Background:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is the most aggressive subtype and occurs in approximately 15%–20%of diagnosed breast cancers.TNBC is characterized by its highly metastatic and recurrent features,as wel...Background:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is the most aggressive subtype and occurs in approximately 15%–20%of diagnosed breast cancers.TNBC is characterized by its highly metastatic and recurrent features,as well as a lack of specific targets and targeted therapeutics.Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is highly expressed in a variety of tumors,especially in TNBC.LR004-VC-MMAE is a new EGFR-targeting antibody–drug conjugate produced by our laboratory.This study aimed to evaluate its antitumor activities against EGFR-positive TNBC and further studied its possible mechanism of antitumor action.Methods:LR004-VC-MMAE was prepared by coupling a cytotoxic payload(MMAE)to an anti-EGFR antibody(LR004)via a linker,and the drug-to-antibody ratio(DAR)was analyzed by HIC-HPLC.The gene expression of EGFR in a series of breast cancer cell lines was assessed using a publicly available microarray dataset(GSE41313)and Western blotting.MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with LR004-VC-MMAE(0,0.0066,0.066,0.66,6.6 nmol/L),and the inhibitory effects of LR004-VC-MMAE on cell proliferation were examined by CCK-8 and colony formation.The migration and invasion capacity of MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells were tested at different LR004-VCMMAE concentrations(2.5 and 5 nmol/L)with wound healing and Transwell invasion assays.Flow cytometric analysis and tumorsphere-forming assays were used to detect the killing effects of LR004-VC-MMAE on cancer stem cells(MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells).The mouse xenograft models were also used to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of LR004-VC-MMAE in vivo.Briefly,BALB/c nude mice were subcutaneously inoculated with MDA-MB-468 or MDAMB-231 cells.Then they were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=6 per group)and treated with PBS,naked LR004(10 mg/kg),LR004-VC-MMAE(10 mg/kg),or doxorubicin,respectively.Tumor sizes and the body weights of mice were measured every 4 d.The effects of LR004-VC-MMAE on apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry.Western blotting was used to detect the effects of LR004-VC-MMAE on EGFR,ERK,MEK phosphorylation and tumor stemness marker gene expression.Results:LR004-VC-MMAE with a DAR of 4.02 were obtained.The expression of EGFR was found to be significantly higher in TNBC cells compared with non-TNBC cells(P<0.01).LR004-VC-MMAE inhibited the proliferation of EGFRpositive TNBC cells,and the ICvalues of MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells treated with LR004-VC-MMAE for 72 h were(0.13±0.02)nmol/L and(0.66±0.06)nmol/L,respectively,which were significantly lower than that of cells treated with MMAE[(3.20±0.60)nmol/L,P<0.01,and(6.60±0.50)nmol/L,P<0.001].LR004-VC-MMAE effectively inhibited migration and invasion of MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells.Moreover,LR004-VC-MMAE also killed tumor stem cells in EGFR-positive TNBC cells and impaired their tumorsphere-forming ability.In TNBC xenograft models,LR004-VC-MMAE at 10 mg/kg significantly suppressed tumor growth and achieved complete tumor regression on day 36.Surprisingly,tumor recurrence was not observed until the end of the experiment on day 52.In a mechanistic study,we found that LR004-VC-MMAE significantly induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G/M phase in MDAMB-468[(34±5)%vs.(12±2)%,P<0.001]and MDA-MB-231[(27±4)%vs.(18±3)%,P<0.01]cells.LR004-VC-MMAE also inhibited the activation of EGFR signaling and the expression of cancer stemness marker genes such as Oct4,Sox2,KLF4 and EpCAM.Conclusions:LR004-VC-MMAE showed effective antitumor activity by inhibiting the activation of EGFR signaling and the expression of cancer stemness marker genes.It might be a promising therapeutic candidate and provides a potential therapeutic avenue for the treatment of EGFR-positive TNBC.展开更多
