NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 Compound Catalyzed PhenolResorcinol-Formaldehyde Copolycondensation Resin Adhesive for Recombined Bamboo

In order to reduce the curing temperature, shorten the curing time of phenol-formaldehyde(PF) resin adhesive, and ensure the good water-solubility, NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 were used as compound catalysts. The influences of the adding time of Ba(OH)_2, the adding amount of NaOH, Ba(OH)_2 and resorcinol on the properties of adhesives were studied. The properties of NaOH catalyzed phenol-formaldehyde(PF) adhesive, NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 compound catalyzed PF adhesive, NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 compound catalyzed phenol-resorcinol-formaldehyde(PRF) adhesive, and the prepared recombinant bamboo with three kinds of adhesives were compared. The experimental results show that NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 compound catalyst not only shortens the curing time of PF adhesive, but also guarantees the suitable water solubility of adhesive. After copolycondensation with resorcinol, the curing time of adhesive is further shortened, the water solubility is improved obviously, and the highest bonding strength is obtained. Infrared spectrum analysis shows that the reaction activity point of NaOH and Ba(OH)_2 compound catalyzed PRF adhesive will increase, so that both the curing temperature and curing enthalpy decrease.

Improvement of the electrical resistivity of epoxy resin at elevated temperature by adding a positive temperature coefficient BaTiO3-based compound

The DC electrical resistivity-temperature characteristic is an important property for insulating materials to operate at a high stress level.In order to improve the DC electrical resistivity at elevated temperature in a targeted way,a positive temperature coefficient(PTC)material(Ba Ti O3-based compound(BT60))was selected as the filler in this paper,whose electrical resistivity has a PTC effect when the temperature exceeds its Curie temperature.The BT60 was treated with hydrogen peroxide and(3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane.Epoxy composites with different loadings of BT60 fillers(0 wt%,0.5 wt%,and 2 wt%of epoxy)were prepared,denoted as EP-0,EP-0.5,and EP-2.It was shown that BT60 was able to maintain the DC breakdown strength when its loading was less than 2 wt%of epoxy.As the temperature exceeds 60°C,BT60 will compensate for the negative temperature coefficient effect of epoxy resin to some extent.The electrical resistivity of EP-2 was improved by 55%compared with that of neat epoxy at 90°C.It was found that the potential barrier at the grain boundary of BT60 and the deep traps in the interface between BT60 and the epoxy resin hinder the migration of carriers and thus increase the electrical resistivity of epoxy composite.

STUDIES ON THE ADSORPTION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS ON A PS-BASED RESIN MODIFIED BY NITRO FUNCTIONAL GROUPS

A new adsorbent (JN-01) was prepared by modifying resin NDA-1800 with nitro functional groups.The adsorption capacities of resins XAD-4,NDA-1800 and JN-01 were investigated,and the results indicated that the modified resin JN-01 was much better in adsorbing phenol,p-nitrophenol and p-cresol.The adsorption capacities of the resin JN-01 were higher than those of the resins XAD-4 and NDA-1800 within a temperature range of 283-323 K,which might be attributed to the higher surface area and the partial polarity o...

Resin composition: An indicator of oil maturity as revealed by fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

A pyrolysis experiment was carried out on a Dongying Depression kerogen sample to separate the resin from the oil. Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) with a positive-ion detector was used to detect the relative proportional changes in the compounds of the resin. During the whole pyrolysis experiment, the relative ratio of resin exceed 10% of the soluble component at each temperature point. Five compounds were detected from the resin: N1, N1O1, N1O_(2), O1, and O_(2). To research the changes in the proportions of the compounds during pyrolysis clearly, these five compounds were divided into three classes: N1, N1Ox, and Ox. The N1 class has the largest proportion in resin at the beginning of the pyrolysis, while Ox class has the least proportion. And the relationship between the number and the molecular mass of three classes compound was researched. With increasing maturity, the proportion of N1 and the N1Ox class decreased rapidly, while the Ox class increased slowly. Through researching these resin compounds, it was found that an inversion in the proportions of above three compounds appeared at the end of the oil window. At the same time, we found that the DBE and carbon number of resin compounds have changed obviously during the pyrolysis: the DBE increased, while the carbon number decreased significantly. And the details of the change of each compound have been researched. This research extends our knowledge of judging the maturity of crude oil during the pyrolysis through the characteristics of compounds in resin and provides the new index based on resin for the evaluation of thermal evolution stage and hydrocarbon generation capacity of source rocks.

