Redundant Transmission Control Algorithm for Information-Centric Vehicular IoT Networks

Vehicular Adhoc Networks(VANETs)enable vehicles to act as mobile nodes that can fetch,share,and disseminate information about vehicle safety,emergency events,warning messages,and passenger infotainment.However,the continuous dissemination of information fromvehicles and their one-hop neighbor nodes,Road Side Units(RSUs),and VANET infrastructures can lead to performance degradation of VANETs in the existing hostcentric IP-based network.Therefore,Information Centric Networks(ICN)are being explored as an alternative architecture for vehicular communication to achieve robust content distribution in highly mobile,dynamic,and errorprone domains.In ICN-based Vehicular-IoT networks,consumer mobility is implicitly supported,but producer mobility may result in redundant data transmission and caching inefficiency at intermediate vehicular nodes.This paper proposes an efficient redundant transmission control algorithm based on network coding to reduce data redundancy and accelerate the efficiency of information dissemination.The proposed protocol,called Network Cording Multiple Solutions Scheduling(NCMSS),is receiver-driven collaborative scheduling between requesters and information sources that uses a global parameter expectation deadline to effectively manage the transmission of encoded data packets and control the selection of information sources.Experimental results for the proposed NCMSS protocol is demonstrated to analyze the performance of ICN-vehicular-IoT networks in terms of caching,data retrieval delay,and end-to-end application throughput.The end-to-end throughput in proposed NCMSS is 22%higher(for 1024 byte data)than existing solutions whereas delay in NCMSS is reduced by 5%in comparison with existing solutions.

The effects of redundant control inputs in optimal control

For a stabilizable system, the extension of the control inputs has no use for stabilizability, but it is important for optimal control. In this paper, a necessary and sufficient condition is presented to strictly decrease the quadratic optimal performance index after control input extensions. A similar result is also provided for H2 optimal control problem. These results show an essential difference between single-input and multi-input control systems. Several examples are taken to illustrate related problems.

The Effects of Redundant Control Inputs in Finite-Time Optimal Control

This paper is concerned with the effects of redundant control inputs on the quadratic optimal performance index in finite-time optimal control.Actually,the effects of redundant control input on quadratic performance index is equal to study the effects of the redundant control input on the solution of Riccati differential equation(RDE).Hence,some sufficient conditions are presented to strictly decrease the solution of RDE with the column of input matrix increased.Especially,a necessary and sufficient condition is derived to strictly decrease the solution of the homogeneous RDE after control input extensions.Moreover,one sufficient condition is obtained,which guarantees that the minimum control energy index strictly decreases with input extension.It is shown that redundant control inputs can improve the system performance based on these results.Some examples are taken to illustrate the effectiveness of related problems.

NUMERICAL MODELING OF MULTI-CYLINDER ELECTRO-HYDRAULIC SYSTEM AND CONTROLLER DESIGN FOR SHOCK TEST MACHINE

A high fidelity dynamic model of a high-energy hydraulically-actuated shock test machine for heavy weight devices is presented to satisfy the newly-built shock resistance standard and simulate the actual underwater explosion environments in laboratory as well as increase the testing capability of shock test machine. In order to produce the required negative shock pulse in the given time duration, four hydraulic actuators are utilized. The model is then used to formulate an advanced feedforward controller for the system to produce the required negative waveform and to address the motion synchronization of the four cylinders. The model provides a safe and easily controllable way to perform a ＂virtual testing＂ before starting potentially destructive tests on specimen and to predict performance of the system. Simulation results have demonstrated the effectiveness of the controller.

Benefits of redundant channels in observer-based H∞ control for discrete-time switched linear systems

In this paper, the H∞ control problem is investigated for a class of discrete-time switched linear systems with modal persistent dwell-time(MPDT) switching. The redundant channels are considered to use in the data transmission to benefit the capability of overcoming the fragility of networks commonly configured by a single channel in the communication networks subject to random packet losses. In light of a new class of Lyapunov functions, the desired observer-based quasi-time-dependent controllers, which have less conservatism than the time-independent ones, are designed such that the resulting closed-loop system is exponentially mean-square stable with a guaranteed H_∞ disturbance attenuation performance. The MPDT can be minimized while ensuring the existence of such a class of observer-based controllers for a given period of persistence. An example of DC-DC boost converter is provided to verify the effectiveness of theoretical findings.

