Metallogenic Age and Ore-forming Material Sources of the Dahongshan Fe-Cu Deposit,Yunnan Province:Insights from Molybdenite Re-Os Dating and H-O-S-Pb Isotopes

The Dahongshan Fe-Cu(-Au)deposit is a superlarge deposit in the Kangdian metallogenic belt,southwestern China,comprising approximately 458 Mt of Fe ores(40%Fe)and 1.35 Mt Cu.Two main types of Fe-Cu(-Au)mineralization are present in the Dahongshan deposit:(1)early submarine volcanic exhalation and sedimentary mineralization characterized by strata-bound fine-grained magnetite and banded Fe-Cu sulfide(pyrite and chalcopyrite)hosted in the Na-rich metavolcanic rocks;(2)late hydrothermal(-vein)type mineralization characterized by Fe-Cu sulfide veins in the hosted strata or massive coarse-grained magnetite orebodies controlled by faults.While previous studies have focused primarily on the early submarine volcanic and sedimentary mineralization of the deposit,data related to late hydrothermal mineralization is lacking.In order to establish the metallogenic age and ore-forming material source of the late hydrothermal(-vein)type mineralization,this paper reports the Re-Os dating of molybdenite from the late hydrothermal vein Fe-Cu orebody and H,O,S,and Pb isotopic compositions of the hydrothermal quartz-sulfide veins.The primary aim of this study was to establish the metallogenic age and ore-forming material source of the hydrothermal type orebody.Results show that the molybdenite separated from quartz-sulfide veins has a Re-Os isochron age of 831±11 Ma,indicating that the Dahongshan Fe-Cu deposit experienced hydrothermal superimposed mineralization in Neoproterozoic.The molybdenite has a Re concentration of 99.7-382.4 ppm,indicating that the Re of the hydrothermal vein ores were primarily derived from the mantle.The δ^(34)S values of sulfides from the hydrothermal ores are 2‰-8‰ showing multi-peak tower distribution,suggesting that S in the ore-forming period was primarily derived from magma and partially from calcareous sedimentary rock.Furthermore,the abundance of radioactive Pb increased significantly from ore-bearing strata to layered and hydrothermal vein ores,which may be related to the later hydrothermal transformation.The composition of H and O isotopes within the hydrothermal quartz indicates that the ore-forming fluid is a mixture of magmatic water and a small quantity of water.These results further indicate that the late hydrothermal orebodies were formed by the Neoproterozoic magmatic hydrothermal event,which might be related to the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent.Mantle derived magmatic hydrothermal fluid extracted ore-forming materials from the metavolcanic rocks of Dahongshan Group and formed the hydrothermal(-vein)type Fe-Cu orebodies by filling and metasomatism.

青海东昆仑三通沟北锰矿成矿时代与物质来源:来自Re-Os同位素年代学与地球化学的约束

东昆仑三通沟北锰矿床是近年来青海省发现的规模最大的海相沉积型锰矿。该矿床位于东昆南构造带的北缘,成矿地质背景与原特提斯洋的演化密切相关。但目前该矿床研究程度较低,尤其是成矿时代存在中-新元古代与奥陶-志留纪的争议,成矿物质来源存在海底热液为主还是海底热液与陆源风化共同来源的不同认识。为了解决这些问题,本文在对三通沟北锰矿进行详细野外地质调查和钻孔岩芯编录的基础上,选择11件锰矿石进行Re-Os同位素分析,获得了442±15Ma的Re-Os等时线年龄,说明三通沟北锰矿带形成于晚奥陶世,不是前人认为的中-新元古代,这一成矿年龄与区域上的奥陶纪纳赤台群沉积岩的形成时代一致。同时Re-Os同位素分析获得的^(187)Os/^(188)Os初始值为0.67±0.02,该值明显低于同期海水的Os同位素组成(0.72),初步表明三通沟北锰矿的锰质来源以海底热液为主。矿石在SiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3)、Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)-Fe/Ti、Fe-Mn-(Ni+Cu+Co)×10和lgU-lgTh等图解上主要位于热水沉积区,矿石稀土元素配分型式也具有海底热液来源的特征。可见三通沟北锰矿的成矿物质来源主要与海底热液活动有关。

