Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR非特异性扩增的研究进展

Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR(RT-qPCR)因其高效快速、操作简便、高度敏感等优点获得广泛应用,但因其强大的放大功能而容易出现非特异性扩增的问题,尤其是荧光染料法中更加明显。文章对RT-qPCR的原理、非特异性扩增的发生因素、解决方案及该技术的应用前景进行了综述。

Application of Real-time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR in Plant

Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR （RQ-PCR） is a detection method by adding fluorescent dye or fluorescent probe into the PCR reaction system, using fluorescent signal accumulation to monitor amplification reactions of PCR reaction process, and finally the unknown template can be quantitatively analyzed through the standard curve. So the detection level of PCR has improved from the qualitative to the quantitative. In order to provide a theoretical reference for further application, the principle, classification, advantages and disadvantages of RQ-PCR were intro- duced, and its application and progress in plants in recent years were reviewed.

Detection of Lactobacillus acidophilus in Fermented Material by Real-time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR

The species distinctive PCR primer of Lactobacillus acidophilus （ L. acidophilus） was designed according to 16S rRNA gene sequences of conunon Lac- tobacillus species in fermented material. Bacterial genome DNA of separated L. acidophilus in fermented sample was taken as template, and L. acidophilus in fer- mented material was conducted the quantitative determination by real-time quantitative PCR （RT-PCR）. Analysis on RT-PCR results shown that contents of L. aci- dophilus in the test sample reached 1.5 billion CFU / g. Test results shown that contents of L. acidophilus in fermented material could be detected accurately by the established RT-PCR method in the test. indicating that the established RT-PCR method could be aookued to the detection of L. acidophilus in fermented material.

Application of Real-time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR in Studies on Plants

Real-Lime fluorescent quantitative PCR is a method for quantitative analysis of gene expression developed in recent years, which has been widely used in various fields such as basic scientific research, clinical diagnosis, disease study, drug research and development since its appearance. It starts relatively late in study on plants, but has already been used for analysis of gene expression in plants and gene identification of exogenous genes. The principles or advantages and dis- advantages of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR, or its potential problems and condition optimizations in tests were introduced in this study, and then the appli- cation and prospect of real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR in study on plants were also been discussed.

Development of Real-Time Fluorescent PCR for Rapid Detection of Haempohlius parasuis

[ Objective] To develop a real-time fluorescent PCR assay for rapid detection of Haempohlius parasuis （HPS）. [ Method] According to the conservative sequences of 16 S rRNA genes of HPS published in GenBank, a pair of specific primers was designed. The real-time fluorescent PCR was developed by optimizing primer concentration and annealing temperature. And its specificity and reproducibility were evaluated. Ten HPS- suspected samples were detected by the developed method. [ Result] The lowest detection limit of the developed real-time fluorescent PCR was 50 copies/μl. This method had good reproducibility, and its coefficient of variation was lower than 2%. Only HPS rather than Streptococcus suis type 2, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli DH5 alpha, and swine Salmonella typhi could be detected by the developed real-time fluorescent PCR. The HPS-pesitive samples detected by this method were also positive when they were detected by isolation of bacteria or conventional PCR. [ Conclusion] The developed real-time fluorescent PCR is rapid, sensitive, specific and highly reproducible; thus, it can be used for rapid detection of HPS.

Synchronously Detecting Allergenic Ingredients of Peanut and Sesame in Food by Real-time Fluorescent PCR

Peanut,sesame and other raw materials of food are allergens for special populations.In this study,specific primers and TaqMan probes labeled by different fluorescences were designed targeting Ara h 2 gene of peanut and Ses i 1 gene of sesame.After the optimization of reaction conditions,a real-time fluorescent PCR method was established for simultaneous detection of allergenic ingredients of peanut and sesame in food.Genomic DNA samples of peanut,sesame,rice,wheat,barley,soybean,celery,maize,potato,tomato,walnut,groundnut in shell,cashew nut,sunflower seed,almond,apple,pear and strawberry,pork,beef,mutton and fish were used as templates for PCR amplification with deionized water as negative control template.Results indicated that the established real-time fluorescent PCR method could specifically identify allergenic ingredients of peanut and sesame simultaneously.Sensitivity test showed that the minimum detection limit of this method was 0.01%.Therefore,the established real-time fluorescent PCR method is a specific,sensitive and effective assay for simultaneously detecting allergenic ingredients of peanut and sesame in food.

