A Probe into C-E Translation of Publicity Materials of Red Tourism in Hu.nan Province

Hunan Province is rich in red tourism resources, and many scenic spots in the region proudly echo the glory of China's revolutionary history. Publicity materials of red tourism in Hunan Province play the role of publicizing and promoting historical sites and places linked with China's revolutionary history. However, at present the C-E translation of publicity materials of red tourism in Hunan province is far from satisfaction. Reasonable application of eco-translatology in C-E translation of publicity materials of red tourism in Hunan Province will allow the translator to enjoy a much greater degree of flexibility in translating and produce appropriate translation which produce functionally the same effect on the target readers as the original on the readers.

Hydration kinetics of cementitious materials composed of red mud and coal gangue

To elucidate the intrinsic reaction mechanism of cementitious materials composed of red mud and coal gangue（RGC）, the hydration kinetics of these cementitious materials at 20°C was investigated on the basis of the Krstulovi？-Dabi？ model. An isothermal calorimeter was used to characterize the hydration heat evolution. The results show that the hydration of RGC is controlled by the processes of nucleation and crystal growth（NG）, interaction at phase boundaries（I）, and diffusion（D） in order, and the pozzolanic reactions of slag and compound-activated red mud-coal gangue are mainly controlled by the I process. Slag accelerates the clinker hydration during NG process, whereas the compound-activated red mud-coal gangue retards the hydration of RGC and the time required for I process increases with increasing dosage of red mud-coal gangue in RGC.

Durability and microstructure analysis of the road base material prepared from red mud and flue gas desulfurization fly ash

The present study aimed to investigate the durability and microstructure evolution of road base materials(RBM)prepared from red mud and flue gas desulfurization fly ash.The durability testing showed that the strength of RBM with the blast furnace slag addition of 1wt%,3wt%and 5wt%reached 3.81,4.87,and 5.84 MPa after 5 freezing–thawing(F–T)cycles and reached 5.21,5.75,and 6.98 MPa after 20 weting–drying(W–D)cycles,respectively.The results also indicated that hydration products were continuously formed even during W–D and F–T exposures,resulting in an increase of the strength and durability of RBM.The observed increase of macropores(>1μm)after F–T and W–D exposures suggested that the mechanism of RBM deterioration is pore enlargement due to cracks that develop inside their matrix.Moreover,the F–T exposure showed a greater negative effect on the durability of RBM compared to the W–D exposure.The leaching tests showed that sodium and heavy metals were solidified below the minimum requirement,which indicates that these wastes are suitable for use as a natural material replacement in road base construction.

Sustainable materials in Fujian vernacular residential architecture

Cases abound in Fujian province of applying sustainable materials in the construction of traditional residential buildings, which demonstrate the skills and creative techniques of local builders, reflecting their wisdom in molding and adapting to the environment. This paper probes into the utilization of locally available resources in Fujian traditional residential architecture from the perspective of the characteristics of "reduction, recycling and reuse" of sustainable materials, and puts forward the view that sustainability study of contemporary architecture should be approached from the relationship between man and environment and that inspiration can be drawn from the creative and innovative ideas of the folk residential builders.

Properties of Rapid Hardening Controlled Low Strength Material Made of Recycled Fine Aggregate from Urban Red Brick Construction Waste

In some cases of emergency backfill engineering projects, traditional backfill materials cannot meet the requirements of fast construction due to their long curing time. This study presents a new kind of rapid hardening controlled low strength material, which utilizes both rapid hardening sulphoaluminate cement and recycled fine aggregate from urban red brick construction waste. Totally, sixteen mixtures were prepared for the experiment with different cement-to-sand ratios and water-to-solid ratios. The flowability and bleeding rate of fresh mixture were measured to evaluate its workability, and the compressive strength of hardened mixture was tested to evaluate its rapid hardening and mechanical properties. Test results indicate that rapid hardening controlled low strength material containing recycled fine aggregate from urban red brick construction waste can achieve the desirable flowability, but the bleeding rate increases with the increase of flowability. In addition, 2-hour compressive strength can reach 0.08 - 0.12 MPa, and 4-hour compressive strength is 0.32 - 1.54 MPa, which can meet the requirements of emergency backfill construction. At last, based on the derived compressive strength, a fitting model for predicting compressive strength evolution of this new rapid hardening backfill material is developed, which fits accurately with these experimental data.

