Establishment and application of national reference panels for SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection kit

To develop a national reference panel for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)antigen detection kit and establish a quality standard.The cultures of SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogens were collected to establish a national reference panel for SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection.The stability and homogeneity of the reference panel were evaluated.Based on World Health Organization(WHO)guidance and nucleic acid quantitative results,a quality standard reference panel was established.Currently,three generations of SARS-CoV-2 antigen national reference materials with batch numbers 370095–202001,370095–202202,and 370095–202203 have been successfully established.These national reference panels comprised 8 positive samples,20 negative samples,1 repetitive sample,and 1 lower detection limit sample.The stability and homogeneity of the reference panel meet the requirements.The quality standards are as follows:the positive and negative coincidence rates are 8/8 and 20/20,respectively.The 10 test results of the medium and low-concentration repetitive reference materials should be positive,and the color rendering should be uniform(or the coefficient of variance should not be higher than 20.0%).The lower detection limit should be at least 5×105 U/mL(equivalent to copies/mL),and higher concentrations above the lower detection limit must be positive.A national reference panel for the SARS-CoV-2 antigen detection kit has been established.As the standard of SARS-CoV-2 antigen reagents,the reference panel has played a crucial role in the pre-marketing quality evaluation and post-marketing quality supervision in China.

Deciphering the population structure and genetic basis of growth traits from whole-genome resequencing of the leopard coral grouper(Plectropomus leopardus)

The leopard coral grouper(Plectropomus leopardus)is a species of significant economic importance.Although artificial cultivation of P.leopardus has thrived in recent decades,the advancement of selective breeding has been hindered by the lack of comprehensive population genomic data.In this study,we identified over 8.73 million single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)through whole-genome resequencing of 326 individuals spanning six distinct groups.Furthermore,we categorized 226 individuals with high-coverage sequencing depth(≥14×)into eight clusters based on their genetic profiles and phylogenetic relationships.Notably,four of these clusters exhibited pronounced genetic differentiation compared with the other populations.To identify potentially advantageous loci for P.leopardus,we examined genomic regions exhibiting selective sweeps by analyzing the nucleotide diversity(θπ)and fixation index(FST)in these four clusters.Using these high-coverage resequencing data,we successfully constructed the first haplotype reference panel specific to P.leopardus.This achievement holds promise for enabling high-quality,cost-effectiveimputationmethods.Additionally,we combined low-coverage sequencing data with imputation techniques for a genome-wide association study,aiming to identify candidate SNP loci and genes associated with growth traits.A significant concentration of these genes was observed on chromosome 17,which is primarily involved in skeletal muscle and embryonic development and cell proliferation.Notably,our detailed investigation of growth-related SNPs across the eight clusters revealed that cluster 5 harbored the most promising candidate SNPs,showing potential for genetic selective breeding efforts.These findings provide a robust toolkit and valuable insights into the management of germplasm resources and genome-driven breeding initiatives targeting P.leopardus.

SPECTRAL REFLECTANCE MEASUREMENTS AT THE CHINA RADIOMETRIC CALIBRATION TEST SITE FOR THE REMOTE SENSING SATELLITE SENSOR

A comprehensive field experiment was made with the support of the project of China Radiometric Calibration Site (CRCS) during June-July 1999.Ground reflectance spectra were measured at Dunhuang Calibration Test Site in the experiment.More than two thousands of spectral curves were acquired in a 20km×20km area.The spectral coverage is from 350 nm to 2500 nm.The measurement values show that reflectance is between 10% and 33% at the VIS- SWIR spectral region.The standard deviation of reflectance is between 1.0% and 2.0% for the spectral range.Optical characteristics and ground reflectance measurements at the Dunhuang test site,result analysis and error source were described.In addition,a comparison of the reflectance obtained in 1999 with those measured in 1994 and 1996 was also made.