Fuzzy integral based measurement and assessment of medium and small enterprises'product innovation

A fuzzy integral based way of measurement assessment has been established by using linguistic varia-bles and combining fuzzy integral with hierarchy analysis for measurement of medium and small enterprises'product innovation. The conclusions drawn from analyses made with 20 medium and small enterprises providebases for governments to formulate applicable policies and for medium and small enterprises to enhance theirproduct innovation.

STUDY ON MEASURE OF TECHNICAL INNOVATION ABILITY IN MEDIUM AND SMALL MANUFACTURING ENTERPRISES

Measure index system of technical innovation in medium and smallmanufacturing enterprises is established according to principles of exploration, adaptability,standardization, generalization, feasibility, comparability and combination of economic benefit andcontinual development. It includes index of technical innovation capacity, informationaladministration on technical innovation, and investment of technical innovation, economic benefit,green technical level, social contribution and other influential indexes. Approach to measure oftechnical innovation in medium and small manufacturing enterprises is presented based on combinationof grey relation and fuzzy hiberarchy analysis, and conclusions are drawn based on practicalanalysis of 20 medium and small enterprises, which provides the basis for the medium and smallenterprises to select technical innovation policies and the government to constitute relativepolicies.

Study on Construction and Countermeasures of Technological Innovation Environment within Medium and Small-sized Enterprises in Hubei Province

Based on the application of the latest technological innovation theory and the successful experience generated by the domestic and overseas medium and small-sized enterprises, this thesis proposes a theoretical framework, strategic proposition and some secure measures for the regional technological innovation to promote the technological innovation within medium and small-sized enterprises in Hubei Province. In addition, the author also provides some tactics concerning the original motivation, technological market, innovation talents and innovation system, which aim at offering some consultation for the government decision, optimize industrial structure, implement the innovation strategy and propel to the medium and small-sized enterprises＇ development.

Digital Transformation of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises Production Manufacturing

Industry 4.0 concepts have brought about a wind of renewal in the organization of companies and their production methods. However, this integration is subject to obstacles when it comes to Small and Medium sized Enterprises—SMEs: the costs of new technologies to be acquired, the level of maturity of the company regarding its level of digitization and automation, human aspects such as training employees to master new technologies, reluctance to change, etc. This article provides a new framework and presents an intelligent support system to facilitate the digital transformation of SMEs. The digitalization is realized through physical, informational, and decisional points of view. To achieve the complete transformation of the company, the framework combines the triptych of performance criteria (cost, quality, time) with the notions of sustainability (with respect to social, societal, and environmental aspects) and digitization through tools to be integrated into the company’s processes. The new framework encompasses the formalisms developed in the literature on Industry 4.0 concepts, information systems and organizational methods as well as a global structure to support and assist operators in managing their operations. In the form of a web application, it will exploit reliable data obtained through information systems such as Enterprise Resources Planning—ERP, Manufacturing Execution System—MES, or Warehouse Management System—WMS and new technologies such as artificial intelligence (deep learning, multi-agent systems, expert systems), big data, Internet of things (IoT) that communicate with each other to assist operators during production processes. To illustrate and validate the concepts and developed tools, use cases of an electronic manufacturing SME have been solved with these concepts and tools, in order to succeed in this company’s digital transformation. Thus, a reference model of the electronics manufacturing companies is being developed for facilitating the future digital transformation of these domain companies. The realization of these use cases and the new reference model are growing up and their future exploitation will be presented as soon as possible.

Small and Medium Enterprises （SMEs） and Competitiveness： An Empirical Study

Globalisation and competitiveness affected the way of enterprises undertake innovation, particularly in the case of Small and Medium Enterprises （SMEs）. According with European Commission （2013） in Europe 99% of the enterprises is SMEs. SMEs all over the world are considered as the lifeblood of the economies. The importance of this research is justified by the predominance of SMEs that represents the majority of enterprises in Portugal. SMEs contribute to the creation of jobs, as well as to the competitiveness of the economies, specially, in crisis time. This study has two main objectives; firstly propose a literature review focused on competitiveness of SMEs. Secondly analysis a sample of 23 enterprises identified as leaders of Portuguese SMEs in 2012. The data considering a ranking list of the largest 1,000 Portuguese SMEs in 2012, published by Exame （2013）. This analysis considers some SMEs features such as, sales, market share, dimension, and sector. Additionally this research presents a SME case included in this database. Through the application of a questionnaire the study provides a complementary micro perspective of the factors that influences enterprises competitiveness. The questionnaire is divided into three parts： Part one refers to the characterization of the enterprise; Part two assesses the entrepreneurial competitiveness, considering nine questions to assess performance, six questions to assess internal processes and four questions to understand the relations with customers; and part three analyses the diffusion of innovation through three questions. Finally the study provides important clues relevant for the development of public policies that can support the innovation and competitiveness of SMEs. Moreover the discussions highlight some variables approached in literature review considered as pertinent in the case of innovative SME due to their contribution to exports and to economic growth.

