Lipid metabolism and m^(6)A RNA methylation are altered in lambs supplemented rumen-protected methionine and lysine in a low-protein diet

Background:Methionine or lysine has been reported to influence DNA methylation and fat metabolism,but their combined effects in N6-methyl-adenosine(m^(6)A)RNA methylation remain unclarified.The combined effects of rumen-protected methionine and lysine(RML)in a low-protein(LP)diet on lipid metabolism,m^(6)A RNA methylation,and fatty acid(FA)profiles in the liver and muscle of lambs were investigated.Sixty-three male lambs were divided into three treatment groups,three pens per group and seven lambs per pen.The lambs were fed a 14.5%crude protein(CP)diet(adequate protein[NP]),12.5%CP diet(LP),and a LP diet plus RML(LP+RML)for 60 d.Results:The results showed that the addition of RML in a LP diet tended to lower the concentrations of plasma leptin(P=0.07),triglyceride(P=0.05),and non-esterified FA(P=0.08).Feeding a LP diet increased the enzyme activity or m RNA expression of lipogenic enzymes and decreased lipolytic enzymes compared with the NP diet.This effect was reversed by supplementation of RML with a LP diet.The inclusion of RML in a LP diet affected the polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFA),n-3 PUFA,and n-6 PUFA in the liver but not in the muscle,which might be linked with altered expression of FA desaturase-1(FADS1)and acetyl-Co A carboxylase(ACC).A LP diet supplemented with RML increased(P<0.05)total m^(6)A levels in the liver and muscle and were accompanied by decreased expression of fat mass and obesity-associated protein(FTO)and alk B homologue 5(ALKBH5).The m RNA expressions of methyltransferase-like 3(METTL3)and methyltransferase-like 14(METTL14)in the LP+RML diet group were lower than those in the other two groups.Supplementation of RML with a LP diet affected only liver YTH domain family(YTHDF2)proteins(P<0.05)and muscle YTHDF3(P=0.09),which can be explained by limited m^(6)Abinding proteins that were mediated in m RNA fate.Conclusions:Our findings showed that the inclusion of RML in a LP diet could alter fat deposition through modulations of lipogenesis and lipolysis in the liver and muscle.These changes in fat metabolism may be associated with the modification of m^(6)A RNA methylation.

长链非编码RNA GHRLOS2在结直肠癌中的表达及作用机制

目的探讨长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)GHRLOS2在结直肠癌组织和细胞中的表达及作用机制。方法采用实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应(qRT-PCR)检测结直肠癌组织或细胞中GHRLOS2、微小RNA-33b-5p(miR-33b-5p)表达水平。构建过表达GHRLOS2的结直肠癌细胞系HCT116、SW480,通过划痕实验、Transwell实验检测过表达GHRLOS2对HCT116、SW480细胞迁移和侵袭能力的影响;使用葡萄糖检测试剂盒检测过表达GHRLOS2细胞及对照细胞内的葡萄糖含量;采用蛋白质印迹法(Western blot)检测细胞中PCK1蛋白表达水平;基于生物信息学方法预测miR-33b-5p与PCK1的靶向结合关系。结果qRT-PCR检测结果显示,结直肠癌组织样本中的GHRLOS2表达水平低于癌旁组织,结直肠癌细胞中的GHRLOS2表达水平低于正常结肠上皮细胞,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);GHRLOS2表达与Grade分级、Stage分期、淋巴结转移均相关(P<0.05)。结直肠癌组织的miR-33b-5p表达水平高于对应癌旁组织,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。划痕实验、Transwell实验、葡萄糖含量检测结果显示,过表达GHRLOS2可显著抑制结直肠癌细胞的侵袭、迁移和葡萄糖代谢。过表达GHRLOS2可抑制miR-33b-5p表达水平;GHRLOS2是miR-33b-5p的分子海绵,PCK1是miR-33b-5p的靶标;过表达GHRLOS2可竞争性结合miR-33b-5p,促进PCK1表达增加。结论GHRLOS2在结直肠癌组织和细胞中表达下调,其可能通过miR-33b-5p/PCK1途径调节结直肠癌细胞的侵袭、迁移及葡萄糖代谢能力,GHRLOS2有望成为结直肠癌靶向治疗的潜在生物靶点。