苯酚-甲醛树脂MK-95在轿车子午线轮胎胎体胶中的应用

研究苯酚-甲醛树脂MK-95(简称MK-95)在轿车子午线轮胎胎体胶中的应用。结果表明:MK-95不含游离间苯二酚和其他添加剂,其软化点和挥发分含量低于间苯二酚-甲醛树脂;在胎体胶中以MK-95等量替代间苯二酚-甲醛树脂,胶料的硫化特性、物理性能、动态力学性能和粘合性能相当,成品轮胎的高速、耐久和路试性能均达到要求。

有机硅改性酚醛树脂复合材料制备及性能研究

本文开展了有机硅改性酚醛树脂复合材料制备及性能研究。首先进行有机硅改性酚醛树脂复合材料的制备:将4 g甲基苯基二甲氧基硅烷溶于25 m L四甲基氢氧化铵中,然后将得到的料液添至去离子水中进行搅拌,得到黄色固体,并将其置于60℃烘箱中,设置时间24 h,得出有机硅改性酚醛树脂复合材料。再者,对有机硅改性酚醛树脂复合材料的热性能及复合材料层间剪切强度进行测试。研究结果表明:当固化环氧树脂和固化剂质量比为95∶5时,有机硅改性酚醛树脂复合材料性能最优,此时其层间剪切强度高达87.5 MPa,热失重质量为0.22 g,耐热性能更好。

电动汽车功率电子封装用耐高温环氧塑封料的研究进展

本文综述了近年来国内外关于耐高温环氧塑封料(EMC)的基础研究与应用进展,从先进功率电子器件发展对塑封材料的性能需求、传统EMC的高温降解机理、EMC结构与耐热稳定性的关系以及提高EMC耐热稳定性的改性途径等方面进行了阐述。重点综述了多芳环(MAR)型以及含萘型EMC的发展状况。最后对功率电子封装用耐高温EMC未来的发展趋势进行了展望。

铁路钢桁梁桥明桥面复合轨枕宏-细观力学行为研究

复合轨枕是明桥面结构提质改造的重要举施,但复合成型工艺及材料特性对轨枕服役性能有直接影响。针对复合轨枕明桥面结构的特性,基于ABAQUS等仿真平台,分别建立复合轨枕的宏、细观有限元模型,从多尺度仿真角度研究列车轮载下复合材料密度,纤维束直径、取向和分布等因素对轨枕承载能力及变形影响。结果表明:增大纤维束直径、使纤维束充分分散,能够减少10%~30%的轨枕受力;改变纤维取向对提高轨枕承载力的效果较为显著,优化纤维分布取向能够使轨枕表面受力减小20%~30%;在此基础上提出“45°/0°/45°”的纤维束铺层结构,采用这种结构能在相同变形量控制水平下获得更高的承载能力,较全断面纵向铺层方案提升30%~50%。研究表明:利用复合轨枕的材料特性,优化生产制造工艺可提高其承载能力。