新疆东天山黄滩金铜锌矿成矿时代——来自白云母^(40)Ar-^(39)Ar年龄和黄铁矿Re-Os年龄约束

卡拉塔格是东天山十分重要的铜矿集区,发育5个不同时代和成矿类型的成矿系统。近年来新发现了黄滩(包括金岭)金铜锌矿床,赋存于火山岩系中,发育层状矿化、脉状矿化和黄铁绢英岩化,但层状矿化和黄铁绢英岩化形成时代不清楚,制约了进一步找矿勘查工作。本文基于野外调查和室内研究,开展白云母^(40)Ar-^(39)Ar年龄和黄铁矿Re-Os年代学研究,获得黄铁绢英岩中白云母^(40)Ar-^(39)Ar坪年龄为429.46±3.91 Ma,7件层状矿化中黄铁矿Re-Os等时线年龄为436.5±4.2 Ma。层状矿化年龄与前人获得含矿岩系英安岩和英安质凝灰岩年龄(434~438 Ma)、脉状矿化年龄(432~438 Ma)一致,表明层状矿化、脉状矿化和黄铁绢英岩化是同一成矿事件的产物,黄滩为富金火山成因块状硫化物(VMS)型矿床。因此,尽管黄滩和红海‒黄土坡为VMS型矿床,红石为火山热液脉状矿床,但它们均为同一VMS成矿系统,形成于430~439 Ma,受控矿因素的差异,造成了成因类型、矿化类型和成矿元素组合的多样性。

Cretaceous Meteorite Impact-Induced Initial Subduction:Records of highly Siderophile Element Abundances and Re-Os Isotopes in Ophiolites

Compiled global ophiolite data reveal that Cretaceous ophiolites exhibit broaden variations in 187Re/188Os and ^(187)Os/^(188)Os values,increases in Re concentrations and thus Re/Os ratios in all peridotites and chromitites,and additional increased PPGE/IPGE(Pd-subgroup platinum-group element(PGE)/Ir-subgroup PGE)ratios in chromitites and dunites relative to pre-Cretaceous ophiolites.These compositional changes in Cretaceous ophiolites,which mostly formed in subduction initiation settings,cannot be attributed solely to involvement of subducting or previously subducted crustal materials.Here,the author proposes a Cretaceous meteorite impact model that led to impact-induced disruption of oceanic lithosphere,asthenosphere upwelling,subduction initiation at edges of laterally spreading anomalies.High-pressure and high-temperature conditions during the impacts caused melting of the meteorites and the ambient crustal and mantle rocks,producing hybrid melts containing partially un-melted fragments.Crustal materials contributed to the elevated ^(187)Os/^(188)Os values,Re and Re/Os ratios,whereas the undifferentiated meteorite accounted for the increases in the PPGE/IPGE and decreased ^(187)Os/^(188)Os ratios.Shock pressure and super-reduced phases were likely generated by this process and were subsequently transported into the newly formed mantle peridotites and chromitites of future ophiolites.The remaining meteoritic and lithospheric fragments most likely sank deeper and were distributed widely in the convecting mantle to produce the observed global compositional heterogeneities.

Rising utilization of stable isotopes in tree rings for climate change and forest ecology

Analyses of stable isotopes(C,O,H)in tree rings are increasingly important cross-disciplinary programs.The rapid development in this field documented in an increasing number of publications requires a comprehensive review.This study includes a bibliometric analysis-based review to better understand research trends in tree ring stable isotope research.Overall,1475 publications were selected from the Web of Science Core Collection for 1974-2023.The findings are that:(1)numbers of annual publications and citations increased since 1974.From 1974 to 1980,there were around two relevant publications per year.However,from 2020 to 2022,this rose sharply to 109 publications per year.Likewise,average article citations were less than four per year before 1990,but were around four per article per year after 2000;(2)the major subjects using tree ring stable isotopes include forestry,geosciences,and environmental sciences,contributing to 42.5%of the total during 1974-2023;(3)the top three most productive institutions are the Chinese Academy of Sciences(423),the Swiss Federal Institute for Forest,Snow and Landscape Research(227),and the University of Arizona(204).These achievements result from strong collaborations;(4)review papers,for example,(Dawson et al.,Annu Rev Ecol Syst 33:507-559,2002)and(McCarroll and Loader,Quat Sci Rev 23:771-801,2004),are among the most cited,with more than 1000 citations;(5)tree ring stable isotope studies mainly focus on climatology and ecology,with atmospheric CO_(2) one of the most popular topics.Since 2010,precipitation and drought have received increasing attention.Based on this analysis,the research stages,key findings,debated issues,limitations and direc-tions for future research are summarized.This study serves as an important attempt to understand the progress on the use of stable isotopes in tree rings,providing scientific guid-ance for young researchers in this field.

