基于改进Informed-RRT^(*)算法的舰载机甲板平面路径规划

针对舰载机甲板路径规划问题,在Informed-RRT^(*)(informed rapidly-exploring random tree)的椭圆采样基础上,提出使用正态分布方式采样的IN-RRT^(*)(informed normal-RRT^(*))算法。首先,针对舰载机与运动场景建模,定义舰载机运动约束和避障策略;其次,将正态分布采样策略与椭圆采样相结合,获取优质高效采样点;引入人工势场法,自适应调节随机树的搜索步长值;使用向心Catmull-Rom样条插值法对路径进行平滑优化处理;提出针对动态障碍改进的动态窗口法,实现局部动态避障。最后,运用甲板平面环境实验检验算法性能。结果表明,IN-RRT^(*)算法能显著优化搜索时间和搜索路径质量,可应对动态场景规划出合理可行的平滑路径。

融合RRT^(*)与DWA算法的移动机器人动态路径规划

为实现移动机器人在复杂动态障碍物环境中的避障,提出一种改进的快速随机扩展树(rapidly-exploring random tree,RRT^(*))与动态窗口法(dynamic window approach,DWA)相融合的动态路径规划方法。基于已知环境信息,利用改进RRT^(*)算法生成全局最优安全路径。通过消除RRT^(*)算法产生的危险节点,来确保全局路径的安全性;使用贪婪算法去除路径中的冗余节点,以缩短全局路径的长度。利用DWA算法跟踪改进RRT^(*)算法规划的最优路径。当全局路径上出现静态障碍物时,通过二次调整DWA算法评价函数的权重来避开障碍物并及时回归原路线;当环境中出现移动障碍物时,通过提前检测危险距离并转向加速的方式安全驶离该区域。仿真结果表明:该算法在复杂动态环境中运行时间短、路径成本小,与障碍物始终保持安全距离,确保在安全避开动态障碍物的同时,跟踪最优路径。

基于改进RRT^(*)算法的无人艇路径规划快速求解算法

针对快速扩展随机树(RRT)算法在无人艇路径规划工作中目的性较弱的问题,提出一种改进的无人艇路径规划快速求解算法。对人工势场法进行改进,额外添加4个方向的受力分析,综合计算无人艇所受合力;重新定义转向角度的计算方法,避免其进入局部最优陷阱,使其可以顺利抵达目标点,得到一条初始路径;利用该初始路径来设定快速扩展随机树算法的随机点采样区域,通过降低随机采样点生成在无价值区域的概率,以提高算法的目的性和时效性,得到二次规划路径;对二次规划路径进行冗余点去除操作,减少路径节点的同时可以进一步降低路径代价,得到最终的规划路径。实验结果表明:改进算法在取得相近代价的路径时,运行时间最多降低了84.14%,采样点数量最多减少了70.09%,算法质量更好,运行效率更高。

基于DBS-RRT^(*)算法的机械臂复杂狭窄场景路径规划

针对目前RRT^(*)算法在机械臂复杂狭窄场景路径规划中,存在着规划时间长、路径冗长、狭窄环境规划成功率低的问题,提出一种动态偏置采样DBS-RRT^(*)(dynamic biased sampling RRT^(*))算法。首先,DBS-RRT^(*)算法采用动态偏置率,设计智能椭球子集采样作为偏向采样方法,利用自适应生长策略调整新节点的生长方向与步长,实现动态选择采样方法,提高采样效率,减少无效空间探索,改善搜索导向性的效果;然后,通过设计二维实验验证算法的有效性,实验证明DBS-RRT^(*)算法与RRT^(*)算法相比,规划效率更高,规划路径更短;最后,将DBS-RRT^(*)算法应用于复杂狭窄场景中的机械臂仿真实验。实验数据表明,DBS-RRT^(*)算法与RRT^(*)算法相比,规划路径长度减少了26%,规划时间减少了22.6%,成功率提高了32%。DBS-RRT^(*)算法在复杂狭窄场景中,相比RRT^(*)算法,能够更加有效地实现机械臂避障路径规划。

