Investigation of Village Greening in the New Countryside Construction of Xinyu City, Jiangxi Province

On the basis of field investigation in 13 typical villages in Xinyu City, Jiangxi Province, and questionnaire survey over 45 local residents, this paper analyzed rural production and living environment, greening conditions, and villagers' consciousness about greening in the local area, and proposed 5 major principles for village greening: government plays the leading role, rural households are subjects; adopt unifi ed planning and coordinated development; choose suitable species for suitable land according to actual conditions; put ecology on the top priority, balance economic and ecological development; facilitate operation and management. In addition, the paper highlighted 5 characters in village greening, namely, cultural, ecological, practical, concise, and lifeconcerned.

Problems of Spaces in Urban Villages and Optimization Strategies Based on the Concept of Healthy City:A Case Study of Luotuo Lane in Lanzhou City,Gansu Province

Urban villages are closely related to residents’health as the built-up areas for their living activities.Taking Luotuo Lane in Qilihe District,Lanzhou City,Gansu Province for example,this paper based on the concept of healthy city analyzed the study area mainly from the perspectives of fundamental research,influence factors,status quo investigation,and problem analysis,so as to put forward the optimization strategies.

Research on Budding "Villages in Cities" during Urbanization Process in Lanzhou City of China——A Case Study of Chaijiahe Village,China

By introducing the theory of suburb urbanization,it was considered that budding villages in cities emerged with the close relation between city and suburb during rapid urbanization process.The paper had briefly analyzed development of villages in cities in China.By taking villages in Lanzhou City for example,it had studied geological location,appearance,spatial structure,economy and demographic feature of budding villages in cities.Furthermore,with Chaijiahe Village of Xiguoyuan Town as case study,empirical study had been conducted and development thought of Chaijiahe Village as budding village in city had been discussed.It emphasized that it should control the development scale of villages,economically and intensively utilize lands;develop industrialized high-efficiency agriculture and leisure agriculture,develop lily economy and explore the potential of characteristic industries;realize integration of urban and rural development;strive to develop education,improve villages' quality and cultivate villagers of new generation who possessed pioneering spirit and modern agriculture technology.On this basis,it summarized approaches to realize sustainable development of budding villages in cities.

Evaluation of Urban Village Renovation System in Xi’an City of China Based on Brittleness Analysis

Renovation system of urban villages in Xi'an City was evaluated. Influence factors of urban village renovation were analyzed on the basis of brittleness theory, and an evaluation index system established through multi-level inconsistency decomposing. By incorporating the catastrophe theory with fuzzy mathematical theory, the mathematic model was created, and catastrophe membership function was obtained as well as evaluation results. Policies for the renovation of urban villages and new direction of the renovation were interpreted. The application case proved that catastrophe progression method was objective and effective and it could provide new concepts for the evaluation and adjustment of urban village renovation. Moreover, application of brittleness theory in the research on urban village renovation is of great instruction and reference value for the present urban construction.

Hollow Villages and Rural Restructuring in Major Rural Regions of China: A Case Study of Yucheng City, Shandong Province

The agricultural land resources of China are relatively limited because of its large population.Therefore,balancing the land use for industrialization,urbanization,and food security is a big challenge.In recent years,rural hollowing in China has resulted in numerous of abandoned rural houses,and the areas with abandoned houses need to be restored into agricultural land with effective land consolidation techniques.This study used the method of benefit-cost analysis and the data collected through field surveys conducted in Yucheng City in the northwest of Shandong Province in March 2009,to examine how hollow villages (HVs) to be created and how to solve the problem.The qualitative and quantitative analyses indicate following results.1) The situation of HVs is becoming increasingly severe under rapid industrialization and urbanization in Yucheng City.2) Poor infrastructure in rural areas and incomplete urbanization are the main factors that have led to the rural hollowing in many major rural regions of China.3) In order to resolve the problem caused by HVs and increase agricultural land,reconstructing rural communities in the countryside is necessary.4) A new mechanism in the provision of compensation funds by developed regions to the villages in less-developed regions must be established.