Geochemistry, zircon U–Pb geochronology, and Hf isotopes of S-type granite in the Baoshan block, constraints on the age and evolution of the Proto-Tethys

Geochemistry, zircon U–Pb geochronology, and Hf isotope data for the Early Paleozoic granites in the Baoshan Block reveal the Early Paleozoic tectonic evolution of the Proto-Tethys. The samples are high-K, calcalkaline, strongly peraluminous rocks with A/CNK values of 1.37–1.46, are enriched in SiO2, K2O, and Rb, and are depleted in Nb, P, Ti, Eu, and heavy rare earth elements,which indicates the crystallization fractionation of the granitic magma. Zircon U–Pb dating indicates that they formed in ca. 480 Ma. The Nansa granites have εHf(t) values ranging from-16.04 to 4.36 with corresponding TC DMages of 2.10–0.81 Ga, which suggests the magmas derived from the partial melting of ancient metasedimentary with minor involvement of mantle-derived components. A synthesis of data for the Early Paleozoic igneous rocks in the Baoshan block and adjacent(Tengchong,Qiangtang, Sibumasu, Himalaya, etc.) blocks indicates that these blocks were all aligned along the proto-Tethyan margin of East Gondwana in the Early Paleozoic. The Early Paleozoic S-type granites from Nansa were generated in a high-temperature and low-pressure(HTLP) extensional tectonic setting, which resulted from Andean-type orogeny instead of the final assembly of Gondwana or crustal extension in a non-arc environment. In certain places, an expanding environment may exist in opposition to the tectonic backdrop of the lithosphere’s thickening and shortening, leading the crust to melt and decompress,mantle-derived materials to mix, and a small quantity of peraluminous granite to emerge.

Origin of the Dashuigou independent tellurium deposit at Qinghai–Xizang Plateau: constraints from the light stable isotopes C, O, and H

By studying the light isotopic compositions of carbon,oxygen,and hydrogen,combined with previous research results on the ore-forming source of the deposit,the authors try to uncover its metallogenic origin.The δ^(18)O and δ^(13)C isotope signatures of dolomite samples vary between 10.2 and 13.0‰,and between−7.2 and−5.2‰,respectively,implying that the carbon derives from the upper mantle.δD and δ^(18) O of quartz,biotite,and muscovite from diff erent ore veins of the deposit vary between−82 and−59‰,and between 11.6 and 12.4‰,respectively,implying that the metallogenic solutions are mainly magmatic.According to the relevant research results of many isotope geologists,the fractionation degree of hydrogen isotopes increases as the depth to the Earth’s core increases,and the more diff erentiated the hydrogen isotopes are,the lower their values will be.In other words,mantle-derived solutions can have extremely low hydrogen isotope values.This means that the δD‰ value−134 of the pyrrhotite sample numbered SD-34 in this article may indicate mantle-derived oreforming fl uid of the deposit.The formation of the Dashuigou tellurium deposit occurred between 91.71 and 80.19 Ma.

Petrogenesis and Tectonic Implications of the Early Triassic Nianzi Adakitic Granite Unit in the Yanshan Fold and Thrust Belt:New Constraints from U-Pb Geochronology and Sr-Nd-Hf Isotopes