Revealing the Pressure-Induced Softening/Weakening Mechanism in Representative Covalent Materials

Diamond, cubic boron nitride(c-BN), silicon(Si), and germanium(Ge), as examples of typical strong covalent materials, have been extensively investigated in recent decades, owing to their fundamental importance in material science and industry. However, an in-depth analysis of the character of these materials' mechanical behaviors under harsh service environments, such as high pressure, has yet to be conducted. Based on several mechanical criteria, the effect of pressure on the mechanical properties of these materials is comprehensively investigated.It is demonstrated that, with respect to their intrinsic brittleness/ductile nature, all these materials exhibit ubiquitous pressure-enhanced ductility. By analyzing the strength variation under uniform deformation, together with the corresponding electronic structures, we reveal for the first time that the pressure-induced mechanical softening/weakening exhibits distinct characteristics between diamond and c-BN, owing to the differences in their abnormal charge-depletion evolution under applied strain, whereas a monotonous weakening phenomenon is observed in Si and Ge. Further investigation into dislocation-mediated plastic resistance indicates that the pressure-induced shuffle-set plane softening in diamond(c-BN), and weakening in Si(Ge), can be attributed to the reduction of antibonding states below the Fermi level, and an enhanced metallization, corresponding to the weakening of the bonds around the slipped plane with increasing pressure, respectively. These findings not only reveal the physical mechanism of pressure-induced softening/weakening in covalent materials, but also highlights the necessity of exploring strain-tunable electronic structures to emphasize the mechanical response in such covalent materials.

Synthesis and Characterization of a Red Clay Based New Composite Ceramic Material

In this study, a new composite ceramic material using a red clay matrix with different amount of clinker from the cement industry has been developed. The aim is to valorize some natural resources such as red clay and sub-products from the cement industry as clinker in order to develop new materials for industrial and/or catalytic uses. Raw materials were grounded in order to reduce the particle size and obtain a homogeneous slip. The samples were mixed and compressed into pellets and undergo a heat treatment up to 1100℃. Geotechnical characterization has been carried out. Firing proprieties (shrinkage, water absorption, and mechanical resistance to the inflection) were measured. The composition of the ceramic material was investigated by X-ray diffraction, XRF, SEM and EDS methods. The incorporation of clinker in the ceramic composite material up to 50 wt% exhibits good behaviors (physical and mechanical proprieties) and can be used as a ceramic product.

Effect of distortion degree on the hydration of red mud base cementitious material

The interaction of Si anions with AI sites during the hydration process was observed by NMR, IR and SEM to understand the reaction mechanism of the hydrates formation mixed with oil shale calcined at different temperatures. As the reaction progressed,the coordination of AI (IV, V, and VI) changed almost completely to IV, when mixed with oilshale calcined at 700^(。)C. However, when mixed with oil shale calcined at 400^(。)C, some6-coordination of AI still remained in the hydrates. Under the function of alkaline solutions,which were produced with the hydration of clinker, a certain amount of Si and AI atomsdissolved or hydrolyzed from aluminosilicate, formed geomonomers in solutions, and thenpolycondensed to form networks.

广西大新红黏土工程地质特性及路基处治措施

研究目的:红黏土因其特殊的工程性质,容易引起边坡出现裂隙、垮塌、不均匀沉降等病害,对工程质量、安全、造价造成极大影响。本文对红黏土进行详细室内土工试验,分析研究红黏土的物理力学性特征,从而为红黏土边坡防护及填料利用提供相应的处治措施建议,以指导工程实践。研究结论:(1)该地区红黏土显示出高含水率、高饱和度、高孔隙比、高液限、高塑性、压缩性较小、黏聚力高、弱~中膨胀性的特征;(2)随深度增加,含水率、液限、孔隙比、液性指数、压缩系数逐渐增大,而黏聚力、压缩模量逐步降低,形成上硬下软的特征;(3)对红黏土路堑,提出采用“缓边坡、宽平台、固坡脚”的设计原则;(4)针对红黏土填料,提出根据击实后50 kPa下膨胀总率判定填料膨胀性,采取包边、加筋、设置垫层、无机结合料改良处治后用于路基填料;(5)本研究成果对广西红黏土地区勘察设计具有一定的参考价值。

