Specialization and Coordination: New Paradigm, Theory, and Path for Regional Development

In its new development stage,China seeks to derive new dynamism from reform and opening up at a higher level to boost consumption and services.This process coincides with a further differentiation of comparative advantages across regions.Economic activity and population will continue to concentrate in clusters in coastal and central cities amid a continuous outflow of population from remote areas.Development expansion from coastal to interior regions and from central cities to the periphery will promote a new regional development paradigm of“dual centers and periphery”.Therefore,China’s regional development strategy should follow the new theory of seeking relative equilibrium amid development,identify regions of population inflow and outflow,and explore a new development path of regional specialization and coordination.By deepening market reforms and increasing central government coordination,the country is poised to improve the spatial allocation of resources and unleash institutional dividends in the process of developing a unified national market.

Development Geography for exploring solutions to promote regional development

Development Geography is a branch of geography which studies the socioeconomic development of different countries and regions worldwide.Its related research provides informative ideas for promoting regionally co-ordinated development.This study introduces the basic connotation and theory of Development Geography re-search,and clarifies its primary indicators and core approaches to provide solutions for regional development.Finally,the application in regional development research under globalization is proposed.It is considered that the systematically integrated geography paradigm highlights the advantages of Development Geography in re-gional development research.As a result of its“differentiation characteristics-diffusion state-convergence mode”,an important theoretical basis and methodological paradigm are provided to explore the features of regional de-velopment.Since the development gaps among regions exist long throughout the world,Development Geography research ought to focus on new characteristics and challenges of regional development,to provide a theoretical basis for synergy management of sustainable development goals and international cooperation.This contributes to high-quality regional development.

Present Situation of Rural Regional Development and Agricultural Extension Policy

The formulation of agricultural extension policy and the development of rural regional economy present the relationship of mutual existence,mutual influence and mutual promotion.Therefore,it is necessary to study the agricultural extension policy according to the current situation of rural regional development.Agricultural technology extension system is an organization set up at county and township levels to provide farmers with scientific research achievements and practical technical services on planting,animal husbandry,fishery,forestry,agricultural machinery and water conservancy,and it is an important carrier for implementing the strategy of developing agriculture through science and technology.On the basis of expounding the value and significance of rural regional economic development,this paper analyzes the problems existing in China s rural regional development from the aspects of rural infrastructure and public services,rural labor force s cultural and scientific level,rural grass-roots extension system,etc.,and puts forward corresponding measures against the problems.This study has certain theoretical reference value for promoting the all-round development of China s rural economy and realizing the great strategy of rural revitalization in China.

Methods to evaluate the impacts of physio- geographical pattern on spatio-temporal disparity of regional development

With the rapid economic development during the last 30 years in China, more and more disparities have emerged among different regions. It has been one of the hot topics in the fields of physical geography and economic geography, and also has been the task for Chinese government to handle. Nevertheless, to quantitatively assess the impacts of physio-geographical patterns （PGP） on the regional development disparity has been ignored for a long time. In this paper, a quantitative method was adopted to assess the marginal effects of the PGP on spatio-temporal disparity using the partial determination coefficients. The paper described the construction of the evaluation model step by step following its key scientific thinking. Total GDP, per capita GDP, primary industrial output value and secondary industrial output value were employed in this study as the indicators to reflect the impacts of PGP on the regional development disparity. Based on the evaluation methods built by researchers, this study firstly analyzed the temporal impacts of the PGP on spatio-temporal disparity of the regional development in China during the past 50 years, and then explained the spatial differences at each development stage. The results show that the spatio-temporal disparity in China is highly related to the PGP, and that the marginal contribution rate could be employed as an effective way to quantitatively assess the impact of the PGP on spatio-temporal disparity of the regional development.

Basic thoughts and practice of China's regional development planning in new period

Regional development planning is one of the 'hot spots' in the field of human geography in China Based on brief retrospection and reviewing of its development since the 1980s, this paper discusses the basic thoughts of regional development planning under the socialit market economy, i.e.,to work out planning of flexibility, sustainability, multi-objective coordination and high effective practicability. In line with these thoughts, the paper puts forwards boo countermeasure in the practice of working out a high effective regional developmed planning. These countermeasures are to strengthen research on market factors, to take the coordinated development between the economy,society and PRED as the main line of regional development to correctly deal with the relationship between qualitative analysis and quantitative research and to emphasize on researches of regional policies.