The Nianzi granite unit,which includes the Nianzi,Xiaolianghou and Xiawopu granitic intrusions,is a significant component of the northern part of the North China Craton(NCC)and is situated in the Yanshan fold and thrust belt(YFTB).However,there is still debate regarding the tectonic evolutionary history of the YFTB during the late Permian to Triassic period,specifically regarding the timing of subduction and collision between the NCC and the Paleo-Asian Ocean.The Nianzi granite unit exhibits unique petrological,geochronological and geochemical signatures that shed light on the tectonic evolutionary history of the YFTB.This study presents detailed petrology,whole-rock geochemistry,together with Sr-Nd isotopic,zircon U-Pb dating and Lu-Hf isotopic data of the granites within the Nianzi granite unit.Our findings demonstrate that the granites primarily consist of subhedral K-feldspar,plagioclase,quartz,minor biotite and hornblende,with accessory titanite,apatite,magnetite and zircon.Zircon U-Pb dating indicates that the Xiaolianghou granite was emplaced at 247.5±0.62 Ma.Additionally,the adakitic characteristics of the Nianzi,Xiawopu and Xiaolianghou granitic intrusions,such as high Sr and Ba contents and high ratios of Sr/Y and(La/Yb)N,combined with negative Sr-Nd and Lu-Hf isotopes(87Sr/86Sr)i=0.705681–0.7057433,εNd(t)=−21.98 to−20.97,zirconεHf(t)=−20.26 to−9.92,as well as the I-type granite features of high SiO_(2),Na_(2)O and K_(2)O/Na_(2)O ratios,enriched Rb,K,Sr and Ba,along with depleted Th,U,Nb,Ta,P and Ti,suggest that the Nianzi granitic unit was mainly derived from the partial melting of a thickened lower crust containing hydrous,calc-alkaline to high-K calc-alkaline,mafic to intermediate metamorphic rocks.In light of these parameters,we further integrate our data with previous studies and conclude that the Nianzi granitic unit was generated in a post-collisional extensional environment during the Early Triassic.

A review of classical hydrogen isotopes storage materials

Hydrogen storage alloys(HSAs)are attracting widespread interest in the nuclear industry because of the generation of stable metal hydrides after tritium absorption,thus effectively preventing the leakage of radioactive tritium.Commonly used HSAs in the hydrogen isotopes field are Zr2M(M=Co,Ni,Fe)alloys,metallic Pd,depleted U,and ZrCo alloy.Specifically,Zr2M(M=Co,Ni,Fe)alloys are considered promising tritium-getter materials,and metallic Pd is utilized to separate and purify hydrogen isotopes.Furthermore,depleted U and ZrCo alloy are well suited for storing and delivering hydrogen isotopes.Notably,all the aforementioned HSAs need to modulate their hydrogen storage properties for complex operating conditions.In this review,we present a comprehensive overview of the reported modification methods applied to the above alloys.Alloying is an effective amelioration method that mainly modulates the properties of HSAs by altering their local geometrical/electronic structures.Besides,microstructural modifications such as nano-sizing and nanopores have been used to increase the specific surface area and active sites of metallic Pd and ZrCo alloys for enhancing de-/hydrogenation kinetics.The combination of metallic Pd with support materials can significantly reduce the cost and enhance the pulverization resistance.Moreover,the poisoning resistance of ZrCo alloy is improved by constructing active surfaces with selective permeability.Overall,the review is constructive for better understanding the properties and mechanisms of hydrogen isotope storage alloys and provides effective guidance for future modification research.

Linkage between precipitation isotopes and water vapor sources in the monsoon margin:Evidence from arid areas of Northwest China

The isotope composition in precipitation has been widely considered as a tracer of monsoon activity.Compared with the coastal region,the monsoon margin usually has limited precipitation with large fluctuation and is usually sensitive to climate change.The water resource management in the monsoon margin should be better planned by understanding the composition of precipitation isotope and its influencing factors.In this study,the precipitation samples were collected at five sampling sites(Baiyin City,Kongtong District,Maqu County,Wudu District,and Yinchuan City)of the monsoon margin in the northwest of China in 2022 to analyze the characteristics of stable hydrogen(δD)and oxygen(δ18O)isotopes.We analyzed the impact of meteorological factors(temperature,precipitation,and relative humidity)on the composition of precipitation isotope at daily level by regression analysis,utilized the Hybrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory(HYSPLIT)-based backward trajectory model to simulate the air mass trajectory of precipitation events,and adopted the potential source contribution function(PSCF)and concentration weighted trajectory(CWT)to analyze the water vapor sources.The results showed that compared with the global meteoric water line(GMWL),the slope of the local meteoric water line(LMWL;δD=7.34δ^(18)O-1.16)was lower,indicating the existence of strong regional evaporation in the study area.Temperature significantly contributed toδ18O value,while relative humidity had a significant negative effect onδ18O value.Through the backward trajectory analysis,we found eight primary locations that were responsible for the water vapor sources of precipitation in the study area,of which moisture from the Indian Ocean to South China Sea(ITSC)and the western continental(CW)had the greatest influence on precipitation in the study area.The hydrogen and oxygen isotopes in precipitation are significantly influenced by the sources and transportation paths of air mass.In addition,the results of PSCF and CWT analysis showed that the water vapor source areas were primarily distributed in the south and northwest direction of the study area.

