Practice and Thinking on Current Planning Environmental Impact Assessment of Transmission and Transformation Power Grid in Jiangsu Province

The planning environmental impact assessment （EIA） of transmission and transformation power grid at levels of 500 and 220 kV had been finished completely in the 13 municipalities of Jiangsu Province by the end of 2012, which played important roles in guiding and planning the following transmission and transformation projects in environmental protection. In this paper, through the detail analysis on the objective and significance of the planning EIA of transmission and transformation power grid, legal basis and planning EIA practices, some suggestions and thinking about the planning EIA of transmission and transformation power grid were put forward.

Comprehensive assessment method for environmental impact of railway based on geographic information system

By integrating the merits of the map overlay method and the geographic information system (GIS), a GIS based map overlay method was developed to analyze comprehensively the environmental vulnerability around railway and its impact on the environment, which is adapted for the comprehensive assessment of railway environmental impact and the optimization of railway alignments. The assessment process of the GIS based map overlay method was presented, which includes deciding the system structure and weights of assessment factors, making environmental vulnerability grade maps, and evaluating the alternative alignments comprehensively to obtain the best one. With the GIS functions of spatial analysis, such as overlay analysis and buffer analysis, and functions of handling attribute data, the GIS based map overlay method overcomes the shortcomings of the existing map overlay method and the conclusion is more reasonable. In the end, a detailed case study was illustrated to verify the efficiency of the method.

Practice and Thinking of Plan Environmental Impact Assessment of Power Transmission and Transformation Grid in Nanjing

At present,the plan environmental impact assessment of power transmission and transformation grid is relatively mature. How to further improve the quality of plan environmental impact assessment of power grid during the "14^(th) Five-Year Plan" period is very important. In this paper,the plan environmental impact assessment of power grid in the Development Plan for Power Grid in Nanjing during the "13^(th) Five-Year Plan" Period is studied to further discuss the ideas,evaluation system and content framework of plan environmental impact assessment of power grid.

A Study on the Theory and Approach of Environmental Impact Assessment in General Land Use Planning

In this paper,the theory and approach of environmental impact assessment in general land use planning are studied from different aspects.First,starting from the content and concept of general land use planning,the necessity of environmental impact assessment in general land use planning is illustrated.On the basis of its evaluation theories and methodologies,it attempts to establish index system of environmental impact assessment in general land use planning,and point outs that current general land use planning requires public participation.

Preliminary Investigation on Tracking Evaluation of Planning Environmental Impact Assessment in Ecological Civilization Construction of Wuhan City

On the basis of experimental works of planning environmental impact assessment, works of planning environmental impact assessment such as each of the city＇s special planning and development zone planning were comprehensively promoted in Wuhan City, which effectively promoted the adjustment of Wuhan industrial structure, the rational layout of functions and the efficient utilization of resources, and laid a solid foundation for Wuhan City to be the supporting point for the rise of central China. Here, the work carried out in Wuhan was reviewed, combined with the new requirements of the current ecological civilization construction in Wuhan City, and the framework, the key technical points and the important focuses of the carrying out of the tracking evaluation of planning environmental impact assessment were proposed.

Substituted plan analysis in the environmental impact assessment of Yongchuan wastewater treatment project

Substituted plan in the environmental impact assessment (EIA) mainly means the treatment technology and the substituted site of plant, and it also includes the many kinds of environment protection measures. This paper will make detailed analysis on the treatment technology, the substituted site of plant, the purpose of discharged water and the dispose of sludge in the Yongchuan wastewater treatment project.

Assessment of the Environmental Impact of Road Infrastructure in Countries: A Study of the Namibia Scenario

The assessment of the impact of road infrastructure in the developing countries using the Namibian case scenario was done based on the contemporary challenges of road use. This study employed a qualitative technique using a sample size of thirty (30) selected by the simple random sampling technique. The use of charts, tables and frequencies were done to explain certain trends in the study. A well-structured, valid and reliable questionnaire instrument was designed for the study based on the following research questions;what are the impacts of road transport on the Namibian environment and what are the possible measures that may be used to reduce environmental impact of road transport on the Namibian environment? Twenty five respondents (83%) agreed that road transfer has drastically improved development and 26 (87%) respondents also accepted that it can improve Namibian economy. Similarly, it has also improved communication and technology greatly according to 27 (90%) respondents. To add more credence to the impact of road transport on the economy, all the 30 (100%) of the respondents agreed that road transport aids mobility within Namibia while 27 (90%) respondents supported the opinion that road transport aids in job search, 3 (10%) disagreed. The result shows that car owners service are potential threats which can affect pollution levels as was supported by 97% to cause environmental pollution as well as 100% when combined with energy consumption. Similarly, all the respondents indicated the potential of increased accident rate from poor road safety. Felling of trees poses great danger (97% response) due to the degradation of the environment. Most respondents (77% and 83%) agreed that road transport can lead to land encroachment and loss of aesthetic and farming. This research has shown that eventually death rate may increase from mere ill-health to from the degraded ecosystem, 24 respondents (80%). So many policies to protect the environment but the practical measures are to encourage impact assessment studies for road projects, land use control and human safety precautions on road use.

