Shaoma Zhijing granule for children with tic disorders: A rapid health technology assessment

Objective:To rapidly assess the effectiveness,safety,economy,and applicability of Shaoma Zhijing granule(SZG)for the treatment of children with tic disorders(TD),and provide currently available best evidence for decision-makers of health policies.Methods:We conducted a rapid health technology assessment(RHTA)to explore the value of SZG.A systematic literature search in eight literature databases and on three clinical trial registration platforms was performed.The literature was screened according to eligibility criteria.The screening process and data extraction were conducted by two reviewers,and the quality of the literature was also assessed.The results were summarized,analyzed,and presented in tables or figures.Results:A total of five randomized controlled trials(RCTs)were included in this study,of which one was published in English(in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry)and four in Chinese journals.The overall risk of bias for the five RCTs was evaluated as“some concerns.”SZG monotherapy or in combi-nation with tiapride was better than tiapride alone in improving traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)syndromes and tic symptoms,with a daily cost of¥67.50e107.22.Adverse events were mainly related to the digestive,respiratory,and neurological systems,but all were mild.Conclusion:Overall,the current RHTA of published,peer-reviewed literature has located a small body of evidence evaluating the use of SZG for the treatment of TD in children.SZG has effects on improving TCM syndromes and tic symptoms;the daily cost is¥67.50e107.22;and all adverse events are mild.High-quality studies with long-term follow-up should be conducted,so as to provide local evidence and consistently guide and improve scientific decision-making.

Research on Nanofabrication Technology of Micro-/Nano-Stereo Rapid Prototyping of PCVD

At present, the most common micro/nano-scale fabri ca tion processes include the plane silicon process based on IC technology, stereo silicon process, LIGA, quasi-LIGA based on near ultra violet deep lithography, MEMS, energy beam etching and micro/nano-machining, etc. A common problem for t hese processes is the difficulty to fabricate arbitrary form for 3-dimensional micro/nano-parts, devices or mechanisms. To develop advanced MEMS manufacturin g technology, and to achieve fabrication of true 3-dimensional parts, devices or mechanisms, this paper proposes a nanofabrication technology for rapid proto typing of 3-dimensional parts, using plasma chemical vapor deposition (PCVD). This process can be describes as follows: A laser beam is produced by a low power, quasi molecule laser. It enters the vac uum chamber through a window, and is focused on with the substrate surface. A ga s in the chamber is ionized by the laser beam to produce PCVD on the substrate s urface, and forms a particle of the size of Ф100 nm (its thickness is about 100 nm). When the laser beam moves along X-axis, many particles form a line. Then the laser beam moves one step in Y-axis to form a new line. A plane is complete d by many lines. Then the substrate moves in Z-axis to form new plane. Eventu ally, many planes form a 3-dimensional component. Using available CAD/CAM softw are with this process, rapid prototyping of complex components can be achieved. A nanometer precision linear motor, such as that described in Chinese national p atent (patent No. ZL 98 2 16753.9), can be used to obtain the nanometer precisio n movements in the process. The process does not require mask, can be used for v arious rapid prototyping materials, to obtain high fabrication precision (its sc ale precision is 15 nm), and larger ratio of height to width of micro/nano-stru cture. It can find widespread applications in the fabrication of micro-mechani sm, trimming IC, and fabricating minilens, etc.

Research Progress on Rapid Breeding Technology of Anoectochilus roxburghii Seedlings

As a traditional precious Chinese herbal medicine,Anoectochilus roxburghii has the cooling and detoxifying effects,and can nourish yin to reduce pathogenic fire,and has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. In this paper,we summarized the research progress in detail about the biological characteristics,resource distribution,composition,medicinal value and rapid seedling breeding technology concerning the rare Chinese herbal medicine A. roxburghii,in order to provide a reference for the in-depth study and rational development and utilization of A.roxburghii.

Overview of Research on Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation Technology of Pholidota

The genus Pholidota has good medicinal value,and is often over-excavated by humans.Coupled with its low natural reproduction rate,Pholidota is almost endangered.This paper summarized the tissue culture and rapid propagation technology of Pholidota in recent years,aiming to provide key technical support for resource protection and development of Pholidota and preliminary foundation and technical support for follow-up related research.