System Dynamics-and its Use in Understanding Urban and Regional Development

System dynamics shows how the structure and policies in a system produce change through time. System dynamics deals with the internal processes that produce good and bad behavior in social, economic, and environmental systems. In a system dynamics study, one builds a computer model that acts out the behavior of the real system being represented. The computer model is then used to

Metbodology of environmental impact assessment for regional development

In the light of a serious of environmental impact assessment and environmental planning for eco-nomic developing areas in Tianjin, the paper stressed on the significance and task, the principals and lines aswell as major contents of EIA for regional development. In addition, the paper went further into some detailsand practical problems relating to assessment techniques such as the determination of total amount control-ling targets, setting up index systems , optimization of environmental planning programme etc. , of the EIAfor regional development.

CHINA'S REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE 1980s

This paper deals with regional development of China in the 1980s, including regional dynamic change and the State regional development policy. Behind the practice of regional development is dispuation on the developmental theories. It also mainly outlines theories Which guided the practice of China's regional development in the 1980s and briefly discusses prospect of regional development in China.

ECONOMIC COOPERATION BETWEEN CHINA AND PAN-PACIFIC COUNTRIES:IMPLICATIONS FOR ECONOMIC AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT OF CHINA

The primary aim of this paper is to elucidae economic and spatial impacts of the Sino-Pan-Pacific economic relationships on China. Specffically, it explores the following questions: what is the historical Process of economic cooperation between the two economies? What is the Position of inter-trade between China and Pan-Pacific countries in China's total international trade? What is the position of Pan-pacific countrys' direct investment in China? And what is the potential subsequent meaning of favorable location choice of sevral major investment countries in China?

Changes in China's Regional Development Strategy and FDI Policy in Western Region

Chinahaswitnessedremarkableeconomicachievementssinceinitiatingitsreformandopening-uppolicyin1979.However,thewesternregion,coveringsome56percentofChina'sterritoryandaccountingfor50percentofveritieddepositsofmineralresources,hasnotenjoyedthesamedegreeo...

Regional Economic Development Trend Prediction Method Based on Digital Twins and Time Series Network

At present,the interpretation of regional economic development(RED)has changed from a simple evaluation of economic growth to a focus on economic growth and the optimization of economic structure,the improvement of economic relations,and the change of institutional innovation.This article uses the RED trend as the research object and constructs the RED index to conduct the theoretical analysis.Then this paper uses the attention mechanism based on digital twins and the time series network model to verify the actual data.Finally,the regional economy is predicted according to the theoretical model.The specific research work mainly includes the following aspects:1)This paper introduced the development status of research on time series networks and economic forecasting at home and abroad.2)This paper introduces the basic principles and structures of long and short-term memory(LSTM)and convolutional neural network(CNN),constructs an improved CNN-LSTM model combined with the attention mechanism,and then constructs a regional economic prediction index system.3)The best parameters of the model are selected through experiments,and the trained model is used for simulation experiment prediction.The results show that the CNN-LSTM model based on the attentionmechanism proposed in this paper has high accuracy in predicting regional economies.

Impact of China-ASEAN Free Trade Area on China's International Agricultural Trade and Its Regional Development

This study aims to examine the impact of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area （CAFTA） on China＇s international agricultural trade and its regional agricultural development, using the Global Trade Analysis Project model and the China Agricultural Decision Support System. Our analysis showed that： （i） CAFTA will improve resource allocation efficiencies for both China and ASEAN and will promote bilateral agricultural trade and, hence, will have positive effects on the economic development of both sides; （ii） CAFTA will accelerate China＇s export of the agricultural commodities in which it has comparative advantages, such as vegetables, wheat and horticultural products, but at the same time bring about a large increase in imports of commodities such as vegetable oil and sugar; and （iii） CAFTA will have significantly varying impacts on China＇s regional agricultural development because of large differences in the agricultural production structure in each region. Our results indicate that agriculture in the northern, northeastern and eastern regions of China will benefit from CAFTA, whereas agriculture development in southern China will suffer. Those regional specific impacts are quite different from the effects brought by multilateral free trade treaties, such as those of the WTO, which usually have positive effects on south China but negative impacts on the northern and western parts of China.