Metallogenesis and hydrothermal evolution of the Tonggou Cu deposit in the Eastern Tianshan:Evidence from fluid inclusions,H-O-S isotopes,and Re-Os geochronology

The Tonggou Cu polymetallic deposit in the Bogda Orogenic Belt,Eastern Tianshan shows evidence for three stages of hydrothermal mineralization:early pyrite veins(Stage 1),polymetallic sulfide±epidote-quartz(Stage 2),and late-stage pyrite-calcite veins(Stage 3).Fluid inclusion petrography and microthermometry analyses indicate that the liquid-rich aqueous inclusions(L),vapour-rich aqueous inclusions(V),and NaCl daughter mineral-bearing three phase inclusions(S)formed during the main stage of mineralization,and that the ore fluids represent high-temperature and high-salinity H20-NaCl hydrothermal fluids that underwent boiling.Stable isotope(H,O)data indicate that the ore fluids of the Tonggou deposit were originally derived from magmatic water in Stage 2 and subsequently mixed with local meteoric water during Stage 3.Sulphur isotope compositions(6.7‰to 10.9‰)are consistent with theδ^34 S values of pyrite from the Qijiaojing Formation sandstone,indicating the primary source of the sulphur ore.Furthermore,chalcopyrite grains separated from the chalcopyrite-rich ore samples yield an isochron age of 303±12 Ma(MSWD=1.2).These results indicate that the Tonggou deposit is a transition between high-sulfidation and porphyry deposits which formed in the Late Carboniferous.It also suggests an increased likelihood for the occurrence of Cu(Au,Mo)in the Bogda Orogenic Belt,especially at locations where the Cu-Zn deposits are thicker;further deep drilling and exploration are encouraged in these areas.

富碳质地质样品Re-Os同位素体系研究进展

Re-Os同位素定年技术在富有机质沉积岩、低变质沉积岩、湖相沉积物、煤、油气藏样品等富碳质地质样品的尝试和成功应用,使其成为直接厘定地层沉积时代、重大地质事件发生时限和机制、古环境重建、油气藏直接定年、油气演化过程推演等研究的关键技术手段。然而,受到富碳质地质样品中极低的Re和Os丰度、采样方式以及地质作用等因素的影响,很多样品的Re-Os等时线年龄和初始Os同位素比值精度超过10%,不能有效地评价海水Os的真实来源和地质作用程度,影响了对不同沉积体系及油气演化过程中Re和Os的化学行为和Re-Os等时线年龄地质意义的理解。由此,本文从富碳质地质样品的Re-Os化学行为和地质应用进展出发,对富碳质地质样品Re-Os同位素分析过程中的采样和取样方式、溶样方法、分离富集方式和标准物质选择四方面进行了总结和完善。指出以沉积速率为采样间距参考,通过预处理方式提高样品的均匀性,使用流程空白更低、对同位素分馏影响更小的溶样方法和分离富集方式进行Re-Os同位素分析,以基质匹配的地质标样进行数据监控可进一步提高样品Re-Os同位素分析质量,有助于不同类型富碳质地质样品Re和Os赋存机制研究、Re-Os同位素分析技术开发及地质应用拓展。

赣南雷公嶂钼矿床辉钼矿Re-Os年龄及其地质意义

雷公嶂钼矿床是赣南地区新发现的一座具中型钼矿找矿前景的独立钼矿床,成矿特征明显区别于赣南已发现的与钨多金属共(伴)生的钼矿床。为确定矿床成矿时代,文章利用高精度ICP-MS辉钼矿Re-Os同位素测年技术,首次获得了雷公嶂钼矿床的辉钼矿Re-Os同位素加权平均模式年龄,为(156.3±1.0)Ma,等时线年龄为(156.9±3.6)Ma,证实了矿床成岩与成矿作用同时发生,形成于南岭地区燕山早期中晚侏罗世(165~150 Ma)。矿床中辉钼矿的w(Re)为6.104×10-6~13.974×10-6,平均为8.507×10-6,结合矿床地质特征和成矿岩体主量元素及Hf同位素等证据,文章认为成矿物质来自地壳,没有地幔物质加入。结合赣南地区成岩与成矿年代学资料,文章认为区内钨钼多金属矿床形成于华南中生代岩石圈大规模伸展-减薄的地球动力学背景。