水玻璃复合堵漏体系中氯化钙控释技术

水玻璃-氯化钙体系是常用的油井堵漏材料,但是水玻璃和氯化钙一接触即快速反应,只能采用双液法进行施工,工序复杂。因此拟对氯化钙进行控释,以期能够将水玻璃-氯化钙混合同时泵注,简化施工。该研究通过使用树脂体系对氯化钙进行包裹完成氯化钙的控释。通过改变体系中氯化钙的加量、交联剂的加量以及单体的种类及配比,考察以上3种因素对控释效果的影响。研究发现,通过树脂对氯化钙进行包裹时,氯化钙与单体的质量比为1∶4、交联剂加量为6%,可将水玻璃-氯化钙体系失去流动性时间延长至105 min。将已包裹氯化钙的树脂粉末进行二次包裹时,氯化钙与单体的质量比为1∶2、一次包裹二次包裹交联剂加量均为6%时,可将水玻璃-氯化钙体系失去流动性时间延长至110 min。在二次包裹的树脂体系中加入氯化钠,可将体系失去流动性时间延长至180 min。通过红外光谱和SEM谱图分析发现,吸水树脂通过减少氯化钙与水玻璃的接触面积来减缓反应的进行,树脂本身不参与水玻璃与氯化钙的反应进程。

DOPS/TPT复配阻燃环氧树脂的性能

单一的磷杂菲或三嗪类阻燃剂的阻燃效果有限,为了提高阻燃剂在环氧树脂(EP)中的阻燃效率,将9,10-二氢-9-氧杂-10-磷杂菲-10-硫化物(DOPS)与2,4,6-三苯氧基-1,3,5-三嗪(TPT)复配应用于EP中,通过协同阻燃作用来提高EP的阻燃性能,以期获得优异的阻燃效果。文中将DOPS与TPT进行复配,采用熔融共混法制备了阻燃EP复合材料。通过热重分析、垂直燃烧、极限氧指数、锥形量热和力学性能测试研究了复合阻燃剂DOPS/TPT对阻燃EP复合材料的热稳定性、阻燃性能及力学性能的影响,并采用扫描电镜、热重-红外光谱联用分析了材料的残炭形貌和热解气体,探究了其阻燃机理。结果表明,当阻燃剂的总添加量为9%,DOPS在复合阻燃剂DOPS/TPT中的质量分数为8%时,复合材料EP/DOPS/TPT的LOI值为30.5%,达到UL-94 V-0级,而且其平均热释放速率(av-HRR)、总热释放量(THR)值最低,其阻燃性能、成炭性能和力学性能均优于单独添加DOPS或TPT。从阻燃机理看,2种阻燃剂在气相和凝聚相发挥了协效阻燃作用,弥补了单一阻燃剂的不足,能够进一步提高阻燃效果。

腰果酚改性酚醛树脂的合成及其模塑料的性能

资源化、环保化与低成本化是传统材料的重要发展方向,本文在硼酸的辅助下,采用腰果酚对酚醛树脂进行改性,探讨了腰果酚和硼酸的引入及其用量对树脂性能的影响,以改性树脂为基体制备了酚醛模塑料,并对其性能进行的测试。结果显示:腰果酚的引入和用量会显著影响树脂的性能,高的替代量使树脂软化点和热稳定性下降,在硼酸的辅助下,则能够实现对改性树脂性能的有效调控,并且以该改性树脂制备的模塑料显示出较好的韧性和热稳定性。

SYNTHESIS，REGENERATION AND APPLICATIONOF SORPTION RESINS

By means of the synthetic approach of non－polar or weak polar oil－sorbed polymers，the gel sorption resin（GSR） and the multiporous sorption resin（MSR） were prepared．The structure of the resins，sorption power，sorption speed，desorption，and sorption of organic compounds from sewage，exhaust gas and soil were discussed．Moreover，the resins were used to decrease LOD and BOD5 values of water waste from sewage factory．Theyare a klndof potential materials for environmental control．

三聚氰胺固废改性酚醛树脂的合成及其对模塑料性能的影响

固体废弃物的绿色化处置与传统材料的资源化改性对当前化工与材料类产业的健康发展具有重要的意义。本文采用固体废弃物OAT(oxiaminothriazine)对酚醛树脂进行改性,探讨了OAT反应性引入酚醛树脂的可行性,以获得的改性树脂作为基体制备了酚醛模塑料,探讨了改性树脂对模塑料性能的影响。结果显示:OAT与甲醛具有一定的反应性,OAT的引入使酚醛树脂的黏度有所下降,但随着用量的进一步增加,黏度增加,聚合速度加快,流动度显著降低,OAT的用量在8%左右为宜;采用OAT改性酚醛树脂制备的模塑料具有较好的热稳定性和电气强度,其他性能与普通模塑料相当。

