Effect and mechanism of (125)~I radioactive particles interposed radiotherapy between organizations on lung cancer

Objective:The aim of this study was to evaluate effect and mechanism of 125I radioactive particles interposed radiotherapy between organizations on lung cancer.Methods:Fourteen cases of patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),the use of the B-,CT-guided,according to preoperative imaging and treatment planning system(TPS) program for radioactive particles interposed 125I interstitial radiotherapy.Results:All patients were successfully 125I interstitial radioactive particles interposed radiotherapy.Postoperative local complete tumor remission in 9 cases,partial remission in 5 cases,the efficiency of 100%.No case of serious complications.After 3 to 4 weeks of chemotherapy after 11 cases.4 cases of lung cancer with bone metastases,pain completely disappeared after treatment.Up to now,five cases have died due to tumor progression,survival time of 12 to 16 months.Nine cases still under follow-up observation and treatment.Conclusion:125 I radioactive particles interposed radiotherapy between organizations of lung cancer,simple operation,trauma,fewer complications,conformal high,high local tumor dose,efficacy,and is a supplement of modern radiotherapy techniques for the treatment of lung cancer provides a comprehensive line of the method of effective.

Effects of combined treatment of bronchial arterial chemoembolization and radioactive particle implantation on tumor markers and T lymphocyte subsets in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Objective: To investigate the effects of bronchial arterial chemoembolization combined with radioactive particle implantation on the level of serum tumor markers and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods: A total of 91 cases of locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients according to the random data table were divided into the control group (n=45) and observation group (n=46) according to the random data table. Patients in the control group was treated with bronchial arterial chemoembolization, on the basis of the control group, patients in the observation group were treated with radioactive particle implantation, the serum tumor markers and T lymphocyte subsets of the two groups were compared before and after treatment. Results: The levels of CEA, NSE, CA125, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+ and NK in the two groups before the treatment were not statistically significant. Compared with the group before treatment, levels of CEA, NSE, CA125and CD8+ of the two groups after treatment were significantly decreased, and after treatment the level of CEA, NSE, CA125and CD8+ in the observation group was significantly lower than those of the control group;The levels of CD4+, CD4+/CD8+ and NK in the two groups after treatment were significantly higher than those in the group before treatment, and the observation group levels were significantly higher than those of the control group. Conclusion: Bronchial artery embolization combined with radioactive particle implantation for locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer, can effectively reduce the serum tumor markers level, improve the level of T cell subsets of patients, has important clinical value.

Two-stage treatment with hepatectomy and carbon-ion radiotherapy for multiple hepatic epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas

Hepatic epithelioid hemangioendothelioma(HEH)is a rare neoplasm of vascular origin with variable malignant potential.Because most patients with this condition have multiple bilobar lesions,liver transplantation is the standard treatment,and hepatectomy is much less frequently indicated.We describe a case of a 35-yearold woman with unresectable multiple bilobar HEH successfully treated by combination treatment with hepatectomy and carbon-ion radiotherapy.This case is very meaningful since it demonstrated the effectiveness of carbon-ion radiotherapy for HEH and the possibility of expanding the curative treatment options for multiple bilobar hepatic tumors.

Technical advances in external radiotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma

Radiotherapy techniques have substantially improved in the last two decades. After the introduction of 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy, radiotherapy has been increasingly used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC). Currently, more advanced techniques, including intensity-modulated radiotherapy(IMRT), stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy(SABR), and charged particle therapy, are used for the treatment of HCC. IMRT can escalate the tumor dose while sparing the normal tissue even though the tumor is large or located near critical organs. SABR can deliver a very high radiation dose to small HCCs in a few fractions, leading to high local control rates of 84%-100%. Various advanced imaging modalities are used for radiotherapy planning and delivery to improve the precision of radiotherapy. These advanced techniques enable the delivery of high dose radiotherapy for early to advanced HCCs without increasing the radiation-induced toxicities. However, as there have been no effective tools for the prediction of the response to radiotherapy or recurrences within or outside the radiation field, future studies should focus on selecting the patients who will benefit from radiotherapy.