Analysis of Types and Changes of Village-level Economy in Rural Gongyi City, Henan Province Since 1990

Based on the research on the rural living standard in China in terms of annual net income per capita, we de-fine six types of village-level economy, i.e. "to be extremely poor", "to make a basic living", "to dress warmly and eat one's fill", "to try to enrich (to disengage poverty)", "to be well-off" and "to be affluent". The data of average annual net income of all the 292 villages between 1990 and 2004 in rural Gongyi City, Henan Province were collected, veri-fied and classified. By using standard deviation, coefficient of variation and regression analysis, it is found that the Gongyi's rural economy has boosted up remarkably from the relative-poverty and absolute-poverty stages in 1990 to the well-off in 2004. However, the absolute differences between villages present a trend of enlargement, while the rela-tive differences fluctuating. On the other hand, spatial analysis of village-level economy shows that most villages with relatively high economic development level were located along national expressway and most villages with abso-lute-poverty lay in remote mountainous areas in 1990. Since the 1990s, the rapid urbanization and industrialization have had strongly positive effects on rural economic growth. Initial economic foundation, natural resources and tradi-tional techniques also contribute to village economy. From the perspective of geography, villages with location advan-tages, such as near urban center or industrial parks, have more chances for their economic development and the "core-periphery" economic structure has been presented in the process of rural development.

The Community Renewal of Shantytown Transformation in Old Industrial Cities:Evidence from Tiexi Worker Village in Shenyang,China

There are many problems,such as poverty,unemployment,poor infrastructure and how to improve the ecological environment,in the shantytowns of old industrial cities.Shantytowns are the most centralized areas with different contradictions,referred to as the‘problem areas’of urban sustainable development.The shantytown transformation of old industrial cities is a typical process of unit community disintegration,which is reflected not only in the reconstruction of physical space but also in the community renewal of social spatial integration and culture reconstruction.Based on qualitative research,questionnaires and in-depth interviews,taking Tiexi Worker Village in Shenyang as a research case,this paper attempts to analyse the characteristics and driving forces of the community renewal of shantytown transformation in old industrial cities.We found that the physical space of Tiexi Worker Village has changed considerably,which is embodied in its land use structure,living environment and community service facilities,reflecting the development of community function from simple industrial function to comprehensive functions.The residents in this community have experienced a transformation from a period of homogeneity to one of heterogeneity.The social network of the community has been destroyed.Social stratification,social differentiation and higher fluidity have occurred.Community renewal is mainly affected by macro factors such as policy regulation,economic driving,condition constraints,and micro factors such as residents’choice of living space and willingness to renew their communities.The transformation policy of the old industrial zone and the development policy of the new urban area are the fundamental and deep-seated reasons for the renewal of Tiexi Worker Village,which determine the direction of the renewal and development of the community.The paid use of land and the development of the real estate industry are the direct stimulating factors for the renewal of Tiexi Worker Village,which become the direct reasons for the spatial transformation.The changes in the population in urban and rural areas and the promotion of traffic are the driving factors for the renewal of the community,while the choice of residents and their willingness regarding community renewal are the endogenous forces for promoting community renewal.Finally,the author attempts to put forward a model of the interlaced mechanism of the forming of community renewal at the macroscopic and microcosmic levels,which are the urban renewal and reconstruction and social space differentiation of community residents,respectively.

Circular Economy in New Village Construction——A Case of Qinhuangdao City, China

On the strength of the theory of agricultural circular economy, the mutual relation between the development of agricultural circular economy and new village construction is analyzed. The results show that developing agricultural circular economy and constructing new village is the mutual promotion; realizing agricultural circular economy is the main target of new agricultural construction and developing agricultural circular economy is the way of realizing new village construction. The major problems in the development of agricultural circular economy in Qinhuangdao City are pointed out, covering weak ideological foundation of developing agricultural circular economy; inadequate directions from the government and insufficient technical and financial support. The countermeasures on developing agricultural circular economy in new village construction are put forward, including cultivating people's awareness on circular economy; establishing the law and regulation system of agricultural circular economy; intensifying the technical and model innovation of agricultural circular economy and accelerating the maketization pace of agro-products.

Analysis of the Changes in Rural Chinese Family Structure since Reform and Opening Up

This article uses data from censuses since 1982 to reveal changes in the family structure of rural China since the launch of reform and opening up and against the backdrop of institutional relocation,social transformation and an aging population.Since the advent of reform and opening up,rural family structure and its changes can be divided into two phases.Before the 1990 s,the household contract responsibility system was implemented,labor in rural villages was still mainly engaged in farming,and the number of nuclear families remained stable with a steady rise.After the 1990 s,as reform progress deepened,substantial numbers of young and middle-aged laborers in rural villages began to relocate into non-farming sectors and aging in rural villages rose.As those born in the early days of the family planning policy gradually matured,family structure was directly affected and changed in new ways and forms not seen before.Vocational divisions of labor among the parents of young families and married offspring emerged and the significance of cooperation for family economy and daily life between parents and offspring rose in importance.Also,the prevalence of immediate families with three generations climbed while the standard nuclear families declined,the ratio of middle-aged couples with young children that worked outside the home increased,the function of middle-aged and senior parents in the upbringing of infants and children enhanced,and the commonness of incomplete family types such as only grandparents with grandchildren increased.During this phase,the number of seniors living alone surged to the point of becoming a matter worthy of attention.

