Wasting has been observed as a common feature of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease since the first reports and its presence increases the risk of death. There is no consensus on how to manage wasting asso...Wasting has been observed as a common feature of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease since the first reports and its presence increases the risk of death. There is no consensus on how to manage wasting associated with HIV. The goal of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a locally made Chickpea Sesame Based RUTF (CS-RUTF) in treating wasting associated with HIV in developing countries. Chronically sick adults from Mangochi Health District (Malawi) with wasting and confirmed or presumptive clinical diagnosis of HIV were recruited for the study. Subjects received a daily ration of 500 grams of CS-RUTF for 3 to 5 months. Nutrition status changes and mortality were used to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. There were 3 patterns of anthropometric responses continuous weight gain (WG), static weight (SW) and continuation weight loss (WL). The distribution of the 3 patterns is 53.9% (82/154) for the WG pattern, 9.1% (14/154) for the SW pattern and 37.0% (57/154) for the WL pattern. For the WG pattern, the overall median weight gain was 4.6 (2.4 to 7.1) kg. It was 5.7 (3.5 to 7.8) kg for those who completed 3 months of sup-plementation. MUAC and BMI changes followed similar pattern than weight change. Not being on HAART, acute diarrhoea during follow up, episode of reduced appetite during follow up, missing at least one visit were identified as risk factors for intervention failure. Overall, 38.5% (72/187) of study participants died during the intervention. In conclusion, despite that the study confirms the limited impact of food based interventions on mortality among wasted HIV positive individuals, it also suggests that supplementation with CS-RUTF may be an effective intervention for reversing wasting associated with HIV if combined with HAART and specific treatment of severe opportunistic infection causing diarrhoea and reducing appetite.展开更多
Although its utilization is greatly disputed, ready-to-use therapeutic food has been started as clinical nutrition care and treatment for malnourished adult AIDS patients since 2011 in Amhara National Regional State. ...Although its utilization is greatly disputed, ready-to-use therapeutic food has been started as clinical nutrition care and treatment for malnourished adult AIDS patients since 2011 in Amhara National Regional State. However, factors determining the intended outcome (weight gain) have not been properly investigated. The main objective of the study was to assess improvement in body mass index and to identify its determinant factors. A retrospective cohort study design was conducted. Cluster sampling was employed to select health facilities in which the service was provided in the region. Of the 44 health facilities, nine were selected using lottery method, and all patients receiving the care in these health institutions were included in the study. Using tailored structured checklist, data were collected, organized and cleaned. Using paired T-test existence of difference between the mean of body mass index at admission and at 3rd visit was measured. Finally analysis of association between some selected independent variables with the outcome variable was done using logistic regression model at 95% CI and p 2). Paired T-test revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between mean of body mass index at admission and at the 3rd visit. Good ready-to-use therapeutic food treatment adherence (AOR 11.145;95% CI 6.556, 18.946), moderate acute malnutrition at admission (AOR 6.71;95% CI 2.618, 17.195), good ART adherence (AOR 2.136;95% CI, 1.269, 3.595) and being male (AOR 1.73;95% CI 1.052, 2.850) have a statistically significant contribution for body mass index improvement. The study identifies factors that determine gain in body mass index among AIDS patients on ready-to-use therapeutic food. However, although the study revealed a statistically significant difference between body mass index during enrolment, and after three months, we disagreed with the right and left utilization of imported food because of lack of sustainability, and aid dependency. We rather recommend interventions that encourage households to produce food with similar outcomes from locally available food staff.展开更多