Planning Environmental Impact Assessment Orienting Sustainable Development: Opportunities and Challenges

Strategic Environmental Assessment is a frontier subject in the field of Environmental Impact Assessment. In the past two decades, especially in recent years, much more importance has been attached to Strategic Environmental Assessment. The Environmental Impact Assessment Law of the P.R. China which was promulgated provides a great opportunity for the development of Planning Environmental Impact Assessment and brings great challenges for the development of traditional Project Environmental Impact Assessment and Planning Environmental Impact Assessment at the same time. In order to promote the implementation of "The EIA Law", the inherent limitations of Project Environmental Impact Assessment must be identified sufficiently and the theory research and practice of Planning Environmental Impact Assessment should be strengthened as well. Measures should be taken currently to enforce the operation system. The authors wish to offer a few references to the progress and implementation of Planning Environmental Impact Assessment in China.

Environmental impacts assessment for hydropower development planning in China

This article briefly introduced China’s law framework and technical standards related to environmental impacts assessment(EIA) for hydropower development, and the EIA developing process for hydropower development planning. Authors summarized the working experiences about hydropower development planning EIA done in the recent years in China, discussed the considerations and methods of hydropower development planning EIA, and put forward the index system for hydropower development planning EIA initially.

The significance of resource recycling for coking wastewater treatment:based on environmental and economic life cycle assessment

The sustainability of the coking industry is supported by reasonable production profit and environmental quality requirements.The traditional measures substantially increased the related costs for enterprises to reach standards.This paper aims to develop a comprehensive cost combined environmental impact assessment method that is necessary for the analysis of wastewater treatment systems.Typical three coking wastewater treatment processes in China were evaluated.Results showed that eutrophication dominantly contributed to the overall environmental effect.Improving effluent quality could significantly reduce the total environmental impact.In terms of an economic perspective,the price of raw materials was the main factor that affected the operating cost of comprehensive treatment.Based on subsystem analysis,the pretreatment stage accounted for the majority of environmental and cost burdens,respectively reaching 64%-78%and 64%-86%.Optimizing the pretreatment process by enhancing the efficiency of high concentration raw material recovery and substituting toxic raw materials for extractant could reduce the environmental impact and economic cost by 43.8%and 57%,respectively,which was an effective way to improve the potential performance of coking wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs).

THE APPLICATION OF GIS IN URBAN PLANNING:ENVIRONMENTAL ZONING STUDY IN THE OLD CITY OF WENZHOU,CHINA

Due to rapid growth of population, urbanization and industrialization, in many cites of the developing world, there is severe contradiction between urban land supply and land demand which resulted in many urban land use conflicting situations and urban environment degrading. This paper is mainly focused on this problem, demonstrating the feasibility and efficiency of environmental study by integrating GIS and environmetal zoning method. Two neighbourhoods of the old city of Wenzhou were chosen as the study area. With the aid of GIS software PC Arc/info as dBate IV, an urhan environmental impact assessment study was carried out based on the data available such as land use map and detailed attribute data of each land planning unit. The main factors taken into consideration include: the type of activity causing environmental stress, the type and strength of environmental impact and the type of receptive area that could be affected.

Study Progress and Trends of Strategic Environmental Assessment in China

Strategic environmental assessment (SEA) in China has developed rapidly since it was introduced into China in the 1990s. Chinese government promulgated the Environmental Impact Assessment Law of China (hereinafter referred to as the EIA Law) in 2002. In this law, it is stipulated clearly that regional and sector plans should be assessed. Through investigating materials and analyzing literatures, this article analyses the practical and academic study achievements of SEA in China that have been achieved since the EIA Law was implemented, probes into the current situation of the main level of SEA in China-plan EIA, then summarizes the development characteristics, and eventually, puts forward the development trends of SEA in China. The research conclusions can offer the foundations for comprehending systematically the progress of SEA in China.

Scientific Development of Power Sector Led by Plan EIA in a New Environmental Protection Situation

Environmental problems like haze have brought great pressure to current environmental protection management. On the one hand, plan EIA should be promoted further in all industries; on the other hand, the current achievements and methods of plan EIA should be summarized and innovated. And the EIA supervision and project access can be improved further through the coordination between plan EIA and project EIA. In this study, from the three levels of plan EIA policy framework, five problems of plan EIA in power sector were analyzed according to the current situation of plan EIA in power sector. Based on the present achievements, five macroscopic suggestions were proposed from the view of innovation accord- ing to the new environmental protection situation and requirements at present.