Significance of vascular endothelial growth factor messenger RNA expression in gastric cancer

IM To study VEGF mRNA expression in gastric carcinoma and to clarify the association of its expression with the clinicopathologic features of the disease.METHODS In situ hybridization (ISH) and histochemistry were used to examine and analyze the expression of VEGF mRNA and antigen, and microvessel count (MVC) in 28 cases of gastric carcinomatous tissue in combination with clinical materials.RESULTS Ninteen of 28 gastric carcinomas were positive for VEGF mRNA. VEGF mRNA was mainly expressed in malignant cells and not in normal epithelium of gastric mucosa. Its expression was further increased in tumor cells adjacent to tumor necrosis zones, where stromal cells expressed VEGF mRNA occasionally. There was a close correlation between MVC and VEGF mRNA positivity (P<0005). High VEGF mRNA levels were significantly associated with serosal invasion, lymph node metastasis and TNM staging (P<005, respectively).CONCLUSION VEGF mRNA expression is associated with tumor invasion and metastasis by stimulating angiogenesis in gastric carcinoma.expression; endothelial growth factor.

Expression of alpha-fetoprotein messenger RNA in BEL-7404 human hepatoma cells and effect of L-4-oxalysine on the expression

AIM To investigate alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) mRNA expression in BEL-7404 human hepatoma cells and the effect of L-4-oxalysine (OXL) on the expression.METHODS BEl-7404 human hepatoma cells were maintained in RPMI 1640 media. Human AFP cDNA probe was labelled with digoxigenin-11-dUTP by the random primer labelling method. The expression of AFP mRNA in Bel-7404 cells was determined by an in situ hybridization technique with digoxigenin-labelled human AFP cDNA probe. The positive intensities of AFP mRNA in cells were analyzed by microspectrophotometer and expressed as absorbance at 470nm. For the experiment with OXL, cells were incubated with various concentrations of the agent for 72h.RESULTS Essentially all the hepatoma cells contained AFP mRNA in the cytoplasm, although in various amounts. The specificity of the hybridization reaction was confirmed by control experiments in which the use of RNase-treated BEL-7404 cells, non-AFP-producing cells (HL-60 human leukemia cells) or a nonspecific cDNA probe resulted in negative hybridization. When the cells were treated with OXL (25, 50mg/L), the content of AFP mRNA in the cytoplasm was decreased with the inhibition percentages of 34.3% and 70.1%, respectively (P＜0.05).CONCLUSION AFP mRNA was expressed in BEL-7404 human hepatoma cells and OXL suppressed AFP mRNA expression in the cells.

