肺癌是全球癌症死亡的主要原因之一,具有极高的发病率及死亡率,严重威胁了人类的生命健康安全[1]。目前肺癌的治疗方法主要有手术、放化疗、靶向及免疫治疗,随着精准医疗的兴盛,一定程度改善了肺癌患者的生活质量,但癌症复发和药物耐药...肺癌是全球癌症死亡的主要原因之一,具有极高的发病率及死亡率,严重威胁了人类的生命健康安全[1]。目前肺癌的治疗方法主要有手术、放化疗、靶向及免疫治疗,随着精准医疗的兴盛,一定程度改善了肺癌患者的生活质量,但癌症复发和药物耐药性仍是肺癌死亡率高的原因,其预后不尽如意[2]。环状RNA(CircRNAs)是具有保守、稳定性的一类非编码单链RNA分子[3]。大量的研究表明,CircRNAs在高迁移率族蛋白(high mobility group protein,HMG)家族成员中调节不同的信号通路,在肺癌等多种疾病中发挥关键作用。CircRNAs异常高或低表达可激活或抑制HMG蛋白分子,调节不同生物学过程[4]。随着下一代基因测序技术(next-generation sequencing,NGS)的探索,CircRNAs成为RNA领域肿瘤抑制靶点的研究新热点,为生物医药领域开拓了全新思路,然而其在肺癌中的病理生理机制尚未系统阐明。本文通过总结HMG蛋白家族成员相关CircRNAs在肺癌中的分子作用机制的研究进展,有助于为以CircRNAs为基础的作用靶点及新型抗癌药物的研发提供指导思路,提出潜在有效的治疗策略。展开更多
Hepatocellular carcinoma is prone to invasion and metastasis.It often receives a low diagnosis rate in the early stage but has an extremely high mortality rate.Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation(EMT)is a key factor...Hepatocellular carcinoma is prone to invasion and metastasis.It often receives a low diagnosis rate in the early stage but has an extremely high mortality rate.Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation(EMT)is a key factor in promoting tumor cell invasion and metastasis.Circular RNA(circRNA)is involved in regulating EMT in hepatocarcinoma cells through multiple pathways,thereby affecting the occurrence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.This article mainly reviews the research progress of circRNA related to EMT core transcription factors,circRNA that promotes EMT in liver cancer,and circRNA that inhibits EMT in liver cancer.展开更多
Acute ischemic stroke is a clinical emergency and a condition with high morbidity,mortality,and disability.Accurate predictive,diagnostic,and prognostic biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets for acute ischemic ...Acute ischemic stroke is a clinical emergency and a condition with high morbidity,mortality,and disability.Accurate predictive,diagnostic,and prognostic biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets for acute ischemic stroke remain undetermined.With innovations in high-throughput gene sequencing analysis,many aberrantly expressed non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)in the brain and peripheral blood after acute ischemic stroke have been found in clinical samples and experimental models.Differentially expressed ncRNAs in the post-stroke brain were demonstrated to play vital roles in pathological processes,leading to neuroprotection or deterioration,thus ncRNAs can serve as therapeutic targets in acute ischemic stroke.Moreover,distinctly expressed ncRNAs in the peripheral blood can be used as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke prediction,diagnosis,and prognosis.In particular,ncRNAs in peripheral immune cells were recently shown to be involved in the peripheral and brain immune response after acute ischemic stroke.In this review,we consolidate the latest progress of research into the roles of ncRNAs(microRNAs,long ncRNAs,and circular RNAs)in the pathological processes of acute ischemic stroke–induced brain damage,as well as the potential of these ncRNAs to act as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke prediction,diagnosis,and prognosis.Findings from this review will provide novel ideas for the clinical application of ncRNAs in acute ischemic stroke.展开更多
阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer s disease,AD)是一种进行性神经退行性疾病,以认知障碍、记忆丧失和功能下降为特征。阿尔茨海默病的病理特征包括β-淀粉样斑块和tau蛋白缠结,这些病理改变最终引起大脑特定区域的退化,包括海马体、内嗅皮层和...阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer s disease,AD)是一种进行性神经退行性疾病,以认知障碍、记忆丧失和功能下降为特征。阿尔茨海默病的病理特征包括β-淀粉样斑块和tau蛋白缠结,这些病理改变最终引起大脑特定区域的退化,包括海马体、内嗅皮层和新皮层,从而导致阿尔茨海默病的特征性临床症状。阿尔茨海默病病理的确切机制仍不完全清楚,尽管学者们对阿尔茨海默病进行了广泛的研究,但仍然没有有效的治疗方法可以减缓或阻止疾病的进展。因此,迫切需要开发新的针对阿尔茨海默病潜在病理生理学治疗策略。环状RNA(Circular RNAs,circRNAs)是一类非编码RNA,在各种生物过程中发挥着重要作用,它们的调节异常与包括阿尔茨海默病在内的多种疾病的发病机制有关。本综述将阐述阿尔茨海默病患者中环状RNA的失调、失调的机制、环状RNA在阿尔茨海默病疾病进展中的潜在作用和诊断、治疗的意义以及未来的研究方向。展开更多