Online Fashion Retailer Bonobos Selects Gerber Technology's YuniquePLM^(TM) Industry-Tailored Software to Support Rapid Growth and Fast-Paced Product Innovation

Tolland,Connecticut,USA-Gerber Technology,a business unit of Gerber Scientific, Inc.(NYSE:GRB) and a world leader in automated CAD/CAM and PLM solutions for the apparel and flexible materials industry,announces that fast-growing internet retailer Bonobos,Inc. has selected the YuniquePLM product

The Controlled-releasing Drug Implant based on the Three Dimensional Printing Technology: Fabrication and Properties of Drug Releasing in vivo

Three dimensional （3D） printing technology was utilized to fabricate a new type of drug implant with complicated architectures, employing levofloxacin （LVFX） and rifampicine （RFP） as model drugs. The prepared drug implant prototype consists of a doublelayer structure, of which the upper region is a reservoir system containing RFP and the lower region is a matrix one containing LVFX. The release test in vivo revealed that LVFX was released in the early stage; no RFP was detected until 8th day; both of them continuously released more than 6 weeks. Therefore, 3D printing technology provides a precise and feasible method to fabricate a controlled-releasing drug implant with complicated architectures and this drug implant may present a new strategy for the prophylaxis and treatment of bone diseases such as combined bone infections and bone tuberculosis in the near future.

A review of intelligent ore sorting technology and equipment development

Under the background of increasingly scarce ore worldwide and increasingly fierce market competition,developing the mining industry could be strongly restricted.Intelligent ore sorting equipment not only improves ore use and enhances the economic benefits of enterprises but also increases the ore grade and lessens the grinding cost and tailings production.However,long-term research on intelligent ore sorting equipment found that the factors affecting sorting efficiency mainly include ore information identification technology,equipment sorting actuator,and information processing algorithm.The high precision,strong anti-interference capability,and high speed of these factors guarantee the separation efficiency of intelligent ore sorting equipment.Color ore sorter,X-ray ore transmission sorter,dual-energy X-ray transmission ore sorter,X-ray fluorescence ore sorter,and near-infrared ore sorter have been successfully developed in accordance with the different characteristics of minerals while ensuring the accuracy of equipment sorting and improving the equipment sorting efficiency.With the continuous improvement of mine automation level,the application of online element rapid analysis technology with high speed,high precision,and strong anti-interference capability in intelligent ore sorting equipment will become an inevitable trend of equipment development in the future.Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy,transientγneutron activation analysis,online Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and nuclear magnetic resonance techniques will promote the development of ore sorting equipment.In addition,the improvement and joint application of additional high-speed and high-precision operation algorithms(such as peak area,principal component analysis,artificial neural network,partial least squares,and Monte Carlo library least squares methods)are an essential part of the development of intelligent ore sorting equipment in the future.

地诺孕素治疗子宫内膜异位症的快速卫生技术评估

目的:快速评价地诺孕素治疗子宫内膜异位症的有效性、安全性和经济性,旨在为临床药物选择和决策提供循证依据。方法:计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、中国知网、SinoMed、万方数据、国内外卫生技术评估(HTA)机构官方网站及相关数据库,收集地诺孕素治疗子宫内膜异位症的HTA报告、系统评价/Meta分析和药物经济学研究,检索时限均为建库起至2023年9月。资料提取和质量评价后,对纳入研究的结果进行描述性分析。结果:共纳入9篇系统评价(Meta分析)、2篇药物经济学研究。Meta分析文献质量偏低,经济学研究质量较好。有效性方面,与无治疗相比,地诺孕素可以显著降低术后复发率、盆腔疼痛(VAS)评分,提高妊娠率及有效率;地诺孕素与促性腺激素释放激素激动剂(GnRHa)、复方口服避孕药(COC)在复发率方面疗效相当;在复发率、妊娠率方面,地诺孕素优于达那唑,孕三烯酮以及米非司酮。安全性方面,与安慰剂对比,地诺孕素阴道出血、头痛的发生率显著增高,骨质丢失情况无差异;地诺孕素阴道出血发生率显著高于GnRHa,但潮热、骨质丢失的发生率低于GnRHa。经济性方面,与GnRHa比较,地诺孕素更具有成本-效益优势;而与COC比较,地诺孕素不具有经济性。结论:地诺孕素治疗子宫内膜异位症具有良好的有效性和安全性;经济性优于GnRHa,但劣于COC。

