关于RLA模型微观的计算机模拟

以扩散理论为基础,建立以"基本微观过程"为核心的新模型.引入交换比的概念,对存在表面活化剂时薄膜生长的微观过程用Kinetic Monte Carlo方法进行计算机模拟.模拟发现,活化层原子和沉积原子都会发生跨层间的扩散.跨层扩散主要是单个原子的扩散,层间扩散的原子数目随着温度的升高或沉积厚度的增加而增多.RLA模型中的"交换作用"只是若干个"基本微观过程"的组合,大多数交换不是位置的"完全交换",交换比也并非恒为1.

RLA教学法在礼仪教学实践中的应用研究

随着中国国际地位的提高和社会进程的加快,礼仪文化在公民素质中的作用越来越重要,越来越多的高职院校开设了礼仪课程,将礼仪教育纳入学生的培养方案。礼仪课程具有重实践、强调参与、难以转化为内在特质等特点而有别于其他传统课程,导致当前礼仪教学效果难以突破。通过构建RLA教学技术创新礼仪教学课堂,以改变传统礼仪教学中出现的问题,实现礼仪知识、礼仪意识和文明意识的多重培养,提升礼仪教学的效果。

PM25RLA120外围接口线路设计

简单研究了电机变频调速用IPM的选型方法,介绍了三菱L系列智能功率模块PM25RLA120的内部结构与外围接口框架。设计了一套以DSP作为主控芯片的PM25RLA120外围接口线路,该线路含盖驱动电路、保护电路、吸收电容、电源模块等,能够适用于额定功率为3.7k W及以下的三相异步电动机的调速系统。

Radioimmunoassay of Antiarrhythmic Peptide and Its application

To establish a specific and sensitive radioimmunoassay (RIA) for antiarrhythmic peptide (AAP) and study serum AAP levels in normal Sprague-Dawley rats (NR) and spontaneous hypertension rats (SHR), AAP-bovine serum albumin (BSA) conjugate was prepared by ammonium bicarbonate method. The New Zealand rabbits were immunized by administering intradermally the conjugate. Then the rabbit anti-AAP serum was produced and iodinated AAP was made by Bolton-Hunter method. The RIA for serum AAP was set up and serum AAP levels in NR and SHR were determined. The minimal detectable range of the AAP RIA was (0.45±0.06) μg/L. The affinity constant for antiserum was 1.05×10 9 L/mol, and the rate of cross-reactivity with atrial peptide (AP) and human growth hormone (hGH) were 0.12 % and 0.20 %, respectively. The mean recovery rate of high, medium and low doses was 97.6 %, and the mean coefficients of variation for intra- and interbath-assay were (6.43±0.85) % and (9.62±1.04) %, respectively. The mean levels of AAP in NR with different age (3 months, 8-10 months and 18-20 months) were (1.75±0.13) μg/L, (1.74±0.11) μg/L and (1.79±0.15) μg/L, respectively, while those in SHR with different age (3 months, 8-10 months and 18-20 months) were (2.38±0.35) μg/L, (2.54±0.25) μg/L and (2.83±0.21) μg/L, respectively. The levels of serum AAP showed a positive correlation with blood pressure (r=0.8667, P<0.05). It was indicated that this AAP RIA had high specificity, high accuracy and good reproducibility. The levels of serum AAP had a close relation with blood pressure.

Radioimmunoassay of pepsinogens I and II in human serum

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THE MODIFIED RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF SERUM INHIBIN AND ITS VALUE IN MONITORING OVARIAN TUMOR

Objectives and Methods: A modified radioimmunoassay (RIA) of serum inhibin (INH) was developed and applied to measure serum INH contents in 39 fertile and 16 postmenopausal women. Thirty-three cases of ovarian tumors, including granulosa cell tumors and other kinds of ovarian tumors, were monitored by serum INH RIA. Results: The mean value of serum INH contents in follicular, peri-ovulatory and mid-luteal phases of fertile women were 9.48±7.10 pg/ml (2.04～18.53pg/ml), 19.04±9.73 pg/ml (3.49～33.26 pg/ml) and 131.13±110.81 pg/ml (3.49～ 341.10 pg/ml), respectively. Serum INH concentration was negatively correlated with serum FSH concentration, (rs=?0.483,P<0.01). Serum IHN contents were less than 3.6 pg/ml in normal postmenopausal women. The mean value of serum INH contents in ovarian granulosa cell tumor, thecoma, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma and malignant teratoma cases were significantly higher than that of other ovarian tumors, (P<0.01). Serum INH contents were elevated in ovarian granulosa cell tumor, thecoma, mucinous cystadenocaricinoma and endometrioid carcinoma cases with serum CA-125 values in normal range before operation, but serum INH contents decreased to normal range within one week after operation. And consecutive serum INH RIA could be a valuable tool in monitoring for therapeutic effect. Conclusion: Modified INH RIA was of convenient, time-saving and quantitative characteristics, especially with its high sensitivity (<1 pg/ml). There was a regular change of serum INH concentrations during menstrual cycle. INH could inhibit the synthesis and secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH). INH would become a valuable marker for ovarian tumor. INH RIA combined with the measurement of serum CA-125 would be helpful to the early diagnosis, treatment and follow-up for ovarian cancer.

