Railway passenger flow forecasting can help to develop sensible railway schedules,make full use of railway resources,and meet the travel demand of passengers.The structure of passenger flow in railway networks and the...Railway passenger flow forecasting can help to develop sensible railway schedules,make full use of railway resources,and meet the travel demand of passengers.The structure of passenger flow in railway networks and the spatiotemporal relationship of passenger flow among stations are two distinctive features of railway passenger flow.Most of the previous studies used only a single feature for prediction and lacked correlations,resulting in suboptimal performance.To address the above-mentioned problem,we proposed the railway passenger flow prediction model called Flow-Similarity Attention Graph Convolutional Network(F-SAGCN).First,we constructed the passenger flow relations graph(RG)based on the Origin-Destination(OD).Second,the Passenger Flow Fluctuation Similarity(PFFS)algorithm is used to measure the similarity of passenger flow between stations,which helps construct the spatiotemporal similarity graph(SG).Then,we determine the weights of the mutual influence of different stations at different times through an attention mechanism and extract spatiotemporal features through graph convolution on the RG and SG.Finally,we fused the spatiotemporal features and the original temporal features of stations for prediction.The comparison experiments on a railway bureau’s accurate railway passenger flow data show that the proposed F-SAGCN method improved the prediction accuracy and reduced the mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of 46 stations to 7.93%.展开更多
A precise and timely forecast of short-term rail transit passenger flow provides data support for traffic management and operation,assisting rail operators in efficiently allocating resources and timely relieving pres...A precise and timely forecast of short-term rail transit passenger flow provides data support for traffic management and operation,assisting rail operators in efficiently allocating resources and timely relieving pressure on passenger safety and operation.First,the passenger flow sequence models in the study are broken down using VMD for noise reduction.The objective environment features are then added to the characteristic factors that affect the passenger flow.The target station serves as an additional spatial feature and is mined concurrently using the KNN algorithm.It is shown that the hybrid model VMD-CLSMT has a higher prediction accuracy,by setting BP,CNN,and LSTM reference experiments.All models’second order prediction effects are superior to their first order effects,showing that the residual network can significantly raise model prediction accuracy.Additionally,it confirms the efficacy of supplementary and objective environmental features.展开更多
Purpose – This paper aims to propose a medium-term forecast model for the daily passenger volume of HighSpeed Railway (HSR) systems to predict the daily the Origin-Destination (OD) daily volume formultiple consecutiv...Purpose – This paper aims to propose a medium-term forecast model for the daily passenger volume of HighSpeed Railway (HSR) systems to predict the daily the Origin-Destination (OD) daily volume formultiple consecutivedays (e.g. 120 days).Design/methodology/approach – By analyzing the characteristics of the historical data on daily passengervolume of HSR systems, the date and holiday labels were designed with determined value ranges.In accordance to the autoregressive characteristics of the daily passenger volume of HSR, the Double LayerParallel Wavelet Neural Network (DLP-WNN) model suitable for the medium-term (about 120 d) forecast of thedaily passenger volume of HSR was established. The DLP-WNN model obtains the daily forecast result byweighed summation of the daily output values of the two subnets. Subnet 1 reflects the overall trend of dailypassenger volumes in the recent period, and subnet 2 the daily fluctuation of the daily passenger volume toensure the accuracy of medium-term forecast.Findings – According to the example application, in which the DLP-WNN modelwas used for the medium-termforecast of the daily passenger volumes for 120 days for typical O-D pairs at 4 different distances, the averageabsolute percentage error is 7%-12%, obviously lower than the results measured by the Back Propagation (BP)neural network, the ELM (extreme learning machine), the ELMAN neural network, the GRNN (generalizedregression neural network) and the VMD-GA-BP. The DLP-WNN model was verified to be suitable for themedium-term forecast of the daily passenger volume of HSR.Originality/value – This study proposed a Double Layer Parallel structure forecast model for medium-termdaily passenger volume (about 120 days) of HSR systems by using the date and holiday labels and WaveletNeural Network. The predict results are important input data for supporting the line planning, scheduling andother decisions in operation and management in HSR systems.展开更多