Reaction Torque Control of Redundant Free-floating Space Robot

This paper presents the reaction torque based satellite base reactionless control or base disturbance minimization of a redundant free-floating space robot. This subject is of vital importance in the study of the free-floating space robot because the base disturbance minimization will result in less energy consumption and prolonged control application. The analytical formulation of the reaction torque is derived in this article, and the reaction torque control can achieve reactionless control and satellite base disturbance minimization. Furthermore, we derive the reaction torque based control of the space robot for base disturbance minimization from both the non-strict task priority and strict task priority control strategy. The dynamics singularity in the proposed algorithm is avoided in this paper. Besides, a real time simulation system of the space robot under Linux/real time application interface（RTAI） is developed to verify and test the feasibility and reliability of the method. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of online reaction torque control of the redundant free-floating space robot.

Research on a six-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor system at dual-redundant and fault tolerant modes in aviation application

With the development of more/all electrical aircraft technology, an electro-mechanical actuator（EMA） is more and more used in an aircraft actuation system. The motor system, as the crucial part of an EMA, usually adopts the redundancy technology or fault tolerance technology to improve the reliability. To compare the performances of these two motor systems, a 10-pole/12-slot six-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor（PMSM） is designed with the concentrated single-layer winding, which is able to operate at dual-redundant and fault tolerant modes.Furthermore, the position servo performances of the six-phase PMSM at dual-redundant and fault tolerant modes are analyzed, including the normal and fault conditions. In addition, a variable structure proportional-integral-derivative（PID） control strategy is proposed to solve the performance degradation problem caused by phase current saturation. Simulation and experimental results show that the fault tolerant PMSM has a better position servo performance than the dual-redundant PMSM, and the variable structure PID control strategy is able to improve the performance due to phase current saturation.

A fault-tolerant triple-redundant voice coil motor for direct drive valves:Design, optimization, and experiment

A direct drive actuator （DDA） with direct drive valves （DDVs） as the control device is an ideal solution for a flight actuation system. This paper presents a novel triple-redundant voice coil motor （TRVCM） used for redundant DDVs. The TRVCM features electrical/mechanical hybrid triple-redundancy by securing three stators along with three moving coils in the same frame. A permanent magnet （PM） Halbach array is employed in each redundant VCM to simplify the system structure. A back-to-back design between neighborly redundancies is adopted to decouple the magnetic flux linkage. The particle swarm optimization （PSO） method is implemented to optimize design parameters based on the analytical magnetic circuit model. The optimization objective function is defined as the acceleration capacity of the motor to achieve high dynamic performance. The optimal geometric parameters are verified with 3D magnetic field finite element analysis （FEA）. A research prototype has been developed for experimental purpose. The experimental results of magnetic field density and force output show that the proposed TRVCM has great potential of applications in DDA systems.

Flow control characteristics of the digital and mechanical redundancy control electric modulation valve

The electrical modulation valve can provide proportional output valve element displacement,flow,or pressure according to a continuously changing input electrical signal.It is the core component of electro-hydraulic proportional control technology.To remove the influence of pressure difference changes on the output flow,the traditional scheme is to use a pressure compensation valve,which increases the difficulty of both manufacturing and maintaining the valve.To solve this problem,a method of digital and mechanical redundancy control flow is proposed.Pressure sensors are installed at the inlet and outlet of the valve,and the controller adjusts the displacement of the valve element according to the pressure difference between the valve ports to realize high-precision control of the flow.A pressure compensation valve is installed in front of the valve,and a three-way solenoid valve is used to control the working of the compensation valve.In the case of sensor failure,the valve is switched to the mechanical compensation differential pressure mode,to control the flow and to achieve redundancy control.The system security is thereby improved.The feasibility of this scheme is verified through simulation and tests.The results show that,both for digital compensation and mechanical compensation,the output flow can be kept constant when the pressure difference changes,and the system has good static and dynamic characteristics.The principle can be applied to the displacement-flow feedback type electrical modulation valve,and can realize accurate control of the flow of the pilot valve and,finally,accurate control of the flow in the main valve.