A Study on Competitive Nylon Solid Phase Radioimmunoassay for Determination of α-fetal Protein

A method of nylon solid phase radioimmunoassay(SPR)was developed andused in the determination of α-fetal protein(AFP).Nylon grains were activated and con-jugated with IgG to form a solid phase IgG.The activity of solid phase IgG was stableand it can be maintained for near 3 years at 4℃.At room temperature the activity didnot obviously change in 13.7 months.The method is simpler and more convenient thanliquid phase radioimmunoassay(LPR).The reactive error relation(RER)of this methodwas 0.01 and the precision curve was perfect.Sixty seven samples were measured withboth the solid phase method and double antibody-PEG(polyethylene glycol).Results ofthe two methods were not significant in difference(P】0.05).The correlation coefficientof the two methods was 0.97(P【0.01).It was proved that nylon was a very good solidphase carrier for SPR.

A solid phase radioimmunoassay for free triiodothyronine in serum:assay development and validation

A solid phase radioimmunoassay for free triiodothyronine in serum was developed based on double-antibody coated tubes. The method was turned out to be reliable with good reproducibility, higher sensitivity and easy performance. The measurable range of FT3 in serum was 1.2 to 38 pmol/L. The mean coefficients of variation within and between assays were 1.79%-3.18% and 4.72%-9.31%, respectively. The FT3 concentrations in euthyroid serum as determined by this method were 2.8 to 7.8pmol/L. The FT3 values determined by this new method correlated well with those measured by a commercial radioimmunoassay （r=0.853）.

IN VITRO CELL CULTURE AND HORMONE RADIOIMMUNOASSAY OF HUMAN PITUITARY ADENOMAS

Tissues from 30 human pituitary adenomas are monolayer-cell-cultured in vitro.Hormone secretion of GH, PRL, TSH, LH and FSH by cells into medium is detected by radioimmunoassay. The pattern and amount of hormone(s) in the medium are used to determine the nature of the cells and thus to establish functional classification of pituitary adenomas. The results show that cell culture technique provides an easy and suitable mode for investigating the nature of pituitary adenomas. Hormone radioimmunoassay of culture medium is precise and reliable and represents the whole adenoma tissue. Further studies can lead to clearer understandings of the pathology of pituitary adenomas.

SPERMIDINE RADIOIMMUNOASSAY IN MONITOR OF PRECANCEROUS LESIONS OF ESOPHAGUS

Serum spermidine was assayed by radioimmuno-assay in different stages of esophageal carcinogenesis in the population from high risk area of esophageal cancer, Linxian County. The serum spermidine values were 76.94+74.38 ng ml in 36 normal individuals; 115.71+113.45 ng/ml in 35 patients with marked epithelial hyperplasia (MEH) and 294.48+135.36 ng/ml in 31 patients with early esophageal cancer. Patients with MEH were given intervention treatment by Aminoretinoic Ester or Anticancer B or placebo (starch) as controls. One year later, samples from the population were collected again for serum spermidine msasurement. The values were 95.8+ 68.2 ng/ml in 27 normals; 125.1±72.9 ng/ml in 62 patients with MEH treated by Anticancer B; 125.6± 117.2 ng/ml in 64 patients with MEH treated by Aminoretinoic Ester; 162.4±76.6 ng/ml in 62 controls and 210.5±182.9 ng/ml in 44 patients with early esophageal cancer.The results showed that spermidine radioim-munoassay could reflect the tendency of esophageal precancerous changes toward cancer or back to normal. They can be taken as a mid-way monitor indicator for tumor-blocking drugs. Also, it could be of value in the early diagnosis of esophageal cancer.

Can a radioimmunoassay kit be developed for accurate detection of the S protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2?

