Overview of the Reports on the Reformation of Personal Income Taxation

Presentation of the reports on the reformation of personal income taxation that have been prepared with a development plan for the Greek economy,that discuss the issue of taxation and point out its important features.The goal is the complete modernization of the tax system,so that it responds more fully to the principles of social justice,contributes to the economic development of the country and is governed by simple and modern procedures,which apply to all tax objects.The purpose of the study is to deepen the proposals for tax reform based on the peculiarities of the Greek economy,the international trends in this field and the weaknesses of the tax system.The effects of a tax reformation are analyzed and how it should take the form of the reform,which,however,requires a new legislation,which will bring about radical and deep cuts,which respond to the new conditions and the internationalization of the economy.Proposals for a set of structural measures,which are necessary for the country’s adaptation to the wider European environment and the elimination of the weaknesses that increase its distance from the other member countries.Citation of the common points of the reports on the reformation of personal income taxation and their adoption by the tax leadership.

China＇s Real Estate Tax Reform： Past, Present and Future

Since 1978, China＇s reform of real estate tax has made great strides with important milestones marked by the resumption of real estate tax collection on Chinese- funded enterprises and Chinese nationals. In the llth Five-Year Plan period （2006-2010）, the state administration completed the unification of tax rates for domestic and foreign- funded companies. However, the reform of real estate tax still requires many modifications during the 12th Five-Year Plan period （2011-2015）. The new plan should strive to streamline the tax system, adjust the tax base and tax rates, and delegate taxing authority.

Design and impact estimation of a reform program of China's tax and fee policies for low-grade oil and gas resources

With China＇s rapid economic development,it is important to formulate reasonable and feasible tax and fee policies to promote the development and utilization of low-grade oil and gas resources to guarantee China＇s energy supply security.In this paper,by analyzing major problems of China＇s current tax and fee policies for oil and gas resources,a reform program for low-grade oil and gas resources is designed from the aspects of tax/fee items and tax/fee rates.The impacts of this reform program on China and China＇s oil companies during the ＂Twelfth Five-Year Plan＂ are investigated according to the related data in 2008.The results show that the proposed tax and fee reform program will lower the tax burden of oil companies,promote the development of low-grade oil and gas resources,and increase China＇s GDP and national fiscal revenue.Besides that,it will bring positive social effects by increasing employment opportunities.

An Assessment of China's New Round of Reform of the Fiscal and Taxation Systems

Based on the Decisions of the CPC Central Committee on Some Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening Reforms and the Overall Plan on Deepening Fiscal and Tax Reforms, this paper presents a systematic assessment of the progress of China's new round of fiscal and tax reforms from November 2013 to October 2016 with the following findings. Reform of the budgetary management system has yielded initial results yet remains in the preliminary stage. While progress has been made in reforming indirect taxes, the reform of direct taxes is slow and presents a major obstacle. Despite breakthroughs, the progress of public finance reforms remains slow and impedes reforms on other fronts. Fiscal and tax reforms are uneven and should be implemented in coordination. Fiscal and tax reforms should more vigorously support overall reforms.

Strategic Perspectives on China's New Round of Tax Reform

China's current tax structure is seriously out of balance.It is dominated by indirect tax primarily paid by firms,and the share of direct tax is limited and the share of direct tax paid by households and individuals is still more limited.In order to achieve a more equitable distribution of the tax burden,the tax reform initiated by the Third Plenum of the 18 th CPC Central Committee mandated increasing the direct tax and reducing the indirect tax as key priorities to improve China's tax structure.

Effects of China's BT-to-VAT Reform on Listed Companies' Turnover Tax Burden

Using the data of China's listed companies during 2010-2014 as samples, this paper employs the PSM and DID methods to respectively investigate the effects of BTto-VAT reform on the turnover tax burden for companies in pilot regions(Shanghai and eight other provinces and municipalities) and the rest of China. Our study arrived at the following findings: Compared with pilot sectors in non-pilot regions, BT-to-VAT reform has no significant effect on the turnover tax burden of pilot companies in pilot regions; compared with non-pilot companies, BT-to-VAT reform slightly increased the turnover tax burden in the short run and somewhat reduced the turnover tax burden for pilot companies in the long run. Further differentiation of ownership nature led to the discovery that BT-toVAT reform somewhat reduced the turnover tax burden of SOEs and central SOEs, slightly increased the turnover tax burden for non-SOEs and local SOEs in pilot regions, slightly increased the turnover tax burden in the short run and somewhat reduced the turnover tax burden in the long run after nationwide pilot programs were introduced; BT-to-VAT reform has more significant effects on non-SOEs and local SOEs. In general, BT-to-VAT reform has no significant effects on the turnover tax burden of companies and after differentiating pilot regions, pilot sectors and ownership nature, we did not discover any significant effect, which is generally consistent with policy expectations.