基于改进双树RRT^(*)算法的冗余机械臂末端路径规划

针对冗余机械臂的冗余特性与相关RRT^(*)算法在规划机械臂末端路径的应用中存在的搜索效率较低、收敛性不稳定以及没有充分考虑到机械臂末端几何构型与自身运动特性对路径规划影响的问题,提出一种改进策略。首先,引入一种基于根尾节点连线夹角的采样点选择方式,并设置目标逼近区域。根据连续采样成功次数动态选择改进采样与随机采样。接着,将双树扩展策略与上述方法相结合。最后,将初始可行路径进行二次重连得到最终的优化路径。通过验证,改进双树RRT^(*)方法能够有效地提升搜索效率、收敛性以及路径的优越性。虚拟碰撞体与胶囊碰撞体的引入也能较好地应对机械臂末端结构与运动特性带来的影响。使用Mujoco物理仿真引擎进行机械臂运动验证,证明该策略可以为冗余机械臂末端规划出一条较优的可行路径。

A Review of Image Steganography Based on Multiple Hashing Algorithm

Steganography is a technique for hiding secret messages while sending and receiving communications through a cover item.From ancient times to the present,the security of secret or vital information has always been a significant problem.The development of secure communication methods that keep recipient-only data transmissions secret has always been an area of interest.Therefore,several approaches,including steganography,have been developed by researchers over time to enable safe data transit.In this review,we have discussed image steganography based on Discrete Cosine Transform(DCT)algorithm,etc.We have also discussed image steganography based on multiple hashing algorithms like the Rivest–Shamir–Adleman(RSA)method,the Blowfish technique,and the hash-least significant bit(LSB)approach.In this review,a novel method of hiding information in images has been developed with minimal variance in image bits,making our method secure and effective.A cryptography mechanism was also used in this strategy.Before encoding the data and embedding it into a carry image,this review verifies that it has been encrypted.Usually,embedded text in photos conveys crucial signals about the content.This review employs hash table encryption on the message before hiding it within the picture to provide a more secure method of data transport.If the message is ever intercepted by a third party,there are several ways to stop this operation.A second level of security process implementation involves encrypting and decrypting steganography images using different hashing algorithms.

Algorithm Selection Method Based on Coupling Strength for Partitioned Analysis of Structure-Piezoelectric-Circuit Coupling

In this study, we propose an algorithm selection method based on coupling strength for the partitioned analysis ofstructure-piezoelectric-circuit coupling, which includes two types of coupling or inverse and direct piezoelectriccoupling and direct piezoelectric and circuit coupling. In the proposed method, implicit and explicit formulationsare used for strong and weak coupling, respectively. Three feasible partitioned algorithms are generated, namely(1) a strongly coupled algorithm that uses a fully implicit formulation for both types of coupling, (2) a weaklycoupled algorithm that uses a fully explicit formulation for both types of coupling, and (3) a partially stronglycoupled and partially weakly coupled algorithm that uses an implicit formulation and an explicit formulation forthe two types of coupling, respectively.Numerical examples using a piezoelectric energy harvester,which is a typicalstructure-piezoelectric-circuit coupling problem, demonstrate that the proposed method selects the most costeffectivealgorithm.

Hybrid Optimization Algorithm for Handwritten Document Enhancement

The Gannet Optimization Algorithm (GOA) and the Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA) demonstrate strong performance;however, there remains room for improvement in convergence and practical applications. This study introduces a hybrid optimization algorithm, named the adaptive inertia weight whale optimization algorithm and gannet optimization algorithm (AIWGOA), which addresses challenges in enhancing handwritten documents. The hybrid strategy integrates the strengths of both algorithms, significantly enhancing their capabilities, whereas the adaptive parameter strategy mitigates the need for manual parameter setting. By amalgamating the hybrid strategy and parameter-adaptive approach, the Gannet Optimization Algorithm was refined to yield the AIWGOA. Through a performance analysis of the CEC2013 benchmark, the AIWGOA demonstrates notable advantages across various metrics. Subsequently, an evaluation index was employed to assess the enhanced handwritten documents and images, affirming the superior practical application of the AIWGOA compared with other algorithms.