妊娠期高血压病患者血清DNMT1 mRNA和LncRNA UCA1水平表达与妊娠结局的关系

目的分析妊娠期高血压疾病(hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy,HDCP)患者血清DNA甲基转移酶1(DNA methyltransferase 1,DNMT1)信使RNA(messenger RNA,mRNA)、长链非编码RNA(long non-codingRNA,LncRNA)尿路上皮癌胚抗原1(urothelial carcinoembryonic antigen 1,UCA1)水平与妊娠结局的关系。方法选取2021年3月~2023年8月在邯郸市妇幼保健院诊治的HDCP患者195例为病例组、健康妊娠孕妇195例为对照组。收集所有孕妇临床资料并检测分娩前1天生化指标;荧光定量PCR法检测血清DNMT1 mRNA,LncRNA UCA1水平;根据病情将病例组分为妊娠期高血压(pregnancy induced hypertension,PIH)组、轻度子痫前期(preeclampsia,PE)组、重度PE组;根据HDCP患者分娩时不良妊娠结局情况分为妊娠结局良好组和妊娠结局不良组;比较对照组和病例组临床资料和生化指标、血清DNMT1 mRNA,LncRNA UCA1水平;比较不同严重程度HDCP患者血清DNMT1mRNA和LncRNA UCA1水平;比较不同妊娠结局HDCP患者临床资料和生化指标、血清DNMT1 mRNA和LncRNAUCA1水平;分析HDCP患者血清DNMT1 mRNA与LncRNA UCA1的相关性,影响HDCP患者妊娠结局的因素,血清DNMT1 mRNA和LncRNA UCA1对HDCP患者发生不良妊娠结局的预测价值。结果与对照组比较,病例组收缩压、舒张压、白细胞计数水平明显升高,血清DNMT1 mRNA(0.72±0.18 vs 1.00±0.04),LncRNA UCA1(0.61±0.16vs 1.00±0.02)水平明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(t=40.651,32.595,7.837,21.205,33.775,均P<0.001);PIH组、轻度PE组、重度PE组血清DNMT1 mRNA(0.85±0.20,0.74±0.18,0.50±0.15),LncRNA UCA1(0.77±0.18,0.58±0.16,0.43±0.13)水平依次降低,差异具有统计学意义(F=52.687,64.030,均P<0.001);HDCP患者血清DNMT1 mRNA与LncRNA UCA1呈正相关(r=0.582,P<0.001);与妊娠结局良好组比较,妊娠结局不良组HDCP严重程度较高,收缩压、舒张压、白细胞计数水平明显升高,血清DNMT1 mRNA(0.80±0.20 vs 0.59±0.15),LncRNA UCA1(0.72±0.17 vs 0.43±0.14)水平明显降低,差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=18.386,t=2.615~12.290,均P<0.05);重度PE[OR(95%CI)=1.708(1.193~2.445)]、收缩压[OR(95%CI)=1.495(1.090~2.049)]、舒张压[OR(95%CI)=1.621(1.076~2.442)]是影响HDCP患者发生不良妊娠结局的危险因素,DNMT1 mRNA[OR(95%CI)=0.833(0.725~0.957)],LncRNA UCA1[OR(95%CI)=0.796(0.696~0.909)]是影响HDCP患者发生不良妊娠结局的保护因素(均P<0.05);DNMT1 mRNA和LncRNA UCA1二者联合预测HDCP患者发生不良妊娠结局的曲线下面积(area under curve,AUC)大于DNMT1 mRNA及LncRNA UCA1单独预测的AUC(0.926 vs 0.832,0.844),差异具有统计学意义(Z=2.932,2.345,均P<0.05)。结论HDCP患者血清DNMT1 mRNA和LncRNA UCA1水平均较低,与病情程度、妊娠结局相关,DNMT1 mRNA联合LncRNA UCA1检测对不良妊娠结局有较佳预测效能。

a^(6)A-seq:N^(6)-allyladenosine-based cellular messenger RNA metabolic labelling and sequencing

The integration of RNA metabolic labelling by nucleoside analogues with high-throughput RNA sequencing has been harnessed to study RNA dynamics.The immunoprecipitation purification or chemical pulldown technique is generally required to enrich the analogue-labelled RNAs.Here we developed an a^(6)A-seq method,which takes advantage of N^(6)-allyladenosine(a^(6)A)metabolic labelling on cellular mRNAs and profiles them in an immunoprecipitation-free and mutation-based manner.a^(6)A plays a role as a chemical sequencing tag in that the iodination of a^(6)A in mRNAs results in 1,N^(6)-cyclized adenosine(cyc-A),which induces base misincorporation during RNA reverse transcription,thus making a^(6)A-labelled mRNAs detectable by sequencing.A nucleic acid melting assay was utilized to investigate why cyc-A prefers to be paired with guanine.a^(6)A-seq was utilized to study cellular gene expression changes under a methionine-free stress condition.Compared with regular RNA-seq,a^(6)A-seq could more sensitively detect the change of mRNA production over a time scale.The experiment of a^(6)Acontaining mRNA immunoprecipitation followed by qPCR successfully validated the high-throughput a^(6)A-seq data.Together,our results show a^(6)A-seq is an effective tool to study RNA dynamics.

