Assistive Robotics for Upper Limb Physical Rehabilitation:A Systematic Review and Future Prospects

Physical assistive robotics are oriented to support and improve functional capacities of people.In physical rehabilitation,robots are indeed useful for functional recovery of affected limb.However,there are still open questions related to technological aspects.This work presents a systematic review of upper limb rehabilitation robotics in order to analyze and establish technological challenges and future directions in this area.A bibliometric analysis was performed for the systematic literature review.Literature from the last six years,conducted between August 2020 and May 2021,was reviewed.The methodology for the literature search and a bibliometric analysis of the metadata are presented.After a preliminary search resulted in 820 articles,a total of 66 articles were included.A concurrency network and bibliographic analysis were provided.And an analysis of occurrences,taxonomy,and rehabilitation robotics reported in the literature is presented.This review aims to provide to the scientific community an overview of the state of the art in assistive robotics for upper limb physical rehabilitation.The literature analysis allows access to a gap of unexplored options to define the technological prospects applied to upper limb physical rehabilitation robotics.

Artificial intelligence and robotics in regional anesthesia

Artificial intelligence(AI)technology is vital for practitioners to incorporate AI and robotics in day-to-day regional anesthesia practice.Recent literature is encouraging on its applications in regional anesthesia,but the data are limited.AI can help us identify and guide the needle tip precisely to the location.This may help us reduce the time,improve precision,and reduce the associated side effects of improper distribution of drugs.In this article,we discuss the potential roles of AI and robotics in regional anesthesia.

Modeling and control design of a bronchoscope robotics system

For the pulmonary nodule biopsy problem,this paper investigates an intervention robotics system based on the bronchoscope.To achieve precise control of the system,the mathematical model is established at first.The system mainly consists of an inserting tube and a tube tip,which are modeled based on a moving flexible beam and a soft robot,respectively.In order to reduce the harm to the patient during the operation,the robot system should suppress the vibration of the inserting tube during the process of tracking the desired trajectory in the bronchus.Therefore,we use the boundary control algorithm to design a controller capable of suppressing vibration for the inserting tube.Meanwhile,in order for the robot system to accurately select the bronchus corresponding to the branch,we designed a soft robot controller that can bend or deflect the soft robot to a specified posture.Finally,we used theoretical proof and numerical simulation to verify the conclusion.

The evolution of robotics:research and application progress of dental implant robotic systems

The use of robots to augment human capabilities and assist in work has long been an aspiration.Robotics has been developing since the 1960s when the first industrial robot was introduced.As technology has advanced,robotic-assisted surgery has shown numerous advantages,including more precision,efficiency,minimal invasiveness,and safety than is possible with conventional techniques,which are research hotspots and cutting-edge trends.This article reviewed the history of medical robot development and seminal research papers about current research progress.Taking the autonomous dental implant robotic system as an example,the advantages and prospects of medical robotic systems would be discussed which would provide a reference for future research.

Spatial Patterns and Drivers of Intelligent Manufacturing from a‘Glob-allocal'Perspective:A Study of China's Industrial Robotics

The advancement of the intelligent manufacturing industry(IMI)represents the future direction for the world's manufactur-ing sector,offering a promising avenue to bolster national competitiveness and enhance industrial manufacturing efficiency.In this study,we took the industrial robot industry(IRI)as a case study to elucidate the spatial distribution and interconnections of IMI from a geographical perspective,and the modified diamond model(DM)was used to analyze the influencing factors.Results show that:1)the spatial pattern of IRI with various investment attributes in different industrial chain links is generally similar,centered in the southeast.Key investment areas are in the east and south.The spatial distribution of China's IRI covers a multitude of provinces and obtains differ-ent scales of investment in different countries(regions).2)The spatial correlation between foreign investors and China's provincial-level administrative regions(PARs)forms a network,and the network of foreign-invested enterprises is more stable.Different countries(regions)have distinct location preferences in China,with significant spatial differences in correlation degrees.3)Overall,the interac-tion of these factors shapes the location decisions and correlation patterns of industrial robot enterprises.This study not only contributes to our theoretical knowledge of the industrial spatial structure and industrial economy but also offers valuable references and sugges-tions for national IMI planning and relevant industry investors.

Robotics in total knee replacement:Current use and future implications

Robotic total knee replacement(TKR)surgery has evolved over the years with the aim of improving the overall 80% satisfaction rate associated with TKR surgery.Proponents claim higher precision in executing the pre-operative plan which results in improved alignment and possibly better clinical outcomes.Opponents suggest longer operative times with potentially higher complications and no superiority in clinical outcomes alongside increased costs.This editorial will summarize where we currently stand and the future implications of using robotics in knee replacement surgery.