RRT Autonomous Detection Algorithm Based on Multiple Pilot Point Bias Strategy and Karto SLAM Algorithm

A Rapid-exploration Random Tree(RRT)autonomous detection algorithm based on the multi-guide-node deflection strategy and Karto Simultaneous Localization and Mapping(SLAM)algorithm was proposed to solve the problems of low efficiency of detecting frontier boundary points and drift distortion in the process of map building in the traditional RRT algorithm in the autonomous detection strategy of mobile robot.Firstly,an RRT global frontier boundary point detection algorithm based on the multi-guide-node deflection strategy was put forward,which introduces the reference value of guide nodes’deflection probability into the random sampling function so that the global search tree can detect frontier boundary points towards the guide nodes according to random probability.After that,a new autonomous detection algorithm for mobile robots was proposed by combining the graph optimization-based Karto SLAM algorithm with the previously improved RRT algorithm.The algorithm simulation platform based on the Gazebo platform was built.The simulation results show that compared with the traditional RRT algorithm,the proposed RRT autonomous detection algorithm can effectively reduce the time of autonomous detection,plan the length of detection trajectory under the condition of high average detection coverage,and complete the task of autonomous detection mapping more efficiently.Finally,with the help of the ROS-based mobile robot experimental platform,the performance of the proposed algorithm was verified in the real environment of different obstacles.The experimental results show that in the actual environment of simple and complex obstacles,the proposed RRT autonomous detection algorithm was superior to the traditional RRT autonomous detection algorithm in the time of detection,length of detection trajectory,and average coverage,thus improving the efficiency and accuracy of autonomous detection.

Multi-Objective Optimization of VBHF in Deep Drawing Based on the Improved QO-Jaya Algorithm

Blank holder force(BHF)is a crucial parameter in deep drawing,having close relation with the forming quality of sheet metal.However,there are different BHFs maintaining the best forming effect in different stages of deep drawing.The variable blank holder force(VBHF)varying with the drawing stage can overcome this problem at an extent.The optimization of VBHF is to determine the optimal BHF in every deep drawing stage.In this paper,a new heuristic optimization algorithm named Jaya is introduced to solve the optimization efficiently.An improved“Quasi-oppositional”strategy is added to Jaya algorithm for improving population diversity.Meanwhile,an innovated stop criterion is added for better convergence.Firstly,the quality evaluation criteria for wrinkling and tearing are built.Secondly,the Kriging models are developed to approximate and quantify the relation between VBHF and forming defects under random sampling.Finally,the optimization models are established and solved by the improved QO-Jaya algorithm.A VBHF optimization example of component with complicated shape and thin wall is studied to prove the effectiveness of the improved Jaya algorithm.The optimization results are compared with that obtained by other algorithms based on the TOPSIS method.

Synergistic Swarm Optimization Algorithm

This research paper presents a novel optimization method called the Synergistic Swarm Optimization Algorithm(SSOA).The SSOA combines the principles of swarmintelligence and synergistic cooperation to search for optimal solutions efficiently.A synergistic cooperation mechanism is employed,where particles exchange information and learn from each other to improve their search behaviors.This cooperation enhances the exploitation of promising regions in the search space while maintaining exploration capabilities.Furthermore,adaptive mechanisms,such as dynamic parameter adjustment and diversification strategies,are incorporated to balance exploration and exploitation.By leveraging the collaborative nature of swarm intelligence and integrating synergistic cooperation,the SSOAmethod aims to achieve superior convergence speed and solution quality performance compared to other optimization algorithms.The effectiveness of the proposed SSOA is investigated in solving the 23 benchmark functions and various engineering design problems.The experimental results highlight the effectiveness and potential of the SSOA method in addressing challenging optimization problems,making it a promising tool for a wide range of applications in engineering and beyond.Matlab codes of SSOA are available at:https://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/153466-synergistic-swarm-optimization-algorithm.