文摘肺癌是全球癌症死亡的主要原因之一,具有极高的发病率及死亡率,严重威胁了人类的生命健康安全[1]。目前肺癌的治疗方法主要有手术、放化疗、靶向及免疫治疗,随着精准医疗的兴盛,一定程度改善了肺癌患者的生活质量,但癌症复发和药物耐药性仍是肺癌死亡率高的原因,其预后不尽如意[2]。环状RNA(CircRNAs)是具有保守、稳定性的一类非编码单链RNA分子[3]。大量的研究表明,CircRNAs在高迁移率族蛋白(high mobility group protein,HMG)家族成员中调节不同的信号通路,在肺癌等多种疾病中发挥关键作用。CircRNAs异常高或低表达可激活或抑制HMG蛋白分子,调节不同生物学过程[4]。随着下一代基因测序技术(next-generation sequencing,NGS)的探索,CircRNAs成为RNA领域肿瘤抑制靶点的研究新热点,为生物医药领域开拓了全新思路,然而其在肺癌中的病理生理机制尚未系统阐明。本文通过总结HMG蛋白家族成员相关CircRNAs在肺癌中的分子作用机制的研究进展,有助于为以CircRNAs为基础的作用靶点及新型抗癌药物的研发提供指导思路,提出潜在有效的治疗策略。
基金Medical Research Project of Xi’an Science and Technology Bureau(Project No.22YXYJ0134)。
文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma is prone to invasion and metastasis.It often receives a low diagnosis rate in the early stage but has an extremely high mortality rate.Epithelial-mesenchymal transformation(EMT)is a key factor in promoting tumor cell invasion and metastasis.Circular RNA(circRNA)is involved in regulating EMT in hepatocarcinoma cells through multiple pathways,thereby affecting the occurrence and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma.This article mainly reviews the research progress of circRNA related to EMT core transcription factors,circRNA that promotes EMT in liver cancer,and circRNA that inhibits EMT in liver cancer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82301486(to SL)and 82071325(to FY)Medjaden Academy&Research Foundation for Young Scientists,No.MJR202310040(to SL)+2 种基金Nanjing Medical University Science and Technique Development,No.NMUB20220060(to SL)Medical Scientific Research Project of Jiangsu Commission of Health,No.ZDA2020019(to JZ)Health China Buchang Zhiyuan Public Welfare Project for Heart and Brain Health,No.HIGHER202102(to QD).
文摘Acute ischemic stroke is a clinical emergency and a condition with high morbidity,mortality,and disability.Accurate predictive,diagnostic,and prognostic biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets for acute ischemic stroke remain undetermined.With innovations in high-throughput gene sequencing analysis,many aberrantly expressed non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs)in the brain and peripheral blood after acute ischemic stroke have been found in clinical samples and experimental models.Differentially expressed ncRNAs in the post-stroke brain were demonstrated to play vital roles in pathological processes,leading to neuroprotection or deterioration,thus ncRNAs can serve as therapeutic targets in acute ischemic stroke.Moreover,distinctly expressed ncRNAs in the peripheral blood can be used as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke prediction,diagnosis,and prognosis.In particular,ncRNAs in peripheral immune cells were recently shown to be involved in the peripheral and brain immune response after acute ischemic stroke.In this review,we consolidate the latest progress of research into the roles of ncRNAs(microRNAs,long ncRNAs,and circular RNAs)in the pathological processes of acute ischemic stroke–induced brain damage,as well as the potential of these ncRNAs to act as biomarkers for acute ischemic stroke prediction,diagnosis,and prognosis.Findings from this review will provide novel ideas for the clinical application of ncRNAs in acute ischemic stroke.
文摘阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer s disease,AD)是一种进行性神经退行性疾病,以认知障碍、记忆丧失和功能下降为特征。阿尔茨海默病的病理特征包括β-淀粉样斑块和tau蛋白缠结,这些病理改变最终引起大脑特定区域的退化,包括海马体、内嗅皮层和新皮层,从而导致阿尔茨海默病的特征性临床症状。阿尔茨海默病病理的确切机制仍不完全清楚,尽管学者们对阿尔茨海默病进行了广泛的研究,但仍然没有有效的治疗方法可以减缓或阻止疾病的进展。因此,迫切需要开发新的针对阿尔茨海默病潜在病理生理学治疗策略。环状RNA(Circular RNAs,circRNAs)是一类非编码RNA,在各种生物过程中发挥着重要作用,它们的调节异常与包括阿尔茨海默病在内的多种疾病的发病机制有关。本综述将阐述阿尔茨海默病患者中环状RNA的失调、失调的机制、环状RNA在阿尔茨海默病疾病进展中的潜在作用和诊断、治疗的意义以及未来的研究方向。