金水宝胶囊治疗肾脏疾病的快速卫生技术评估

目的:运用快速卫生技术评估(HTA)方法,对金水宝胶囊治疗肾脏疾病的有效性、安全性和经济性进行综合评价,为临床提供循证依据佐证用药。方法:检索PubMed、the Cochrane Library等外文数据库和万方数据库、中国知网、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库等中文数据库,国际卫生技术评估机构网络、英国国家卫生与临床优化研究所、加拿大药物和卫生技术局等机构的官方网站及相关数据库,获取金水宝胶囊治疗肾脏疾病的系统评价/Meta分析、HTA报告以及药物经济学研究,检索时限均为建库至2023年6月。根据纳入与排除标准筛选文献、提取资料、评价质量,并对结果进行定性分析。结果:纳入系统评价/Meta分析13篇(11篇涉及糖尿病肾病,2篇涉及慢性肾衰竭),未检索到药物经济学研究和HTA报告。结果显示,金水宝胶囊联合常规治疗/血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂(ACEI)/血管紧张素Ⅱ受体阻断剂(ARB)用于肾脏疾病,临床总有效率优于对照组,在降低血肌酐、血尿素氮、24 h尿蛋白定量、尿微量蛋白排泄率、尿微量白蛋白/尿肌酐、三酰甘油、胱抑素C、尿中N-乙酰-β-D氨基葡萄糖苷酶和提高肌酐清除率方面具有优势;同时,不良反应发生率低且均为轻症,无严重不良事件发生,安全性良好。结论:金水宝胶囊在治疗肾脏疾病中的有效性和安全性较好,未来需要进一步开展药物经济学研究。

近红外光谱技术在乳及乳制品质量检测中的应用

随着生活水平的提升,人们对食品质量的关注日益增加,快速获取产品质量信息已成为热点问题之一。近红外光谱技术作为一种快速、无损、定量的检测手段,能够在短时间内获取食品的质量信息,该技术已逐渐在食品质量评价中得到广泛应用。本文综述了近红外光谱技术在乳及乳制品质量检测方面的应用,旨在为该技术在乳制品行业中的进一步应用提供参考。

乌司他丁治疗急性胰腺炎的快速卫生技术评估

目的本文通过对乌司他丁(UTI)进行快速卫生技术评估(HTA),评价UTI治疗急性胰腺炎(AP)的有效性、安全性及经济性。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、the Cochrane Library、中国知网、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库和HTA机构官方网站,收集UTI在AP方面的系统评价(SR)/Meta分析、经济学评价及HTA报告,检索时限为建库至2024年4月。由2名研究者根据纳排标准独立进行筛选、质量评价和数据提取,采取描述性分析方式对数据进行分析汇总。结果共纳入19篇研究,包括15篇SR/Meta分析和4篇经济学研究,未检索到HTA报告。UTI联合治疗AP较单独常规治疗在提高总有效率、缩短淀粉酶恢复时间、减少腹痛腹胀缓解时间、降低病死率及缩短平均住院天数等方面均具有明显优势,和其他阳性药物(甲磺酸加贝酯、奥曲肽、生长抑素)相比疗效相当或基本一致,安全性良好。就目前纳入的研究而言,UTI对比其他阳性药物具有明显经济学优势。结论UTI在治疗AP方面安全有效,具有经济学优势。

艾多沙班治疗癌症相关静脉血栓栓塞症的快速卫生技术评估

目的评价艾多沙班治疗癌症相关静脉血栓栓塞症(CAVTE)的有效性、安全性及经济性。方法采用计算机检索PubMed、The Cochrane Library、CRD Web、中国知网(CNKI)、万方(WanFang)数据库及国内外卫生技术评估(HTA)机构的官方网站,检索时限为自建库起至2023年8月31日。由2名评价者根据纳入与排除标准独立筛选文献并提取数据,采用HTA checklist、AMSTAR2量表或CHEERS 2022量表对纳入文献进行质量评价,采用描述性分析法对提取的研究内容进行分析和总结。结果共检索到相关文献514篇,最终纳入9篇系统评价/Meta分析、4篇药物经济学研究。研究结果显示,在有效性方面,艾多沙班治疗CAVTE,减少静脉血栓栓塞症复发的疗效优于华法林(P<0.05),与低分子肝素(LMWH)、利伐沙班、阿哌沙班的疗效相当(P>0.05);减少肺栓塞复发的疗效与LMWH相当(P>0.05);减少深静脉血栓形成复发的疗效优于LMWH(P<0.05)。在安全性方面,艾多沙班发生大出血的风险高于LMWH(P<0.05),与华法林、阿哌沙班、利伐沙班相当(P>0.05);发生临床相关非大出血的风险低于华法林(P<0.05),与LMWH、阿哌沙班、利伐沙班相当(P>0.05);发生临床相关出血的风险高于LMWH(P<0.05),低于利伐沙班(P<0.05),与阿哌沙班相当(P>0.05)。在经济性方面,国外的研究结果显示,艾多沙班较LMWH治疗CAVTE具有成本-效用优势。结论艾多沙班治疗CAVTE的有效性和安全性均较好,国外的研究提示经济性良好,但缺乏国内的药物经济学研究。