The uniform enterprise income tax reform in China

In China, the income tax of enterprise is very different between foreign funded enterprises and other domestic enterprises. It is believed that this discrimination is harmful to the entire economy. So there is a reform in the tax system to build a uniform enterprise income tax. This is a significant reform in China＇s tax system, so every decision about this have to count the cost and the benefit carefully. The author has introduced the Computable General Equilibrium （CGE） to simulate this new tax system and value its benefit and cost. There are two different models in the paper; they are of different assumptions and for different purposes. Model I is a static CGE model and model II is a Ramsey Dynamic model. The static model is mainly used for comparative static approach to examine how the tax reform will change the endogenous variables. According to the results of the model, more goods will be produced by both of the DFEs and FIEs after the tax reform in the medium and low tax effective tax rate situations. If the nominal tax rates decrease 24.24% （from 33% to 25%）, the enterprise income tax will only reduce 19.36% and the total tax revenue will only reduce 1.911%. The dynamic model will concentrate on the costs and benefits during the transition. From the results of the model, a lower tax rate will increase the level of investment, capital stock, capital prices, wage rate and also the growth rates through transition. If the capital tax rates are changed gradually, the fluctuating of transition will be smoothed a little.

The Impacts of Tax Procedures Reform on Business Environment in Vietnam： Achievements and Further Reforms

Tax procedures are factors that strongly affect the business environment. A simple and convenient tax procedures system will contribute to a good business environment by easing of tax returns preparation, reducing tax compliance costs, and preventing corruption. This paper examines the results and impacts of previous tax procedures reform on Vietnam＇s business environment, identifies challenges of tax procedures reform now and the coming years, and discusses areas where further reforms are needed to sustain tax revenue and reduce compliance costs including： （1） wansparent and comprehensive guidance to all tax laws and other legal tax documents; （2） widening the application of risk management in tax administration; （3） continuing simplification of tax procedures; and （4） development of IT in tax administration.

CHINA'S TAX SYSTEM REFORM

Since the beginning of 1994,Chinahas conducted a series of majorreform of the systems of taxation,finance,foreign trade and investment,achieving remarkable progress,whichhas played a good role in promotingthe establishment and developmentof the socialist market economic system.Not long ago,Xiang Huaicheng,DeputyDirector-General of the State TaxationBureau,made an introduction to thestate of China’s tax system reform anddevelopment trend to Chinese andforeign reporters.

Study on the reform of resource tax and sustainable development of the underdeveloped resource-rich regions in China

The underdeveloped resource-rich region in China refers to the underdeveloped region with abundantnatural resources. The problem for these regions sustainable development cannot be negligible for its particularity innatural resources and environment. This paper mainly examines the issue about resource tax reform and the sustainabledevelopment of underdeveloped resource-rich regions. It first expatiates on regional characteristics of underdevelopedresource-rich regions, then analyzes the effect that resource tax has on the sustainable development of this type of regions,takes Yulin City as example to illuminate the negative influence on the sustainable development of those regions due to thedesign limitation of the existing resource tax, and put forward some suggestions, including to delegate tax legislativepower to lower levels, to increase resource tax rate, to expand its levied scope to give play to the potential main tax to localrevenue, to improve the design of resource tax, to enhance the its function of resource saving and environmentalprotection, to attach importance to regional interest of underdeveloped resource-rich regions and to improve of theinterest distribution system concerning the tax system and resource exploitation.

Policy Orientation of China Consumption Tax Reform in Ecological Civilization

The consumption tax reform is not only an important point of the construction of ecological civilization,but also a livelihood project related to the vital interests of consumers in China,which has aroused a heated discussion.Current popular ideas and plans of the consumption tax reform are directly moved by the developed countries.Therefore,it is bound to lack the support of the people.It is not adverse to the construction of ecological civilization and not conductive to the great rejuvenation of the Chinese dream.In the era of ecological civilization,the reform of the consumption tax needs to adopt the system thinking,taking into account multiple aspects of China’s tax system construction,tax fairness and environmental protection.Only by adjusting the taxation scope,refining the rate and perfecting tax link,etc.from overall thinking can the reform be successful.

Research on the Reform of Real Estate Taxation in the Personal Housing Ownership Link

Housing is related to the well-being of people’s livelihood,but at present,the real estate market is overheated,and the price of commercial housing remains high.The implementation of the reform of real estate tax in Shanghai and Chongqing has aroused heated discussions in the society.A timely promotion of real estate tax reform and legislation can play a role in tax regulation.This study takes the reform of real estate tax in regard to personal housing ownership link as the research theme and discusses the setting of collection scheme,the application of tax evaluation technology,as well as tax collection and management.

Research on Optimizing the Tax Business Environment - Taking Shunde Taxation Bureau's Innovation Reform as an Example

Since 2013,optimizing the business environment has become China's national strategy.In recent years,the Party and the government have continuously introduced a series of new measures such as the'"streamline administration,delegate power,strengthen regulation,and improve services55 reform to promote the continuous optimization of the business environment.As an important part of the business environment,the tax business environment is of great significance to improve the business environment and promote economic development.By analyzing the current situation of the tax business environment in China,this article discusses the existing problems in the process of optimizing tax business environment in China.Taking Shunde Taxation Bureau's innovative reform of tax business environment optimization as an example,this article introduces the practical innovation and promotion of optimizing tax business environment from four aspects:promoting convenience,digitalization,legalization,and intensive reform,in order to provide relevant experience for the optimization of tax business environment in other areas of China.

