By using the data which included the conventional weather chart,the satellite cloud image,the regional automatic meteorological station and the new generation of weather radar,the regional strong precipitation process...By using the data which included the conventional weather chart,the satellite cloud image,the regional automatic meteorological station and the new generation of weather radar,the regional strong precipitation process which happened in Shandong Province during July 8-9 in 2009 was analyzed comprehensively.The results showed that Shandong Province was in the strong convergence zone of atmospheric vorticity in the low layer and the ascent zone of vertical velocity.The shear line was generated in the eastward process of northwest vortex,and the ground inverted trough extended to Shandong,which provided the dynamic condition for the formation of rainstorm.The coupling of jet stream in the high-low altitude enhanced the development of convection.The low-altitude jet stream was the main water vapor transportation channel,which provided the water vapor condition for the generation of rainstorm.The water vapor was mainly from the South China Sea and the Bay of Bengal.展开更多
By using NCEP reanalysis data and the routine observation data,a rainstorm and convective weather process which occurred in Tianjin was analyzed.The results showed that the rainstorm occurred in the favorable large sc...By using NCEP reanalysis data and the routine observation data,a rainstorm and convective weather process which occurred in Tianjin was analyzed.The results showed that the rainstorm occurred in the favorable large scale circulation background.The sounding analysis and the physical quantity field analysis could reveal the plentiful water vapor supply condition.The rainstorm had the obvious concomitance relationship with the low level jet.Meanwhile,the existence of warm ridge on the ground was the important condition of convective weather occurrence.展开更多
Using NCEP 1° × 1° reanalysis data within 6 h, conventional observational data, data from regional automatic rainfall stations, satellite cloud pictures and Doppler radar data, we compared the physical ...Using NCEP 1° × 1° reanalysis data within 6 h, conventional observational data, data from regional automatic rainfall stations, satellite cloud pictures and Doppler radar data, we compared the physical conditions, dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics of two rainstorms in the southwest of Hunan Province on May 12 and June 15 in 2011. The results showed that the first process was triggered by strong cold air under unstable potential, while the second process was caused by shear line appearing from the east; during the first process, cold air divided into many parts and moved towards south, rainfall was uniform and lasted for a long time, while rainfall was relatively concentrated and strong, and lasted for a short time during the second process; the peak of K index appeared only during the second process; no sign of heavy rainfall was found from satellite cloud pictures and radar echo pictures during the first process, while obvious cloud cluster and echo ribbons could be found from satellite cloud pictures and radar echo pictures during the second process, which were the sign of heavy rainfall; slow movement of echo or little movement resulted in the second rainstorm, and constant echo intensity was the main reason for the occurrence of the second rainstorm. In addition, there was low-level southwest jet during the two processes, which provided favorable conditions for the transportation of water vapor and energy during the two processes. However, there was a great difference between the two rainstorms in the intensity and thickness of low-level jet, that is, the intensity and thickness of low-level jet during the first process were obviously weaker than these during the second process.展开更多