Surgical spacer placement and proton radiotherapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma

Few potentially curative treatment options exist apart from hepatic resection for patients with huge hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Proton radiotherapy is a promising new modality which has an inherent antitumor effect against HCC. However, the application of proton radiotherapy for tumors adjacent to the gastrointestinal tract is restricted because the tolerance dose of the intestine is extremely low. A novel two-step treatment was developed with surgical spacer placement and subsequent proton radiotherapy to administer proton radiotherapy with curative intent. This report presents a case of a patient with a huge unresectable HCC treated by this method who achieved disease-free survival of more than 2 years. This new strategy may potentially be an innovative and standard therapy for unresectable HCC in the near future.

Role of MR-DWI and MR-PWI in the radiotherapy of implanted pulmonary VX-2 carcinoma in rabbits

Objective： To detect the activity of tumor cells and tumor blood flow before and after the radiotherapy of implanted pulmonary VX-2 carcinoma in rabbit models by using magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging（MR-DWI） and magnetic resonance perfusion weighted imaging（MR-PWI）, and to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the radiotherapy based on the changes in the MR-DWI and MR-PWI parameters at different treatment stages.Methods： A total of 56 rabbit models with implanted pulmonary VX-2 carcinoma were established, and then equally divided into treatment group and control group. MR-DWI and MR-PWI were separately performed using a Philips Acheiva 1.5T MRI machine（Philips, Netherland）. MRI image processing was performed using special perfusion software and the WORKSPACE advanced workstation for MRI. MRDWI was applied for the observation of tumor signals and the measurement of apparent diffusion coefficient（ADC） values; whereas MR-PWI was used for the measurement of wash in rate（WIR）, wash out rate（WOR）, and maximum enhancement rate（MER）. The radiation treatment was performed using Siemens PRIMUS linear accelerator. In the treatment group, the radiotherapy was performed 21 days later on a once weekly dosage of 1,000 c Gy to yield a total dosage of 5,000 c Gy.Results： The ADC parameters in the region of interest on DWI were as follows： on the treatment day for the implanted pulmonary VX-2 carcinoma, the t values at the center and the edge of the lesions were 1.352 and 1.461 in the treatment group and control group（P〉0.05）. During weeks 0-1 after treatment, the t values at the center and the edge of the lesions were 1.336 and 1.137（P〉0.05）. During weeks 1-2, the t values were 1.731 and 1.736（P〈0.05）. During weeks 2-3, the t values were 1.742 and 1.749（P〈0.05）. During weeks 3-4, the t values were 2.050 and 2.127（P〈0.05）. During weeks 4-5, the t values were 2.764 and 2.985（P〈0.05）. The ADC values in the treatment group were significantly higher than in the control group. After the radiotherapy（5,000 c Gy）, the tumors remarkably shrank, along with low signal on DWI, decreased signal on ADC map, and remarkably increased ADC values. As shown on PWI, on the treatment day for the implanted pulmonary VX-2 carcinoma, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the center of the lesions were 1.05, 1.31, and 1.33 in the treatment group and control group（P〉0.05）; in addition, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the edge of the lesions were 1.35, 1.07, and 1.51（P〉0.05）. During weeks 0-1 after treatment, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the center of the lesions were 1.821, 1.856, and 1.931（P〈0.05）; in addition, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the edge of the lesions were 1.799, 2.016, and 2.137（P〈0.05）. During weeks 1-1 after treatment, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the center of the lesions were 2.574, 2.156, and 2.059（P〈0.05） and the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the edge of the lesions were 1.869, 2.058, and 2.057（P〈0.05）. During weeks 2-3 after treatment, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the center of the lesions were 2.461, 2.098, and 2.739（P〈0.05） and the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the edge of the lesions were 2.951, 2.625, and 2.154（P〈0.05）. During weeks 3-4 after treatment, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the center of the lesions were 2.584, 2.107, and 2.869（P〈0.05） and the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the edge of the lesions were 2.057, 2.637, and 2.951（P〈0.05）. During weeks 4-5 after treatment, the t values of the WIR, WOR, and MER at the center of the lesions were 2.894, 2.827, and 3.285（P〈0.05） and the t values of the WIR, WOR, andMER at the edge of the lesions were 3.45, 3.246, and 3.614（P〈0.05）. After the radiotherapy（500 c Gy）, the tumors shrank on the T1 WI, WIR, WOR, and MER; meanwhile, the PWI parameter gradually decreased and reached its minimum value.Conclusions： MR-DWI and MR-PWI can accurately and directly reflect the inactivation of tumor cells and the tumor hemodynamics in rabbit models with implanted pulmonary VX-2 carcinoma, and thus provide theoretical evidences for judging the clinical effectiveness of radiotherapy for the squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.