基于MATLAB Robotics Toolbox的机器人学仿真实验教学

简要介绍MATLAB Robotics Toolbox在机器人学仿真实验教学中的基本应用,具体内容包括齐次坐标变换、机器人对象构建、机器人运动学求解以及轨迹规划等。该工具箱可以对机器人进行图形仿真,并能分析真实机器人控制时的实验数据结果,因此非常适宜于机器人学的教学和研究。

基于MATLAB Robotics Toolbox的ABB IRB1660机器人运动仿真研究

为验证ABB IRB1660机器人改装为空间点焊机器人后的运动性能,根据ABB IRB1660机器人空间结构图,使用D-H参数法对其进行参数设计,在MATLAB中建立仿真模型,调用Robotics Toolbox中的功能函数对该机器人的正、逆运动学进行仿真计算,验证了仿真模型的正确性。最后调用jtraj函数对该机器人进行PTP轨迹规划仿真分析,仿真结果表明:改装后机器人各关节运动性能良好,运动曲线平稳无振动。该研究为ABB IRB1660工业机器人改装试验提供了可靠的理论指导。

Robots into Reality--The booming of China’s robotics industry points to intelligent future

“Galbot,please help fetch a plush toy!”After receiving the order,Galbot,a humanoid robot,was able to identify and deliver the toy from among a range of items.The demonstration was given at the 2024 World Artificial Intelligence Conference(WAIC)held in Shanghai from July 4 to 6.

基于MATLAB-Robotics工具箱的工业机器人轨迹规划及仿真研究

对Cincinnati T3-746工业机器人的运动学轨迹规划进行了分析与仿真。通过实验对该工业机器人的三关节的关节轨迹进行了三次多项式插值运算。利用MATLAB-Robotics工具箱对该工业机器人进行了建模,实现了对工作空间内任意直线、圆弧轨迹拟合插值运算。通过运动学正反解的计算,得到了实时的关节空间坐标的数值解。为该工业机器人进一步的研究和应用提供了理论分析依据。

基于Robotics Toolbox的6R型机械臂运动学仿真及分析

针对6R型机械臂运动学进行了研究。首先采用D-H法建立机械臂关节坐标系并确定其连杆参数,应用MATLAB软件中的Robotics Toolbox仿真工具箱建立该机械臂模型,其次对机械臂进行轨迹规划研究和运动学仿真,最后,基于机械臂运动学模型应用可操作度指标分析机械臂的灵巧性能,本文阐述了机械臂运动学仿真的一般规律,由仿真得出的结果可知,本文的研究对于关节型机械臂的运动学仿真具有重要意义。

基于DELMIA/Robotics的白车身焊接机器人路径仿真研究

针对汽车焊接机器人工位缺乏精确可靠的焊接过程分析,本文应用DELMIA/Robotics软件实现汽车侧围的机器人焊接工位运动仿真。结果表明,运用DELMIA/Robotics可以有效降低运行成本和机器人编程时间。

基于Robotics Toolbox挖掘机工作装置的运动仿真

运用Danevit-Hartenberg方法,建立挖掘机工作装置运动坐标系,推导出其正、逆运动学数学模型。然后以某挖掘机为例,在MATLAB 2009b仿真环境下,用Robotics Toolbox建立该挖掘机工作装置运动学仿真模型,测定其作业空间,并进行运动学、轨迹规划仿真;同时可直观地观察所建运动学仿真模型各关节的变化,末端的位姿也作相应的变化,检验各部件关键运动参数的合理性,为挖掘机运动学分析与仿真提供了一个简便的方法。

工业机器人在MATLAB-Robotics中的运动学分析

本文设计了一种基于工业机器人的自动化处理系统,能够将工人从繁重的体力劳动中解放出来,避免了工人长时间在恶劣的环境中工作,首先需要在MATLAB Robotics环境下,建立机器人运动模型,对6R机器人的正运动学方程进行仿真验证。对机器人运动轨迹进行插补运算,运用MATLAB Robotics Toolbox工具箱编写了简单的命令程序,对工作空间内机器人进行关节轨迹规划与笛卡尔空间内的轨迹规划仿真,为6R工业机器人的运动学分析及轨迹仿真提供了参考依据。