The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)at the end of 2019 spread worldwide within only a few months.The screening and timely isolation of infected individuals have been regarded as an effective means of epidemic prevention and control.Therefore,effective screening of infected individuals plays a vital role in epidemic prevention and control.At present,reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT–PCR)is the main method for the in vitro detection of SARS-CoV-2.However,RT–PCR requires certified laboratories,expensive equipment,and trained technicians.Therefore,it is necessary to develop simpler and more convenient methods.Some studies have shown that the PepKAA peptide has a high affinity for the S protein of SARS-CoV-2.The tyrosine in PepKAA is labeled with 125I and used to design a radioimmunoassay kit for the detection of the S protein of SARS-CoV-2,which is of great significance for the early diagnosis of COVID-19.

轻度慢性肝炎血清甘胆酸RLA的临床意义

慢性肝炎按HAL（组织学活动指数）分级分期法为G1～2，S0～2的轻度慢性肝炎，临床表现为常无自觉症状或轻度不适。血清学改变不明显或正常，易使患者病情误诊、误治。本文对血清谷丙转氨酶（ALT）轻度升高的病人及无临床症状血清HBV五项指标阳性的病人进行血清甘胆酸（CG）测定。现报告如下：

比较放射免疫法与化学发光免疫分析法对甲状腺疾病的临床诊断效果

目的对比放射免疫法与化学发光免疫分析法对甲状腺疾病的临床诊断效果。方法简单随机选取2021年1月—2023年1月东台市中医院收治的50例甲状腺疾病患者纳入研究组,选取同期50例健康体检者纳入对照组。两组均实施放射免疫法、化学发光免疫分析法检测甲状腺球蛋白水平,比较不同检测方法对该疾病的诊断效果以及不同甲状腺疾病诊断符合率。结果化学发光免疫分析法诊断特异度(98.00%vs 84.00%)、灵敏度(98.00%vs 86.00%)、准确度(98.00%vs 85.00%)均高于放射免疫分析法,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。化学发光免疫分析法检测对甲状腺功能亢进、甲状腺炎诊断符合率高于放射免疫分析法,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。两种检查方法对甲状腺肿瘤诊断符合率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论在甲状腺疾病诊断中,化学发光免疫分析法更具优势。

Rigidloop Adjustable可调袢钢板治疗踝关节骨折并下胫腓联合损伤

目的比较Rigidloop Adjustable(RLA)可调袢钢板与螺钉治疗踝关节骨折合并下胫腓联合损伤的临床效果。方法回顾性分析2019年9月至2022年5月武汉市第三医院收治的44例踝关节骨折合并下胫腓联合损伤的患者。踝关节骨折行切开复位内固定后,下胫腓联合采用RLA可调袢钢板固定22例,2枚皮质骨螺钉三皮质骨固定22例。应用AOFAS踝与后足功能评分、术侧与健侧踝关节活动度平均差值及术前、术后随访时正位X线片下胫腓间隙(tibiofibular bottom clear space,TBCS)、下胫腓重叠距离(tibiofibular bottom overlap,TBOL)比较两组临床效果。结果患者均获得随访,随访时间12~18个月,平均(16.41±1.66)个月。患者踝关节功能满意,无伤口感染、皮肤激惹等并发症。术后3、6、12个月时,RLA可调袢钢板组双侧踝关节活动度差值均显著小于螺钉组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);术后3、6、12个月时,两组的AOFAS评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);TBCS、TBOL术前、术后即刻、术后3个月及末次随访时,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论RLA可调袢钢板和螺钉均可有效固定下胫腓联合,与螺钉固定相比,RLA可调袢钢板组可早期功能锻炼,获得更好的踝关节活动度。

甲状腺肿瘤患者生化免疫检验中应用化学发光免疫测定技术的临床效果评价

目的探讨甲状腺肿瘤患者行化学发光免疫测定的临床价值。方法目的选取扬州洪泉医院2023年1-12月收治的90例疑似甲状腺肿瘤患者为研究对象,均采用放射免疫测定(radioimmunoassay,RIA)、化学发光免疫测定(chemiluminescence immunoassay,CLIA)技术进行生化免疫检验,以手术病理结果为金标准,比较其诊断效能。结果90例疑似甲状腺肿瘤经病理证实阳性78例,阴性12例。CLIA诊断灵敏度96.15%(75/78)、特异度91.67%(11/12)及准确率95.56%(86/90)均高于RIA的87.18%(68/78)、41.67%(5/12)、81.11%(73/90),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.112、6.750、9.111,P均<0.05)。结论甲状腺肿瘤诊断中采取CLIA实施生化免疫检验可取得较高的灵敏度,能够为临床诊断提供重要依据。