Two-dimensional particle-in-cell plasma source ion implantation of a prolate spheroid target

A two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation is used to study the time-dependent evolution of the sheath surrounding a prolate spheroid target during a high voltage pulse in plasma source ion implantation. Our study shows that the potential contour lines pack more closely in the plasma sheath near the vertex of the major axis, i.e. where a thinner sheath is formed, and a non-uniform total ion dose distribution is incident along the surface of the prolate spheroid target due to the focusing of ions by the potential structure. Ion focusing takes place not only at the vertex of the major axis, where dense potential contour lines exist, but also at the vertex of the minor axis, where sparse contour lines exist. This results in two peaks of the received ion dose, locating at the vertices of the major and minor axes of the prolate spheroid target, and an ion dose valley, staying always between the vertices, rather than at the vertex of the minor axis.

Radioactive ^125I seed implantation for locally advanced pancreatic cancer:A retrospective analysis of 50 cases

BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer is one of the common malignant tumors of the digestive system,and radical resection is the first choice of treatment for pancreatic cancer.If patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer cannot be treated in time and effectively,their disease often develops rapidly and their survival period is very short.AIM To evaluate the therapeutic effect of ^125I seed implantation in patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer.METHODS The demographics and perioperative outcomes of a consecutive series of patients who underwent ^125I seed implantation to treat locally advanced pancreatic cancer between January 1,2017 and June 30,2019 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the results of preoperative computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging,the treatment planning system was used to determine the area and number of ^125I seeds implanted.During the operation,^125I seeds were implanted into the tumor under the guidance of intraoperative ultrasound,with a spacing of 1.5 cm and a row spacing of 1.5 cm.For patients with obstructive jaundice and digestive tract obstruction,choledochojejunostomy and gastroenterostomy were performed simultaneously.After operation,the patients were divided into a non-chemotherapy group and a chemotherapy group that received gemcitabine combined with albumin-bound paclitaxel treatment.RESULTS Among the 50 patients,there were 29 males and 21 females,with a mean age of 56.9±9.8 years.The main reason for the failure of radical resection was superior mesenteric artery invasion(37,74%),followed by superior mesenteric vein invasion(33,66%).Twenty-one(62%)patients underwent palliative surgery and postoperative pain relief occurred in 40(80%)patients.The estimated blood loss in operation was 107.4±115.3 mL and none of the patient received blood transfusion.The postoperative hospital stay was 7.5±4.2 d;one patient had biliary fistula and three had pancreatic fistula,all of whom recovered after conservative treatment.After operation,26 patients received chemotherapy and 24 did not.The 1-year survival rate was significantly higher in patients who received chemotherapy than in those who did not(60.7%vs 35.9%,P=0.034).The mean overall survival of patients of the chemotherapy group and nonchemotherapy group was 14 and 11 mo,respectively(χ^2=3.970,P=0.046).CONCLUSION Radioactive ^125I seed implantation combined with postoperative chemotherapy can prolong the survival time,relieve pain,and improve the quality of life of patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