Research on Technology Opportunity Identification of Small and Medium-sized Vaccine Enterprises Based on Patent Analysis

Objective To propose a method for identifying cooperation partners and technology opportunities based on technological similarity and technological capability analysis at the critical moment for the survival of small and medium-sized vaccine companies.This method can provide a direction for small and medium-sized enterprises that lack human and financial resources to make full use of its existing technologies.Methods Data analysis was carried out based on patent data.First,through cosine similarity and patent index evaluation,companies with high technological similarity and strong technological capabilities were selected as the target of cooperation.Then evaluation index system of technological development potential was built from three dimensions:technological competitiveness,technological creativity,and potential for industrialization.AHP-CRITIC method was used to determine the comprehensive development potential of each technology.Finally,technology opportunities based on K-means and text mining were identified.Results and Conclusion This method can help small and medium vaccine companies in China to identify technological opportunities and provide directions for product development.

The influence of CEO’s financial literacy on SMEs technological innovation:the mediating effects of MCS and risk‑taking

Previous literature showed mixed results about the impact of CEOs’financial literacy(CFL)on small and medium-sized enterprises’(SMEs)innovation.This relationship can be motivated by relevant variables,which are missing in the previous literature and make a difference as mediators.In this sense,based on the theoretical framework related to upper echelon theory and resource-based view,this study focuses on the mediating effect of risk-taking attitude and management control systems(MCS)varia-bles.Empirical data from 310 SMEs gathered using a qualitative research questionnaire are analyzed using structural equation modeling methodology.Specifically,estimations are carried out considering the partial least square method.Findings show that MCS and managers’risk attitudes fully mediate the relationship between financial literacy(FL)and innovation.Between these two mediating variables,the implementation of MCS stands out because it also enables the mediating effect of CEOs’risk-taking in the CFL–technological innovation relationship.As the results do not support the significant direct relationship between FL and risk attitude,they confirm an indirect effect through MCS.Furthermore,based on the study findings,SMEs’directors and owners,business associations,and public authorities can improve SMEs’technological innovation by implementing training programs and policies to foster CFL.They can also acknowledge the interdependency between organizational factors and individual characteristics to enhance SMEs’technological innovation.

The Impact of Innovation in Small Industrial Operations to Increased Competitiveness： Empirical Evidence

The present research work in the Small and Medium Enterprise （SME） and industrial sector explains the impact of the relationship among innovation in the SME operations of Aguascalientes to find the most competitive one; to this end, a questionnaire was intended for managers where the results have been analyzed using the statistical package Structural Equation Modeling Programs （EQS） support which through structural equations has responded to the objective. In this sense, it can be concluded that innovation has a positive relationship with the operations and in turn, this relationship shows a positive impact on the competitiveness of SMEs in Aguascalientes. For this study, a sample of 150 companies has been used.

知识搜寻与重构如何促进专精特新中小企业绿色技术创新——战略柔性与激励型环境规制的调节作用

专精特新中小企业的创新实力和发展韧性较强,如何促进其绿色技术创新对于实现“双碳”目标和企业可持续发展具有重要意义。基于组织搜寻与知识管理理论,引入知识重构作为中介变量,战略柔性与激励型环境规制作为调节变量,探究知识搜寻对专精特新中小企业绿色技术创新的内在作用机制。基于272家专精特新中小企业调查数据,通过层次回归、Bootstrap等方法进行分析。结果表明:市场知识搜寻与技术知识搜寻均对专精特新中小企业绿色技术创新具有显著影响;知识重构在市场知识搜寻、技术知识搜寻与专精特新中小企业绿色技术创新之间起部分中介作用;战略柔性正向调节知识搜寻对知识重构的影响;激励型环境规制正向调节知识重构对专精特新中小企业绿色技术创新的影响。