青海省牛苦头铅锌矿床成矿时代研究:来自成矿岩体年代学和黄铁矿Re-Os地球化学证据

东昆仑造山带祁漫塔格地区是青海重要的矽卡岩多金属成矿带,牛苦头矽卡岩型矿床位于该地区中西段,为祁漫塔格地区探明的中-大型矽卡岩型铅锌多金属矿床之一。鉴于矿区成岩成矿时代以及金属成矿物质来源存在争议,笔者通过LA-ICP-MS及热表面电离质谱Re-Os同位素测试技术对锆石及黄铁矿年代学进行了研究。结果表明,牛苦头矿区M1矿段10线钻孔底部成矿花岗岩体年龄分别为(362.2±2.7)Ma、(361.8±3.4)Ma,与主成矿阶段闪锌矿密切共生的黄铁矿Re-Os等时线年龄为(359.2±6.3)Ma。牛苦头矿区矽卡岩铅锌多金属矿床成岩与成矿时代耦合于(362.2±2.7)~(359.2±6.3)Ma,表明该矽卡型铅锌多金属矿床形成于华力西期晚泥盆世。黄铁矿初始187OS/188Os值为0.13±0.24,表明牛苦头铅锌矿床金属成矿物质为壳幔混合来源,形成于晚泥盆世早古生代—晚古生代早期构造-岩浆旋回中碰撞-后碰撞的拉伸背景之下。

黑龙江多宝山铜(钼)矿床叠加成矿:辉钼矿Re-Os年龄和硫化物原位硫同位素证据

斑岩型矿床易受后期岩浆、构造、变质等地质作用影响,使得矿床自身发生改造变形。后期的热事件不仅可以将原有矿体再活化,还能够带来新的成矿物质,进而发生新一期成矿作用。不同地质时期的成矿作用在同一空间互相叠加,会形成与斑岩矿床矿化特征截然不同的矿床,称为叠加改造型斑岩矿床。多宝山铜(钼)矿床位于中亚造山带东段,兴蒙造山带内。该矿床在成矿构造地质、矿石组构和成矿期次等方面表现出多期改造与叠加成矿的特征。本次根据野外观察和成矿年代学研究,推测多宝山铜矿至少存在两期成矿作用。对采自矿坑340平台10件叠加矿化类型的辉钼矿样品进行Re-Os同位素分析,获得辉钼矿的模式年龄介于435.6±10.5Ma~446.1±7.1Ma之间,等时线年龄为440.1±4.5Ma (MSWD=0.56)。结合前人获得的年龄资料,确认多宝山叠加成矿与晚奥陶世玄武安山岩应形成于统一的成岩成矿地质事件。不同矿化期次的黄铜矿和黄铁矿原位硫同位素结果显示:典型斑岩型矿脉中黄铜矿δ^(34)S平均值为-2.12‰;叠加矿化黄铜矿δ^(34)S平均值为-1.78‰,黄铁矿δ^(34)S平均值为-1.03‰,均落入幔源硫范围,表明硫主要来自岩浆。而前人在叠加期形成的黄铜矿中,测试到较低的δ^(34)S值(-12.9‰~-5.6‰),这是后期流体易携带轻硫^(32)S发生迁移并在应力较低的区域内重新沉淀的结果。同位素组成指示叠加成矿期的矿化元素即来源于新的岩浆活动,又继承了先前存在的岩(矿)体。

