Fry stocking density can affect harvest metrics for fingerling walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) reared in drainable ponds, but few studies have examined these relationships with the use of elevated walleye fry stocking ...Fry stocking density can affect harvest metrics for fingerling walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) reared in drainable ponds, but few studies have examined these relationships with the use of elevated walleye fry stocking densities in lined ponds. Correlation and regression analyses were used to assess how a three-fold change in walleye fry stocking density (234,375 to 703,125 per hectare) relates to harvest metrics and length of the culture period, as well as the tradeoff experienced between walleye size (grams) and harvest density in 0.32-hectare lined ponds over a nine-year period at Blue Dog State Fish Hatchery, South Dakota. As fry stocking density increased, so did harvest metrics for both number (r = 0.85, P < 0.01) and yield (r = 0.81, P < 0.01). Length of the culture period varied between 24 and 35 days and was negatively related to stocking density (r = -0.66, P The linear relationship between harvest density and yield was highly correlated (r = 0.95, P < 0.01) with highest values measuring 617,625 walleye and 173 kilograms per hectare. Harvest density explained 61% of the variation in walleye size (P 0.01) and exhibited a decreasing curvilinear relationship such that continued increases in harvest density resulted in smaller reductions in fish size. Increasing fry stocking density from 234,375 to 703,125 per hectare in lined ponds coincided with increased rearing efficiencies for number and yield, as well as a reduced culture period. Minimal reduction in walleye size occurred once harvest density exceeded 300,000 per hectare.展开更多
长生命史飑线极易造成大范围灾害性大风天气,研究其结构及其维持机制对灾害性大风天气预报有重要参考意义。利用浙江地面加密观测和雷达资料、美国国家环境预报中心/国家大气研究中心(National Centers for Environmental Prediction/Na...长生命史飑线极易造成大范围灾害性大风天气,研究其结构及其维持机制对灾害性大风天气预报有重要参考意义。利用浙江地面加密观测和雷达资料、美国国家环境预报中心/国家大气研究中心(National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research)FNL(Final Operational Global Analysis)再分析资料及高分辨率模式模拟结果对2018年3月4日江南地区出现的一次造成大风的暖区飑线后侧入流进行分析,探讨飑线维持机制。结果表明,飑线发生在南支槽前高低空一致西南气流的暖区环境中,环境具有0~6 km中等到强垂直切变、高对流有效位能、中层和近地面有明显干区的特征;3 h负变压异常指数对此次过程具有一定的指示作用。飑线表现为“TS”结构,但层云区相对较窄;反射率因子核位于中层径向辐合下方下沉气流中。模式模拟结果表明,后侧入流及下沉气流在系统内部、后部分别强迫出逆时针和顺时针垂直环流,构成了飑线最主要结构特征;后侧入流紧靠系统后缘而位于对流层中层,促使上升气流由倾斜转为垂直;此后后侧入流远离系统,与低层出流合并持续抬升暖湿空气,后侧入流与前侧入流的协同作用有利于飑线维持更长时间。展开更多
文摘Fry stocking density can affect harvest metrics for fingerling walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) reared in drainable ponds, but few studies have examined these relationships with the use of elevated walleye fry stocking densities in lined ponds. Correlation and regression analyses were used to assess how a three-fold change in walleye fry stocking density (234,375 to 703,125 per hectare) relates to harvest metrics and length of the culture period, as well as the tradeoff experienced between walleye size (grams) and harvest density in 0.32-hectare lined ponds over a nine-year period at Blue Dog State Fish Hatchery, South Dakota. As fry stocking density increased, so did harvest metrics for both number (r = 0.85, P < 0.01) and yield (r = 0.81, P < 0.01). Length of the culture period varied between 24 and 35 days and was negatively related to stocking density (r = -0.66, P The linear relationship between harvest density and yield was highly correlated (r = 0.95, P < 0.01) with highest values measuring 617,625 walleye and 173 kilograms per hectare. Harvest density explained 61% of the variation in walleye size (P 0.01) and exhibited a decreasing curvilinear relationship such that continued increases in harvest density resulted in smaller reductions in fish size. Increasing fry stocking density from 234,375 to 703,125 per hectare in lined ponds coincided with increased rearing efficiencies for number and yield, as well as a reduced culture period. Minimal reduction in walleye size occurred once harvest density exceeded 300,000 per hectare.
文摘长生命史飑线极易造成大范围灾害性大风天气,研究其结构及其维持机制对灾害性大风天气预报有重要参考意义。利用浙江地面加密观测和雷达资料、美国国家环境预报中心/国家大气研究中心(National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research)FNL(Final Operational Global Analysis)再分析资料及高分辨率模式模拟结果对2018年3月4日江南地区出现的一次造成大风的暖区飑线后侧入流进行分析,探讨飑线维持机制。结果表明,飑线发生在南支槽前高低空一致西南气流的暖区环境中,环境具有0~6 km中等到强垂直切变、高对流有效位能、中层和近地面有明显干区的特征;3 h负变压异常指数对此次过程具有一定的指示作用。飑线表现为“TS”结构,但层云区相对较窄;反射率因子核位于中层径向辐合下方下沉气流中。模式模拟结果表明,后侧入流及下沉气流在系统内部、后部分别强迫出逆时针和顺时针垂直环流,构成了飑线最主要结构特征;后侧入流紧靠系统后缘而位于对流层中层,促使上升气流由倾斜转为垂直;此后后侧入流远离系统,与低层出流合并持续抬升暖湿空气,后侧入流与前侧入流的协同作用有利于飑线维持更长时间。