目的分析阿替利珠单抗发生不良反应(adverse reactions,ADRs)的临床特点与规律,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法搜索中国知网、维普、万方、Web of Science、PubMed数据库,收集关于阿替利珠单抗所致不良反应的报道文献并进行分析,研究时间...目的分析阿替利珠单抗发生不良反应(adverse reactions,ADRs)的临床特点与规律,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法搜索中国知网、维普、万方、Web of Science、PubMed数据库,收集关于阿替利珠单抗所致不良反应的报道文献并进行分析,研究时间为2022年4—8月。结果阿替利珠致不良反应报道共94例;其中男性56例(59.57%),女性38例(40.43%),男性占比较高;年龄(62.8±12.0)岁,中老年人居多;多数发生在用药后的90 d内(71例,71.0%);阿替利珠单抗致ADRs累及多个系统/器官,其中以神经系统损害(22例,22.0%)占比最多;3~4级严重ADRs占比最多(64例,64.0%);94例经治疗和(或)停药后,好转或治愈80例,死亡5例。结论阿替利珠单抗所致ADRs涉及不同性别与年龄段病人,累及多个系统/器官,临床使用应随时监测,警惕ADRs的发生,做到及时识别与治疗。展开更多
目的:为探讨非选择性醛固酮受体拮抗剂螺内酯抗高血压心肌纤维化的机制,观测了螺内酯对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)心肌组织Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原含量及比值的影响。方法:20只雄性SHR随机分为螺内酯组(10只)和对照组(10只),另设WKY组(7只)。螺内酯组...目的:为探讨非选择性醛固酮受体拮抗剂螺内酯抗高血压心肌纤维化的机制,观测了螺内酯对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)心肌组织Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原含量及比值的影响。方法:20只雄性SHR随机分为螺内酯组(10只)和对照组(10只),另设WKY组(7只)。螺内酯组采用螺内酯双蒸水溶解,20 mg/(kg.d)灌胃,对照组和WKY组采用等容积双蒸水灌胃,连续16周。Westernblot方法分析心肌组织Ⅰ型胶原的水平;偏振光显微镜下观察Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原,图像分析系统分别计算Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原面积积分及Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原比值。结果:与WKY组比较,对照组心肌组织Ⅰ型胶原明显增多(1.87±0.2 vs 1.21±0.7,P<0.05),治疗16周,与对照组比较,螺内酯组心肌组织Ⅰ型胶原下降(1.42±0.05 vs 1.87±0.2),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。偏振光显微镜观察心肌Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原面积,与对照组比较,螺内酯组Ⅰ型胶原像素(6400±259 vs 12019±734)、Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原比值(15.64±1.34 vs 20.8±3.04)明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但三组间Ⅲ型胶原像素比较,差异未见有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:螺内酯减少SHR心肌Ⅰ型胶原的沉积及Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原比值,对Ⅲ型胶原无明显影响。展开更多
基金supported by the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(CIFMS)(2021-1-I2M-026)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(7202133)the Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2021-RW350-002)。
文摘Background:Triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC)is the most aggressive subtype and occurs in approximately 15%–20%of diagnosed breast cancers.TNBC is characterized by its highly metastatic and recurrent features,as well as a lack of specific targets and targeted therapeutics.Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is highly expressed in a variety of tumors,especially in TNBC.LR004-VC-MMAE is a new EGFR-targeting antibody–drug conjugate produced by our laboratory.This study aimed to evaluate its antitumor activities against EGFR-positive TNBC and further studied its possible mechanism of antitumor action.Methods:LR004-VC-MMAE was prepared by coupling a cytotoxic payload(MMAE)to an anti-EGFR antibody(LR004)via a linker,and the drug-to-antibody ratio(DAR)was analyzed by HIC-HPLC.The gene expression of EGFR in a series of breast cancer cell lines was assessed using a publicly available microarray dataset(GSE41313)and Western blotting.MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with LR004-VC-MMAE(0,0.0066,0.066,0.66,6.6 nmol/L),and the inhibitory effects of LR004-VC-MMAE on cell proliferation were examined by CCK-8 and colony formation.The migration and invasion capacity of MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells were tested at different LR004-VCMMAE concentrations(2.5 and 5 nmol/L)with wound healing and Transwell invasion assays.Flow cytometric analysis and