江西昆山钼钨铜多金属矿床辉钼矿Re-Os年代及其对成矿地球动力学演化的启示

【研究目的】昆山钼钨铜多金属矿床行政区划分属于江西修水县境内,大地构造位置位于江南造山带中段之九岭隆起东段。本次研究试图对昆山W-Cu-Mo多金属矿床成矿年龄进行精准约束,为该矿床成矿作用研究、成矿规律总结提供年代学证据,同时对该矿床成岩成矿关系、成矿物质来源作简要探讨,并对大湖塘钨多金属矿集区成矿期次进行划分。【研究方法】本文对昆山钼钨铜多金属矿床开展了辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年代学研究。【研究结果】实验获得的10件辉钼矿等时线年龄为(148.8±1.0)Ma,MSWD=0.42,Re-Os加权平均年龄为(148.7±0.7)Ma,MSWD=0.10,加权平均年龄与等时线年龄基本一致,因此本次所采集的样品Re-Os体系是封闭的。187Re和187Os沿等时线距离拉开的较远,表明本次定年数据较为可靠。昆山矿床成矿作用发生稍滞后于似斑状黑云母花岗岩侵位时限,与晚侏罗世这期岩浆活动有成因联系。昆山钼钨铜多金属矿床的成矿物质以壳源为主,考虑到存在较高Re两个样品(n×10-5),说明可能存在部分幔源的成矿物质参与了该矿床的形成。【结论】软流圈物质自晚侏罗世开始,沿着NNE向深断裂与先期(晋宁晚期)形成的NEE向古断裂的交汇部位上涌,通过热传导效应引起地壳物质发生部分熔融,于大湖塘地区形成了似斑状黑云母花岗岩(岩株)、细粒黑云母花岗岩(小岩株)、花岗斑岩(岩脉或岩枝)等一系列中酸性侵入岩。

四川省同德石墨矿床地球化学特征及Re-Os同位素定年

攀枝花同德石墨矿床位于扬子板块西缘增生带,本文对矿区矿石和赋矿围岩进行全岩地球化学分析、对矿石进行碳同位素测定、Re-Os同位素测年、对矿石及其赋矿岩石进行了原岩恢复并探讨了成矿环境。研究表明,矿石SiO_(2)为55.65%~61.68%,SiO_(2)/Al_(2)O_(3)比值为4.59~5.42,Ni/Co比值6.23~12.88,富集Ba、Rb、Sr等大离子亲石元素和Nb、Zr、Hf、Th、U等高场强元素。矿石的稀土元素总量ΣREE为149.13×10^(-6)~195.37×10^(-6),具有弱的Ce负异常和Eu负异常,代表了缺氧的海相沉积环境。矿石中δ^(13)CV-PDB值为-25.0‰~-23.5‰,位于生物成因的有机碳范围内,表明其成矿碳质主要来源于有机物。石墨的Re-Os同位素年龄为983±72 Ma(MSWD=1.7),时代归属为新元古代早期,早于同德周边岩浆岩侵入时代。Re的含量介于27.66×10^(-9)~79.81×10^(-9),普通Os和^(187)Os的含量分别为0.52×10^(-9)~2.16×10^(-9)、0.28×10^(-9)~0.83×10^(-9),相对于Re、Os在地壳中的丰度显著富集。^(187)Re/^(188)Os比值为122.9~350.5,Os同位素初始比值^(187)Os/^(188)Os=0.31±0.21。结合野外地质调查对同德地区矿石和赋矿云母石英片岩进行原岩恢复,得出其原岩为沉积岩。

基于文献可视化方法的Re-Os同位素定年研究进展分析

文献资料是知识传播的重要载体,具有系统性、连续性、数量大、更新快等特点,是重要的信息源,文献资料的可视化研究对知识的传播具有重要意义。当前文献资料的可视化研究多与文献计量分析方法相结合,将文献之间的关系以科学知识图谱的方式可视化地展现,这一技术方法的应用在挖掘文献数据蕴含的信息和规律上发挥了重要作用,但是在文献资料的空间属性挖掘展现上稍显不足,需要在这一领域开展深入研究。本文采用地理信息系统(GIS)技术进行了文献资料的空间可视化方法研究,形成了对文献数据进行信息挖掘和空间可视化的策略和技术路线,并以2015—2020年公开发表的Re-Os同位素定年文献数据为例,对该技术方法进行应用试验。结果表明:①研究区包含文献记载的2015—2020年期间开展Re-Os同位素定年研究工作的140多个矿产地,覆盖中国东中西部地区。②研究区主要矿种共19种,以铜(29.0%)、钼(28.3%)、钨(12.4%)、金(11.0%)为主。③检测对象共计12种,以辉钼矿作为检测对象的研究占比达80.7%,表明辉钼矿仍是Re-Os同位素定年法的首选研究对象,这与辉钼矿的高Re/Os值特性密不可分。④检测年龄落在0~200Ma较新年龄区间矿产地占比达62.1%,多分布在中国东北和东南区域,表明东部地区的Re-Os同位素年龄集中分布在中生代,这与中国东部地区存在中生代大规模成矿事件是相一致的;落在200Ma以上年龄区间矿产地占比达37.9%,多分布在中国中部和西部区域,表明中西部地区的Re-Os同位素年龄集中分布在中生代以前,且具有多期次成矿的特点。本文提出的文献资料可视化技术方法在揭示同位素定年研究的重要目标区域、关键研究矿种和主要应用技术等方面,可提供空间可视化信息,为寻找当前成矿年代学研究的热点与难点提供参考。

