Analysis of Chinese Xiehouyu from a Perspective of Cognitive Reference-Point

Xiehouyu (a two-part allegorical saying) is unique and refined, and the cultural load is rich and heavy. The use of Xiehouyu in verbal communication and literary works reflects the speaker’s cognitive ability and language skills of operating and blending cognitive concepts dynamically. Langacker’s reference-point theory has a high explanatory power and is a basic cognitive mode of human beings. This paper attempts to make a cognitive analysis of the structure and understanding of Xiehouyu by using reference-point theory, aiming at explaining its cognitive mechanism and meaning construction.

Non-iterative image feature matching algorithm based on reference point correspondences

Based on the coded and non-coded targets, the targets are extracted from the images according to their size, shape and intensity etc., and thus an improved method to identify the unique identity（D） of every coded target is put forward and the non-coded and coded targets are classified. Moreover, the gray scale centroid algorithm is applied to obtain the subpixel location of both uncoded and coded targets. The initial matching of the uncoded target correspondences between an image pair is established according to similarity and compatibility, which are based on the ID correspondences of the coded targets. The outliers in the initial matching of the uncoded target are eliminated according to three rules to finally obtain the uncoded target correspondences. Practical examples show that the algorithm is rapid, robust and is of high precision and matching ratio.

Prospective study of high geodetic resolution to future VGOS reference point determination

The fast slewing rate and wide band of the VLBI2010 Global Observing System(VGOS) telescopes are beneficial to procure more observations and to obtain VLBI reference points(RPs) of high precisions.Meanwhile, with the development of synchronous tracking of fixed targets on telescopes during the observing, the RPs also can be determined in near real time based on a frame defined by other techniques. These opportunities provide us a possibility to explore the high geodetic resolution of VGOS telescopes. We design a thermal variation in RP as true values, and schedule a synchronous session of VGOS and target point(TP) series observing. Then VGOS delays and TP series are simulated and solved via piecewise functions. The results show that the accuracy of vertical component of the RP could be determined at an accuracy of 0.5 ± 0.3 mm in an hour using TP series, whereas the vertical components of RP solved by using VGOS delay measurements have a greater uncertainty due to the random error in the simulated atmosphere and bad radio source sky coverage in a shorter time interval. Some details in the data processing and accuracy evaluation are also introduced.

GRADIENT OF REFERENCE DIFFERENCE BASED MATCHING ALGORITHM FOR IMAGE FEATURE POINT

During matching on feature point, gray correlation matching technology is utilized to extract multi-peaks as a coarse matching set. A pair of given corresponding reference points within the left and right images is used to calculate gradients of reference difference between the reference points and each feature point within the multi-peaks set. The unique correspondence is determined by criterion of minimal gradients of reference difference. The obtained correspondence is taken as a new pair of reference points to update the reference points continuously until all feature points in the left (or right) image being matched with the right (or left) image. The gradients of reference difference can be calculated easily by means of pre-setting a pair of obvious feature points in the left and right images as a pair of corresponding reference points. Besides, the efficiency of matching can be improved greatly by taking the obtained matching point as a new pair of reference points, and by updating the reference point continuously. It is proved that the proposed algorithm is valid and reliable by 3D reconstruction on two pairs of actual natural images with abundant and weak texture, respectively.

Dynamic Multi-Attribute Decision-Making Method with Double Reference Points and Its Application

To better reflect the psychological behavior characteristics of loss aversion,this paper builds a double reference point decision making method for dynamic multi-attribute decision-making(DMADM)problem,taking bottom-line and target as reference pints.First,the gain/loss function is given,and the state is divided according to the relationship between the gain/loss value and the reference point.Second,the attitude function is constructed based on the results of state division to establish the utility function.Third,the comprehensive utility value is calculated as the basis for alternatives classification and ranking.Finally,the new method is used to evaluate the development level of smart cities.The results show that the new method can judge the degree to which the alternatives meet the requirements of the decision-maker.While the new method can effectively screen out the unsatisfactory alternatives,the ranking results of other alternatives are consistent with those of traditional methods.

