Concomitantly with the increase in the prevalences of overweight/obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has worldwide become the main cause of chronic liver disease in both adults and children. Patients with...Concomitantly with the increase in the prevalences of overweight/obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has worldwide become the main cause of chronic liver disease in both adults and children. Patients with fatty liver display features of metabolic syndrome(Met S), like insulin resistance(IR), glucose intolerance, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Recently, epidemiological studies have linked obesity, Met S, and NAFLD to decreased bone mineral density and osteoporosis, highlighting an intricate interplay among bone, adipose tissue, and liver. Osteoprotegerin(OPG), an important symbol of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-B ligand/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B/OPG system activation, typically considered for its role in bone metabolism, may also play critical roles in the initiation and perpetuation of obesityrelated comorbidities. Clinical data have indicated that OPG concentrations are associated with hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, vascular calcification, endothelial dysfunction, and severity of liver damage in chronic hepatitis C. Nonetheless, the relationship between circulating OPG and IR as a key feature of Met S as well as between OPG and NAFLD remains uncertain. Thus, the aims of the present review are to provide the existent knowledge on these associations and to discuss briefly the underlying mechanisms linking OPG and NAFLD.展开更多
The effect of triptolide (TP) on the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) was explored in rat adjuvant induced arthritis (AA). AA was induced in Wista...The effect of triptolide (TP) on the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) was explored in rat adjuvant induced arthritis (AA). AA was induced in Wistar rats. Arthritis rats were treated with TP and methotrexate (MTX) at the onset (day 9) of arthritis. On the peak of arthritis (day 24), the expression of RANKL and OPG protein in the joints and RANKL mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was detected. TNF-α and IL-1β levels in peripheral blood were determined. Bone erosion scores were also evaluated. The results showed that bone erosion scores in TP and MTX groups were lower than in AA group (.P〈0.01) ; The expression levels of RANKL in the synovium (P〈0.01) and bone (P〈0.05), and OPG level in synovium (P〈0.05) were lower in TP group than in AA group (P〈0.05). In TP group, the expression levels of RANKL mRNA and TNF-α, IL-1β in PBMC were lower than in AA group (all P〈0.01). It was concluded that TP could inhibit rat adjuvant arthritis bone erosion by suppressing the expression of RANKL.展开更多
Vascular calcifications are commonly observed in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD) and contribute to the excessive cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rates observed in these patients populations. Although ...Vascular calcifications are commonly observed in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD) and contribute to the excessive cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rates observed in these patients populations. Although the pathogenetic mechanisms are not yet fully elucidated, recent evidence suggests a link between bone metabolism and the development and progression of vascular calcifications. Moreover, accumulating data indicate that receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand/osteoprotegerin axis which plays essential roles in the regulation of bone metabolism is also involved in extra-osseous bone formation. Further studies are required to establish the prognostic significance of the above biomarkers as predictors of the presence and severity of vascular calcifications in CKD patients and of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Moreover, randomized clinical trials are needed to clarify whether inhibition of osteoclast activity will protect from vascular calcifications.展开更多
