1, ssrl 1.1, tgw9.1 and tgwl 1.1） were detected over 2 yr. It is important to note that pppl0.1, sppl0.1 and tgw9.1 were identified in two populations, while sppl 0.1 and tgw9.1 were simultaneity observed across different years. Epistatic effects were more important than additive effects for PPP, SPP, yield in DH population and TGW, yield in R/Ls population. Epistatic effects of DH and RILs populations were different on the same genetic background in the present study, which illuminated the QE interaction played an important role on epistatic effect. Identification and comparison of QTLs for yield traits in DH and RILs populations should provide various and more precise information. The QTLs identified in present study would be valuable in marker-assisted selection program for improving rice yield.
文摘Recombinant inbred lines(RILs) serve as powerful tools for genetic mapping.RILs are obtained by crossing two inbred lines followed by repeated selfing or sib-mating to create a set of new
基金funded by the Project of the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province,China(LGN21C130005,2021C02063-2)the Agricultural Research Development Agency,Thailand(ARDA,PRP6205031170)。
文摘Rice is the staple food for about half of the world’s population.Preferred by consumers,aromatic rice is a special type of rice with great commercial value.Cooking and eating qualities and aroma are the major grain qualities favored by most consumers.Currently,most of the available aromatic varieties have low yields and some undesirable agronomic traits.Thus,there is an urgent need to develop better aromatic rice varieties.This work aims to identify rice germplasm lines that have good grain quality and to develop new varieties with desirable traits.Thirty-six out of 188 germplasm lines were found to have betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (badh2) controlling the aroma and were analyzed for their 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) contents.Then,17 of those lines were found to have alleles for low amylose content and low gelatinization temperature,controlled by waxy and starch synthase Ⅱa (SSⅡa),respectively,suggesting that they are aromatic rice lines with high cooking and eating qualities.A total of 158 F_(7)recombinant inbred lines (RILs) generated from five crosses of the selected germplasm lines were planted for phenotypic and yield observations,resulting in 27 F_(8)RILs selected for yield evaluation and genotyping.Finally,four out of the seven F_(9)aromatic RILs showed high yield,high 2AP production,and low amylose content,in agreement with their genotypes.The other three F9RILs were aromatic rice lines with high amylose content and high yield.Because consumer preferences for grain quality vary depending on regions and ethnic groups,the high-yielding aromatic RILs generated from this study can be used to increase the yield of Thai rice and to raise market value and farm profits.
文摘花生是重要的油料作物之一,其籽仁品质直接影响加工特性,是花生品质评价的重要指标。建立花生籽仁品质高通量分析模型,快速高效地对花生籽仁品质进行评价,可显著提高花生育种效率。本研究选用宇花14与LOP215杂交构建的140个RIL家系和35份其他品系为建模材料,使用Thermo公司生产的AntarisⅡ型傅立叶变换近红外光谱分析仪对175份样品籽仁进行光谱采集。采用索氏提取法测定籽仁含油量,杜马斯定氮法测定蛋白含量,蒽酮比色法测定糖含量,气相色谱法测定脂肪酸含量。利用偏最小二乘法(partial least squares,PLS)构建花生籽仁含油量、蛋白含量、糖含量以及部分脂肪酸含量的多粒近红外定标模型。选用未参与建模的30份花生样品对该模型进行验证,模型决定系数R~2值均大于0.9000,表明该模型可用于花生籽仁品质性状的分析预测。本研究为花生籽仁品质性状高通量表型分析提供了检测模型。
文摘Landslides in the Himalayan region are primarily controlled by natural parameters,including rainfall,seismic activity,and anthropogenic parameters,such as the construction of large-scale projects like road development,tunneling and hydroelectric power projects and climate change.The parameters which are more crucial among these are a matter of scientific study and analysis.This research,taking Solan district,Himachal Pradesh,India,as the study area,aims to assess the impact of anthropogenic activities on landslide susceptibility at a regional scale.Landslide distribution was characterized into two groups,namely Rainfall-Induced Landslide(RIL)and Human-Induced Landslide(HIL)based on triggering factors.Multiple data such as slope angle,aspect,profile curvature,distance to drainage,distance to lineament,lithology,distance to road,normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)and land use land cover(LULC)have been considered for delineating the landslide susceptibility zonation(LSZ)map.The effect of anthropogenic activities on landslide occurrences has been examined through the distribution of landslides along national highways and land use land cover changes(LULCC).Two sets of LSZ maps with a LULC of time interval covering five years(2017&2021)were prepared to compare the temporal progression of LULC and landslide susceptibility during the five years.The results indicated the significant impact of anthropogenic activities on the landslide susceptibility.LSZ map of the year 2021 shows that 23%area falls into high and very high susceptible classes and 48%area falls into very low and low susceptibility classes.Compared to LSZ map of 2017,high and very high susceptible classes have been increased by 15%,whereas very low and low susceptible classes have been reduced by 7%.The present case study will help to understand the potential driving parameters responsible for HIL and also suggest the inclusion of LULC in landslide susceptibility analysis.The study will demonstrate new opportunities for research that could help decision-makers prepare for future disasters,both in the Indian Himalayan region and other areas.