Heme status affects human hepatic messenger RNA and microRNA expression

AIM:To assess effects of heme on messenger RNA(mRNA) and microRNA(miRNA) profiles of liver cells derived from humans.METHODS:We exposed human hepatoma cell line Huh-7 cells to excess iron protoporphyrin(heme)(10 μmol/L) or induced heme deficiency by addition of 4,6-dioxoheptanoic acid(500 μmol/L),a potent inhibitor of aminolevulinic acid dehydratase,for 6 h or 24 h.We harvested total RNA from the cells and performed both mRNA and miRNA array analyses,with use of Affymetrix chips,reagents,and instruments(human genome U133 plus 2.0 and miRNA 2.0 arrays).We assessed changes and their significance and interrelationships with Target Scan,Pathway Studios,and Ingenuity software.RESULTS:Changes in mRNA levels were most numerous and striking at 6 h after heme treatment but were similar and still numerous at 24 h.After 6 h of heme exposure,the increase in heme oxygenase 1 gene expression was 60-fold by mRNA and 88-fold by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.We found striking changes,especially up-regulation by heme of nuclear erythroid-2 related factor-mediated oxidative stress responses,protein ubiquitination,glucocorticoid signaling,P53 signaling,and changes in RNAs that regulate intermediary metabolism.Fewer mRNAs were down-regulated by heme,and the fold decreases were less exuberant than were the increases.Notable decreases after 24 h of heme exposure were patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 3(-6.5-fold),neuronal PAS domain protein 2(-1.93-fold),and protoporphyrinogen oxidase(-1.7-fold).CONCLUSION:Heme excess exhibits several toxic effects on liver and kidney,which deserve study in humans and in animal models of the human porphyrias or other disorders.

信使RNA N6-甲基腺嘌呤甲基化修饰在血管性痴呆中的作用机制研究进展

信使RNA(mRNA)中的腺苷酸可发生甲基化转化为N6-甲基腺嘌呤(N6-methyladenosine,m^(6)A)进而调节mRNA的功能和代谢,这是一种高度动态可逆的表观转录组修饰方式。血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,VD)是由多种脑血管原因(如动脉粥样硬化、淀粉样改变等)引起的一种神经退行性疾病,近年来,有研究发现m^(6)A与VD的发病和进展密切相关,m^(6)A甲基化在调节神经元氧化应激、炎症反应、脑血管内皮损伤、线粒体功能障碍和突触可塑性等方面具有较大影响。文章对近几年关于m^(6)A甲基化修饰在VD中的潜在作用机制进行综述,以期为后续研究和靶向治疗VD提供新的科学思路。

Lipid metabolism-related long noncoding RNAs:A potential prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma

The incidence rates of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)have increased in recent decades.Despite advancements in therapy and early diagnosis improving shortterm prognosis,long-term outcomes remain poor.Long noncoding RNAs(lncRNAs)and lipid metabolism play crucial roles in the development and progression of HCC.Enhanced lipid synthesis promotes HCC progression,and lncRNAs can reprogram the expression of lipogenic enzymes.Consequently,lipid metabolism-related(LMR)-lncRNAs regulate lipid anabolism,accelerating the onset and progression of HCC.This suggests that LMR-lncRNAs could serve as novel prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Mechanism of Herbal Medicine and Food Dandelion Effects May be Related to RNA or DNA Regulation: A Review

Background: A dandelion is a common plant with a global growth distribution that has been used as a medicinal and food with no adverse effects. Purpose: In this article, the products and effects of dandelions are reviewed to help further in-depth studies and develop more products derived from dandelions in the future. Method: The literature about dandelion in various databases such as Pubmed is searched. Results: Dandelions have many effects, such as virus inhibition, anti-tumor activity, nutritional value, anti-aging, potential as a vaccine and alleviation of heat stress. The mechanism underlying these effects is analyzed and it was found that dandelions were regulated by RNA or DNA. Conclusion: As a medicinal and food, dandelions are safe and have many effects. Many products derived from dandelions have been developed. The metabolic regulation is related with ribonucleic acid or possibly deoxynucleic acid. Further in-depth studies should be conducted on the regulation of dandelions through RNA or DNA. There will likely be more products derived from dandelions in the future.