新一轮财税体制改革的战略谋划

作为进一步全面深化改革的重要组成部分,新一轮财税体制改革的谋划宜从如下四个方面展开:第一,以着力破解妨碍中国式现代化顺利推进的体制机制障碍,以为中国式现代化提供强大动力和制度保障为主攻方向。第二,以党的十八届三中全会以来围绕建立现代财政制度和现代税收制度所作出的一系列改革部署和所取得的一系列进展和成果为逻辑起点。第三,首先盯住相关行为主体关切,将着力点和着重点放在稳定相关行为主体预期、激发相关行为主体内在动力和创新活力上。第四,承继历史传统,在进一步全面深化改革中充当“先锋官”和“突击队”。

Roadmap for China's fiscal and tax reform

China’s tax and fiscal reform will continue to advance on the course of public finance rapidly in the coming decade, andbecome the forerunner of reform and socioeconomic development.In the coming years, the reform will focus on threethemes: the fiscal and tax system, policies, and administration.The key element is to develop a fiscal and tax systemthat allocates compatible financial resources and administrative power to various levels of government.Fiscal and taxpolicies will play a critical role in transforming China’s economic growth pattern.To accomplish these goals, Chinaneeds a scientific and refined fiscal administration.These elements will form a system of great synergy.

财税政策促进共同富裕:内在逻辑、现实问题与实现路径

财政是国家治理的基础和重要支柱,在扎实推进共同富裕进程中,财政既要促进做大经济发展的“蛋糕”,更要注重“分好蛋糕”,用好财税政策工具,着力缩小区域差距、城乡差距和收入差距,推动基本公共服务均等化。从聚焦构建全国统一大市场、推进城市群和都市圈协同发展、完善转移支付制度、推进城乡协调发展等方面,阐释财税政策发挥作用的内在逻辑和实现路径,分析存在的制约因素,并提出相关政策建议。

加快发展新质生产力的财政力量

加快发展新质生产力,是扎实推进高质量发展的要求,是推动中国式现代化的必由之路。加快发展新质生产力,需要准确把握新质生产力概念和新理念。加快发展新质生产力需要注意的主要问题包括:做到传统生产力和新质生产力的有机结合;处理好产学研关系;处理好市场与政府的关系;正确处理好短期和中长期的关系;立足各地不同的基础条件;全面深化改革开放。加快发展新质生产力,关键在科技创新。文章从企业科技创新、人才政策和教育发展三个方面分析了加快发展新质生产力的财政力量。

环境保护费改税对企业ESG表现的持续作用研究

选取2015-2021年沪深两市A股重污染行业上市公司为处理组,非重污染行业上市公司为对照组,采用双重差分法研究环境保护费改税对企业ESG表现的影响。研究发现,环境保护费改税显著且持续提升企业ESG表现。异质性分析结果表明环境保护费改税政策效应显著存在于资产规模较大企业分组,不受省际税额标准差异影响。进一步分析发现,环境保护费改税通过加大技术创新进而提升企业ESG表现。

中国政府间转移支付制度三十年:演进、成效与变迁逻辑

中国政府间转移支付制度的建立是1994年分税制财政体制改革的重要制度创新。这一制度既构成了中国现代财政体制的重要组成部分,也为过去三十年分税制改革取得的巨大成功提供了制度保障。纵观过往的改革历程,政府间转移支付制度的每一次重大调整背后都有着深刻的财政体制和经济体制改革背景,始终服务于财政体制改革全局,并充当了财政体制落实国家战略、保障经济社会改革顺利推进的重要工具。站在分税制改革三十周年这一历史节点上,本文系统回顾中国政府间转移支付制度在过去三十年的历史演进,总结其改革所取得的主要成效,并阐释其制度变迁的内在经济和政治逻辑。这不仅有助于我们深刻理解这一制度的发展历程和运行规律,也为下一阶段进一步优化政府间转移支付制度,并在此基础上完善现代财政制度提供重要的历史借鉴和理论支撑。

增值税减税能否提高制造业企业全要素生产率?--基于增值税税率下调事件的经验研究

深化税制改革是激发市场主体活力、加快制造业转型、实现经济高质量发展的重要路径。基于2016—2020年中国沪深A股上市公司数据,研究了2018年和2019年增值税税率下调对制造业企业全要素生产率的影响。研究发现,增值税减税提高了制造业企业的全要素生产率。异质性分析结果显示,对于市场竞争地位高、国有产权、处于成熟期以及高市场化地区的企业而言,增值税减税对全要素生产率的提升效应显著。渠道分析表明,研发投入、人力资本投入以及资本配置效率是增值税减税影响企业全要素生产率的主要渠道。因此,政府部门应继续深化增值税改革,缩小制造业与其他行业的税率差异,切实减轻制造业企业税收负担,同时应加大对民营、初创等弱势企业的财政扶持力度,全面提高各类企业的全要素生产率。