尿毒清颗粒治疗慢性肾脏病的快速卫生技术评估

目的:通过快速卫生技术评估(HTA)的方法,评价尿毒清颗粒治疗慢性肾脏病(CKD)的有效性、安全性和经济性,为临床提供循证依据。方法:检索PubMed、the Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网、万方数据库和维普数据库等数据库(检索时限至2024年2月1日),纳入有关尿毒清颗粒治疗慢性肾脏病的HTA报告、系统评价、Meta分析和药物经济学研究,评价纳入文献的质量,定性分析结果。结果:13篇Meta分析被纳入研究,未检索到HTA报告和药物经济学研究。结果显示,联合应用尿毒清颗粒治疗CKD,其临床有效率优于其他治疗方案(其中病例数最多的研究结果显示,RR=1.37,95%CI=1.24~1.51,P<0.001),可提高内生肌酐清除率、肾小球滤过率、血红蛋白水平,并在降低血清肌酐、血清尿素氮、尿白蛋白排泄率、24 h尿蛋白、血清总胆固醇、血清三酰甘油、胱抑素C等指标水平方面有优势,同时,安全性较好,不良反应发生率低。结论:联合应用尿毒清颗粒在CKD的治疗中具有较好的有效性和安全性,未来有必要进一步开展药物经济学研究,补充其治疗CKD的经济学评价证据。

替雷利珠单抗一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌的快速卫生技术评估

目的评价替雷利珠单抗(TIS)一线治疗晚期非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)的有效性、安全性和经济性。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、Cochrane Library、CNKI、WanFang Data、SinoMed数据库和卫生技术评估(HTA)相关网站,搜集TIS一线治疗晚期NSCLC的HTA报告、系统评价/Meta分析和药物经济学研究,检索时限均从建库至2024年4月30日。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料和质量评价,并采用定性描述方法进行快速卫生技术评估。结果共纳入9篇文献,包括系统评价/Meta分析7篇,药物经济学研究2篇。有效性方面,与化疗(CT)相比,TIS+CT可提高晚期NSCLC患者的无进展生存期(PFS)和客观缓解率(ORR),可提高任何程序性细胞死亡受体配体-1(PD-L1)表达情况、伴或不伴肝转移、年龄≥65岁或<65岁、有吸烟病史的晚期NSCLC患者的PFS;与CT相比,TIS+CT可提高晚期非鳞状NSCLC患者的PFS,可提高PD-L1≥50%的晚期非鳞状NSCLC患者的PFS;与CT相比,TIS+CT可提高PD-L1为1%~49%、PD-L1≥50%、男性、年龄≥65岁、有吸烟史、ECOG评分1分、ⅢB期和Ⅳ期晚期鳞状NSCLC患者的PFS。安全性方面,与卡瑞利珠单抗+CT和阿替利珠单抗+贝伐珠单抗+CT相比,TIS+CT可降低严重不良反应发生率。经济学方面,对于无表皮生长因子受体突变和渐变淋巴瘤激酶重排的非鳞状NSCLC,与CT相比,TIS+CT在中国具有一定的成本-效果优势。亚组分析结果显示,在PD-L1表达≥50%、肝转移和有吸烟史的非鳞状NSCLC患者中,一线TIS+CT方案的生存益处更大。结论TIS+CT一线治疗晚期NSCLC具有较好的有效性、安全性和经济性。

新工科背景下混合式教学改革研究与实践

为满足新工科背景下对人才培养提出的新要求,以《逆向工程与快速成型技术》课程为例,针对课程教学中存在的问题,从课程内容重构、教学模式构建、评价体系完善三方面开展教学改革,并以典型工程案例开展“线上线下+理虚实”多元混合的教学新模式。结果表明,该教学模式有助于培养学生的创新应用能力,可为高职同类课程的教学改革提供借鉴和参考。