A real-time forecasting method coupled with the I-D unsteady flow model with the recursive least-square method was developed. The 1-D unsteady flow model was modified by using the time-variant parameter and revising i...A real-time forecasting method coupled with the I-D unsteady flow model with the recursive least-square method was developed. The 1-D unsteady flow model was modified by using the time-variant parameter and revising it dynamically through introducing a variable weighted forgetting factor, such that the output of the model could be adjusted for the real time forecasting of floods. The application of the new real time forecasting model in the reach from Yichang to Luoshan of the Yangtze River was demonstrated. Computational result shows that the forecasting accuracy of the new model is much higher than that of the original 1-D unsteady flow model. The method developed is effective for flood forecasting, and can be used for practical operation in the flood forecasting.展开更多
消除客流数据随机噪声和确定神经网络超参数是城市轨道交通短时客流预测组合模型需要解决的关键问题。基于弱化客流数据噪声的自适应噪声完全集成经验模式分解算法(CEEMDAN)将客流时序数据分解为若干个频率和复杂度均不同的固有模态函...消除客流数据随机噪声和确定神经网络超参数是城市轨道交通短时客流预测组合模型需要解决的关键问题。基于弱化客流数据噪声的自适应噪声完全集成经验模式分解算法(CEEMDAN)将客流时序数据分解为若干个频率和复杂度均不同的固有模态函数分量和剩余分量后,利用引入自适应策略的改进粒子群算法(IPSO)动态求解长短期记忆神经网络(LSTM)超参数的最优值,构建CEEMDAN-IPSO-LSTM组合模型预测城市轨道交通短时客流量。以广州地铁杨箕站自动售检票系统采集的历史进(出)站客流数据为例进行实验,研究结果表明:IPSO算法较PSO算法在基准测试函数Sphere,Sum Squars,Sum of Different Power,Rosenbrock,Rastigrin,Ackley,Griewank和Penalized上的最小值、最大值、平均值和标准差均更接近最佳优化值,CEEMDAN-IPSO-LSTM模型较LSTM模型、CEEMDAN-LSTM模型、CEEMDAN-PSO-LSTM模型的全月全日进(出)站的预测误差评价指标SD,RMSE,MAE和MAPE分别降低了12~40人次(13~35人次)、13~44人次(12~35人次)、6~37人次(12~31人次)和5.08%~46.89%(6.5%~35.1%),R和R2分别提高了0.07%~2.32%(0.86%~3.63%)和0.13%~2.19%(0.67%~1.67%),同时在工作日不同时段和非工作日全日的预测性能均达到最优效果。IPSO算法的收敛速度和参数寻优精度均优于PSO算法,且CEEMDAN-IPSO-LSTM模型可应用于城市轨道交通短时客流量的精确预测,同时可为设计规划线网路线、缓解交通压力、提高乘客出行服务质量等提供基础数据支撑。展开更多
文摘Railway passenger flow forecasting can help to develop sensible railway schedules,make full use of railway resources,and meet the travel demand of passengers.The structure of passenger flow in railway networks and the spatiotemporal relationship of passenger flow among stations are two distinctive features of railway passenger flow.Most of the previous studies used only a single feature for prediction and lacked correlations,resulting in suboptimal performance.To address the above-mentioned problem,we proposed the railway passenger flow prediction model called Flow-Similarity Attention Graph Convolutional Network(F-SAGCN).First,we constructed the passenger flow relations graph(RG)based on the Origin-Destination(OD).Second,the Passenger Flow Fluctuation Similarity(PFFS)algorithm is used to measure the similarity of passenger flow between stations,which helps construct the spatiotemporal similarity graph(SG).Then,we determine the weights of the mutual influence of different stations at different times through an attention mechanism and extract spatiotemporal features through graph convolution on the RG and SG.Finally,we fused the spatiotemporal features and the original temporal features of stations for prediction.The comparison experiments on a railway bureau’s accurate railway passenger flow data show that the proposed F-SAGCN method improved the prediction accuracy and reduced the mean absolute percentage error(MAPE)of 46 stations to 7.93%.
基金the Major Projects of the National Social Science Fund in China(21&ZD127).
文摘A precise and timely forecast of short-term rail transit passenger flow provides data support for traffic management and operation,assisting rail operators in efficiently allocating resources and timely relieving pressure on passenger safety and operation.First,the passenger flow sequence models in the study are broken down using VMD for noise reduction.The objective environment features are then added to the characteristic factors that affect the passenger flow.The target station serves as an additional spatial feature and is mined concurrently using the KNN algorithm.It is shown that the hybrid model VMD-CLSMT has a higher prediction accuracy,by setting BP,CNN,and LSTM reference experiments.All models’second order prediction effects are superior to their first order effects,showing that the residual network can significantly raise model prediction accuracy.Additionally,it confirms the efficacy of supplementary and objective environmental features.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.72171236 and 71701216)the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant No.2020YFB1600400)+2 种基金the China Scholarship Council(202008360277)the Key Science and Technology Research Program of the Educational Department of Jiangxi Province(Grant No.GJJ200605)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Grant No.2020JJ5783).