Implementation and Development of Village Merging in Zhucheng City

This article introduces the status quo of implementation of village merging in Zhucheng City of Shandong Province.Owing to thoroughness and originality,the village merging of Zhucheng City has created " Zhucheng Model" and disseminated " Zhucheng experience".By comparing part of annual values concerning the process of rural communitization in Zhucheng City,we use SWOT analysis method to objectively obtain strength,weakness,opportunity and risk of village merging in Zhucheng City,and offer corresponding SO,WO,ST,WT countermeasures.Finally,some proposals are put forward for future work of village merging in Zhucheng City as follows:grasp opportunity to undergird merger achievement;improve the drawback to beef up merger achievement;monitor risk to maintain merger achievement;eliminate hidden trouble to safeguard merger achievement.

Comprehensive Reform and Construction of Small Towns:A Case Study of Ningde City

Taking Ningde City as an example,this paper analyzed current situations of construction and comprehensive reform of small towns.It further discussed existing problems and causes in the construction and comprehensive reform of small towns.Finally,it came up with pertinent recommendations,in the hope of providing some valuable references for construction and comprehensive reform of small towns in Ningde City.

Knowledge &Utilization of Long Lasting Impregnated Nets among Housewives in Al Moneera City and Al Koozi Villages, Hodieda Governorate, Republic of Yemen 2007

Malaria is considered as one of the main health problem in the Republic of Yemen. In February 2006 National Malaria Control Program started freely distribution of Long Lasting Impregnated Nets (LLINs) for vulnerable groups to malaria infection (pregnant women and children under 5 years). After one year of distribution, there is a need to measure the use rate among vulnerable groups and explore factors affecting their use. The aim of the study was to investigate the use rate of long lasting impregnated nets among children under five years and pregnant women in Al Moneera city and Al Koozi villages of Hodieda governorate. Methodology: Cross section study with multistage sample, Random selection of one urban and one rural locality. 768 housewives were interviewed, proportionally allocated sample according to the number of vulnerable groups in each locality. Systematic random sample to select households. Results: The use rate of LLINs for vulnerable groups was 74.3% CI (71.2 - 77.4). There was no statistically significant association between the use of LLINs and residence, also with ages of housewives, occupation, type of house, but there is strong statistically significant association between use of LLINs and having correct information about how to use and to take care of them P value < 0.001, also with educational status of housewives;P value 0.03 and educational status of fathers;P value 0.01. (84%) have correct information about how to use and take care of LLINs and the main source of information was health workers who distributed them. Only 13.4% realized pregnant women as a vulnerable group to malaria infection while about 77.9% realized children as a vulnerable group to malaria infection. The main reason of LLINs use (84.8%) was protection from nuisance of insects. Conclusion and recommendations: There is shortage in the information about the protective effect of LLINs from malaria infection and the main reason of using them is protection from nuisance of insects. There is a need to increase health awareness about the role of LLINs in malaria prevention.

Fringe View: Problems and Construction of Human Settlement Environment for "Village-in-City"

The construction of human settlement environment is one of the important contents in the domain of sustainable development. We try to annotate human settlement environment for "village- in-city" from the angle of fringe view. According to the macro-system thought of human settlement environment science, the evolvement, which can be generalized into four phases, connotation and problems (including social, economic, and environmental problems) of "village-in-city" are discussed primarily in this paper. Some domestic and international researches and practices are also summarized and assessed in the paper. Based on the analysis, some appropriate clues and suggestions for the construction of "village-in-city" have been put forward.

Survey on Farming Culture of Ancient Villages and Tourism Development: A Case Study of Hongjiang City in Hunan Province

The origin of human civilization is based on agriculture and settlement,and the ancient villages preserved up to now can be rated as " museum and historical library of rural lifestyle and rural culture",which are of important historical and cultural value. Through the field survey of farming culture resources of ancient villages in Hongjiang City of Hunan Province,this article classifies and evaluates the farming culture and ancient village resources,and sets forth the following recommendations for the development of ancient village tourism: strengthening the product differentiation development; focusing on the cultivation and integration of resources; enhancing the village environmental remediation.