免疫测定法检测农药残留的研究进展

农药除被作物靶向部位吸收外,剩余部分的农药富集、渗透到土壤或空气中。因此,利用可靠、准确且有效的检测技术来监控农药残留尤为重要。该文综述检测不同种类农药残留的免疫分析方法,包括酶联免疫吸附分析法、荧光免疫分析法、化学发光免疫分析法、免疫层析法和放射免疫分析法,对上述技术的基本原理和用途进行讨论和对比,并阐述不同种类农药免疫测定技术的发展潜力与趋势。

腹腔镜肾上腺切除术三种入路途径的临床比较

目的 比较腹腔镜肾上腺切除术三种手术入路途径的临床效果 ,探讨适宜的手术入路途径。 方法 86例接受腹腔镜肾上腺切除术。采用三种不同的手术入路途径 (经腹腔前入路即TAA ,腹膜后侧入路即RLA ,腹膜后腰入路即RPA)。 结果 通过RPA及RLA途径完成手术 ,时间短于TAA(P <0 0 1)。在RLA和RPA中输血量少于TAA。在TAA ,住院时间明显长于在RPA和RLA。在并发症发生率和中转开放手术率方面 ,TAA明显高于RPA和RLA。在RPA和RLA ,中转开放手术经常是由于胸膜撕裂 ,特别在右侧 ;而在TAA经常是由于内脏损伤。 结论 后腹膜入路更加适于腹腔镜肾上腺切除术。

AFP值在内胚窦瘤临床的标记意义

检测内胚窦瘤患者血清中甲胎蛋白（ＡＦＰ），研究ＡＦＰ值在妇癌临床的标记意义。收集２７例Ⅰ～Ⅳ期（ＦＩＧＯ）内胚窦瘤患者治疗前后的血清标本２１３份，平均７８８±３７９份。放射免疫法测定ＡＦＰ含量，采用等级分组的方法进行统计学处理。结果：肿瘤标志物ＡＦＰ对放射免疫法十分敏感，是诊断内胚窦瘤的重要依据Ｐ＜００１。彻底的手术可使ＡＦＰ值迅速转阴Ｐ＜００５，术后再转阳者，提示肿瘤复发或转移Ｐ＜００５。即使ＡＦＰ转阴的患者仍应坚持多程化疗。随访工作应坚持ＡＦＰ检查。ＡＦＰ值的上升或下降与患者体内内胚窦瘤细胞的生长与减灭有关，与病程的缓解与进展有关。

内皮素的放射免疫分析

介绍了一种内皮素的放射免疫分析。采用Iodogen方法标记^(125)I-ET,经高压液相纯化分离后,比放射性为1750Ci/mmol。其测定范围是0.25～1000pg/管,灵敏度为0.17pg/管。采用Sep-pakC_(18)层析柱提取人血浆中的内皮素,测得正常人含量为2.81±0.60pg/ml。尿毒症,心肌梗塞患者内皮素含量则明显升高。

胃癌患者全胃切除后血清PGⅠ、PGⅡ含量变化与胃癌复发的关系

目的：研究胃癌患者全胃切除手术后血清胃蛋白酶原 Ⅰ（Ｐｅｐｓｉｎｏｇｅｎ ＰＧＩ）、胃蛋白酶原 Ｒ（ＰＧ Ⅱ）含量的变化与胃癌复发的关系，探讨血清 ＰＧＩ、ＰＧ Ⅱ作为胃癌复发标志物的可能性。方法：运用放射免疫分析方法测定了１９０例正常人，１０３例胃癌手术前病人，３３例胃部分切除病人，１８例全胃切除病人，２３例全胃切除后随访病人的血清 ＰＧⅠ、ＰＧ Ⅱ的含量，并进行统计学分析。结果：与正常对照组相比，胃癌患者手术前血清 ＰＧＩ水平较低，胃癌手术后血清 ＰＧＩ、ＰＧ Ⅱ含量均明显下降，下降程度与手术方式有关，胃部分切除病人血清 ＰＧⅠ、ＰＧ Ⅱ仍保持一定水平，而全胃切除病人血清 ＰＧⅠ、ＰＧ Ⅱ含量则降至很低水平。全胃切除手术后胃癌复发患者血清 ＰＧⅠ、ＰＧ Ⅱ水平明显高于未复发患者。以ＰＧⅠ＞２２ μｇ／Ｌ，ＰＧ Ⅱ＞９ μｇ／以（ｘ+2ｓ）为临界值，１７名复发病人中有１３例结果为阳性（阳性率 ７６． ５％）。结论：胃癌患者全胃切除后血清 ＰＧⅠ、ＰＧ Ⅱ含量作为随访指标，可为胃癌复发提供重要线索。