MCWOA Scheduler:Modified Chimp-Whale Optimization Algorithm for Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing

Cloud computing provides a diverse and adaptable resource pool over the internet,allowing users to tap into various resources as needed.It has been seen as a robust solution to relevant challenges.A significant delay can hamper the performance of IoT-enabled cloud platforms.However,efficient task scheduling can lower the cloud infrastructure’s energy consumption,thus maximizing the service provider’s revenue by decreasing user job processing times.The proposed Modified Chimp-Whale Optimization Algorithm called Modified Chimp-Whale Optimization Algorithm(MCWOA),combines elements of the Chimp Optimization Algorithm(COA)and the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA).To enhance MCWOA’s identification precision,the Sobol sequence is used in the population initialization phase,ensuring an even distribution of the population across the solution space.Moreover,the traditional MCWOA’s local search capabilities are augmented by incorporating the whale optimization algorithm’s bubble-net hunting and random search mechanisms into MCWOA’s position-updating process.This study demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach using a two-story rigid frame and a simply supported beam model.Simulated outcomes reveal that the new method outperforms the original MCWOA,especially in multi-damage detection scenarios.MCWOA excels in avoiding false positives and enhancing computational speed,making it an optimal choice for structural damage detection.The efficiency of the proposed MCWOA is assessed against metrics such as energy usage,computational expense,task duration,and delay.The simulated data indicates that the new MCWOA outpaces other methods across all metrics.The study also references the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA),Chimp Algorithm(CA),Ant Lion Optimizer(ALO),Genetic Algorithm(GA)and Grey Wolf Optimizer(GWO).

Path Planning for Robotic Arms Based on an Improved RRT Algorithm

The burgeoning robotics industry has catalyzed significant strides in the development and deployment of industrial and service robotic arms, positioning path planning as a pivotal facet for augmenting their operational safety and efficiency. Existing path planning algorithms, while capable of delineating feasible trajectories, often fall short of achieving optimality, particularly concerning path length, search duration, and success likelihood. This study introduces an enhanced Rapidly-Exploring Random Tree (RRT) algorithm, meticulously designed to rectify the issues of node redundancy and the compromised path quality endemic to conventional RRT approaches. Through the integration of an adaptive pruning mechanism and a dynamic elliptical search strategy within the Informed RRT* framework, our algorithm efficiently refines the search tree by discarding branches that surpass the cost of the optimal path, thereby refining the search space and significantly boosting efficiency. Extensive comparative analysis across both two-dimensional and three-dimensional simulation settings underscores the algorithm’s proficiency in markedly improving path precision and search velocity, signifying a breakthrough in the domain of robotic arm path planning.

Maximizing Resource Efficiency in Cloud Data Centers through Knowledge-Based Flower Pollination Algorithm (KB-FPA)

Cloud computing is a dynamic and rapidly evolving field,where the demand for resources fluctuates continuously.This paper delves into the imperative need for adaptability in the allocation of resources to applications and services within cloud computing environments.The motivation stems from the pressing issue of accommodating fluctuating levels of user demand efficiently.By adhering to the proposed resource allocation method,we aim to achieve a substantial reduction in energy consumption.This reduction hinges on the precise and efficient allocation of resources to the tasks that require those most,aligning with the broader goal of sustainable and eco-friendly cloud computing systems.To enhance the resource allocation process,we introduce a novel knowledge-based optimization algorithm.In this study,we rigorously evaluate its efficacy by comparing it to existing algorithms,including the Flower Pollination Algorithm(FPA),Spark Lion Whale Optimization(SLWO),and Firefly Algo-rithm.Our findings reveal that our proposed algorithm,Knowledge Based Flower Pollination Algorithm(KB-FPA),consistently outperforms these conventional methods in both resource allocation efficiency and energy consumption reduction.This paper underscores the profound significance of resource allocation in the realm of cloud computing.By addressing the critical issue of adaptability and energy efficiency,it lays the groundwork for a more sustainable future in cloud computing systems.Our contribution to the field lies in the introduction of a new resource allocation strategy,offering the potential for significantly improved efficiency and sustainability within cloud computing infrastructures.