Emerging radiotherapy technologies and trends in nasopharyngeal cancer

AbTechnology has always driven advances in radiotherapy treatment.In this review,we describe the main technological advances in radiotherapy over the past decades for the treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer(NPC)and highlight some of the pressing issues and challenges that remain.We aim to identify emerging trends in radiation medicine.These include advances in personalized medicine and advanced imaging modalities,standardization of planning and delineation,assessment of treatment response and adaptive re-planning,impact of particle therapy,and role of artificial intelligence or automation in clinical care.In conclusion,we expect significant improvement in the therapeutic ratio of radiotherapy treatment for NPC over the next decade.

Radioactive 125I seed implantation for pancreatic cancer with unexpected liver metastasis:A preliminary experience with 26 patients

BACKGROUND Preoperative diagnosis rate of pancreatic cancer has increased year by year.The prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients with unexpected liver metastasis found by intraoperative exploration is very poor,and there is no effective and unified treatment strategy.AIM To evaluate the therapeutic effect of radioactive 125I seed implantation for pancreatic cancer patients with unexpected liver metastasis.METHODS The demographics and perioperative outcomes of patients who underwent 125I seed implantation to treat pancreatic cancer with unexpected liver metastasis between January 1,2017 and June 1,2019 were retrospectively analyzed.During the operation,125I seeds were implanted into the pancreatic tumor under the guidance of intraoperative ultrasound,with a spacing of 1.5 cm and a row spacing of 1.5 cm.For patients with obstructive jaundice and digestive tract obstruction,choledochojejunostomy and gastroenterostomy were performed simultaneously.After operation,the patients were divided into a non-chemotherapy group and a chemotherapy group that received gemcitabine combined with albumin-bound paclitaxel treatment.RESULTS Preoperative imaging evaluation of all patients in this study showed that the tumor was resectable without liver metastasis.There were 26 patients in this study,including 18 males and 8 females,aged 60.5±9.7 years.The most common tumor site was the pancreatic head(17,65.4%),followed by the pancreatic neck and body(6,23.2%)and pancreatic tail(3,11.4%).Fourteen patients(53.8%)underwent palliative surgery and postoperative pain relief occurred in 22 patients(84.6%).The estimated blood loss in operation was 148.3±282.1 mL and one patient received blood transfusion.The postoperative hospital stay was 7.6±2.8 d.One patient had biliary fistula,one had pancreatic fistula,and all recovered after conservative treatment.After operation,7 patients received chemotherapy and 19 did not.The 1-year survival rate was significantly higher in patients who received chemotherapy than in those who did not(68.6%vs 15.8%,P=0.012).The mean overall survival of patients in the chemotherapy group and non-chemotherapy group was 16.3 mo and 10 mo,respectively(χ2=7.083,P=0.008).CONCLUSION Radioactive 125I seed implantation combined with postoperative chemotherapy can prolong the survival time and relieve pain of pancreatic cancer patients with unexpected liver metastasis.

脂多糖和钛颗粒对种植体周围组织中巨噬细胞M1/M2极化的诱导作用

背景:随着种植技术的普及,种植体周围炎的发病率逐年升高,但其病因机制尚不明确。而高度可塑的巨噬细胞在微环境刺激下可极化为M1型和M2型,分别发挥促炎和抗炎作用,在种植体周围组织中发挥宿主防御、免疫应答和维持内环境稳态的重要作用,M1/M2巨噬细胞极化趋势与植体周围异物反应平衡息息相关。目的:脂多糖和钛颗粒是引起种植体周围炎的重要致病因素,文章探究其对种植体周围组织中巨噬细胞极化的诱导作用。方法:以“种植体周围炎、巨噬细胞极化、脂多糖和钛颗粒、macrophage polarization、peri-implant inflammation、peri-implantitis、LPS、TLRs、NF-κB等”为关键词在CNKI和PubMed数据库中分别进行检索,对相关文献进行筛选和整理,分析脂多糖、钛颗粒对种植体周围组织中巨噬细胞M1/M2极化的诱导作用和相关机制。结果与结论:①脂多糖和钛颗粒可能通过Toll样受体/核因子κB等相关信号通路诱导植周组织中巨噬细胞极化,引起M1/M2极化失衡从而影响种植体周围炎的发生和进展,部分药物也可通过Toll样受体/核因子κB信号通路调控巨噬细胞M1/M2极化来治疗相关炎性疾病。②通过分析脂多糖、钛颗粒对种植体周围组织中巨噬细胞M1/M2极化的诱导作用,进一步阐述其调控Toll样受体/核因子κB信号通路诱导巨噬细胞极化的作用机制,以期为种植体周围炎的免疫防治研究提供一些新的思路和策略。