Therapeutic foods for the treatment of malnutrition in children under age 5 years are mostly imported from developed countries by developing countries like Ghana. This comes with huge cost and puts pressure on health ...Therapeutic foods for the treatment of malnutrition in children under age 5 years are mostly imported from developed countries by developing countries like Ghana. This comes with huge cost and puts pressure on health authorities when these supplies are limited. The objective of this study was therefore to develop and evaluate therapeutic food made from locally agricultural produce (banana, coconut water, soybean, sugar and vegetable oil) for the management of severely acute malnutrition in children under age 5 years. The proximate, mineral and microbial analyses were conducted on the developed product to ensure the standard falls within the requirement of WHO Protocol for the treatment of malnutrition in children. Sensory analysis was also done on the product using children under five years as the target group. The chemical analysis of product revealed energy and protein content of 95.96 kcal and 1.61 g per 100 g respectively, and percentage concentration of Calcium (0.74), Magnesium (1.09), Potassium (4.79), Sodium (0.17), Phosphorus (0.28), Iron (0.0080), Copper (0.0064), Manganese (0.0089) and Zinc (0.0174). The microbiological examination indicated aerobic plate count (20 cfu/mL), yeast count (8.5 cfu/mL), coliform count (3 cfu/mL) and zero count for both mould and E. Coli. This shows that, the developed product has the potential of treating malnutrition effectively in children under five years old.展开更多
Cancer cachexia and treatment-induced side effects can contribute to deterioration in nutritional status in patients declining the quality of life and survival rates. Culinary practices may provide new strategies to m...Cancer cachexia and treatment-induced side effects can contribute to deterioration in nutritional status in patients declining the quality of life and survival rates. Culinary practices may provide new strategies to minimize the symptoms. NEODIA (learning to live with a cancer on a day-to-day basis) is an observational program whose objective is to better understand the occurrence of treatment-related side effects as well as culinary and dietary habits in cancer patients followed in the Cancer Unit of the Beauvais City Hospital, France. First study step in 2010 has investigated culinary solutions to improve the quality of life of the patient at home. The present part tries in particular to answer the question if the culinary advising is transposable to the offer of restoration proposed by institutions of care in oncology. We first conducted an investigation on the determinants of quality of life in patients currently treated in a hospital service involving 41 people. In a second step, we are collecting information on the food supply itself, using advising of some patient’s specially prepared to test meals as a translational research expertise. The results of our survey show that patient’s remarks constitute real guidelines to adapt the practices in culinary production and healthy catering management. Based on these results, the consistency of frozen prepared meals has been analyzed regarding their potential to regulate the under nutrition-inducing treatment-related side effects. Conducted by the patient’s panel of the translational research group the study highlights the benefits of agro-food products and margins of progress.展开更多
Introduction: In Chad, malnutrition is a silent emergency. Yet the use of local products in the fight against malnutrition is essential. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of locally sourced enriche...Introduction: In Chad, malnutrition is a silent emergency. Yet the use of local products in the fight against malnutrition is essential. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of locally sourced enriched flour in the recovery of children 6 to 59 months of moderate acute malnourishment compared to Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Foods (Plumpy’ Sup) in the city of Abéché-Chad. Methodology: This study took place from 1 October 2021 to 31 January 2022 in the city of Abéché, capital of the province of Ouaddaï. It was conducted in eight (8) urban health centers in the city of Abéché and concerned eighty (80) children with moderate acute malnutrition. It was based on a consumption assessment of two complementary foods by two groups of children. The assessment of nutritional status was made through anthropometric data such as weight, height and brachial perimeter. Results: All 80 children were tested for moderate acute malnutrition. Two complementary foods have been used which are locally produced flour and the Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food. The study showed that the group 1 who consumed the locally produced flour had an average weight gain of 1100 g and the group 2 who consumed the Plumpy sup had an average weight gain of 400 g. Conclusion: The present study carried out in Abéché allowed us to compare the effectiveness of locally produced weaning flours with Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Foods on moderate malnourished child weight growth in the nutritional units of the town of Abéché.展开更多