tumorsphere-forming assays were used to detect the killing effects of LR004-VC-MMAE on cancer stem cells(MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells).The mouse xenograft models were also used to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of LR004-VC-MMAE in vivo.Briefly,BALB/c nude mice were subcutaneously inoculated with MDA-MB-468 or MDAMB-231 cells.Then they were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=6 per group)and treated with PBS,naked LR004(10 mg/kg),LR004-VC-MMAE(10 mg/kg),or doxorubicin,respectively.Tumor sizes and the body weights of mice were measured every 4 d.The effects of LR004-VC-MMAE on apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry.Western blotting was used to detect the effects of LR004-VC-MMAE on EGFR,ERK,MEK phosphorylation and tumor stemness marker gene expression.Results:LR004-VC-MMAE with a DAR of 4.02 were obtained.The expression of EGFR was found to be significantly higher in TNBC cells compared with non-TNBC cells(P<0.01).LR004-VC-MMAE inhibited the proliferation of EGFRpositive TNBC cells,and the ICvalues of MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells treated with LR004-VC-MMAE for 72 h were(0.13±0.02)nmol/L and(0.66±0.06)nmol/L,respectively,which were significantly lower than that of cells treated with MMAE[(3.20±0.60)nmol/L,P<0.01,and(6.60±0.50)nmol/L,P<0.001].LR004-VC-MMAE effectively inhibited migration and invasion of MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells.Moreover,LR004-VC-MMAE also killed tumor stem cells in EGFR-positive TNBC cells and impaired their tumorsphere-forming ability.In TNBC xenograft models,LR004-VC-MMAE at 10 mg/kg significantly suppressed tumor growth and achieved complete tumor regression on day 36.Surprisingly,tumor recurrence was not observed until the end of the experiment on day 52.In a mechanistic study,we found that LR004-VC-MMAE significantly induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G/M phase in MDAMB-468[(34±5)%vs.(12±2)%,P<0.001]and MDA-MB-231[(27±4)%vs.(18±3)%,P<0.01]cells.LR004-VC-MMAE also inhibited the activation of EGFR signaling and the expression of cancer stemness marker genes such as Oct4,Sox2,KLF4 and EpCAM.Conclusions:LR004-VC-MMAE showed effective antitumor activity by inhibiting the activation of EGFR signaling and the expression of cancer stemness marker genes.It might be a promising therapeutic candidate and provides a potential therapeutic avenue for the treatment of EGFR-positive TNBC.
文摘目的分析阿替利珠单抗发生不良反应(adverse reactions,ADRs)的临床特点与规律,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法搜索中国知网、维普、万方、Web of Science、PubMed数据库,收集关于阿替利珠单抗所致不良反应的报道文献并进行分析,研究时间为2022年4—8月。结果阿替利珠致不良反应报道共94例;其中男性56例(59.57%),女性38例(40.43%),男性占比较高;年龄(62.8±12.0)岁,中老年人居多;多数发生在用药后的90 d内(71例,71.0%);阿替利珠单抗致ADRs累及多个系统/器官,其中以神经系统损害(22例,22.0%)占比最多;3~4级严重ADRs占比最多(64例,64.0%);94例经治疗和(或)停药后,好转或治愈80例,死亡5例。结论阿替利珠单抗所致ADRs涉及不同性别与年龄段病人,累及多个系统/器官,临床使用应随时监测,警惕ADRs的发生,做到及时识别与治疗。
文摘目的:为探讨非选择性醛固酮受体拮抗剂螺内酯抗高血压心肌纤维化的机制,观测了螺内酯对自发性高血压大鼠(SHR)心肌组织Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原含量及比值的影响。方法:20只雄性SHR随机分为螺内酯组(10只)和对照组(10只),另设WKY组(7只)。螺内酯组采用螺内酯双蒸水溶解,20 mg/(kg.d)灌胃,对照组和WKY组采用等容积双蒸水灌胃,连续16周。Westernblot方法分析心肌组织Ⅰ型胶原的水平;偏振光显微镜下观察Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原,图像分析系统分别计算Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原面积积分及Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原比值。结果:与WKY组比较,对照组心肌组织Ⅰ型胶原明显增多(1.87±0.2 vs 1.21±0.7,P<0.05),治疗16周,与对照组比较,螺内酯组心肌组织Ⅰ型胶原下降(1.42±0.05 vs 1.87±0.2),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。偏振光显微镜观察心肌Ⅰ、Ⅲ型胶原面积,与对照组比较,螺内酯组Ⅰ型胶原像素(6400±259 vs 12019±734)、Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原比值(15.64±1.34 vs 20.8±3.04)明显下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但三组间Ⅲ型胶原像素比较,差异未见有统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:螺内酯减少SHR心肌Ⅰ型胶原的沉积及Ⅰ/Ⅲ型胶原比值,对Ⅲ型胶原无明显影响。