新型有机硼防污剂在自抛光防污涂料中的匹配稳定性和防污性能研究

本工作探究了一种新型有机硼防污剂——4-异丙基吡啶甲基二苯基硼烷(4-IPDMB)在防污涂料中的稳定性和防污性能。以稳定水解的丙烯酸硅树脂为自抛光基体树脂,以4-IPDMB为主防污剂,以吡啶硫酮锌、溴代吡咯腈或异噻唑啉酮等作为辅助防污剂,制备了多种防污涂料,并进行性能表征。首先采用一步自由基聚合法成功制备了一种具有稳定抛光速率的丙烯酸硅树脂,抛光速率测试结果表明该丙烯酸硅树脂的抛光速率为4μm/month。按配方将如上组分配制成涂料后,通过附着力试验、储存稳定性试验和浅海静态挂板试验对4-IPDMB在防污涂料中的配方匹配稳定性和防污能力进行了表征。结果表明,含有4-IPDMB的防污涂料具有良好的防污性能,当与其他辅助防污剂混合后,附着力、防污性能和储存稳定性均产生一定程度的变化,需进一步探究4-IPDMB与辅助防污剂之间的潜在化学反应,指导配方优化。

基于TD-GC-O-MS及感官评价分析医用级聚氯乙烯树脂气味物质

采用热脱附-气相色谱-嗅闻-质谱(TD-GC-O-MS)联用技术与感官评价,对医用聚氯乙烯(PVC)树脂中挥发性有机物(VOCs)的气味物质进行了定性定量分析。通过顶空-气相色谱-质谱联用技术进行初步分析,优化了加热温度和时间,以实现VOCs的最佳释放效果。利用高灵敏度的TD-GC-O-MS选择了极性色谱柱,提高了VOCs的分离和检测效果,成功实现了对低浓度气味物质的定性和定量检测,确定PVC树脂的主要气味源为烷烃类化合物、异辛醇、丙烯酸丁酯、醋酸、苯乙烯和壬醛等,并追溯气味物质的来源,为低气味PVC生产工艺的改进提供指导。通过感官评价确定工艺优化后的PVC树脂气味显著改善。

活性炭和树脂吸附去除水中PFAS的研究进展

全氟或多氟烷基化合物(PFAS)具有持久性、生物累积性和潜在生物毒性,在水环境中被广泛检出。吸附作为有效的PFAS处理技术具有低成本、易操作等优点。活性炭和树脂是较为常用的PFAS吸附剂。总结了活性炭和树脂改性前后对PFAS的吸附性能,介绍了其吸附机理。结合目前吸附去除水环境中PFAS的研究进展,展望了吸附法用于水中PFAS处理的发展方向,为进一步开发高效、实用的PFAS吸附去除技术提供参考。

顶空-气相色谱法测定到手香提取物11种溶剂残留量

目的建立顶空-气相色谱法测定中药到手香提取物中苯、丙烯腈、甲基丙烯酸甲酯、甲苯、1,2-二氯乙烷、对二甲苯、间二甲苯、邻二甲苯、氯苯、苯乙烯和二乙烯苯11种溶剂残留的分析方法。方法供试品经顶空进样器85℃平衡45 min,分流比10∶1(V∶V),采用DB-WAX聚乙二醇为固定相的弹性石英毛细管柱(长30 m,内径0.32 mm,膜厚0.5μm),FID氢火焰离子化检测器进行分析。结果11种挥发性有机物分离效果较好,在0.22~23.86μg·mL^(-1)的浓度范围内线性关系良好(r≥0.99);方法定量限为0.0084μg·mL^(-1)≤LOQ≤0.5432μg·mL^(-1);低、中、高水平下各成分的平均回收率为84%~103%之间;相对标准偏差≤10%(n=6),经方法学验证后该方法符合实验要求。3批样品中甲苯、间二甲苯、邻二甲苯及二乙烯基苯有检出,低于定量限,均未超标。结论该方法易于操作,结果可靠,可用于中药到手香提取物中的残留溶剂检测,亦为其他中药提取物中残留溶剂分析提供方法参考,确保用药安全。