Present review article explains the dietary and nutritional value of various fish derived natural food products.Fish is a good source of important nutrients such as proteins,fats,vitamins and minerals.Fish oil contain...Present review article explains the dietary and nutritional value of various fish derived natural food products.Fish is a good source of important nutrients such as proteins,fats,vitamins and minerals.Fish oil contains polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)mainly omega-3 fatty acids,eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA),docosahexaenoic acid(DHA),and eicosanoids.Fish contains high-quality protein(~14-16 percent)and is consumed worldwide.This article also emphasizes therapeutic uses of fish nutrients and oil in healing of wounds,hyper pigmentation,dermatitis,and in cardiovascular risks.Fish oil polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)are highly beneficial in cardiovascular problems and dermatitis.Fish oil is good for skin-related diseases such as photo-ageing and melanogenesis These also affect anticancer,wound healing and anti-depressant activity.In the present review various local,national,and international processed fish derived food currently available in the market fish dishes have been mentioned.展开更多
Food must supply a balance of nutrients to support both brain and body.The human brain makes us uniquely human.Essential fatty acids are part of the metabolic pathways that define tissue structure and function.Omega-6...Food must supply a balance of nutrients to support both brain and body.The human brain makes us uniquely human.Essential fatty acids are part of the metabolic pathways that define tissue structure and function.Omega-6(O6)linoleic acid(LA6)has long been known to be required for skin structure,and as a precursor for inflammatory,thrombotic,immune,and other signaling molecules.Omega-3(O3)alpha-linolenic acid(ALA3)and particularly its long chain product docosahexaenoic acid(DHA3)has a key structural role in the brain,retina,and related neural tissue.In the 20 th century western world,inexpensive,high quality oils primarily from LA6-rich/O3-poor vegetable seed oils became dominant fats produced by the food industry.Provision of LA6-rich/O3-poor oils as the sole source of fat in the diets of pregnant animals causes O3 deficiency and poor brain development,primarily because high LA6 antagonizes metabolism of all O3,creating an artificial metabolic demand for O3.Data developed over the last 2~3 decades show that provision of low LA6 combined with preformed DHA3 optimizes brain function.Recent studies emphasize the importance of nutrition to support brain development,with newer findings showing particular importance of fatty acid balance in malnourished children.The World Health Organization(WHO)through the Codex Alimentarius(“Code for Food”)is increasingly recognizing the primacy of brain health and in part on that basis recently acted to recommend balanced fat for Ready-to-Use-Therapeutic Foods used to treat children with severe acute malnutrition.Similar principles are likely to be important in older persons.Industry now has the tools to adjust the composition of oils to support brain health throughout the life cycle.展开更多
文摘Wasting has been observed as a common feature of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) disease since the first reports and its presence increases the risk of death. There is no consensus on how to manage wasting associated with HIV. The goal of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a locally made Chickpea Sesame Based RUTF (CS-RUTF) in treating wasting associated with HIV in developing countries. Chronically sick adults from Mangochi Health District (Malawi) with wasting and confirmed or presumptive clinical diagnosis of HIV were recruited for the study. Subjects received a daily ration of 500 grams of CS-RUTF for 3 to 5 months. Nutrition status changes and mortality were used to assess the effectiveness of the intervention. There were 3 patterns of anthropometric responses continuous weight gain (WG), static weight (SW) and continuation weight loss (WL). The distribution of the 3 patterns is 53.9% (82/154) for the WG pattern, 9.1% (14/154) for the SW pattern and 37.0% (57/154) for the WL pattern. For the WG pattern, the overall median weight gain was 4.6 (2.4 to 7.1) kg. It was 5.7 (3.5 to 7.8) kg for those who completed 3 months of sup-plementation. MUAC and BMI changes followed similar pattern than weight change. Not being on HAART, acute diarrhoea during follow up, episode of reduced appetite during follow up, missing at least one visit were identified as risk factors for intervention failure. Overall, 38.5% (72/187) of study participants died during the intervention. In conclusion, despite that the study confirms the limited impact of food based interventions on mortality among wasted HIV positive individuals, it also suggests that supplementation with CS-RUTF may be an effective intervention for reversing wasting associated with HIV if combined with HAART and specific treatment of severe opportunistic infection causing diarrhoea and reducing appetite.