Establishment of a Real-time Fluorescent Quantitative PCR Assay for Detection of Genetically Modified Maize Line MON88017

In order to improve the standardized technical systems of quantitative analyses for genetically modified organisms （GMOs） and products, ensure bio-safety and reduce ecological risk in China, a real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay was established for detection of genetically modified maize line MON88017. The established method was evaluated based on the specificity, sensitivity, accuracy and measurement uncertainty. The results showed that the established method had strong specificity in detection of genetically modified maize line MON88017. 1.50% MON88017 sample was detected with 29 replica- tions. The average measured value （ 1. 541% ） was close to the actual value （ 1.50% ） and the relative deviation was 2.70%. The variation coefficient of the measured value was 0.110 g ; the recovery was 100.00% and the measurement uncertainty was 0. 096. The limit of detection for genetically modified maize line MON88017 with the established method was 5 copies at the 97.5% confidence level. Thus, the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR assay established in this study exhibited high specificity, accuracy and sensitivity, which could provide technical support for the safety supervision of genetically modified organ- isms and products in China.

Effects of Different Temperature and Time Durations of Virus Inactivation on Results of Real-time Fluorescence PCR Testing of COVID-19 Viruses

Summary:The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 caused an outbreak of pneumonia in Wuhan,Hubei province of China in January 2020.This study aims to investigate the effects of different temperature and time durations of virus inactivation on the results of PCR testing for SARS-CoV-2.Twelve patients at the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University suspected of being infected with SARS-CoV-2 were selected on February 13,2020 and throat swabs were taken.The swabs were stored at room tempcrature(20-25℃),then divided into aliquots and subjected to different temperature for different periods in order to inactivate the viruses(56℃for 30,45,60 min;65,70,80℃for 10,15,20 min).Control aliquots were stored at room temperature for 60 min.Then all aliquots were tested in a real-time fluorescence PCR using primers against SARS-CoV-2.Regardless of inactivation temperature and time,7 of 12 cases(58.3%)tested were positive for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR,and cycle threshold values were similar.These results suggest that virus inactivation parameters exert minimal infuence on PCR test results.Inactivation at 65℃for 10 min may be sufficient to ensure safe,reliable testing.

Detection of Ratoon Stunting Disease in Virus-free Seedcane via Real-time Fluorescence Quantitative PCR

This study was to develop the real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR technique for detecting the ratoon stunting disease （RSD） in virus-free seedcane seedlings. Healthy tissue culture seedlings were obtained from six plants of sugarcane ROC22, which had been confirmed RSD-positive by detecting the sugarcane juice, by employing the sugarcane seedlings production protocol. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR was used to detect RSD pathogens in tissue culture sam- pies. The results showed that target fragment of RSD pathogens was not found in all 10 samples in real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, with the Ct values of 37 - 39. The healthy tissue culture sugarcane seedlings do not carry RSD pathogens, indicating that adopting healthy seedcane seedlings production technique could thoroughly get rid of RSD pathogens.

Development and Preliminary Application of SYBR Green I Real-Time Fluorescence Quantitative PCR Method for Detecting Porcine Parvovirus Virus

According to VP2 gene sequence of the porcine parvovirus virus strain NADL-2 （NC001718） available in GenBank （NC_001718）, a pair of specific primer was designed, and the target fragment of 431 bp was obtained by PCR amplification. The products were ligated with pMD18- T vector and then transformed into bacteria DH5α for recombinant plasmid extraction. After PCR identification and sequencing, recombinant plasmid was used as a standard template to establish the standard curve of SYBR Green I fluorescence quantitative PCR. Sensitivity test, specificity test and repeatability test were also determined. The results indicated that there was a good linear relationship between threshold cycle of the standard curve and template concentration, R2 =0.997 6. Tm ranged from 82.3 to 82.9 ℃, while the sensitivity was 72.1 copies/μl with good specificity and repeatability. The developed SYBR Green I real-time quantitative PCR method to detect PPV VP2 gene laid the basis for further studies on patho- oenesis, early clinical diaonosis of this virus and quantitative analysis of PPV infection.