RiskSystem系统在化工园区风险管控中的应用

化工园区历来是环境风险管控的重点区域,RiskSystem系统在化工园区规划环评中也得到较为广泛的利用,系统严格按《建设项目环境风险评价技术导则》要求进行构建,在参数充分的情况下,其界面友好,模拟结果可信,结合卫星定位系统,可对主要风险源实施精细化管理。本文结合化工园区规划环评实际工作,采用RiskSystem系统对园区风险源进行预测评价,并提出园区环境风险管控重点,能够为化工园区规划环评及风险管理工作提供参考。

Economic development and its impact on the environment in east coastal zone of China

This paper discusses briefly the elementary characteristics of the east China economic developing zone, and analyses the condition of urban atmospheric pollution, water pollution and ecological damage in this zone at present. It was brought forward that we must pay great attention to the environmental factors, and make the environmental impact assessment and environmental planning in the process of economic development in this zone.

黏结钕铁硼磁体生产和回收生命周期评价

关于钕铁硼磁体回收的研究越来越受到重视,但在起步阶段回收制备技术是否能够真正带来环境效益是不确定的。采用ReCiPe评价方法,选取制备1 kg黏结钕铁硼磁体为功能单位,分别对黏结钕铁硼磁体直接制备和回收制备流程的环境影响进行评价并对比。结果表明:直接制备流程中对环境影响最大的关键阶段为熔炼阶段,环境影响主要由钕和电力产生;回收制备流程中对环境影响最大的关键阶段为去除有机物阶段和热压固化阶段,环境影响主要由次氯酸钠和电力产生。生产1 kg黏结钕铁硼磁体,直接制备工艺对人体健康损害、生态健康损害和资源耗竭的环境损害分别是回收制备工艺的158.40%、180.63%、63.37%。

规划环评制度的实施困境纾解

规划环评制度具有源头环境管控功能,是现代环境治理体系的重要组成部分,已实现了从末端治理到源头预防再到风险预防的制度转型。分析我国规划环评制度实践,发现目前规划环评制度存在综合保护理念不足、事后评估监督疲软、规划环评报告强制性效力不够等问题。为不断深化环评制度改革,需要进一步发挥规划环评的综合保护作用,规范规划环评长效监督机制,健全规划环评法律责任路径,以期为生态文明建设及《环境影响评价法》的修改提供支撑。

探究污染物总量控制在规划环评中的作用与应用

随着时代的发展和科学技术水平的提升,我国经济由高速发展阶段进入高质量发展阶段。经济的腾飞极大地提升了国民生活质量,增强了人民的幸福感,但也带来了一系列的环境问题,所以我国持续推进规划环评制度改革,以此优化营商环境,并推动生态环境管控成果落地。污染物总量控制作为一种环境管理手段,在规划环评工作中具有很强的应用意义。为了提升规划环评工作中应用污染物总量控制的效率和质量,本文以探究污染物总量在规划环评中的作用与应用为研究主题,首先阐述了污染物总量的概念,然后分析了污染物总量控制在规划环评中的作用,最后分析了污染物总量控制在规划环评中的应用策略,以期为相关工作人员提供参考。

新时代法治背景下国家公园规划的理论和技术研究

开展国家公园规划的理论和技术研究对挖掘绿色新质生产力构建具有重要意义。通过总结国家公园建设与管理实践,研究得出:开展规划环境影响报告书编制;执行社会稳定风险评估;界定规划范围、调查分析评价范围、管控范围及空间布局;突出原住居民有机农耕方式、文物保护和优秀传统文化传承;突出水生态环境和生态水文过程的保护;强化国家公园全生态要素管理基础设施与能力建设;重视多样性生态产品供给及生态价值可持续实现途径;加强智慧化管理基础设施:落实社区有效融合发展途径,对丰富和发展国家公园规划的理论与技术创新具有重要价值。

构建国土空间规划体系背景下北京控规环评优化探索

2019年以来,我国明确要构建“多规合一”“五级三类”国土空间规划体系,由“单一技术型空间规划”转变为“统筹多元诉求,空间、时间多维度的利益协调型规划”,规划编制应统筹考虑社会、经济、生态、安全、文化等诸多因素,纳入环境影响评价、交通影响评价、水影响评价等意见。北京市控制性详细规划环境影响评价在国家规划体系发生重大调整的背景下,存在一些问题,比如与规划编制内容不吻合、与产业园区规划环评界限不明、规划调整建议依据不充分、建设项目环境影响评价简化“落地难”等,提出了明确规划环境影响评价法律地位、规划前期融入环境影响评价技术、完善建设项目环评简化依据等优化路径,进一步推动优化营商环境。