内蒙古扎拉格阿木铜多金属矿床硫化物Re-Os年龄及其地质意义

内蒙古扎拉格阿木铜多金属矿床是近年来在大兴安岭中南段西坡发现的一处中型铜多金属矿床。矿床产出于花岗闪长岩体与中二叠统哲斯组外接触带,矿体分布受北东向断裂构造控制。本文运用Re-Os同位素定年法对主成矿阶段形成的辉钼矿和毒砂开展了成矿年龄测定,获得1件辉钼矿Re-Os模式年龄为141.81±0.84 Ma,3件毒砂Re-Os模式年龄分别为138.1±0.9、140.8±7.7和141.2±2.1 Ma,等时线年龄为137.7±1.7 Ma;4件样品的加权平均年龄为140.2±3.3 Ma。结果表明,该矿床形成于早白垩世,为燕山晚期构造-岩浆-成矿作用耦合的产物。扎拉格阿木铜多金属矿床成矿年龄的首次厘定,对该区铜多金属矿的勘查和矿床成因研究具有指示意义。

Re-Os Isotopic Age of Molybdenite of the Jingren Deposit and its Mineralogical Significance of Magnetite,Pyrite and Chalcopyrite

The Jingren deposit is part of the Qimantage metallogenic belt within the eastern Kunlun orogenic belt,the largest metallogenic belt in Qinghai Province,northwestern China.Exploration data show that the metal resources of the Jingren deposit are greater than 93000 t in a mining area of 76.15 km2,which indicates significant exploration potential in the near future.Three W–E-trending faults,F1-3,dominate the extension of the mineralization zone,which consists of chalcopyrite,pyrite,magnetite,galena,sphalerite,and molybdenite as well as bismuth-bearing minerals.The deposit contains a large amount of late Triassic intrusive rocks,however,previous research did not reach a consensus on the timing or the origin of the mineralization owing to a lack of geochronological data and poor exposure conditions.In the present study,Re-Os isotopic dating from six molybdenite samples collected from a borehole of the granodiorite in the Jingren deposit using negative thermal ionization mass spectrometry(NTIMS)showed 187 Re and 187 Os concentrations of 0.26–4.40 ppm and 1.03–16.46 ppb,respectively,with an initial 187 Os/188 Os value of 0.06±0.19.This proves that the Jingren deposit has a metallogenic age of(225±4)Ma and is the product of united mineralization of the Qimantage metallogenic belt and that the Jingren deposit might actually be an Indosinian metallogeny.In addition,the Re content of these samples,at 0.42 ppm to 7.00 ppm shows that the mineralization was derived mainly from a crustal source.Furthermore,electron probe microanalysis(EPMA)conducted on chalcopyrite obtained from 22 metallic mineral samples revealed(Fe+Cu)/S ratios of 1.801–1.947 with an average of 1.852,which is lower than the ideal value(1.875).Besides,the main ore body formed in a relatively higher temperature environment than the surrounding rocks in the Jingren deposit.These data indicate that the Jingren deposit formed in a metallogenic environment at lower temperature.Moreover,according to the TiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3)-(MgO+MnO)and TiO_(2)-Al_(2)O_(3)-MgO genetic classification diagram for magnetite,the Jingren deposit most likely belongs to the skarn family.In addition,the Co-Ni-As genetic classification diagram of the pyrite indicates sedimentary and skarn genetic characteristics.