Development of real-time PCR method for rapid detection and quantification of Heterosigma akashiwo

To rapidly detect the harmful algae H.akashiwo qualitatively and quantitatively, sequences of the 18S rDNA deduced from H.akashiwo were used for designing species-specific primers, and a RFQ-PCR (Real-time Fluorescent Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction) method was developed for quantitative detection of H.akashiwo. Primer H.akashiwo and TaqMan probe were designed, and the specificity of primer was checked with PCR. A calibration curve was constructed with cycle threshold value against visual counted cell number. And the value of the curve was tested with other H.akashiwo samples, which were assayed with both the RFQ-PCR method and visual count under microscope.

PCR技术在食品微生物检测中的应用研究

PCR技术因具有高灵敏度、高特异性和快速性的特点,在食品微生物检测领域广泛使用。本文阐述食品中常见的致病微生物、PCR技术的基本原理、食品中常见致病微生物的PCR检测方法,探讨PCR技术在食品微生物检测中的应用,并介绍PCR技术在食品微生物检测中的发展趋势。

实时荧光PCR技术在手足口病检测中的应用价值分析

目的 探析实时荧光聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)技术在手足口病检测中的应用价值。方法 非随机选取2021年1月—2023年11月高唐县疾病预防控制中心收治的100例疑似感染手足口病患儿为研究对象,均进行实时荧光PCR检查、DNA测序技术检查,以病毒分离培养结果为金标准,对比两种技术的诊断情况。结果 病毒分离培养结果显示100例疑似患儿中有73例确诊。实时荧光PCR技术诊断效能灵敏度97.26%(71/73)、特异度88.89%(24/27)、准确度95.00%(95/100)、阳性预测值95.95%(71/74)、阴性预测值92.31%(24/26)明显高于DNA测序技术的72.60%(53/73)、55.56%(15/27)、68.00%(68/100)、81.54%(53/65)、42.86%(15/35),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.340、7.477、24.175、7.462、15.821,P均<0.05)。实时荧光PCR技术的病毒亚型检出率高于DNA测序技术,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。结论 在手足口病检测中,实时荧光PCR技术的应用价值高于DNA测序技术,更利于为后续治疗提供可靠参考依据。

应用TaqMan-MGB探针实时荧光定量PCR技术快速检测青海省海西州鼠疫自然疫源地鼠疫耶尔森菌耐链霉素基因

目的 应用TaqMan-MGB探针实时荧光定量PCR技术快速检测青海省海西州鼠疫自然疫源地鼠疫菌耐链霉素基因,为今后该地区突发人间鼠疫的精准临床用药提供理论依据。方法 分离培养海西地区1957—2009年间取自鼠疫患者、媒介昆虫及中间宿主的代表性鼠疫菌110株,提取其DNA,针对我国链霉素耐药基因rpsl基因设计引物P-F和P-R和TaqMan-MGB探针Probe1 [FAM]和Probe2[VIC],利用荧光定量PCR技术,进行耐药rpsl基因筛查。结果 110株被试菌株中FAM检测均为阳性(RFU峰值>2000);VIC阳性的为0株(RFU峰值<200)。阳性对照和空白对照成立。结论 实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,该地区未检测出耐链霉素菌株。

Diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis using molecular biology technology

Objective:To present an integrated molecular biology dedicated system for tuberculosis diagnosis.Methods:One hundred and five sputum specimens from patients strongly suspected by clinical parameters of tuberculosis were studied by Ziehl-Neelsen staining,by cultivation on solid medium and by a balanced hemincsted fluorometric PCR system(Orange C3TB) that could preserve worker safety and produce a rather pure material free of potential inhibitors. DNA amplification was performed in a low cost tuberculosis termocycler-fluorotneter.Produced double stranded DNA was flurometrically detected.The whole reaction was conducted in one single tube which would not be opened after adding the processed sample in order to minimize the risk of cross contamination with amplicons.Results:The assay was able to delect 30 bacillus per sample mL with 99.8%interassay variation coefficient.PCR was positive in 23(21.9%) tested samples(21 of them were smear negative).In our study it showed a preliminary sensitivity of 94.5%for sputum and an overall specificity of 98.7%.Conclusions:Total run time of the test is 4 h with 2.5 real working time.All PCR positive samples are also positive by microbiological culture and clinical criteria.Results show that it could be a very useful tool to increase detection efficiency of tuberculosis disease in low bacilus load samples.Furthermore,its low cost and friendly using make it feasible to run in poor regions.