An Optimal Node Localization in WSN Based on Siege Whale Optimization Algorithm

Localization or positioning scheme in Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is one of the most challenging andfundamental operations in various monitoring or tracking applications because the network deploys a large areaand allocates the acquired location information to unknown devices. The metaheuristic approach is one of themost advantageous ways to deal with this challenging issue and overcome the disadvantages of the traditionalmethods that often suffer from computational time problems and small network deployment scale. This studyproposes an enhanced whale optimization algorithm that is an advanced metaheuristic algorithm based on thesiege mechanism (SWOA) for node localization inWSN. The objective function is modeled while communicatingon localized nodes, considering variables like delay, path loss, energy, and received signal strength. The localizationapproach also assigns the discovered location data to unidentified devices with the modeled objective functionby applying the SWOA algorithm. The experimental analysis is carried out to demonstrate the efficiency of thedesigned localization scheme in terms of various metrics, e.g., localization errors rate, converges rate, and executedtime. Compared experimental-result shows that theSWOA offers the applicability of the developed model forWSNto perform the localization scheme with excellent quality. Significantly, the error and convergence values achievedby the SWOA are less location error, faster in convergence and executed time than the others compared to at least areduced 1.5% to 4.7% error rate, and quicker by at least 4%and 2% in convergence and executed time, respectivelyfor the experimental scenarios.

基于稀疏节点与双向插值的RRT^(*)改进算法

针对渐进最优快速扩展随机树(RRT^(*))应用于机器人路径规划中时存在精度低、环境适应性差等问题,提出一种基于稀疏节点与双向插值的RRT^(*)改进算法。将目标偏向采样和稀疏节点法引入RRT^(*)算法中,通过避免对局部区域过度的搜索,达到提高初始路径搜索效率的目的;借助三角不等原理思想,对初始路径中的冗余节点进行剔除,并基于双向插值方法对路径节点进行优化,以更短的时间获得次优路径。在多种仿真环境中的实验结果表明:相对于RRT^(*)算法、Informed-RRT^(*)算法和Q-RRT^(*)算法,改进算法的初始路径规划效率提高了61%,次优路径规划效率提高了59%,且在多种环境下均具有很强的稳定性。最后,在实际的机器人路径规划实验中对所提算法的有效性进行了进一步验证。

LSDA-APF:A Local Obstacle Avoidance Algorithm for Unmanned Surface Vehicles Based on 5G Communication Environment

In view of the complex marine environment of navigation,especially in the case of multiple static and dynamic obstacles,the traditional obstacle avoidance algorithms applied to unmanned surface vehicles(USV)are prone to fall into the trap of local optimization.Therefore,this paper proposes an improved artificial potential field(APF)algorithm,which uses 5G communication technology to communicate between the USV and the control center.The algorithm introduces the USV discrimination mechanism to avoid the USV falling into local optimization when the USV encounter different obstacles in different scenarios.Considering the various scenarios between the USV and other dynamic obstacles such as vessels in the process of performing tasks,the algorithm introduces the concept of dynamic artificial potential field.For the multiple obstacles encountered in the process of USV sailing,based on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea(COLREGS),the USV determines whether the next step will fall into local optimization through the discriminationmechanism.The local potential field of the USV will dynamically adjust,and the reverse virtual gravitational potential field will be added to prevent it from falling into the local optimization and avoid collisions.The objective function and cost function are designed at the same time,so that the USV can smoothly switch between the global path and the local obstacle avoidance.The simulation results show that the improved APF algorithm proposed in this paper can successfully avoid various obstacles in the complex marine environment,and take navigation time and economic cost into account.