Objective To study the effect of baicalin on the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand(RANKL)and osteoprotegerin(OPG)in cultured human periodontal ligament(HPDL)cells.Methods Small interfering ...Objective To study the effect of baicalin on the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand(RANKL)and osteoprotegerin(OPG)in cultured human periodontal ligament(HPDL)cells.Methods Small interfering RNA(siRNA)eukaryotic expression vector targeted transforming growth factor βⅡ receptor(TGF-β RⅡ)was constructed and transfected into T cells.HPDL cells with T cells transfected with siRNA or not were placed in the culture medium that had been added with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and baicalin.The obtained solution was divided into six groups according to the components(group Ⅰ:HPDL cells+LPS+T cells transfected with siRNA1+baicalin;group Ⅱ:HPDL cells+LPS+T cells transfected with siRNA1;group Ⅲ:HPDL cells+LPS+T cells+baicalin;group Ⅳ:HPDL cells+LPS+T cells;group Ⅴ:HPDL cells+baicalin;group Ⅵ:HPDL cells)and was cultured for 48 hours.RT-PCR was used to observe the effect of baicalin on the expression of OPG-RANKL in HPDL cells.Results The ratio of RANKL/OPG in group Ⅰ was lower than that in group Ⅱ(P<0.01)and higher than that in group Ⅲ(P<0.01);The ratio of RANKL/OPG in group Ⅲ was lower than that in group Ⅳ(P<0.01);the ratio of RANKL/OPG in group Ⅳ was higher than that in group Ⅵ(P<0.01);the ratio of RANKL/OPG in group Ⅴ was lower than that in group Ⅵ(P<0.05).Conclusion ① Baicalin could decrease the ratio of RANKL/OPG in HPDL cells.② The TGF-β signaling transduction plays an important role in the effect of baicalin on the RANKL/OPG ratio in HPDL cells.③ Baicalin acts not only through TGF-β to regulate RANKL/OPG in HPDL cells,but also through other pathways.展开更多
核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(receptor activator of Nuclear factor-kappa B Ligand,RANKL)、核因子-κB受体活化因子(receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B,RANK)、骨保护素(osteoprotegerin,OPG)作为肿瘤坏死因子家族的成员...核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(receptor activator of Nuclear factor-kappa B Ligand,RANKL)、核因子-κB受体活化因子(receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B,RANK)、骨保护素(osteoprotegerin,OPG)作为肿瘤坏死因子家族的成员,通过RANKL/RANK/OPG信号通路调节破骨细胞发生及成熟,调控骨代谢,其表达水平直接影响骨质代谢与重塑,现被广泛研究。RANKL/RANK/OPG通路在口腔颌面部形成及改建过程中发挥了关键作用,直接或间接反映出口腔骨破坏类疾病的发生与发展状态。该通路的失衡往往伴随RANKL的增加和(或)OPG的减少,RANKL/OPG的比值影响破骨细胞的成熟及功能,但部分疾病中相关因子的表达水平存在争议,且尚无能应用于临床疾病诊疗的阈值。本文就RANKL/RANK/OPG信号通路调节机制及其在牙周炎、种植、牙齿发育、正畸、颌面部骨缺损修复与再生等口腔相关领域的研究现状进行综述,以进一步探讨口腔中骨代谢及骨破坏类疾病的调节机制,并评价相关因子作为生物标志物的诊断和预后潜力,以期指导临床诊疗及探寻可能的免疫调节靶点。展开更多
文摘Concomitantly with the increase in the prevalences of overweight/obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) has worldwide become the main cause of chronic liver disease in both adults and children. Patients with fatty liver display features of metabolic syndrome(Met S), like insulin resistance(IR), glucose intolerance, hypertension and dyslipidemia. Recently, epidemiological studies have linked obesity, Met S, and NAFLD to decreased bone mineral density and osteoporosis, highlighting an intricate interplay among bone, adipose tissue, and liver. Osteoprotegerin(OPG), an important symbol of the receptor activator of nuclear factor-B ligand/receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B/OPG system activation, typically considered for its role in bone metabolism, may also play critical roles in the initiation and perpetuation of obesityrelated comorbidities. Clinical data have indicated that OPG concentrations are associated with hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, vascular calcification, endothelial dysfunction, and severity of liver damage in chronic hepatitis C. Nonetheless, the relationship between circulating OPG and IR as a key feature of Met S as well as between OPG and NAFLD remains uncertain. Thus, the aims of the present review are to provide the existent knowledge on these associations and to discuss briefly the underlying mechanisms linking OPG and NAFLD.
文摘The effect of triptolide (TP) on the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) and osteoprotegerin (OPG) was explored in rat adjuvant induced arthritis (AA). AA was induced in Wistar rats. Arthritis rats were treated with TP and methotrexate (MTX) at the onset (day 9) of arthritis. On the peak of arthritis (day 24), the expression of RANKL and OPG protein in the joints and RANKL mRNA in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was detected. TNF-α and IL-1β levels in peripheral blood were determined. Bone erosion scores were also evaluated. The results showed that bone erosion scores in TP and MTX groups were lower than in AA group (.P〈0.01) ; The expression levels of RANKL in the synovium (P〈0.01) and bone (P〈0.05), and OPG level in synovium (P〈0.05) were lower in TP group than in AA group (P〈0.05). In TP group, the expression levels of RANKL mRNA and TNF-α, IL-1β in PBMC were lower than in AA group (all P〈0.01). It was concluded that TP could inhibit rat adjuvant arthritis bone erosion by suppressing the expression of RANKL.