赤泥脱碱活化及在胶凝材料中的应用

总结了目前赤泥在脱碱、活化方面的研究现状,分析对比了各方法的优势以及存在的问题,综述了国内外赤泥在胶凝材料中的应用研究,在赤泥资源化应用方面具有积极引导意义。

红层泥岩填料的力学特性及本构模型研究

在红层泥岩地区进行道路工程施工时,考虑到材料短缺和成本问题,常常采用就地取材的方式作为路基填料。为了研究红层泥岩填料的适用性,选取甘肃省永登县某工点的风化红层泥岩填料为研究对象,在室内开展一系列三轴CU剪切试验,探究含水率、围压和压实度对应力-应变曲线、峰值(残余)强度、抗剪强度指标的影响,并对不同类型的应力-应变曲线,分别采用相应的模型进行拟合。研究结果表明:含水率、围压和压实度对其物理力学特性具有显著影响;对符合应变软化型规律的曲线,采用沈珠江的双曲线模型拟合的规律一般;对符合应变硬化型规律的曲线,采用Duncan-Chang模型拟合的规律较好。研究结果可以为甘肃省红层泥岩路基的病害处治与维修提供参考依据。

水田改旱地和菜地后红壤酸度和养分变化特征

【目的】以红壤区典型县域祁阳为例,分析不同母质发育的水田改为旱地和菜地后土壤酸度和养分含量变化特征,为该区合理利用土地防治酸化提供科学依据。【方法】选取18个点位,采集水田及相邻的旱地和菜地,分析土壤pH、交换性酸、交换性盐基离子、有机质、阳离子交换量和养分含量的变化及其相互关系。【结果】碱性母质发育的土壤pH均显著高于酸性母质发育的土壤。酸性母质发育的水田改为菜地后土壤pH降低了0.48个单位;碱性母质发育的水田改为旱地和菜地后土壤pH分别降低了0.74和0.53个单位。双直线模型拟合分析表明,当水田、旱地和菜地的土壤pH分别低于5.88、5.78和5.63时,土壤交换性铝含量快速升高,且降低一个pH单位土壤交换性铝含量分别增加1.09、2.33和2.93 cmol(+)·kg^(-1)。酸性母质发育的水田改为旱地土壤有机质和全氮含量分别降低了11.06和0.42 g·kg^(-1),而菜地无显著变化;碱性母质发育的水田改为旱地和菜地后土壤有机质和全氮含量均显著下降,降幅分别为13.88—17.28和0.57—0.71 g·kg^(-1)。碱性母质发育的水田改为旱地和菜地后土壤有效氮含量分别降低了47.66和42.34 mg·kg^(-1)。两种母质发育的水田改为菜地后土壤全磷、有效磷含量均显著增加,增幅分别为0.41—0.48 g·kg^(-1)和26.79—28.69 mg·kg^(-1)。两种母质发育的水田改为旱地和菜地土壤全钾含量无显著变化;碱性母质发育的水田改为旱地和菜地后土壤有效钾含量显著升高,分别升高了36.69和65.76 mg·kg^(-1)。相关分析表明,土壤pH与土壤交换性钙和镁、阳离子交换量、有机质含量和全氮含量呈显著正相关(P<0.01);土壤交换性酸和铝与有效磷含量显著正相关(P<0.05),与土壤交换性钙和镁、阳离子交换量、有机质含量和全氮含量呈显著负相关(P<0.01)。【结论】酸性母质和碱性母质发育的水田改为旱地后土壤有机质、全氮含量均显著降低,而土壤全磷、有效磷含量呈增加趋势;酸性母质发育的水田只有改为菜地后土壤才酸化,而碱性母质发育的水田改为旱地和菜地后土壤均酸化;水田改为旱地和菜地后土壤硝化作用增强和盐基离子淋失增加可能是其酸化的主要原因之一。

双羟基染料改性有色水性聚氨酯的制备与性能

为了探究双羟基染料不同引入方式对水性聚氨酯(WPU)乳液及其成膜性能的影响,采用异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、聚四氢呋喃(PTMG)、2,2-二羟甲基丙酸和1,4-丁二醇(BDO)合成了WPU乳液。将酸性红87作为扩链剂部分替代BDO制备了有色化学共聚聚氨酯(ARWPUA-1~3)乳液;将酸性红87作为软段部分替代PTMG制备了有色化学共聚聚氨酯(ARWPUB-1~3)乳液;将酸性红87与WPU共混制备了WPU/AR。采用FTIR、1HNMR和UV-Vis对样品的结构进行了表征;考察了不同有色WPU的贮存稳定性、耐溶剂性、颜色特征值、耐干/湿摩擦色牢度以及力学性能,并对其进行了分子动力学模拟。结果表明,由n(酸性红87)∶n(BDO)=1∶4制备的ARWPUA-2具有优异的贮存稳定性;在不同溶剂中均不会发生溶解脱色现象;具有良好的耐干/湿摩擦色牢度和较高的力学性能,其拉伸强度22.6MPa,断裂伸长率为810%。