可持续供应链管理对中小制造企业朴素式创新的影响研究

基于可持续供应链管理视角,对6家企业进行定性探索和295家制造业中小企业进行实证检验,分析制造业中小企业朴素式创新的主要影响因素。研究表明:在可持续供应链内部管理方面,内部环境管理与内部社会责任管理会促进中小制造企业的朴素式创新;在可持续供应链外部管理方面,企业与供应商进行可持续合作会促进企业朴素式创新的开展,而企业监督评价供应商的可持续发展行为并不影响企业的朴素式创新;公司规模仅在可持续供应链内部管理对企业朴素式创新的影响中发挥正向调节作用。

研发强度对“专精特新”中小企业竞争力影响的分析

近期中央及各级地方政府加大政策力度积极培育“专精特新”中小企业,并着力提升“专精特新”中小企业的竞争力。通过分析国内外文献构建了企业竞争力影响模型,并且针对608家上海市“专精特新”中小企业6年的面板数据开展回归分析。分析后发现企业的研发强度对于由毛利率表征的企业竞争力有直接影响,企业专利、政府专项支持分别具有中介效应和调节效应。此外,政府专项支持对于新能源汽车行业的企业调节效应更为显著。基于分析结果提出了提高“专精特新”中小企业竞争力的政策建议。

长春市“专精特新”中小企业创新发展路径研究

“专精特新”中小企业作为创新发展的重要力量,在推动经济增长、提升产业链供应链竞争力方面发挥着关键作用。长春市作为中国东北地区重要的工业基地,积极响应国家关于“专精特新”中小企业的发展战略,致力于培育具有专业化、精细化、特色化和新颖化的中小企业。当前,长春市中小企业在发展过程中面临科技创新不足、高水平人才短缺、融资困难以及服务体系不健全等问题。为促进长春市“专精特新”中小企业创新发展,应加大科技创新投入、推动产学研合作、优化金融服务体系,并完善“专精特新”中小企业服务体系建设。

中小外贸鞋服企业创新创业发展路径研究

本文以我国中小外贸鞋服企业为研究对象,分析了其创新创业发展的现状、问题和对策。通过概述我国整体外贸市场的形势和中小外贸鞋服企业的发展特点,从内生竞争力和内外风险两个方面,深入剖析我国中小外贸鞋服企业创新创业发展的现实困境。基于上述分析,提出了中小外贸鞋服企业创新创业路径发展的对策建议,包括通过宏观政策优化企业创新创业环境和通过微观管理对企业创新创业实践指导两个层次,为我国中小外贸鞋服企业的可持续发展提供参考。

中小微企业领导韧性赋能团队创新的心源动力机制———基于愿景沟通与团队行为意向

基于社会信息处理理论,建立“韧性领导的社会信息处理过程-团队互动过程”分析框架,揭示韧性领导赋能团队创新的作用机制。对643个中小微企业的团队领导调查研究发现,领导韧性直接正向影响团队的综合创新绩效,并且相较于结果性创新(产品创新及市场创新),更可能影响潜在创新绩效(战略创新、行为创新、过程创新)。机制检验发现,团队行为意向在领导韧性和综合创新绩效之间发挥中介作用,愿景沟通则在领导韧性和团队行为意向之间具有中介作用。就组织环境而言,信任逆境和目标一致性逆境加强了领导韧性与愿景沟通的联系。上述结论揭示了领导韧性作用于团队创新的社会信息处理过程和情感激发过程,这一心源动力机制对促进中小微企业的创新发展具有重要意义。

数字金融对专精特新中小企业研发创新的影响

基于我国2018—2022年专精特新中小企业上市公司的面板数据,实证分析数字金融对专精特新中小企业研发创新的影响机制。结果表明,数字金融通过缓解融资约束、降低市场风险、加快IPO进程,从而推动专精特新中小企业研发创新。因此,相关金融机构应加大数字金融技术投入与建设力度,拓展数字金融服务边界,以支持专精特新中小企业高质量发展,创造优渥的金融空间。