荧光定量PCR技术与酶联免疫法在手足口病肠道病毒检测中的应用价值比较

目的探讨荧光定量PCR技术(FQ-PCR)与酶联免疫法(ELISA)在手足口病肠道病毒检测中的应用价值。方法选取2021年1月至2022年12月就诊于广东省江门市妇幼保健院的疑似238例手足口病患儿,均行FQ-PCR检测与ELISA检测,统计FQ-PCR与ELISA病毒阳性检出率,以病毒分离培养及临床表现、血清实验室综合诊断结果为金标准,对比FQ-PCR与ELISA检测敏感度与特异度、准确度及检测窗口期。结果238例患儿中137例(57.56%)最终确诊为手足口病。FQ-PCR检测敏感度与特异度、准确度均高于ELISA,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);FQ-PCR病毒阳性检出率较ELISA高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);FQ-PCR对通用型肠道病毒、Cox A16、EV71检测窗口期均短于ELISA检测,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论与ELISA相比,FQ-PCR在手足口病肠道病毒检测中具有更高的特异度、敏感度,可提高阳性检出率,且检测窗口期更短,利于临床早期实施治疗。

Primary application of a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction for the detection of human breast cancer related novel gene-Metadherin expression

Objective:The aim of this study was to detect the expression level of Metadherin (MTDH) in peripheral blood of the breast cancer patients by real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR),and to explore the relationship between expression of Metadherin gene in the patients peripheral blood and the clinic-pathological features in breast cancer. Methods:Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was employed to determine the expression level of Metadherin gene in 80 peripheral blood samples of breast cancer patients and healthy donors. Results:The expression of Metadherin gene in breast cancer patients peripheral blood were positive,in which 34 breast cancer patients were highly expressed,accounting for 55.7%,while the expression of Metadherin gene in normal females peripheral blood were negative,there was statistical significance (Ratio = 2.02±0.81,P < 0.05); Ratio of the Metadherin expression in breast cancer patients peripheral blood and the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase expression was 1.15 ± 0.36. REST software analysis showed that the expression of Metadherin gene was significantly up-regulated in breast cancer. Conclusion:The SYBR Green I quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction method can successfully detect the expression level of Metadherin gene. Expression level of Metadherin gene in breast cancer patients peripheral blood is closely related to survival,and it maybe involved in the development of breast cancer and used as an indicator of prognosis.

实时荧光PCR技术在高危型人乳头瘤病毒检测中的价值

目的 分析实时荧光PCR技术在高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)检测中的价值。方法 选取本院行病理诊断检查的66例高危型HPV感染者及68例健康女性为研究对象,均实施实时荧光PCR技术和第二代杂交捕获试验(HC-Ⅱ)技术行HPV检测,比较两种检测技术的诊断效能。结果 以病理检验结果为金标准,实时荧光PCR技术的准确度、灵敏度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值、诊断符合率分别为94.03%、96.97%、91.18%、91.43%、96.88%、94.03%,高于HC-Ⅱ技术的76.12%、81.82%、70.59%、72.97%、80.00%、76.12%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 高危型HPV检测中应用实时荧光PCR技术,能够保证疾病检测结果的准确性和可靠性,进而为后续的临床治疗提供支持,应用价值较高。

RAPID DETECTION OF ONCOGENE AMPLIFICATION IN PARAFFIN SECTIONS OF BREAST CARCINOMAS USING QUANTITATIVE DIFFERENTIAL PCR AND FLUORESCENT DNA TECHNOLOGY

Gene amplification is a common mechanism of oncogene activation and contributes to tumor progression. Analysis of such genetic alterations are relevant to the understanding of tumor genetics and could provide prognostic information for the individual patient. Standard analytical approaches using Southern blot and slot blot require a large amount of good

虚拟仿真在“生物技术药物学实验”中的应用

由于许多实验环境无法满足新冠病毒取样和检测的要求,且病原微生物新冠病毒具有强传染性和致病性,学生很难开展感染性实验操作。因此,将虚拟仿真技术与新冠病毒实时荧光定量PCR检测相结合构建了虚拟实验平台,其中涵盖实验导学、临床取样及实时荧光定量PCR检测等主要内容,重点模拟RNA提取、病毒序列获取与分析、引物设计、反转录、实时荧光定量PCR及结果分析等操作。通过虚拟环境,在保障学生安全的基础上,让学生更深入地了解新冠病毒实时荧光定量PCR的检测,大大提高了生物技术药物学实验教学的效率。