环氧树脂掺杂对地质聚合物木材胶黏剂性能的影响

【目的】为了解决地质聚合物木材胶黏剂的界面相容性差等问题,采用环氧树脂为有机掺杂剂构建有机–无机交联网络的方法,研究环氧树脂掺杂对地质聚合物木材胶黏剂综合性能的影响。【方法】将地质聚合物与环氧树脂、聚醚胺、硅烷偶联剂KH550共混制备地质聚合物基木材胶黏剂,分析不同有机掺杂剂对胶黏剂性能的影响作用,结合FTIR、XPS、SEM-EDS和锥形量热仪等分析有机掺杂剂的作用机制。【结果】不同有机物掺杂均会提高地质聚合物浆体的黏度,当环氧树脂和聚醚胺的质量分数分别为4.8%和1.2%(GECS6)时,地质聚合物浆体黏度较低,有利于均匀施胶。不同物质掺杂均会不同程度地提高地质聚合物基胶合板的胶合强度,GECS6的湿态胶合强度达到较优值0.87 MPa,相比于纯地质聚合物胶黏剂提高了248%。相较于纯地质聚合物,有机掺杂地质聚合物胶合板的热释放速率和总热释放量分别下降了7.01%和17.95%,阻燃性能得到一定程度的提高。【结论】环氧树脂与硅烷偶联剂协同作用,构建了有机–无机交联网络,提高了地质聚合物胶黏剂与木材的相容性及浆体的致密性,解决了地质聚合物木材胶黏剂的界面相容性差的问题,从而增强了胶合板的胶合强度和阻燃性能。

抗撕裂树脂AD-1600在矿用全钢子午线轮胎胎面胶中的应用

研究抗撕裂树脂AD-1600在矿用全钢子午线轮胎胎面胶中的应用。结果表明:随着抗撕裂树脂AD-1600用量的增大,胶料的t90延长,定伸应力和拉伸强度略降低,拉断伸长率先提高后降低,抗撕裂性能和抗切割性能显著提高;当抗撕裂树脂AD-1600用量为6份时,胶料的抗撕裂性能和抗切割性能最佳,且生热较低。

环氧-酚醛-双马来酰亚胺三元共混物的制备及性能研究

采用4,4′-二苯甲烷双马来酰亚胺(BMI)与多芳环型酚醛树脂、多芳环型环氧树脂(NC3000)及促进剂2-苯基-4-甲基-5-羟甲基咪唑(2P4 MHZ)熔融共混,制备了三元树脂共混物(BPE)及其固化产物,并对其性能进行了评价。研究结果表明:BPE三元树脂共混物仅出现了一种固化行为,在现有环氧塑封料(EMC)制备工艺中可固化完全;结构特征分析表明,成功制备了BPE三元树脂共混物,并且三元树脂之间发生了相互交联反应;三元树脂共混物的结晶状态及流变学分析表明,三元共混物呈现出明显的非晶特性,随着温度的升高,熔体黏度均开始下降,在140~160℃时达到最低值,然后随着凝胶化会迅速增加几个数量级,并且在110~160℃内存在一定的加工窗口,对EMC的制备是有利的;随着BMI含量的增加,三元树脂固化物的耐热稳定性也在不断增加,10%的热分解温度均超过430℃;此外,BMI引入也使得共混物凝胶时间延长,并且破坏了环氧/酚醛树脂体系的固化交联,导致高温热老化失重的增多。