湘南丘陵区水田改旱地后土壤磷的有效性及淋失风险

【目的】研究不同母质发育的水稻土改旱地后土壤有效磷变化特征及主要影响因素,为红壤区磷素高效利用提供依据。【方法】采集3种母质(石灰岩、第四纪红色黏土和砂页岩)发育的水稻土及相邻的水田改旱地土壤样品,分析了土壤全磷、有效磷、水溶性磷和无机磷组分(Al-P、Fe-P、Ca-P和O-P)的变化特征,通过主成分分析(PCA)和随机森林分析,探究水田改旱地后土壤磷素有效性变化的主要驱动因子。【结果】水田改为旱地后,石灰岩、砂页岩发育的土壤有效磷含量分别增加了20.48和17.60 mg/kg (P<0.05),但水溶性磷含量均低于磷素环境阈值;土壤磷活化系数分别提高了2.67和2.22个百分点;Al-P含量分别增加了46.07和51.28mg/kg;石灰岩发育的土壤Fe-P含量增加了62.11 mg/kg。相关分析表明,水田改旱地后,Fe-P、Al-P与磷活化系数呈显著或极显著正相关,PCA和随机森林分析结果表明Fe-P、Al-P是土壤磷素有效性变化的主要驱动因子。【结论】湘南红壤丘陵区水田改为旱地后,第四纪红色黏土发育的红壤磷素有效性未发生显著变化,石灰岩和砂页岩发育的土壤磷素有效性由于铁磷和铝磷在全磷中比例的增加而显著提升。3种母质发育的水田改旱地后,其水溶性磷含量均低于环境磷阈值,引发磷淋失的风险较低。

赤泥基路用材料中主要金属的浸出行为及其路用固化效果

赤泥高碱高氟和多金属含量等污染特性会影响其资源化利用。针对赤泥路用存在潜在环境风险的主要金属,重点研究赤泥基路用材料制备过程对主要金属污染物的浸出环境行为与固化效果的影响。结果表明,不同赤泥基路用材料金属总量大小与浸出含量水平受铝土矿产地、氧化铝生产工艺以及制备过程添加的材料等的影响,赤泥基路用材料的制备过程对Al、As、V、Se、Mo有显著固化效果,使其浸出含量分别降低了10.97%~75.77%、97.84%~99.90%、98.16%~100.00%、90.62%~99.34%、61.60%~87.66%,但对Na、Fe、K、Ba、Cr的固化效果不明显反而会使其浸出含量增加,应注重材料制备过程的质量控制。在实际道路应用过程中长期风险评估应重点关注但不限于赤泥基路用材料中Na、总Cr、Cr^(6+)、V、Se、Mo的迁移转化等环境行为。

红光铂配合物在电致发光领域的研究进展

过渡金属配合物由于自身显著的自旋轨道耦合效应,可有效利用单线态激子和三线态激子发光,从而使理论内部发光量子效率达到100%,促进有机发光二极管在信息显示及固态照明等领域中的实际应用。其中,红光铂配合物对于高色纯度全彩平板显示以及白色照明的实现至关重要。综述了国内外红光铂配合物的分子设计、光发射特性及其在电致发光领域的研究进展,为进一步制备高效率、长寿命以及高色纯度的红色有机发光材料提供参考。

活化赤泥基胶凝材料的抗冻融性能研究

赤泥资源化利用对氧化铝行业可持续发展和环境保护具有重要意义。本文以赤泥和热活化赤泥为主要原料与钢渣等多种固废协同制备赤泥基胶凝材料,并对其抗冻融性能进行了研究。分别对养护14和28 d的胶凝材料试样进行冻融试验,用万能试验机、XRD、SEM、工业CT等检测方法对试样冻融前后的强度、物相、显微结构、孔隙率等进行表征,并对冻融损伤机理进行了探究。结果表明,赤泥基胶凝材料冻融前后的质量损失、强度损失、显微结构差异显著。其中,赤泥-普通硅酸盐水泥胶凝材料较其他赤泥基胶凝材料的抗冻性能优异,其养护14 d试件冻融前后的质量损失和强度损失分别为23.68%和50.75%;用热活化赤泥制备的赤泥-钢渣胶凝材料冻融后的质量损失率较冻融前降低了16.30%。