A Method for Risky Multiple Attribute Decision Making with Four - dimensional Reference Point

A method based on cumulative prospect theory was proposed to solve risky multiple attribute decision making problems with Four -dimensional reference points. Considering the influence of different learning processes and corresponding features on decision-making, a new reference-learning behavior is added, and a risk-based multiple-attribute decision-making method based on four-dimensional reference point cumulative prospect theory is proposed. Firstly, according to the cumulative prospect theory, the prospect value and the decision function value of the four reference points of learning, time, evaluation value and expected value are calculated respectively, and the cumulative prospect value matrix of each program dynamic is formed. Secondly,according to the WAA operalor, Maximize the stage weighting model to obtain the integrated cumulative prospect value. Finally, on the basis of this, the alternatives are sorted according to the size of the total cumulative prospect value, and compared with other methods, the validity and scientific of the proposed method are proved.

RPS在车身精度设计上的应用

车身的尺寸、精度设计已经成为汽车制造技术的重要环节。阐述了当代车身精度设计的理念,采用并行工程,使精度质量体系贯穿设计、生产全过程。从RPS的组成人员、实施步骤和有关规则等方面,叙述了定位基准理论在车身精度设计上的应用,并以实例详细地介绍了在设计、生产中如何选取定位基准点和应用RPS。

RPS在仪表板总成设计中的应用

阐述了RPS的定义、制定步骤、基础理论以及其衍生出的相关规则。以奔腾B50车型的仪表板总成为例,介绍了RPS在仪表板本体、左下护板、杂物箱、中控面板4个零部件的设计中,以3-2-l规则为理论指导,通过合理布置RPS定位点固定零部件的方法;阐述了如何协调主定位点与辅助定位点之间的相互配合关系,保证零部件之间的间隙,并以此提高了仪表板总成的制造精良性。

结果评价中自我体验与替代体验的参照点效应:一项赌博游戏的ERPs研究

本研究采用"投注—反馈"的虚拟赌博游戏范式,通过2个实验分别检测个体在评价自己决策结果 (实验1)和观察他人决策结果 (实验2)过程中赌注大小(即参照点)对大脑活动的影响。结果发现:(1)体验自我决策结果时,输钱比赢钱诱发更负的FRN,仅有一个负反馈(-10元)表现出以赌注为界的分离,且相对效价一样的反馈值诱发的FRN差异不显著;(2)体验他人决策结果时,无论输赢,有赌注比无赌注诱发的FRN更负;而且相对效价相同的反馈值诱发的FRN差异不显著。据此可以认为,FRN一定程度上反映了以赌注为基准的主观标准对社会信息的评价判断:自我体验中的个体对损失的敏感度远高于收益;而替代体验中的个体更倾向于将"损失更多"看作一种负性结果。

低压环境下RP-3航空煤油自燃特性研究

开展了低压环境下RP-3航空煤油的自燃特性研究,测试了101 kPa、80 kPa、60 kPa、40 kPa、20 kPa五种压力环境下航空煤油自燃点及着火延迟时间数据。结果表明,随着环境压力降低,自燃点升高,并基于谢苗诺夫热自燃理论,建立了耦合压力参数的自燃点预测模型。分析了环境压力对着火延迟时间的影响机制,建立了不同环境压力下的着火延迟时间预测模型。分析了GB/T 5332—2007标准在低压环境下测试存在的问题,并提出了相关改进方法。

RPS在车身设计过程中的应用

车身的尺寸和精度设计已成为汽车制造技术的重要环节。文章从RPS的定义、相关术语和设计原则等方面,叙述了定位基准理论在车身精度设计上的应用,以及在设计过程中应注意的事项。通过实例介绍了在设计与生产中如何选取定位基准点和应用RPS。RPS技术的应用大大提高了我国汽车的设计水平,RPS定位点的精度控制,保证了汽车的精度。