Assessment of Spinal Tumor Treatment Using Implanted 3D-Printed Vertebral Bodies with Robotic Stereotactic Radiotherapy

To investigate the feasibility and early efficacy of 3D-printed vertebral body implantation combined with robotic radiosurgery in the treatment of spinal tumors.This study included 14 patients with spinal tumors from December 2017 to June 2018.Before surgery,all patients were subjected to CT scan and 3D data of the corresponding vertebral segments were collected.Titanium alloy formed 3D-printed vertebral body implantation and robotic stereotactic radiotherapy were performed because of the risk of postoperative residual,high risk of recovery,or recurrence after surgery.The main outcomes included the remission of symptoms,vertebral body stability,robotic stereotactic surgical precision,and local tumor control.All patients received complete and successful combination therapy,and all healed primarily without complications.The error of the coverage accuracy for robotic radiosurgery was less than 0.5 mm,and the error of the rotation angle was less than 0.5
.The therapeutic toxicity was limited(mainly in grades 1–2),and adverse events were uncommon.The evaluation of vertebral body stability and histocompatibility for all patients met the postoperative clinical requirements.For patients with post spinal injury,the pain symptoms were reduced or disappeared(93%),and nerve function was improved or even recovered after treatment(100%).During our follow-up period,most tumors were locally well controlled(93%).3D-printed vertebral body implantation combined with robotic radiosurgery may offer a new treatment of spinal tumors.Chinese clinical trial registry:ChiCTR-ONN-17013946.

粒子放射治疗的进展

随着医学技术的不断进步,粒子放射治疗已成为肿瘤治疗领域的一个重要分支。该文综述了粒子放射治疗的最新进展,包括质子、碳离子、中子及其他重离子放射治疗的研究和应用,探讨了这些技术的发展历史、技术优势、临床应用及面临的挑战和未来发展方向。粒子放射治疗利用高能粒子束精准照射肿瘤组织,以其独特的物理和生物学特性,在提高治疗效果的同时减少对周围健康组织的损伤。该文从技术发展和临床应用的角度出发,重点叙述了质子放射治疗的布拉格峰特性、碳离子放射治疗的高传能线密度优势、中子放射治疗特别是硼中子俘获疗法的新兴应用,以及其他重离子治疗的潜力和挑战。尽管粒子放射治疗技术取得了长足的进步,但仍面临成本高、技术复杂、剂量计算不确定性等挑战。未来的研究需要聚焦于加强治疗的精准性、降低成本、优化治疗方案,并探索粒子治疗与其他治疗手段如免疫疗法、靶向疗法的联合应用,以期实现更好的治疗效果和改善患者生存质量。随着技术的不断进步和临床试验的深入,粒子放射治疗有望在未来肿瘤治疗中扮演更加重要的角色。