文摘Although its utilization is greatly disputed, ready-to-use therapeutic food has been started as clinical nutrition care and treatment for malnourished adult AIDS patients since 2011 in Amhara National Regional State. However, factors determining the intended outcome (weight gain) have not been properly investigated. The main objective of the study was to assess improvement in body mass index and to identify its determinant factors. A retrospective cohort study design was conducted. Cluster sampling was employed to select health facilities in which the service was provided in the region. Of the 44 health facilities, nine were selected using lottery method, and all patients receiving the care in these health institutions were included in the study. Using tailored structured checklist, data were collected, organized and cleaned. Using paired T-test existence of difference between the mean of body mass index at admission and at 3rd visit was measured. Finally analysis of association between some selected independent variables with the outcome variable was done using logistic regression model at 95% CI and p 2). Paired T-test revealed that there was a statistically significant difference between mean of body mass index at admission and at the 3rd visit. Good ready-to-use therapeutic food treatment adherence (AOR 11.145;95% CI 6.556, 18.946), moderate acute malnutrition at admission (AOR 6.71;95% CI 2.618, 17.195), good ART adherence (AOR 2.136;95% CI, 1.269, 3.595) and being male (AOR 1.73;95% CI 1.052, 2.850) have a statistically significant contribution for body mass index improvement. The study identifies factors that determine gain in body mass index among AIDS patients on ready-to-use therapeutic food. However, although the study revealed a statistically significant difference between body mass index during enrolment, and after three months, we disagreed with the right and left utilization of imported food because of lack of sustainability, and aid dependency. We rather recommend interventions that encourage households to produce food with similar outcomes from locally available food staff.
文摘Therapeutic foods for the treatment of malnutrition in children under age 5 years are mostly imported from developed countries by developing countries like Ghana. This comes with huge cost and puts pressure on health authorities when these supplies are limited. The objective of this study was therefore to develop and evaluate therapeutic food made from locally agricultural produce (banana, coconut water, soybean, sugar and vegetable oil) for the management of severely acute malnutrition in children under age 5 years. The proximate, mineral and microbial analyses were conducted on the developed product to ensure the standard falls within the requirement of WHO Protocol for the treatment of malnutrition in children. Sensory analysis was also done on the product using children under five years as the target group. The chemical analysis of product revealed energy and protein content of 95.96 kcal and 1.61 g per 100 g respectively, and percentage concentration of Calcium (0.74), Magnesium (1.09), Potassium (4.79), Sodium (0.17), Phosphorus (0.28), Iron (0.0080), Copper (0.0064), Manganese (0.0089) and Zinc (0.0174). The microbiological examination indicated aerobic plate count (20 cfu/mL), yeast count (8.5 cfu/mL), coliform count (3 cfu/mL) and zero count for both mould and E. Coli. This shows that, the developed product has the potential of treating malnutrition effectively in children under five years old.
文摘Cancer cachexia and treatment-induced side effects can contribute to deterioration in nutritional status in patients declining the quality of life and survival rates. Culinary practices may provide new strategies to minimize the symptoms. NEODIA (learning to live with a cancer on a day-to-day basis) is an observational program whose objective is to better understand the occurrence of treatment-related side effects as well as culinary and dietary habits in cancer patients followed in the Cancer Unit of the Beauvais City Hospital, France. First study step in 2010 has investigated culinary solutions to improve the quality of life of the patient at home. The present part tries in particular to answer the question if the culinary advising is transposable to the offer of restoration proposed by institutions of care in oncology. We first conducted an investigation on the determinants of quality of life in patients currently treated in a hospital service involving 41 people. In a second step, we are collecting information on the food supply itself, using advising of some patient’s specially prepared to test meals as a translational research expertise. The results of our survey show that patient’s remarks constitute real guidelines to adapt the practices in culinary production and healthy catering management. Based on these results, the consistency of frozen prepared meals has been analyzed regarding their potential to regulate the under nutrition-inducing treatment-related side effects. Conducted by the patient’s panel of the translational research group the study highlights the benefits of agro-food products and margins of progress.