Ba_(3-x)B_(6)Si_(2)O_(16)∶xSm^(3+)发光材料的制备及其性能表征

采用高温固相法制备Ba_(3)B_(6)Si_(2)O_(16)∶Sm^(3+)系列发光材料的荧光粉样品,对其进行粉末X射线衍射、荧光光谱、固体紫外-可见漫反射等相关性能的研究与表征,探讨不同的Sm^(3+)离子浓度对Ba_(3-x)B_(6)Si_(2)O_(16)荧光粉发光性能的影响,并对其浓度猝灭机理进行讨论.实验表明,在405 nm近紫外光激发下,Ba_(3-x)B_(6)Si_(2)O_(16)∶xSm^(3+)系列发光材料能够同时发射出571 nm(黄光)和606 nm(橙光)荧光,分别对应于Sm^(3+)离子的4G_(5/2)→6H_(5/2)和4G_(5/2)→6H_(7/2)能级跃迁.当x=0.21时,Ba_(2.79)B_(6)Si_(2)O_(16)∶0.21Sm^(3+)荧光粉发光性能最强;继续增加掺杂Sm^(3+)离子的浓度,则出现浓度猝灭现象.其浓度猝灭机制可以通过相邻Sm^(3+)离子之间的相互作用来解释.所制备的Ba_(3)B_(6)Si_(2)O_(16)∶Sm^(3+)荧光粉可被近紫外光有效激发,在白光LED领域具有潜在的应用前景.

不同钝化材料对降低农田镉砷污染效果及安全性评估的研究

为探讨镉与砷复合污染农田适用的钝化材料,采用盆栽试验,比较研究了赤泥、赤泥+铁粉、玄武岩红泥+石灰石粉、石灰石粉+铁粉和石灰石粉+生物质炭+硫酸亚铁等5种钝化材料对降低水稻籽粒中镉和砷的效果。试验结果揭示了所有测试的钝化材料均能显著改变土壤中镉和砷的化学形态,并降低它们的生物有效性,从而有效减少了水稻籽粒中的镉和砷含量。特别是,以赤泥+铁粉、石灰石粉+铁粉和石灰石粉+生物质炭+硫酸亚铁等3种复合钝化材料的效果最为明显,能够使籽粒中的镉和砷分别降低58%~63%和56%~67%。在试验条件下,5种钝化材料均不会导致土壤质量的明显下降,施用含石灰石粉和生物质炭的钝化材料还有利于降低土壤酸度、增加土壤有机质和阳离子交换量。综合效果,研究表明赤泥+铁粉是一种治理镉砷复合污染农田土壤较为理想的钝化材料。

活化温度对赤泥基胶凝材料性能的影响

在大宗固废利用的背景下,通过对赤泥进行热活化方式提升其胶凝活性,用于制备赤泥基胶凝材料。通过无侧限抗压强度试验机、X射线衍射仪、傅立叶变换红外光谱仪对不同温度活化的赤泥及使用不同温度活化赤泥制备的赤泥基胶凝材料的强度、水化产物的类型进行测试和表征。研究结果表明,不同活化温度赤泥的矿相情况不同,在800℃处于活性最高的亚稳状态,900℃活性降低趋于稳定。使用800℃活化赤泥制备的胶凝材料3d和28d力学性能较未活化赤泥提升了64%和70%,28d抗压强度可达42MPa。分析胶凝材料水化产物的XRD和红外图谱发现,掺加800℃活化赤泥的胶凝材料水化产物的矿相和化学基团与掺加900℃活化赤泥的差别很大,不仅Fe_(2)O_(3)矿相减弱、CaAl_(2)Si_(2)O_(8)·4H_(2)O、Fe_(2)SiO_(4)和KMg_(3)(Si_(3)Al)O_(10)(OH)_(2)矿相增强、赤铁矿参与了水化反应,而且出现了地聚物类凝胶物质和发生最大程度的水化反应,生成致密的结石体,这些都说明800℃是活化赤泥的最佳温度,也是掺加了800℃活化赤泥后赤泥基胶凝材料力学性能最好的原因。