左上腭腺样囊性癌复发并发腭部大出血救治1例及文献回顾

目的探讨多学科诊疗(multi-disciplinary treatment,MDT)在上腭腺样囊性癌(adenoid cystic carcinoma,ACC)复发转移的诊疗及并发腭部大出血的救治中的应用,为晚期口腔癌患者的诊疗及大出血的救治提供参考。方法报道1例左上腭腺样囊性癌手术及放疗后颅底复发及肺部转移的患者、并发腭部大出血时多学科救治的过程,并结合相关文献对ACC复发伴大出血患者进行分析。患者为36岁女性,左腭部ACC,2013年初诊时临床分期为T3N0M0。患者接受腭部病损扩大切除术,随后在放射治疗计划系统(treatment planning system,TPS)及数字化导板引导下行放射性粒子125I植入治疗。术后持续随访4年,期间未见肿瘤复发。随访至第5年时,患者出现复发并肺转移(T4N0M1)。经口腔颌面外科、放疗科、肿瘤内科、胸外科多学科会诊,患者接受了“左侧上颌骨次全切术+自体游离皮瓣移植+胸腔镜下肺转移灶切除”手术。术后患者接受60 Gy剂量的放疗,并口服靶向药物盐酸安罗替尼胶囊,以控制肿瘤生长。继续随访31个月时,患者主诉口腔内偶有轻微渗血。颅颌面CT提示肿瘤侵袭性生长,破坏颅底,患者再次入院,入院第2天突发口腔大出血,床旁压迫止血仍渗血不止,紧急气管切开以解除患者呼吸道梗阻,输注红细胞悬液,以纠正失血性休克。经血管介入外科紧急会诊,紧急采用超选择介导栓塞术进一步止血,实现快速有效的血管闭塞,并在MDT下制定术后补充放疗、靶向免疫药物以控制肿瘤的个体化治疗计划。结果通过MDT模式的高效协作,成功实现了为患者紧急止血,恢复正常生命体征;经补充放疗及免疫靶向药物的治疗,有效控制了肿瘤进展,患者的生活质量得以改善,截止2024年7月,已成功实现带瘤生存129个月。回顾相关文献表明,MDT在ACC的诊治过程中展现出显著优势。在手术方式选择方面,MDT团队可以综合考虑患者的年龄、身体状况、肿瘤的位置、大小以及侵犯范围等因素,制定个性化的治疗计划。根治性手术切除是ACC常用的治疗方案。术后的组织缺损可以通过自体组织重建,如腓骨肌皮瓣、髂骨肌皮瓣等,或植入人工材料等手段来恢复相应的功能和美观。对于切缘阳性、复发及转移等复杂情况,MDT模式通过跨学科协作,制定包括再次手术、放疗、化疗在内的综合治疗方案,旨在降低ACC的复发风险和控制远处转移。晚期口腔癌引起的大量出血是一种复杂的医疗挑战,涉及的风险因素包括肿瘤类型、转移情况、治疗方案以及患者的全身状况等。早期识别出血风险,通过支持性护理、内科治疗、外科干预和介入治疗等方法,减轻出血对疾病进展的负面影响,有益于改善患者的生活质量。结论MDT模式为晚期口腔癌伴大出血患者提供全面、精准、个性化的治疗方案,有效提高治疗策略的有效性。

Study on Particle Dose Distributions in Carbon-ion Pencil Beam

In heavy ion radiotherapy,secondary particles impact not only on physical dose but also on biological effective dose due to different radiation qualities contributed from different secondary particles.Therefore,it is necessary to comprehend the constitutions of carbon-ion pencil beam along its penetration.

COMPUTATIONAL SCHEME FOR SIMULATING PLASMA DYNAM-ICS DURING PLASMA-IMMERSION ION IMPLANTATION

Plasma-immersion ion implantation (PIII) is a technique for implanting ions into conducting, semiconducting and insulating objects. In PIII, the object being treated is immersed in a plasma and pulsed to a large negative voltage (=-1 to-100 kV). The resulting sheath expands into the ambient plasma, extracting ions and accelerating them to the target. PIII has advantages over beam-line implantation in that large surfaces can be rapidly implanted, irregularly-shaped objects can be implanted without target manipulation, and surfaces that are not line-of-sight accessible can be treated. A two-dimensional, self-consistent model of plasma dynamics appropriate for PIII is described. The model is a hybrid, with Boltzmann electrons and kinetic ions, where the ion Vlasov equation is solved using the particle-in-cell (PIC) method. Solutions of the model give the time dependence of the ion flux, energy and impact angle at the target surface, together with the evolution of the sheath.