数字人才与中小企业开放式创新绩效:一个中介调节效应模型

随着数字经济的深入发展,人才在数字化转型过程中的作用得到了学术界和企业界的大量关注。在数字化转型背景下,数字人才如何影响开放式创新缺乏深入探讨。立足数字化赋能的视角,基于“数字人才—知识搜索—开放式创新”的基本逻辑,构建了一个有中介的调节效应模型。在此基础上,利用1930家中小企业的调研数据,对提出的理论模型进行实证检验。研究发现:数字人才有助于改善中小企业开放式创新绩效;数字人才通过知识搜索广度和知识搜索深度正向影响中小企业开放式创新绩效,知识搜索广度和知识搜索深度对中小企业开放式创新绩效也有正向影响。同时,IT能力正向调节了数字人才通过知识搜索广度和知识搜索深度对中小企业开放式创新绩效关系。研究结论对中小企业如何提升开放式创新绩效以及如何应对数字化转型都具有重要指导意义。

河北省科技型中小企业创新生态系统优化路径探讨

以河北省科技型中小企业为对象,探究其发展现状,分析其创新生态系统存在问题,并提出优化对策,有助于推动人才、资本、技术、环境等创新要素的畅通与融合,进一步增强科技型中小企业创新活力,助力经济高质量发展。

基于熵值法的专精特新上市企业创新绩效评价研究

专精特新企业是国家创新驱动发展战略的攻坚力量,其创新绩效的稳步提升是推进制造业强国建设的有力支撑。基于江苏省24家专精特新上市企业2017-2021年年报等数据,构建以创新投入、创新产出、创新环境为维度的评价指标体系,利用熵值法对样本企业的创新绩效进行综合评价测度后发现:1.研发投入对专精特新企业的创新溢出作用明显;2.各类人才对专精特新企业的创新发挥了重要作用,高精尖人才对提高专精特新企业创新绩效具有关键作用;3.构建完善的专精特新企业产业链支持体系才能从根本上促进企业成长;4.专精特新企业创新绩效的提升离不开企业集群的积极效应。基于此,对专精特新企业的支持与发展,一是科学合理引导专精特新企业加大研发投入。要推动专精特新企业融通创新,依据专精特新企业的研发投入强度,建立梯次补贴专项资金;二是加强专精特新企业高精尖人才的引育用留。要夯实创新发展人才基础,优化人才梯队结构,通过引进国际人才和定向调训等,多重发力;三是重视专精特新企业的产业链支持体系的建设。建立专精特新企业贷款资金池,完善专精特新企业服务模式,从需求侧支持专精特新企业创新活动;四是推进专精特新企业加快实现产业集群化发展。要为专精特新企业建立产业链、供应链的机制性联系,以产业集群为依托,龙头企业为引领,形成系统创新、共享资源、融合发展的产业生态。

中小企业竞争情报共享行为系统动力学分析

[研究目的]深入揭示我国中小企业竞争情报(Competitive Intelligence,CI)共享行为及其影响因素的动态变化趋势,以期为CI共享实践提供重要依据和建议。[研究方法]依据预期收益、共享成本、外部环境不确定性、资源依赖、信任、共享意愿与中小企业CI共享行为之间的关系及实证结果,构建系统动力学模型,对中小企业CI共享行为进行仿真预测。[研究结论]中小企业CI共享行为前期受共享意愿和信任的影响较大,增加预期收益和共享成本,会提高中小企业对CI共享的资源依赖程度;后期受共享成本和外部环境不确定性的影响较大,并且会随着预期收益和共享成本的增加逐渐减少对CI共享的资源依赖。CI共享意愿较强的中小企业能够更快地提高共享行为发生的频率,并且其共享行为始终高于共享意愿较弱的中小企业。最后,提出促进中小企业CI共享的对策建议,有利于CI共享工作的开展。

数字普惠金融对银行小微信贷供给的影响研究

数字普惠金融的发展让小微企业融资难题得到了一定程度的缓解,但其如何影响银行对小微企业的信贷供给、银行对小微企业的信贷供给还受哪些因素的影响有待深入研究。基于2012—2020年31个省份的面板数据,构建双向固定效应模型,对数字普惠金融、区域创新水平、市场化程度、银行小微企业信贷四者之间的关系进行深入研究。研究结果表明:第一,数字普惠金融显著促进了银行小微企业信贷供给,其中,数字普惠金融覆盖广度和使用深度对银行小微企业信贷供给具有显著的正向影响,数字化程度对银行小微企业信贷供给影响不显著,在考虑内生性问题、剔除样本、替换核心被解释变量后这一结论依然稳健;第二,数字普惠金融通过提升区域创新水平促进银行小微企业信贷供给;第三,在市场化程度较低和金融监管强度较高的地区,数字普惠金融对银行小微企业信贷供给促进作用更显著。