Purpose Our purpose was to compare the difference between hot-air dried American ginseng(HDAG)(Panacis Quinquefolii Radix)and freeze-dried American ginseng(FDAG)(Panacis Quinquefolii Radix)and provide a better drying ...Purpose Our purpose was to compare the difference between hot-air dried American ginseng(HDAG)(Panacis Quinquefolii Radix)and freeze-dried American ginseng(FDAG)(Panacis Quinquefolii Radix)and provide a better drying approach for improv-ing the quality of American ginseng(Panacis Quinquefolii Radix).Methods In our present study,we compared the appearance features of HDAG and FDAG using a CR-410 colorimeter and scanning electron microscopy.Furthermore,we qualitatively and quantitatively determined ginsenosides in HDAG and FDAG by using UPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap-MS/MS and high-performance liquid chromatography.Results Our present results showed that compared to the hot-air drying method,freeze-drying(FD)has obvious advantages in not only good appearances but also higher bioactive constituents for drying the American ginseng(Panacis Quinquefolii Radix).Conclusion FD is beneficial for the retention of ginsenosides in American ginseng(Panacis Quinquefolii Radix)and also helpful for maintaining the bioactive effects of this functional food.展开更多
American ginseng(Panax Quinquefolium L),also known as Xi Yang Shen(西洋参 Radix Panacis Quinquefolii),is indigenous to the United States and Canada.Its discovery in the 1700s paved the way for international trade,whic...American ginseng(Panax Quinquefolium L),also known as Xi Yang Shen(西洋参 Radix Panacis Quinquefolii),is indigenous to the United States and Canada.Its discovery in the 1700s paved the way for international trade,which boosted the economy of the New World and helped build commercial ties between the US and China.Due to its therapeutic effects,the demand for American ginseng grew steadily,eventually causing the volume of wild ginseng to dwindle.As a result,laws and regulations were introduced requiring farmers and exporters to engage in harvesting practices that would preserve wild American ginseng.Nowadays,wild American ginseng is considered an endangered and protected species.This article discusses the history,properties,and applications of American ginseng to optimize its use and protection.展开更多
目的:比较研究不同产地黄苠、人参、西洋参中甲氰菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、溴氰菊酯农药的残留量。方法:收集不同地区流通品种,规范化 GAP 基地种植、一般种植及野生的药材,用石油醚-丙酮混合溶剂提取和固相萃取(SPE)小...目的:比较研究不同产地黄苠、人参、西洋参中甲氰菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、溴氰菊酯农药的残留量。方法:收集不同地区流通品种,规范化 GAP 基地种植、一般种植及野生的药材,用石油醚-丙酮混合溶剂提取和固相萃取(SPE)小柱净化,用毛细管气相色谱法测定,电子捕获检测器(ECD)检测,根据色谱峰的保留时间定性,外标法定量。结果:被测样品中,黄芪检出了微量氯氰菊酯,个别样品检出了微量甲氰菊酯,均未超标;人参检出了微量氯氰菊酯,个别样品检出了微量溴氰菊酯;西洋参检出了微量氯氰菊酯,个别样品检出了微量氯氟氰菊酯和氰戊菊酯,均未超标。结论:可能药材种植过程中农药使用情况不同,不同药材农药残留量存在一定差异。展开更多
基金the Sichuan Huotai Pharmaceutical Co.,Ltd under Grant(20200601-1).
文摘Purpose Our purpose was to compare the difference between hot-air dried American ginseng(HDAG)(Panacis Quinquefolii Radix)and freeze-dried American ginseng(FDAG)(Panacis Quinquefolii Radix)and provide a better drying approach for improv-ing the quality of American ginseng(Panacis Quinquefolii Radix).Methods In our present study,we compared the appearance features of HDAG and FDAG using a CR-410 colorimeter and scanning electron microscopy.Furthermore,we qualitatively and quantitatively determined ginsenosides in HDAG and FDAG by using UPLC-Q Exactive Orbitrap-MS/MS and high-performance liquid chromatography.Results Our present results showed that compared to the hot-air drying method,freeze-drying(FD)has obvious advantages in not only good appearances but also higher bioactive constituents for drying the American ginseng(Panacis Quinquefolii Radix).Conclusion FD is beneficial for the retention of ginsenosides in American ginseng(Panacis Quinquefolii Radix)and also helpful for maintaining the bioactive effects of this functional food.
基金By grants from the project of Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2019GJ170)International Cooperation Department,National A dm inistration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.GZYYGJ2020003).
文摘American ginseng(Panax Quinquefolium L),also known as Xi Yang Shen(西洋参 Radix Panacis Quinquefolii),is indigenous to the United States and Canada.Its discovery in the 1700s paved the way for international trade,which boosted the economy of the New World and helped build commercial ties between the US and China.Due to its therapeutic effects,the demand for American ginseng grew steadily,eventually causing the volume of wild ginseng to dwindle.As a result,laws and regulations were introduced requiring farmers and exporters to engage in harvesting practices that would preserve wild American ginseng.Nowadays,wild American ginseng is considered an endangered and protected species.This article discusses the history,properties,and applications of American ginseng to optimize its use and protection.
文摘目的:比较研究不同产地黄苠、人参、西洋参中甲氰菊酯、氯氟氰菊酯、氯氰菊酯、氰戊菊酯、溴氰菊酯农药的残留量。方法:收集不同地区流通品种,规范化 GAP 基地种植、一般种植及野生的药材,用石油醚-丙酮混合溶剂提取和固相萃取(SPE)小柱净化,用毛细管气相色谱法测定,电子捕获检测器(ECD)检测,根据色谱峰的保留时间定性,外标法定量。结果:被测样品中,黄芪检出了微量氯氰菊酯,个别样品检出了微量甲氰菊酯,均未超标;人参检出了微量氯氰菊酯,个别样品检出了微量溴氰菊酯;西洋参检出了微量氯氰菊酯,个别样品检出了微量氯氟氰菊酯和氰戊菊酯,均未超标。结论:可能药材种植过程中农药使用情况不同,不同药材农药残留量存在一定差异。