妊娠高血压疾病患者血清miR-155-5p、LncRNA MALAT1表达及与糖脂代谢关系

目的:探讨微小RNA-155-5p(miR-155-5p)、长链非编码RNA肺癌转移相关转录本1(LncRNA MALAT1)在妊娠期高血压疾病患者血清中的表达及与糖脂代谢关系。方法:选择2019年8月-2021年12月本院收治的103例妊娠期高血压疾病患者为病例组,其中妊娠期高血压患者41例、轻度子痫前期患者35例、重度子痫前期患者27例,选择同期产前检查正常孕妇40例为对照组,qRT-PCR检测血清miR-155-5p、LncRNA MALAT1表达,检测血清糖脂代谢指标水平,Pearson法分析血清miR-155-5p与LncRNA MALAT1表达相关性,及与血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)水平的相关性。结果:与对照组比较,妊娠期高血压组、轻度子痫前期组、重度子痫前期组患者血清miR-155-5p、FBG、HbA1c、TG、TC、LDL-C水平升高,且随疾病程度增加而升高,LncRNA MALAT1、HDL-C水平降低,且随疾病程度增加而降低(均P<0.05);相关性分析显示,血清miR-155-5p与LncRNA MALAT1表达呈负相关性,miR-155-5p与FBG、HbA1c、TG、TC、LDL-C呈正相关,与HDL-C呈负相关;LncRNA MALAT1与FBG、HbA1c、TG、TC、LDL-C呈负相关,与HDL-C呈正相关(均P<0.01)。结论:妊娠期高血压疾病患者血清miR-155-5p高表达、LncRNA MALAT1低表达,二者具有相关性且与糖脂代谢水平和病情严重程度相关,可能作为评估患者糖脂代谢及病情变化的标志物。

长非编码RNA CASC15影响肝细胞SREBP1a表达及定位

长非编码RNA CASC15(long non-coding RNA CASC15,CASC15)被认为是一种与肿瘤相关的lncRNA,参与调控多种肿瘤的侵袭、增殖和迁移等生物学过程。然而CASC15在细胞内脂质代谢中的作用仍不明确。胆固醇调节元件结合蛋白1(SREBP1)是细胞内调控脂质代谢的关键转录因子,其成员SREBP1a主要调控脂肪合成中关键酶基因的表达。本文通过分子生物学实验及细胞功能学实验,研究CASC15对人肝细胞中脂质调控因子SREBP1a表达及定位的影响。研究结果显示,在肝细胞中,过表达CASC15(P<0.001)后细胞内的SREBP1a的mRNA和总蛋白质水平不变,前体蛋白质水平增加(P<0.05)且定位发生改变,即入核增加;SREBP1a调控脂肪酸合成相关产物游离脂肪酸(P<0.001)和甘油三酯(P<0.001)呈下调趋势。本文揭示了CASC15调控肝细胞脂代谢的一种可能机制,希望为脂代谢紊乱相关疾病的治疗和研究提供新思路。

血浆lncRNA MALAT1与高血糖代谢记忆中血管损伤的相关性研究

目的探讨血浆lncRNA MALAT1表达水平与高血糖代谢记忆中血管内皮细胞功能损伤的关系。方法选择2018年5月—2019年7月在本院内分泌科住院的初发糖尿病患者(DM组,56例)、DM组经降糖治疗后血糖达标3个月以上为代谢记忆组(MM组,56例)及同期于本院体检中心体检的健康人群(NC组,20名)为研究对象。采用ELISA测定血清eNOS、ET-1水平,qRT-PCR检测外周血浆中lncRNA MALAT1的相对表达量。结果与NC组比较,DM、MM组HbA1c、FPG、2 h PG、ET-1水平升高及FC-P、2 h C-P、eNOS水平降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01);与DM组比较,MM组HbA1c、FPG、2 h PG水平降低及FC-P、2 h C-P升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与NC组比较,DM、MM组lncRNA MALAT1的表达水平升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);与DM组比较,MM组lncRNA MALAT1的表达水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。血浆lncRNA MALATl表达水平与血清eNOS水平呈负相关(r=-0.745,P<0.01),与血清ET-1表达水平呈正相关(r=0.537,P<0.01)。结论血清eNOS、ET-1水平与高血糖代谢记忆介导的血管内皮细胞功能损伤相关;血浆lncRNA MALAT1表达水平升高与高血糖代谢记忆有关,且可能与高血糖代谢记忆中血管内皮细胞功能损伤有关。

