Real-time atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging revealed for the first time, the detailed growth/dissolution mechanism of Lauryl glycol (LG) or 1, 2 dodecanediol molecules on HOPG at the nano-level after recrystallizi...Real-time atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging revealed for the first time, the detailed growth/dissolution mechanism of Lauryl glycol (LG) or 1, 2 dodecanediol molecules on HOPG at the nano-level after recrystallizing them from chloroform solution. At the early stage of recrystallization, parallelogram-like-structures having lengths of several microns and distinct widths (between ~ 100 - 400 nm) were observed. Growth/dissolution behavior of these parallelogram-like-structures as a function of time was investigated. While dissolution occurred along all three dimensions, growth was found to be strictly two dimensional. Both the growth and dissolution process were found to be logarithmic in nature. The average growth rates along their length and width were found to be 11 nm/min and 1.5 nm/min respectively. Average dissolution rate in percentage on HOPG surface was found to be ~ 0.078%/min. Based upon the recrystallization of LG molecules schematics are drawn for a better understanding of the recrystallization process.展开更多
In the present study,we investigate the expression profile of the epidermal growth factor receptor family,which comprises EGFR/ ErbBl,HER2/ErbB2,HER3/ErbB3 and HER4/ErbB4 in oral leukoplakia(LP).The expression of four...In the present study,we investigate the expression profile of the epidermal growth factor receptor family,which comprises EGFR/ ErbBl,HER2/ErbB2,HER3/ErbB3 and HER4/ErbB4 in oral leukoplakia(LP).The expression of four epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family genes and their ligands were measured in LP tissues from 14 patients and compared with levels in 10 patients with oral lichen planus(OLP) and normal oral mucosa(NOM) from 14 healthy donors by real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and immunohistochemistry.Synchronous mRNA coexpression of ErbBl,ErbB2,ErbB3and ErbB4 was detected in LP lesions.Out of the receptors,only ErbB4 mRNA and protein was more highly expressed in LP compared with NOM tissues.These were strongly expressed by epithelial keratinocytes in LP lesions,as shown by immunohistochemistry.Regarding the ligands,the mRNA of Neuregulin2 and 4 were more highly expressed in OLP compared with NOM tissues.Therefore,enhanced ErbB4 on the keratinocytes and synchronous modulation of EGFR family genes may contribute to the pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of LP.展开更多
文摘Real-time atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging revealed for the first time, the detailed growth/dissolution mechanism of Lauryl glycol (LG) or 1, 2 dodecanediol molecules on HOPG at the nano-level after recrystallizing them from chloroform solution. At the early stage of recrystallization, parallelogram-like-structures having lengths of several microns and distinct widths (between ~ 100 - 400 nm) were observed. Growth/dissolution behavior of these parallelogram-like-structures as a function of time was investigated. While dissolution occurred along all three dimensions, growth was found to be strictly two dimensional. Both the growth and dissolution process were found to be logarithmic in nature. The average growth rates along their length and width were found to be 11 nm/min and 1.5 nm/min respectively. Average dissolution rate in percentage on HOPG surface was found to be ~ 0.078%/min. Based upon the recrystallization of LG molecules schematics are drawn for a better understanding of the recrystallization process.
基金supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists B 23792391 from the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports, Science and Technology,Japan
文摘In the present study,we investigate the expression profile of the epidermal growth factor receptor family,which comprises EGFR/ ErbBl,HER2/ErbB2,HER3/ErbB3 and HER4/ErbB4 in oral leukoplakia(LP).The expression of four epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family genes and their ligands were measured in LP tissues from 14 patients and compared with levels in 10 patients with oral lichen planus(OLP) and normal oral mucosa(NOM) from 14 healthy donors by real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and immunohistochemistry.Synchronous mRNA coexpression of ErbBl,ErbB2,ErbB3and ErbB4 was detected in LP lesions.Out of the receptors,only ErbB4 mRNA and protein was more highly expressed in LP compared with NOM tissues.These were strongly expressed by epithelial keratinocytes in LP lesions,as shown by immunohistochemistry.Regarding the ligands,the mRNA of Neuregulin2 and 4 were more highly expressed in OLP compared with NOM tissues.Therefore,enhanced ErbB4 on the keratinocytes and synchronous modulation of EGFR family genes may contribute to the pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of LP.