文摘Introduction: In Chad, malnutrition is a silent emergency. Yet the use of local products in the fight against malnutrition is essential. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of locally sourced enriched flour in the recovery of children 6 to 59 months of moderate acute malnourishment compared to Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Foods (Plumpy’ Sup) in the city of Abéché-Chad. Methodology: This study took place from 1 October 2021 to 31 January 2022 in the city of Abéché, capital of the province of Ouaddaï. It was conducted in eight (8) urban health centers in the city of Abéché and concerned eighty (80) children with moderate acute malnutrition. It was based on a consumption assessment of two complementary foods by two groups of children. The assessment of nutritional status was made through anthropometric data such as weight, height and brachial perimeter. Results: All 80 children were tested for moderate acute malnutrition. Two complementary foods have been used which are locally produced flour and the Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Food. The study showed that the group 1 who consumed the locally produced flour had an average weight gain of 1100 g and the group 2 who consumed the Plumpy sup had an average weight gain of 400 g. Conclusion: The present study carried out in Abéché allowed us to compare the effectiveness of locally produced weaning flours with Ready-to-Use Therapeutic Foods on moderate malnourished child weight growth in the nutritional units of the town of Abéché.
文摘Present review article explains the dietary and nutritional value of various fish derived natural food products.Fish is a good source of important nutrients such as proteins,fats,vitamins and minerals.Fish oil contains polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)mainly omega-3 fatty acids,eicosapentaenoic acid(EPA),docosahexaenoic acid(DHA),and eicosanoids.Fish contains high-quality protein(~14-16 percent)and is consumed worldwide.This article also emphasizes therapeutic uses of fish nutrients and oil in healing of wounds,hyper pigmentation,dermatitis,and in cardiovascular risks.Fish oil polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)are highly beneficial in cardiovascular problems and dermatitis.Fish oil is good for skin-related diseases such as photo-ageing and melanogenesis These also affect anticancer,wound healing and anti-depressant activity.In the present review various local,national,and international processed fish derived food currently available in the market fish dishes have been mentioned.
基金US National Institutes of Health(R01s AT007003,GM103437,GM71534,EY10208,GM49209)Unorthodox Philanthropy+3 种基金Open Philanthropythe Hickey Family Foundationthe Children’s Discovery InstituteWiley Companies。
文摘Food must supply a balance of nutrients to support both brain and body.The human brain makes us uniquely human.Essential fatty acids are part of the metabolic pathways that define tissue structure and function.Omega-6(O6)linoleic acid(LA6)has long been known to be required for skin structure,and as a precursor for inflammatory,thrombotic,immune,and other signaling molecules.Omega-3(O3)alpha-linolenic acid(ALA3)and particularly its long chain product docosahexaenoic acid(DHA3)has a key structural role in the brain,retina,and related neural tissue.In the 20 th century western world,inexpensive,high quality oils primarily from LA6-rich/O3-poor vegetable seed oils became dominant fats produced by the food industry.Provision of LA6-rich/O3-poor oils as the sole source of fat in the diets of pregnant animals causes O3 deficiency and poor brain development,primarily because high LA6 antagonizes metabolism of all O3,creating an artificial metabolic demand for O3.Data developed over the last 2~3 decades show that provision of low LA6 combined with preformed DHA3 optimizes brain function.Recent studies emphasize the importance of nutrition to support brain development,with newer findings showing particular importance of fatty acid balance in malnourished children.The World Health Organization(WHO)through the Codex Alimentarius(“Code for Food”)is increasingly recognizing the primacy of brain health and in part on that basis recently acted to recommend balanced fat for Ready-to-Use-Therapeutic Foods used to treat children with severe acute malnutrition.Similar principles are likely to be important in older persons.Industry now has the tools to adjust the composition of oils to support brain health throughout the life cycle.