Characteristics of mRNA dynamic expression related to spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury:a transcriptomics study

Following spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury,an endogenous damage system is immediately activated and participates in a cascade reaction.It is difficult to interpret dynamic changes in these pathways,but the examination of the transcriptome may provide some information.The transcriptome reflects highly dynamic genomic and genetic information and can be seen as a precursor for the proteome.We used DNA microarrays to measure the expression levels of dynamic evolution-related m RNA after spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats.The abdominal aorta was blocked with a vascular clamp for 90 minutes and underwent reperfusion for 24 and 48 hours.The simple ischemia group and sham group served as controls.After rats had regained consciousness,hindlimbs showed varying degrees of functional impairment,and gradually improved with prolonged reperfusion in spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury groups.Hematoxylin-eosin staining demonstrated that neuronal injury and tissue edema were most severe in the 24-hour reperfusion group,and mitigated in the 48-hour reperfusion group.There were 8,242 differentially expressed m RNAs obtained by Multi-Class Dif in the simple ischemia group,24-hour and 48-hour reperfusion groups.Sixteen m RNA dynamic expression patterns were obtained by Serial Test Cluster.Of them,five patterns were significant.In the No.28 pattern,all differential genes were detected in the 24-hour reperfusion group,and their expressions showed a trend in up-regulation.No.11 pattern showed a decreasing trend in m RNA whereas No.40 pattern showed an increasing trend in m RNA from ischemia to 48 hours of reperfusion,and peaked at 48 hours.In the No.25 and No.27 patterns,differential expression appeared only in the 24-hour and 48-hour reperfusion groups.Among the five m RNA dynamic expression patterns,No.11 and No.40 patterns could distinguish normal spinal cord from pathological tissue.No.25 and No.27 patterns could distinguish simple ischemia from ischemia/reperfusion.No.28 pattern could analyze the need for inducing reperfusion injury.The study of specific pathways and functions for different dynamic patterns can provide a theoretical basis for clinical differential diagnosis and treatment of spinal cord ischemia/reperfusion injury.

长链非编码RNA RP11-770J1.3和跨膜蛋白25对紫杉醇耐药人乳腺癌细胞株耐药性的影响

目的:探讨长链非编码RNA(lncRNA)RP11-770J1.3和跨膜蛋白25(TMEM25)对紫杉醇耐药人乳腺癌细胞株耐药性的影响。方法:利用实时定量PCR检测lncRNA RP11-770J1.3和TMEM25在人乳腺癌细胞MCF-7和紫杉醇耐药细胞株(MCF-7/PR)中的表达。在MCF-7/PR中转染lncRNA RP11-770J1.3和TMEM25的干扰片段,磺酰罗丹明B法检测MCF-7/PR对紫杉醇药物敏感性的变化,并运用实时定量PCR和蛋白质印迹法检测多药耐药相关蛋白(MRP)、乳腺癌耐药蛋白(BCRP)、多药耐药基因1(MDR1)及其编码产物P-gp mRNA和蛋白水平的改变。结果:lncRNA RP11-770J1.3和TMEM25在MCF-7/PR中表达上调(P<0.05或P<0.01)。与空白对照组和紫杉醇阴性对照组比较,干扰lncRNA RP11-770J1.3和TMEM25的表达可以提高MCF-7/PR对紫杉醇的药物敏感性,并下调耐药相关基因MRP、BCRP、MDR1及其编码产物P-gp的表达(均P<0.05);与单独干扰lncRNA RP11-770J1.3或TMEM25比较,同时干扰lncRNA RP11-770J1.3和TMEM25的作用更加明显(P<0.05)。结论:MCF-7/PR中lncRNA RP11-770J1.3和TMEM25的表达上调,联合干扰lncRNA RP11-770J1.3和TMEM25的表达可以提高MCF-7/PR对紫杉醇的敏感性。