氢离子注入钽酸锂的翘曲变化及颗粒研究

声表面波(SAW)滤波器急需使用高质量的钽酸锂压电单晶复合薄膜衬底材料来提升性能。离子注入后,晶圆翘曲增大,颗粒增加,键合工艺易产生不规则条纹和键合空洞等缺陷,严重阻碍高质量钽酸锂压电单晶复合薄膜材料的制备。通过X线衍射(XRD)、聚焦离子束透射电镜(FIB-TEM)及颗粒测试仪等设备对注入内部应力、损伤和颗粒变化进行分析表征,解释了翘曲增大和颗粒增多的原因,并提出了相应的解决方法,最后成功制备了翘曲低、颗粒少的注入晶圆。通过键合工艺进一步验证,获得了无条纹和空洞等缺陷的高质量键合晶圆,为钽酸锂压电单晶复合薄膜的高效制备奠定了基础。

乳腺癌保乳术后应用3D技术填充瘤腔进行适形放疗的临床研究

目的探究乳腺癌保乳术后应用3D技术填充瘤腔进行适形放疗的靶区剂量、不良反应及美容度。方法选择2021年1月至2022年12月西安交通大学第一附属医院收治的48例乳腺癌患者,按照手术不同分为3D技术填充瘤腔组(24例)及对照组(24例)。全部患者均开展乳腺癌根治手术治疗,仅保乳方式不同,术后实施强度调控适形放射治疗计划下的加速部分乳腺照射。结果应用3D技术填充瘤腔保乳术后放疗的适形度指数及均匀性指数均明显高于常规保乳术后放疗(P<0.05)。3D技术填充瘤腔保乳术后放疗的肺及心脏危及器官剂量(平均剂量),肺的V 5、V 10、V 20、V 30、V 40及V 50均显著低于常规保乳术后放疗组(P<0.05)。2组患者的皮肤损伤、心律失常、骨髓抑制及消化道反应发生率差异无统计学意义。3D技术填充瘤腔保乳术后组患者的美容度要显著优于常规保乳术后患者(P<0.05)。结论乳腺癌保乳术后应用3D技术填充瘤腔显著增强乳腺的美容度,且不影响放疗的安全及有效性。

离子注入过程中的颗粒污染来源及管控措施

离子注入作为半导体制造中的关键工艺之一,其工艺过程中产生的颗粒污染已经成为影响器件性能和成品率的重要因素。通过分析离子注入工艺过程中颗粒污染的种类和来源,阐述了工艺过程中预防和管控颗粒污染的措施,并通过对比试验,分析了注入过程中扫描次数、定向台定向、机械手传片、片库抽泄真空和靶台压盖升降对圆片表面颗粒的影响程度,为离子注入过程中的颗粒污染控制提供依据和建议。

经皮放射性粒子植入护理全程管理专家共识

随着精准医疗的兴起与发展,经皮放射性粒子植入治疗已被广泛应用于多种恶性肿瘤的治疗。目前,我国已形成了具有中国特色的粒子植入治疗临床标准化技术,但我国粒子植入治疗护理尚缺乏统一的实践标准。为推进和规范粒子植入治疗护理工作,加强质量控制,粒子植入治疗护理全程管理专家共识组组织了放射医学、核医学、肿瘤学、循证医学和护理学等领域专家,借鉴国内外专家共识和最新研究,参照相关法律法规和标准,结合我国临床现状,起草制订本共识。本共识包括护士准入资质与培训要求、术前护理、术中护理、术后护理和出院指导与随访5个部分,通过在粒子植入治疗临床护理质量管理和放射防护质量控制2个方面进行规范,解决粒子植入治疗全程护理领域的关键问题,以提高治疗效果,保障患者和护理人员的安全。