Quantum Cooperative Robotics and Autonomy

The intersection of Quantum Technologies and Robotics Autonomy is explored in the present paper.The two areas are brought together in establishing an interdisciplinary interface that contributes to advancing the field of system autonomy,and pushes the engineering boundaries beyond the existing techniques.The present research adopts the experimental aspects of quantum entanglement and quantum cryptography,and integrates these established quantum capabilities into distributed robotic platforms,to explore the possibility of achieving increased autonomy for the control of multi-agent robotic systems engaged in cooperative tasks.Experimental quantum capabilities are realized by producing single photons(using spontaneous parametric down-conversion process),polarization of photons,detecting vertical and horizontal polarizations,and single photon detecting/counting.Specifically,such quantum aspects are implemented on network of classical agents,i.e.,classical aerial and ground robots/unmanned systems.With respect to classical systems for robotic applications,leveraging quantum technology is expected to lead to guaranteed security,very fast control and communication,and unparalleled quantum capabilities such as entanglement and quantum superposition that will enable novel applications.

Robotics and mechatronics for planetary surface exploration

The paper briefly addresses DLR' s ( German Aerospace Center) expertise in space robotics by handof corresponding milestone projects including systems on the International Space Station ISS. It then discussesthe key technologies needed for the development of an artificial "robonaut" generation with mechatronic ultra-light weight arms and multifingered hands. The third arm generation is nearly finished now, approaching thelimits of what is technologically achievable today with respect to light-weight and power losses. In a similar wayDLR' s second generation of artificial 4-fingered hands was a big step towards higher reliability, manipulabilityand overall performance.

How Does Robotics Process Automation (RPA) Affect Project Management Practices

The main purpose of this literature review is to understand the effectiveness and impacts of Robotics Process Automation (RPA) on the practices of Project Management (PM). For attaining the purposes of the research study, an extensive literature review was conducted, which helped in gaining a theoretical understanding. These findings were then justified with the help of current and relevant secondary sources in the analysis section. The findings suggested that RPA is quite advantageous for implementing in varied aspects of a business, especially in the field of project management. However, it can pose several challenges, which need to be taken into due consideration by the organizations during execution such as the capabilities of the employees and the abilities of the existing systems to incorporate automation, among others. It was ultimately concluded that RPA is highly advantageous for project management teams but its effective implementation is the key to success.

基于MATLAB/Robotics Toolbox的六自由度机械臂仿真

设计了一种六自由度的机械臂,用D-H法建立数学模型,并运用MATLAB中的simulink模块对机械臂的运动学和路径规划问题进行了仿真。给出关节变量值,求解机械臂末端姿态;已知空间姿态,求解关节变量;采用改进点到点的路径规划,得到了仿真时间为2s,间隔为0.025s的机械臂末端运行轨迹图,进而得到机械臂末端在坐标空间的姿态和速度、加速度的关联图形。仿真结果作为机械臂控制系统设计的依据。

Research Advance in Swarm Robotics

The research progress of swarm robotics is reviewed in details. The swarm robotics inspired from nature is a combination of swarm intelligence and robotics, which shows a great potential in several aspects. First of all, the cooperation of nature swarm and swarm intelligence are briefly introduced, and the special features of the swarm robotics are summarized compared to a single robot and other multi-individual systems. Then the modeling methods for swarm robotics are described by a list of several widely used swarm robotics entity projects and simulation platforms. Finally, as a main part of this paper, the current research on the swarm robotic algorithms are presented in detail, including cooperative control mechanisms in swarm robotics for flocking, navigating and searching applications.

Human Interaction Dynamics for Its Use in Mobile Robotics:Impedance Control for Leader-follower Formation

A complete characterization of the behavior in human-robot interactions(HRI) includes both: the behavioral dynamics and the control laws that characterize how the behavior is regulated with the perception data. In this way, this work proposes a leader-follower coordinate control based on an impedance control that allows to establish a dynamic relation between social forces and motion error. For this, a scheme is presented to identify the impedance based on fictitious social forces, which are described by distance-based potential fields.As part of the validation procedure, we present an experimental comparison to select the better of two different fictitious force structures. The criteria are determined by two qualities: least impedance errors during the validation procedure and least parameter variance during the recursive estimation procedure.Finally, with the best fictitious force and its identified impedance,an impedance control is designed for a mobile robot Pioneer 3AT,which is programmed to follow a human in a structured scenario.According to results, and under the hypothesis that moving like humans will be acceptable by humans, it is believed that the proposed control improves the social acceptance of the robot for this kind of interaction.