油橄榄幼嫩茎段组培快繁技术研究

以阿贝基纳优良单株幼嫩茎段为试验材料,通过对油橄榄外植体灭菌、基本培养基、生长调节剂等因素对油橄榄组织培养技术影响的研究,试验结果表明:使用75%乙醇30 s、0.1%HgCl_(2) 10 min进行外植体消毒处理时获得率最高,达36.15%;改良MS培养基适宜外植体诱导芽萌发,最佳增殖培养基为改良MS+6-BA 4.0 mg·L^(-1)+NAA 0.5 mg·L^(-1)+TDZ 0.5 mg·L^(-1),诱导率为65.3%,最佳生根培养基为1/2MS+ABT 0.6 mg·L^(-1)+IBA 0.2 mg·L^(-1),生根率90%,活性炭浓度最佳添加浓度0.5 g·L^(-1),蔗糖最佳添加浓度30 g·L^(-1)。

美国定向能机动近程防空计划进展分析

美国定向能机动近程防空(directed energy maneuver-short range air defense,DE M-SHORAD)计划通过击伤、摧毁或压制旋转翼无人机、固定翼无人机以及火箭弹、火炮炮弹、迫击炮弹(rockets,artillery and mortar,RAM)等威胁目标,为机动部队提供伴随防空,对抗新兴威胁,属于美国陆军防空反导现代化的优先项目之一。首先介绍了DE M-SHORAD研制计划;其次详细分析了系统结构,并由系统参数评估了系统的作战性能;最后梳理了系统的研制进展。通过综合分析可知,DE M-SHORAD系统采用最佳组件,通过快速原型方法实现激光武器系统在装甲车上的集成;为降低技术风险,该计划在发展方式上分为两个阶段,首先集成、测试2 kW~5 kW机动实验型高能激光器(mobile experimental high-energy laser,MEHEL),然后再研制50 kW级的多任务高能激光器(multi-mission high-energy laser,MMHEL)。经计算可得:MEHEL和MMHEL对无人机的最大射程分别约为0.77 km、4.8 km。

动态病例情景结合快速评估转盘在出血评估技术工作坊中的应用

目的评价快速评估转盘应用于工作坊的培训模式对提高专科护士出血评估技术的效果。方法选取2022年1—12月在广州某三甲医院妇产科培训基地参加脱产专科培训的65名护士为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(n=32)和研究组(n=33)。对照组在基于临床真实改编案例的工作坊进行实践练习,研究组在此基础上应用快速评估转盘练习评估技术,应用柯氏4级评估模式(反应、学习、行为和结果)对两组培训效果进行评价。结果研究组对培训形式、效果及总体满意度均高于对照组,出血量的评估效率及液体复苏的掌握率均明显高于对照组,且评估时间缩短至(8.82±2.13)min,两组间差异有统计学意义(t=8.38,P<0.05)。结论研究组学员对于快速评估转盘在出血评估技术工作坊的应用满意度较高,认为能显著提高对出血量的评估效率及液体复苏的掌握率,有一定的临床推广价值。

中医适宜技术在骨外科术后气虚血瘀证患者快速康复的应用研究

目的观察中医适宜技术在骨外科术后气虚血瘀证患者快速康复中的应用,为中医特色护理提供一定参考。方法本次研究对骨外科接受手术治疗的120例骨折患者进行观察,顺利完成手术,术后“四诊”辨证分型,确定“气虚血瘀证”。随后使用红与绿随机摸球的方式,将患者分入2个临床组别。对照组60例,予以系统护理;在此基础上,观察组60例,予以中医适宜技术。术前及术后1周对视觉模拟评分(VAS)、匹兹堡睡眠指数(PSQI)、焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估,对比2组术后胃肠功能恢复及并发症。结果干预后2组VAS评分、PSQI评分、SAS评分和SDS评分低于干预前(P<0.05);干预后观察组VAS评分、PSQI评分、SAS评分和SDS评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。对照组的首次排气时间、首次排便时间、首次进食时间和住院时间高于观察组,有统计意义(P<0.05)。对照组的总并发症率15.00%高于观察组3.33%,有统计意义(P<0.05)。结论中医适宜技术对于骨外科术后气虚血瘀证患者具有快速康复的效果,有助于缩短恢复时间,提高睡眠质量和情绪状态,减轻术后疼痛及并发症。

食品安全监管中快速检测技术的应用

本文从快速检测技术的核心特点及其技术优势入手,对其在食品安全监管中的应用进行了全面分析。同时探讨了快速检测技术高效运用的必要条件,旨在为相关机构的决策提供相应的参考性建议。