RPS在车身制造过程中的应用

车身统一基准系统RPS（Reference Point System的缩写）是产品设计、模具、夹具、检具共同遵循、需协调统一、贯穿始终的基准系统及其公差要求，是决定产品固有质量的基准系统，早已被欧美及日韩汽车企业广泛应用。

Identification of Dominant Climate Variables on Spatiotemporal Variation in Reference Evapotranspiration on the Loess Plateau,China

Reference evapotranspiration(ET_(0))is a vital component in hydrometeorological research and is widely applied to various aspects,such as water resource management,hydrological modeling,irrigation deployment,and understanding and predicting the influence of hydrologic cycle variations on future climate and land use changes.Quantifying the influence of various meteorological variables on ET_(0) is not only helpful for predicting actual evapotranspiration but also has important implications for understanding the impact of global climate change on regional water resources.Based on daily data from 69 meteorological stations,the present study analyzed the spatiotemporal pattern of ET_(0) and major contributing meteorological variables to ET_(0) from 1960 to 2017 by the segmented re-gression model,Mann-Kendall test,wavelet analysis,generalized linear model,and detrending method.The results showed that the annual ET_(0) declined slightly because of the combined effects of the reduction in solar radiation and wind speed and the increase in vapor pressure deficit(VPD)and average air temperature in the Loess Plateau(LP)during the past 58 yr.Four change points were detected in 1972,1990,1999,and 2010,and the annual ET_(0) showed a zigzag change trend of‘increasing-decreasing-increasing-decreasing-increasing’.Wind speed and VPD played a leading role in the ET_(0) changes from 1960 to 1990 and from 1991 to 2017,respectively.This study confirms that the dominant meteorological factors affecting ET_(0) had undergone significant changes due to global climate change and vegetation greening in the past 58 years,and VPD had become the major factor controlling the ET_(0) changes on the LP.The data presented herein will contribute to increasing the accuracy of predictions on future changes in ET_(0).

基于重力分析对车门外板RPS点位优化的应用

以某车型的车门外板为例,通过分析车门外板和包边总成的RPS点的特点,阐述了车门外板的RPS点位置依据重力分析结果进行优化的过程,发现优化后的RPS点对尺寸精度和稳定性的提高起着重要作用,可减少由重力引起的零件缺陷,有效地降低回弹补偿的难度,缩短模具制造周期。

公共价值视域下PPP项目回报机制决策研究:基于PSO-TRP模型

回报机制是PPP项目的核心属性,政府作为PPP项目中公共服务合作生产的关键决策主体,其回报机制的决策逻辑关系到PPP项目公共性与经济效率的平衡,这也是直接影响PPP项目成败的关键问题。首先,综合考虑PPP项目公共性、参照点效应和边际效用递减规律,提出研究假设。其次,引入三参照点理论构建PPP项目回报机制决策模型并分析其约束条件。最后,利用粒子群算法对政府在预算约束和底线逻辑情境中如何选择回报机制获取最大效用的决策问题进行案例模拟、情景仿真与方案甄选。研究发现:1)PPP项目中政府感知价值随着目标的升高而先升高后降低,呈倒“U”型分布,感知价值和努力水平随底线升高而升高,最优位置即为公共价值达到最大化。2)当政府底线一定、目标较高时,政府完全或部分将公共资源让渡给社会资本主体,选择使用者付费或可行性缺口补助模式。3)当政府心理权重值发生改变时,成功权重越大,在最优目标范围内主体会加大自身的投入程度,选择基于公共价值的冒险行为;当失败权重越大,决策主体会减少自身的投入程度,选择基于公共价值的保底行为。研究立足于公共价值视域并引入三参照点理论,构建了基于粒子群算法的PPP项目回报机制决策模型,为PPP项目政府决策研究提供了新思路,同时也为维持PPP项目公共性和实现公共价值提供了参考。