The Development of the Deprived Urban and Rural Areas, Ingrained with the Tourist Attractions (with an Emphasis on the Silk Road)

Around the year 140 BC the Evo, the famous imperial Han Dynasty took power in China and then sent some representatives to the western land in order to communicate with the West in addition to know the political, military, geographical, economic and cultural situations of that region, it provides the basis for opening the way to the West. In this regard, they traveled to Iran and accordingly the formal relations were established between the Iranian and the Western governments and finally the Silk Road with a distance of about 8000 km has been emerged and started from the East and ended to Mediterranean Sea in the West. The aim of this study is to show that the Silk Road links throughout the world and its people together in thousands of years and the countries, cities and villages located in this road have been affected by developments or had affected and vivifying of it will lead to develop of the deprived urban and rural areas according to the abundant tourist attractions. This study which has used the historical and analytical method with practical purpose shows that cultural, scientific, religious and commercial exchanges between East and West were wide and many cities and villages were profiting of this gift. In this regard, vivifying of this road will lead to grow the underserved urban and rural areas according to many tourist attractions of the cities and villages.

Exploration on the Crowdfunding Mode of Rural Memory Project

In the past decades of industrialization and urbanization,a plenty of Chinese villages have passed out of existence.The amount of the existing ancient villages in China only accounts for 1.9% of the amount of Chinese administrative villages.Chinese traditional villages include tangible cultural heritage like traditional residential architecture and cultural relics,as well as intangible cultural heritage like folk customs and handcraft,which are of extremely important values and demand proper conservation immediately."Rural Memory Project" is not only a carrier project of "memorizing nostalgia" and "retaining passion for home",but also the original protection project of tangible cultural heritage like rural historic streets and traditional resident courtyard,as well as intangible cultural heritage like production and living customs.At present,"Rural Memory" Project launched by Shandong province was primarily funded by the government sectors whose investment was far from sufficient for the great appetite of the project,thus massive social capital has to be absorbed to ensure a sustainable implementation of the project.Featured with low threshold,strong inclusivity and stable mass basis,crowdfunding which could adapt to the characteristics of the current "Rural Memory" Project is regarded as a feasible fund-raising channel.In the exploration of crowdfunding mode,the authorities could focus on establishing a specialized crowdfunding platform for Rural Memory Project,select proper crowdfunding mode according to the characteristics of the project,adhere to the macro orientation and policy of the government,and commit themselves to dissolving the institutional constraints in crowdfunding.

Community Renewal Strategy for Improving Community Resilience:A Case Study of River Ring Area of Caoyang New Village in Shanghai

In a new round of urban renewal,China’s urban space expansion is shifting from incremental development to inventory mining.Residents’ demands for improvement of community material environment and community cultural identity are increasing.Meantime,affected by the COVID-19 pandemic in 2019,community resilience has become an urgent problem to be solved in urban communities.Based on resilience theory,TOD theory and other planning concepts,the paper analyzes the vulnerability of Shanghai Caoyang river ring area,and puts forward a multi-level community resilience improvement strategy,including increasing diversified public service facilities,building public pedestrian network,and reshaping public open space to improve the stability,adaptability and resilience of the community,in order to build the development path of resilient communities.The study will provide inspiration for future micro-renewal of communities and promote the sustainable development of urban communities.

Resource-based City Type and Reforming Strategy Discussion and Research

The resource-based city can divides according to the Israeli resource type and development phase two big standards. The resource-based city economic transformation strategy first should from the macroscopic level, seek for the regional economic development the new superiority, next should act according to the new regional development favorable condition that establishes the pattern of industrial transformation from the microscopic level.

Investigation of China＇s Village Banks＇ Sustainable Development

In order to address the plight of rural financing, the 2007 China Banking Regulatory Commission, China＇s State Council started rural banks in provinces, towns and villages. There are so many problems faced by rural banks. The most pressing issue is the sustainability of targeting deviate due to restraints, shortage of funds, and loan risks. In order to effectively address these issues, this paper presents some solutions

Research on the Supply-Side Reform Promotes Economic Growth Model in Xi’an

Xi’an is situated at west China, the industrial structure the restriction function which grows to the economy is not balanced more obvious, uni？ es the Xi’an actual situation, speeds up the supplies side constitutive property reform, the promotion industrial structure optimized promotion appears especially importantly. Firstly, this paper analyzes the present situation and development trend of supply-side reform at home and abroad. Based on the situation of Xi’an, the author analyzes ？ ve production-side reforms, such as “de-production,” “de-stocking,” “deleveraging”, “cost reduction” The author puts forward the main problems of Xi’an’s supply-side reform to promote economic growth. Finally, it puts forward the path choice of supply-side reform to promote economic growth in Xi’an. Adhere to reform and expand and demand side, supply side in xian accurate docking, supply and demand in xi ‘an supply side reform should constantly improve production quality, give full play to the market on the supply side of the reform main body role and foster the subject of the new.