Expression signatures of long non-coding RNA and mRNA in human traumatic brain injury

Long non-coding RNAs(lncRNAs) play a key role in craniocerebral disease, although their expression profiles in human traumatic brain injury are still unclear. In this regard, in this study, we examined brain injury tissue from three patients of the 101 st Hospital of the People's Liberation Army, China(specifically, a 36-year-old male, a 52-year-old female, and a 49-year-old female), who were diagnosed with traumatic brain injury and underwent brain contusion removal surgery. Tissue surrounding the brain contusion in the three patients was used as control tissue to observe expression characteristics of lncRNAs and mRNAs in human traumatic brain injury tissue. Volcano plot filtering identified 99 lncRNAs and 63 mRNAs differentially expressed in frontotemporal tissue of the two groups(P < 0.05, fold change > 1.2). Microarray analysis showed that 43 lncRNAs were up-regulated and 56 lncRNAs were down-regulated. Meanwhile, 59 mRNAs were up-regulated and 4 mRNAs were down-regulated. Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) analyses revealed 27 signaling pathways associated with target genes and, in particular, legionellosis and influenza A signaling pathways. Subsequently, a lncRNA-gene network was generated, which showed an absolute correlation coefficient value > 0.99 for 12 lncRNA-mRNA pairs. Finally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction confirmed different expression of the five most up-regulated mRNAs within the two groups, which was consistent with the microarray results. In summary, our results show that expression profiles of mRNAs and lncRNAs are significantly different between human traumatic brain injury tissue and surrounding tissue, providing novel insight regarding lncRNAs' involvement in human traumatic brain injury. All participants provided informed consent. This research was registered in the Chinese Clinical Trial Registry(registration number: ChiCTR-TCC-13004002) and the protocol version number is 1.0.

Clinical significance of the expression of isoform 165 vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA in noncancerous liver remnants of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

AIM: To investigate the prognostic role of isoform 165 vascular endothelial growth factor messenger RNA (VEGF165 mRNA)in noncancerous liver tissues from patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).METHODS: Using a reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-based assay, VEGF mRNA was determined prospectively in noncancerous liver tissues from 60 consecutive patients with HCC undergoing curative resection. We categorized the patients with VEGF165 mRNA over 0.500 in noncancerous liver tissues as group A, and those below 0.500 as group B.RESULTS: Among the isoforms of VEGF mRNA by multivariate analysis, a higher level of VEGF165 mRNA in noncancerous liver tissue correlated significantly with a higher risk of HCC recurrence (P = 0.039) and recurrence-related mortality (P= 0.048), but VEGF121 did not. The other significant predictors of recurrence consisted of vascular permeation (P = 0.022),daughter nodules (P = 0.033), cellular dedifferentiation (P = 0.033), an absent or incomplete capsule (P = 0.037).A significant variable of recurrence-related mortality was Vascular permeation (P= 0.012). As to the clinical manifestations of 16 patients who developed recurrence,the recurrent tumor number over 2, recurrent extent over two-liver segments, and the median survival after recurrence,all significantly correlated with group A patients (P = 0.043,0.043, and 0.048, respectively). However, the presence of extrahepatic metastasis was not (P＞0.05). The difference in recurrence after treatment between the two groups had no statistical significance (P＞0.05).CONCLUSION: The higher expression of isoform VEGF165mRNA in noncancerous liver remnant of patients with HCC may be a significant biological indicator of the invasiveness of postoperative recurrence.