A Local Reference Frame Construction Method Based on the Signed Surface Variation

A fast local reference frame(LRF)construction method based on the signed surface variation is proposed,which can adapt to the real-time applications such as self-driving,face recognition,object detection.The z-axis of the LRF is generated based on the concavity of the local surface of keypoint.The x-axis is constructed by the weighted vector sum of a set of projection vectors of the local neighborhoods around keypoint.The performance of the proposed LRF is evaluated on six standard datasets and compared with six state-of-the-art LRF construction methods(e.g.,BOARD,FLARE,SHOT,RoPS and TOLDI).Experimental results validate the high repeatability,robustness,universality and time efficiency of our method.

反馈相关ERP成分的参照点效应

采用投注-反馈金钱赌博任务具体操作了在结果评价中被试可能采用的参照点,试图进一步探究大脑监控系统是如何对事件的好、坏以及好坏程度进行评定的。实验结果表明,不管是Feedback-related negativity(FRN)还是P300,和赌注相差较小的中间三种反馈诱发的波幅差异不显著,和赌注相差较大的两边两种反馈诱发的波幅和中间三种反馈差异显著。该结果说明,反馈相关ERP成分不是反映了对绝对信息的加工,而是反映了以赌注所在的区间为参照点的相对信息的加工。研究进一步从不同侧面表明FRN所代表的效价评价的参照点效应,同时首次从神经机制上揭示了P300所代表的数量加工的参照点效应。

基于对数分布参考点LDRP的分解多目标进化MOEA/D算法实现模拟电路故障参数估计

模拟电路随工作时长的增加,其健康状态也在不断下降。及时对早期故障状态的元件进行参数估计,可以准确地评估设备健康状态,为故障预测提供参考。基于被测电路的传递函数和实测的故障响应,可反推出可能的故障参数。由于容差的影响,有很多参数组合可以产生相同的故障响应。本文通过数学分析,将故障参数估计问题转化为多目标优化问题,并针对优化目标量级相差巨大、难以合理生成权重向量进行环境选择等问题,提出基于对数分布参考点来指导种群进化,并提出了一种基于对数分布参考点的分解多目标进化算法,该.法能够准确且稳定地找到故障参数估计问题的最优解,通过仿真跳藕滤波电路,验证了随容差的增.,参数范围越来越宽,且所有标准偏差最大仅18.616Ω,在时间效率上,具有3种不同容差的12个故障实例的运行时间没有显著差异,平均运行时间为0.7 s,和实际电路实验证明了该算法的正确性和鲁棒性,并通过对比该方向前沿研究的其他多种算法,验证了本文的方法在精度上优于双目标进化算法2~3个数量级,对比Tadeusiewicz提出的方法具有更宽的故障区间等,验证了本文的方法具备更高的准确性和有效性,体现了本文方法的优越可靠。

基于Question Point的合作虚拟咨询服务

介绍了Question Point合作虚拟咨询服务产生的背景、功能、系统工作流程以及我国开展合作虚拟参考咨询的情况。

基于Anycast RP的组播源发现协议在单一PIM域中的研究与实现

分析当前大型单一PIM-SM(协议无关组播路由稀疏模式Protocol Independence Multicast Sparse Mode)域组播网络传输机制中存在的缺陷:多个接收者同时访问组播网络中某个组播组时,导致该组播组汇聚点RP(Rendezvous Point)的负载加重,影响整个组播网络的性能。一种新的任意播RP技术,将PIM-SM域间的组播源发现协议MSDP(Multicast Source Discovery Protocol)引入到大型单一PIM域组播网络中,解决网络中RP负载不均衡问题,同时又实现网络中RP"就近原则",减少转发时延。同时,实现RP间的冗余备份,提高网络性能。实际组网测试证明,单一PIM-SM域组播网络中利用任意播RP技术,缩短传输时延2～3倍,RP路由器CPU占用率降低10%。