利用常规观测资料、雷达回波资料、TBB卫星资料,WRF模式模拟输出的高时空分辨率结果对发生在2012年7月29-30日("7·29")宁夏北部地区的一次大暴雨过程的维持和演变进行详细分析。主要结论如下:(1)此次大暴雨过程与200 h P...利用常规观测资料、雷达回波资料、TBB卫星资料,WRF模式模拟输出的高时空分辨率结果对发生在2012年7月29-30日("7·29")宁夏北部地区的一次大暴雨过程的维持和演变进行详细分析。主要结论如下:(1)此次大暴雨过程与200 h Pa高空急流、500 h Pa短波槽及700 h Pa切变线发展和变化密切相关。(2)模式结果显示700 h Pa低涡及暖式切变线、低空急流形成是大暴雨形成的主要原因之一;低空急流从29日22:00形成,维持近7 h。(3)分析发现高层辐散明显早于低层的空气辐合,在低层空气辐合中心出现之后高空辐散继续加强,高空强辐散和低空强辐合导致明显的上升及700 h Pa低空急流形成和发展。(4)诊断分析显示ΔNBE的范围与1 h后强降水的落区有很好的对应关系,对流性降水阶段ΔNBE较大,不平衡特征明显,而在稳定性降水阶段大气质量场和流场之间的不平衡特征相对较小。(5)对此次暴雨的水汽输送分析表明水汽主要由偏南风低空急流输送,净水汽输送强度的变化与对流性降水阶段和稳定性降水阶段较为吻合。展开更多
为分析2012年1月13—15日广西暴雨过程的水汽来源、急流的输送作用和水汽饱和程度等特征,使用天气学分析和动力诊断的方法分析NCEP/NCAR 1°×1°再分析资料、红外云图等资料。结果表明：孟加拉湾和南海是本次暴雨过程的2...为分析2012年1月13—15日广西暴雨过程的水汽来源、急流的输送作用和水汽饱和程度等特征,使用天气学分析和动力诊断的方法分析NCEP/NCAR 1°×1°再分析资料、红外云图等资料。结果表明：孟加拉湾和南海是本次暴雨过程的2个水汽源地,500～700 h Pa中低空西南急流的建立和加强使孟加拉湾成为主要水源地,加强了暴雨区的水汽供应。而这支急流的维持依赖于200 h Pa加强的副热带锋区西风急流入口区南侧的强辐散作用。不同源地的水汽输送高度不同,水汽通量中心出现在700 h Pa。600 h Pa以下为水汽通量辐合层,700～850 h Pa辐合强度远大于925～1000 h Pa;水汽通量中心在暴雨区的上风方,水汽辐合中心在水汽通量中心沿气流去向的一侧,700～850 h Pa叠加的辐合中心处即为暴雨区,辐合高度的升高、湿层剧烈向上扩展都可作为暴雨征兆。以上分析得出了冬季暴雨过程中水汽条件的形成机制,得出预报着眼点,对提高此类暴雨预报准确率有较大作用。展开更多
2015年4月15—17日北疆和南疆东部出现了一场较强的暴雨过程,此次暴雨是在中亚低涡减弱成槽分裂短波、北方有冷空气补充的大尺度环流背景下产生的。观测分析显示,卫星云图相当黑体亮温TBB<-42℃区域可能出现中等强度降水、TBB<-5...2015年4月15—17日北疆和南疆东部出现了一场较强的暴雨过程,此次暴雨是在中亚低涡减弱成槽分裂短波、北方有冷空气补充的大尺度环流背景下产生的。观测分析显示,卫星云图相当黑体亮温TBB<-42℃区域可能出现中等强度降水、TBB<-52℃时最大小时雨强可能大于7 mm·h^(-1);乌鲁木齐风廓线雷达的反射率因子产品在大于20 d Bz的强回波出现后的30 min左右雨强增大。分析得出,水汽输送主要出现在临近暴雨前6~12 h的低层700—850 h Pa,而最大水汽通量值12 g·(cm·h Pa·s)^(-1)出现在850 h Pa,乌鲁木齐暴雨前期,出现低空急流后,5 min雨强增强,但中后期降雨强度主要取决于低空急流和中层大风速带携带的水汽及辐合抬升的强度。本文最后讨论了中国气象局沙漠气象研究所的区域数值预报模式、ECWMF和T639对这次暴雨过程的预报。展开更多
[Objective] The aim was to analyze one disastrous snowstorm process.[Method] By dint of routine data of weather,snowstorm process in Benxi which occurred from 08:00 on December 4,2009 to 08:00 on December 5 in 2009 wa...[Objective] The aim was to analyze one disastrous snowstorm process.[Method] By dint of routine data of weather,snowstorm process in Benxi which occurred from 08:00 on December 4,2009 to 08:00 on December 5 in 2009 was expounded from weather situation and numerical forecast aspects.[Result] North China cyclone supplied sufficient water vapor for this process in Bohai and Huanghai;the middle and low layer convergence of convective layer and high latitude divergence formed strong upward movement to supply favorable stimulation for the generation of this snowstorm.The strong precipitation occurred within 850 hPa vortex and 200 hPa flux large value zone.[Conclusion] The 850 hPa vortex,200 hPa flux,strength of temperature advection and transition position of warm and cold had fine direction function on the intensity and location of precipitation.展开更多
文摘By using the data which included the conventional weather chart,the satellite cloud image,the regional automatic meteorological station and the new generation of weather radar,the regional strong precipitation process which happened in Shandong Province during July 8-9 in 2009 was analyzed comprehensively.The results showed that Shandong Province was in the strong convergence zone of atmospheric vorticity in the low layer and the ascent zone of vertical velocity.The shear line was generated in the eastward process of northwest vortex,and the ground inverted trough extended to Shandong,which provided the dynamic condition for the formation of rainstorm.The coupling of jet stream in the high-low altitude enhanced the development of convection.The low-altitude jet stream was the main water vapor transportation channel,which provided the water vapor condition for the generation of rainstorm.The water vapor was mainly from the South China Sea and the Bay of Bengal.
基金Supported by The Science Research Item of Civil Aviation North China Air Management Bureau(201012)
文摘By using NCEP reanalysis data and the routine observation data,a rainstorm and convective weather process which occurred in Tianjin was analyzed.The results showed that the rainstorm occurred in the favorable large scale circulation background.The sounding analysis and the physical quantity field analysis could reveal the plentiful water vapor supply condition.The rainstorm had the obvious concomitance relationship with the low level jet.Meanwhile,the existence of warm ridge on the ground was the important condition of convective weather occurrence.