An Opposition-Based Learning-Based Search Mechanism for Flying Foxes Optimization Algorithm

The flying foxes optimization(FFO)algorithm,as a newly introduced metaheuristic algorithm,is inspired by the survival tactics of flying foxes in heat wave environments.FFO preferentially selects the best-performing individuals.This tendency will cause the newly generated solution to remain closely tied to the candidate optimal in the search area.To address this issue,the paper introduces an opposition-based learning-based search mechanism for FFO algorithm(IFFO).Firstly,this paper introduces niching techniques to improve the survival list method,which not only focuses on the adaptability of individuals but also considers the population’s crowding degree to enhance the global search capability.Secondly,an initialization strategy of opposition-based learning is used to perturb the initial population and elevate its quality.Finally,to verify the superiority of the improved search mechanism,IFFO,FFO and the cutting-edge metaheuristic algorithms are compared and analyzed using a set of test functions.The results prove that compared with other algorithms,IFFO is characterized by its rapid convergence,precise results and robust stability.

Hybrid Prairie Dog and Beluga Whale Optimization Algorithm for Multi-Objective Load Balanced-Task Scheduling in Cloud Computing Environments

The cloud computing technology is utilized for achieving resource utilization of remotebased virtual computer to facilitate the consumers with rapid and accurate massive data services.It utilizes on-demand resource provisioning,but the necessitated constraints of rapid turnaround time,minimal execution cost,high rate of resource utilization and limited makespan transforms the Load Balancing(LB)process-based Task Scheduling(TS)problem into an NP-hard optimization issue.In this paper,Hybrid Prairie Dog and Beluga Whale Optimization Algorithm(HPDBWOA)is propounded for precise mapping of tasks to virtual machines with the due objective of addressing the dynamic nature of cloud environment.This capability of HPDBWOA helps in decreasing the SLA violations and Makespan with optimal resource management.It is modelled as a scheduling strategy which utilizes the merits of PDOA and BWOA for attaining reactive decisions making with respect to the process of assigning the tasks to virtual resources by considering their priorities into account.It addresses the problem of pre-convergence with wellbalanced exploration and exploitation to attain necessitated Quality of Service(QoS)for minimizing the waiting time incurred during TS process.It further balanced exploration and exploitation rates for reducing the makespan during the task allocation with complete awareness of VM state.The results of the proposed HPDBWOA confirmed minimized energy utilization of 32.18% and reduced cost of 28.94% better than approaches used for investigation.The statistical investigation of the proposed HPDBWOA conducted using ANOVA confirmed its efficacy over the benchmarked systems in terms of throughput,system,and response time.

Optimizing Connections:Applied Shortest Path Algorithms for MANETs

This study is trying to address the critical need for efficient routing in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks(MANETs)from dynamic topologies that pose great challenges because of the mobility of nodes.Themain objective was to delve into and refine the application of the Dijkstra’s algorithm in this context,a method conventionally esteemed for its efficiency in static networks.Thus,this paper has carried out a comparative theoretical analysis with the Bellman-Ford algorithm,considering adaptation to the dynamic network conditions that are typical for MANETs.This paper has shown through detailed algorithmic analysis that Dijkstra’s algorithm,when adapted for dynamic updates,yields a very workable solution to the problem of real-time routing in MANETs.The results indicate that with these changes,Dijkstra’s algorithm performs much better computationally and 30%better in routing optimization than Bellman-Ford when working with configurations of sparse networks.The theoretical framework adapted,with the adaptation of the Dijkstra’s algorithm for dynamically changing network topologies,is novel in this work and quite different from any traditional application.The adaptation should offer more efficient routing and less computational overhead,most apt in the limited resource environment of MANETs.Thus,from these findings,one may derive a conclusion that the proposed version of Dijkstra’s algorithm is the best and most feasible choice of the routing protocol for MANETs given all pertinent key performance and resource consumption indicators and further that the proposed method offers a marked improvement over traditional methods.This paper,therefore,operationalizes the theoretical model into practical scenarios and also further research with empirical simulations to understand more about its operational effectiveness.