文摘Purpose – This paper aims to propose a medium-term forecast model for the daily passenger volume of HighSpeed Railway (HSR) systems to predict the daily the Origin-Destination (OD) daily volume formultiple consecutivedays (e.g. 120 days).Design/methodology/approach – By analyzing the characteristics of the historical data on daily passengervolume of HSR systems, the date and holiday labels were designed with determined value ranges.In accordance to the autoregressive characteristics of the daily passenger volume of HSR, the Double LayerParallel Wavelet Neural Network (DLP-WNN) model suitable for the medium-term (about 120 d) forecast of thedaily passenger volume of HSR was established. The DLP-WNN model obtains the daily forecast result byweighed summation of the daily output values of the two subnets. Subnet 1 reflects the overall trend of dailypassenger volumes in the recent period, and subnet 2 the daily fluctuation of the daily passenger volume toensure the accuracy of medium-term forecast.Findings – According to the example application, in which the DLP-WNN modelwas used for the medium-termforecast of the daily passenger volumes for 120 days for typical O-D pairs at 4 different distances, the averageabsolute percentage error is 7%-12%, obviously lower than the results measured by the Back Propagation (BP)neural network, the ELM (extreme learning machine), the ELMAN neural network, the GRNN (generalizedregression neural network) and the VMD-GA-BP. The DLP-WNN model was verified to be suitable for themedium-term forecast of the daily passenger volume of HSR.Originality/value – This study proposed a Double Layer Parallel structure forecast model for medium-termdaily passenger volume (about 120 days) of HSR systems by using the date and holiday labels and WaveletNeural Network. The predict results are important input data for supporting the line planning, scheduling andother decisions in operation and management in HSR systems.
文摘A real-time forecasting method coupled with the I-D unsteady flow model with the recursive least-square method was developed. The 1-D unsteady flow model was modified by using the time-variant parameter and revising it dynamically through introducing a variable weighted forgetting factor, such that the output of the model could be adjusted for the real time forecasting of floods. The application of the new real time forecasting model in the reach from Yichang to Luoshan of the Yangtze River was demonstrated. Computational result shows that the forecasting accuracy of the new model is much higher than that of the original 1-D unsteady flow model. The method developed is effective for flood forecasting, and can be used for practical operation in the flood forecasting.
文摘消除客流数据随机噪声和确定神经网络超参数是城市轨道交通短时客流预测组合模型需要解决的关键问题。基于弱化客流数据噪声的自适应噪声完全集成经验模式分解算法(CEEMDAN)将客流时序数据分解为若干个频率和复杂度均不同的固有模态函数分量和剩余分量后,利用引入自适应策略的改进粒子群算法(IPSO)动态求解长短期记忆神经网络(LSTM)超参数的最优值,构建CEEMDAN-IPSO-LSTM组合模型预测城市轨道交通短时客流量。以广州地铁杨箕站自动售检票系统采集的历史进(出)站客流数据为例进行实验,研究结果表明:IPSO算法较PSO算法在基准测试函数Sphere,Sum Squars,Sum of Different Power,Rosenbrock,Rastigrin,Ackley,Griewank和Penalized上的最小值、最大值、平均值和标准差均更接近最佳优化值,CEEMDAN-IPSO-LSTM模型较LSTM模型、CEEMDAN-LSTM模型、CEEMDAN-PSO-LSTM模型的全月全日进(出)站的预测误差评价指标SD,RMSE,MAE和MAPE分别降低了12~40人次(13~35人次)、13~44人次(12~35人次)、6~37人次(12~31人次)和5.08%~46.89%(6.5%~35.1%),R和R2分别提高了0.07%~2.32%(0.86%~3.63%)和0.13%~2.19%(0.67%~1.67%),同时在工作日不同时段和非工作日全日的预测性能均达到最优效果。IPSO算法的收敛速度和参数寻优精度均优于PSO算法,且CEEMDAN-IPSO-LSTM模型可应用于城市轨道交通短时客流量的精确预测,同时可为设计规划线网路线、缓解交通压力、提高乘客出行服务质量等提供基础数据支撑。