健脾祛湿方调控LncRNA H19/miR-130a-3p对高脂血症大鼠血脂代谢及胆固醇逆转运的研究

目的观察健脾祛湿方对高脂血症大鼠的降血脂作用,探究其作用机制。方法将SD大鼠随机分为空白组和模型组,采用高脂饲料喂养建立高脂血症大鼠模型。造模2周后,根据总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)水平将模型组随机分成5组:功能模型组、血脂康组、健脾祛湿方低、中、高剂量组。正式分组后给药,灌胃剂量为1 mL/100 g,除空白组、功能模型组给予生理盐水外,其余各组给予相应的药物,连续给药6周。测定血脂四项:TC、甘油三酯(triglycerides,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)、动脉粥样硬化指数(atherosclerotic index,AI)、冠心指数(coronary heart index,R-CHR);肝肾功能:谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、血尿素(blood urea,BUN)、血肌酐(serum creatinine,Scr)、卵磷脂胆固醇酰基转移酶(lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase,LCAT)、胆固醇酯转运蛋白(cholesteryl ester transporter,CETP);采用油红O染色法观察主动脉、肝脏脂质沉积情况;采用蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测肝脏过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ,PPARγ)、肝X受体α(liver X receptorα,LXRα)、三磷酸腺苷结合盒转运体A1(adenosine triphosphate binding cassette transporter A1,ABCA1)蛋白表达量;实时荧光定量聚合酶链式反应(Real-time PCR)检测肝脏长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNAs,LncRNAs)H19、miR-130a-3p、PPARγ、LXRα、ABCA1 mRNA表达。结果与正常组比较,功能模型组大鼠体质量显著升高(P<0.01),血清TC、TG、LDL-C水平明显升高,HDL-C水平明显降低,AI、R-CHR水平显著升高(P<0.01),主动脉、肝脏可见脂质沉积;血清AST、ALT、Scr活性升高,BUN水平降低;CETP含量显著升高,LCAT含量显著降低(P<0.01);肝脏PPARγ、LXRɑ、ABCA1蛋白及mRNA表达显著降低(P<0.05),LncRNA H19、miR-130a-3p mRNA水平显著升高(P<0.01,P<0.05);与功能模型组比较,各给药组大鼠体质量呈下降趋势,血清TC、TG、LDL-C水平下降,HDL-C水平明显升高,AI、R-CHR水平显著降低,主动脉、肝脏脂滴含量明显减少,血清AST、ALT、Scr降低;CETP酶活性显著降低,LCAT酶活性显著升高;肝脏LncRNA H19、miR-130a-3p mRNA水平显著降低,PPARγ、LXRα、ABCA1蛋白及mRNA表达增强。结论健脾祛湿方可改善高脂血症大鼠脂代谢紊乱情况,调节血脂水平,其作用机制可能通过调控LncRNA H19正向靶向miR-130a-3p表达调节PPARγ介导的胆固醇逆转运过程实现的。

Quantitative analysis of transforming growth factor beta 1 mRNA in patients with alcoholic liver disease

AIM: To investigate the expression of the transforming growth factor beta 1(TGF-beta 1) mRNA in different stages of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) and its clinical value. METHODS: One hundred and seven male alcoholics were grouped by clinical findings into four groups: alcohol abusers without liver impairment (n =22), alcoholic steatosis (n =30); alcoholic hepatitis (n=31); and alcoholic cirrhosis(n=24). Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) as samples the gene expression of TGF-beta 1 was examined quantitatively by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and dot blot. There are 34 healthy subjects served as control. RESULTS: The expression of TGF-beta 1 from all ALD patients was significantly greater than that in controls (1.320 +/- 1.162 vs 0.808 +/- 0.276, P【0.001). The differences of the expressions were significant between the patients from each groups (alcoholic steatosis, alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis) and the controls (1.168 +/- 0.852, 1.462 +/- 1.657, 1.329 +/- 0.610 vs 0.808 +/- 0.276, P【0.050). No significant differences of TGF -beta 1 mRNA expression were observed between alcohol abusers without liver impairment and controls. The expressions in patients with alcoholic hepatitis and alcoholic cirrhosis were significantly greater than that in alcohol abusers respectively (1.462 +/- 1.657, 1.329 +/- 0.610 vs 0.841 +/- 0.706, P【0.050). No significant differences of TGF-beta 1 mRNA expression were observed between alcoholic fatty liver men and alcohol abusers. CONCLUSION: TGF-beta 1 expression level can be a risk factor for alcoholic liver disease and might be related to the inflammatory activity and fibrosis of the liver in patients.