文摘Using NCEP 1° × 1° reanalysis data within 6 h, conventional observational data, data from regional automatic rainfall stations, satellite cloud pictures and Doppler radar data, we compared the physical conditions, dynamic and thermodynamic characteristics of two rainstorms in the southwest of Hunan Province on May 12 and June 15 in 2011. The results showed that the first process was triggered by strong cold air under unstable potential, while the second process was caused by shear line appearing from the east; during the first process, cold air divided into many parts and moved towards south, rainfall was uniform and lasted for a long time, while rainfall was relatively concentrated and strong, and lasted for a short time during the second process; the peak of K index appeared only during the second process; no sign of heavy rainfall was found from satellite cloud pictures and radar echo pictures during the first process, while obvious cloud cluster and echo ribbons could be found from satellite cloud pictures and radar echo pictures during the second process, which were the sign of heavy rainfall; slow movement of echo or little movement resulted in the second rainstorm, and constant echo intensity was the main reason for the occurrence of the second rainstorm. In addition, there was low-level southwest jet during the two processes, which provided favorable conditions for the transportation of water vapor and energy during the two processes. However, there was a great difference between the two rainstorms in the intensity and thickness of low-level jet, that is, the intensity and thickness of low-level jet during the first process were obviously weaker than these during the second process.
文摘利用常规观测资料、雷达回波资料、TBB卫星资料,WRF模式模拟输出的高时空分辨率结果对发生在2012年7月29-30日("7·29")宁夏北部地区的一次大暴雨过程的维持和演变进行详细分析。主要结论如下:(1)此次大暴雨过程与200 h Pa高空急流、500 h Pa短波槽及700 h Pa切变线发展和变化密切相关。(2)模式结果显示700 h Pa低涡及暖式切变线、低空急流形成是大暴雨形成的主要原因之一;低空急流从29日22:00形成,维持近7 h。(3)分析发现高层辐散明显早于低层的空气辐合,在低层空气辐合中心出现之后高空辐散继续加强,高空强辐散和低空强辐合导致明显的上升及700 h Pa低空急流形成和发展。(4)诊断分析显示ΔNBE的范围与1 h后强降水的落区有很好的对应关系,对流性降水阶段ΔNBE较大,不平衡特征明显,而在稳定性降水阶段大气质量场和流场之间的不平衡特征相对较小。(5)对此次暴雨的水汽输送分析表明水汽主要由偏南风低空急流输送,净水汽输送强度的变化与对流性降水阶段和稳定性降水阶段较为吻合。
文摘为分析2012年1月13—15日广西暴雨过程的水汽来源、急流的输送作用和水汽饱和程度等特征,使用天气学分析和动力诊断的方法分析NCEP/NCAR 1°×1°再分析资料、红外云图等资料。结果表明：孟加拉湾和南海是本次暴雨过程的2个水汽源地,500～700 h Pa中低空西南急流的建立和加强使孟加拉湾成为主要水源地,加强了暴雨区的水汽供应。而这支急流的维持依赖于200 h Pa加强的副热带锋区西风急流入口区南侧的强辐散作用。不同源地的水汽输送高度不同,水汽通量中心出现在700 h Pa。600 h Pa以下为水汽通量辐合层,700～850 h Pa辐合强度远大于925～1000 h Pa;水汽通量中心在暴雨区的上风方,水汽辐合中心在水汽通量中心沿气流去向的一侧,700～850 h Pa叠加的辐合中心处即为暴雨区,辐合高度的升高、湿层剧烈向上扩展都可作为暴雨征兆。以上分析得出了冬季暴雨过程中水汽条件的形成机制,得出预报着眼点,对提高此类暴雨预报准确率有较大作用。
文摘2015年4月15—17日北疆和南疆东部出现了一场较强的暴雨过程,此次暴雨是在中亚低涡减弱成槽分裂短波、北方有冷空气补充的大尺度环流背景下产生的。观测分析显示,卫星云图相当黑体亮温TBB<-42℃区域可能出现中等强度降水、TBB<-52℃时最大小时雨强可能大于7 mm·h^(-1);乌鲁木齐风廓线雷达的反射率因子产品在大于20 d Bz的强回波出现后的30 min左右雨强增大。分析得出,水汽输送主要出现在临近暴雨前6~12 h的低层700—850 h Pa,而最大水汽通量值12 g·(cm·h Pa·s)^(-1)出现在850 h Pa,乌鲁木齐暴雨前期,出现低空急流后,5 min雨强增强,但中后期降雨强度主要取决于低空急流和中层大风速带携带的水汽及辐合抬升的强度。本文最后讨论了中国气象局沙漠气象研究所的区域数值预报模式、ECWMF和T639对这次暴雨过程的预报。
文摘[Objective] The aim was to analyze one disastrous snowstorm process.[Method] By dint of routine data of weather,snowstorm process in Benxi which occurred from 08:00 on December 4,2009 to 08:00 on December 5 in 2009 was expounded from weather situation and numerical forecast aspects.[Result] North China cyclone supplied sufficient water vapor for this process in Bohai and Huanghai;the middle and low layer convergence of convective layer and high latitude divergence formed strong upward movement to supply favorable stimulation for the generation of this snowstorm.The strong precipitation occurred within 850 hPa vortex and 200 hPa flux large value zone.[Conclusion] The 850 hPa vortex,200 hPa flux,strength of temperature advection and transition position of warm and cold had fine direction function on the intensity and location of precipitation.