文摘Vascular calcifications are commonly observed in patients with chronic kidney disease(CKD) and contribute to the excessive cardiovascular morbidity and mortality rates observed in these patients populations. Although the pathogenetic mechanisms are not yet fully elucidated, recent evidence suggests a link between bone metabolism and the development and progression of vascular calcifications. Moreover, accumulating data indicate that receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand/osteoprotegerin axis which plays essential roles in the regulation of bone metabolism is also involved in extra-osseous bone formation. Further studies are required to establish the prognostic significance of the above biomarkers as predictors of the presence and severity of vascular calcifications in CKD patients and of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Moreover, randomized clinical trials are needed to clarify whether inhibition of osteoclast activity will protect from vascular calcifications.
基金supported by the Foundation of Stomatology Hospital,Xi'an Jiaotong University
文摘Objective To study the effect of baicalin on the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand(RANKL)and osteoprotegerin(OPG)in cultured human periodontal ligament(HPDL)cells.Methods Small interfering RNA(siRNA)eukaryotic expression vector targeted transforming growth factor βⅡ receptor(TGF-β RⅡ)was constructed and transfected into T cells.HPDL cells with T cells transfected with siRNA or not were placed in the culture medium that had been added with lipopolysaccharide(LPS)and baicalin.The obtained solution was divided into six groups according to the components(group Ⅰ:HPDL cells+LPS+T cells transfected with siRNA1+baicalin;group Ⅱ:HPDL cells+LPS+T cells transfected with siRNA1;group Ⅲ:HPDL cells+LPS+T cells+baicalin;group Ⅳ:HPDL cells+LPS+T cells;group Ⅴ:HPDL cells+baicalin;group Ⅵ:HPDL cells)and was cultured for 48 hours.RT-PCR was used to observe the effect of baicalin on the expression of OPG-RANKL in HPDL cells.Results The ratio of RANKL/OPG in group Ⅰ was lower than that in group Ⅱ(P<0.01)and higher than that in group Ⅲ(P<0.01);The ratio of RANKL/OPG in group Ⅲ was lower than that in group Ⅳ(P<0.01);the ratio of RANKL/OPG in group Ⅳ was higher than that in group Ⅵ(P<0.01);the ratio of RANKL/OPG in group Ⅴ was lower than that in group Ⅵ(P<0.05).Conclusion ① Baicalin could decrease the ratio of RANKL/OPG in HPDL cells.② The TGF-β signaling transduction plays an important role in the effect of baicalin on the RANKL/OPG ratio in HPDL cells.③ Baicalin acts not only through TGF-β to regulate RANKL/OPG in HPDL cells,but also through other pathways.
文摘核因子-κB受体活化因子配体(receptor activator of Nuclear factor-kappa B Ligand,RANKL)、核因子-κB受体活化因子(receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B,RANK)、骨保护素(osteoprotegerin,OPG)作为肿瘤坏死因子家族的成员,通过RANKL/RANK/OPG信号通路调节破骨细胞发生及成熟,调控骨代谢,其表达水平直接影响骨质代谢与重塑,现被广泛研究。RANKL/RANK/OPG通路在口腔颌面部形成及改建过程中发挥了关键作用,直接或间接反映出口腔骨破坏类疾病的发生与发展状态。该通路的失衡往往伴随RANKL的增加和(或)OPG的减少,RANKL/OPG的比值影响破骨细胞的成熟及功能,但部分疾病中相关因子的表达水平存在争议,且尚无能应用于临床疾病诊疗的阈值。本文就RANKL/RANK/OPG信号通路调节机制及其在牙周炎、种植、牙齿发育、正畸、颌面部骨缺损修复与再生等口腔相关领域的研究现状进行综述,以进一步探讨口腔中骨代谢及骨破坏类疾病的调节机制,并评价相关因子作为生物标志物的诊断和预后潜力,以期指导临床诊疗及探寻可能的免疫调节靶点。