Visual simulation of regional development differen- tiation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region

Regional development differentiation is a complicated spatial and temporal dynamic process. Recent developments in spatial statistics and Geographic Information Systems （GIS） have led to an increasing interest in quantitative analysis and visualization of the process. However, so far, few direct qonnections have been made between the newly developed methods and classic spatial development theories, which would be very helpful for the inter- pretation and understanding of regional spatiotemporal differentiation. Using basic concepts and academic principles of polarized growth theory and gradient transfer theory, this paper quantifies the concept of regional development space. It then proposes a method based on GIS to visually simulate and analyze regional development spatiotemporal differentiation through a case study of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Region （BTHMR）, China. The main research results are as follows. 1） The proposed method, built on classic theories and well-developed GIS technology, presents a good picture of regional development spatiotem- poral differentiation. 2） The levels of regional development, in terms of per capita GDP across BTHMR, diminished significantly with increased distances away from city propers （which can be seen as the regional growth poles）, leading to the appearance of development valley zones between different cities. The development valley zones between each city coincided with their boundary areas, which indicates that administrative boundaries have some impact on regional development, if the regional division is based on administrative boundaries. 3） From 1993 to 2007, the development level in the whole BTHMR improved significantly, of which polarized growth was dominant, especially for Beijing and Tianjin. However, as the two economic development engines in BTHMR, the pull effects of both Beijing and Tianjin on their peripheral areas were comparatively weak, except for those on Tangshan. 4） The structure and pattern of gradient transfer and balanced development in the BTHMR had not been completely developed yet, and the sustained polarized development of the regional economy in BTHMR was still going to be the main trend in the next 5-10 years.

Dynamic analysis of agricultural green development efficiency in China: Spatiotemporal evolution and influencing factors

Green development of agriculture is important for achieving coordinated and high-quality regional development for China. Using provincial data from 1990 to 2020, this work explored the dynamics of agricultural green development efficiency of 31 provinces in China, its spatiotemporal characteristics, and its driving factors using a super-efficiency slacks-based measure(Super-SBM), the Malmquist productivity index(MPI), spatial autocorrelation, and a geographic detector. Results showed that the overall agricultural green development efficiency showed a U-shaped trend, suggesting a low level of efficiency. Although a gradient difference was visible among eastern, central, and western regions, the efficiency gap narrowed each year. Technological progress and efficiency both promoted agricultural green development efficiency, especially technological progress. Agricultural green development efficiency had significant spatial aggregation characteristics, but Moran’s Ⅰ result showed a downward trend from 2015 to 2020, indicating a risk of spatial dispersion in the later stage. The provinces with high agricultural green development efficiency were mainly concentrated in the eastern region, while those with low efficiency were concentrated in the central and western regions. Agricultural green development efficiency was influenced by various factors, which showed differences according to time and region. The impact of the labor force’s education level and technological progress increased during the study period, and significantly facilitated agricultural green development efficiency in the eastern region, while the central and western regions were still affected by the scale level and environmental regulation, reflecting the advantages of the eastern region in terms of economy and technology. In the future, strengthening agricultural scientific and technological innovation and deepening interprovincial cooperation can help further improve the level of green agricultural development. In addition, local governments should formulate more precise local agricultural support policies based on macro-level policies and local conditions.

The evaluation of interegional status and development proposals of Chongqing

As the fourth municipality directly under the Central Government, there exist some economic development obstacles including dual economic structures and regional development disparity in Chongqing. According to the local position, economic basis and technical superiority, Chongqing should be an economic growth pole in the interior of China so that it is necessary to evaluate its interregional status. Although the position of economic strength is generally among all of the administrative divisions, the position of Chongqing is very prominent between Southwest China and the Yangtze River industrial zone. In order to give play to the spread action of a growth pole and to promote regional economic coordinated development of the Central and Western part of China, Chongqing should adopt the regional sustained and rapid development strategy. Correspondingly, a series of development proposals has also been put forward in the paper.

Mineral industry and regional development in China

This paper represents an exploratory undertaking to analyse the positive aspects of mineral activity in regional development during the past over 40 years in China The results of applying factor analysis and cluster analysis indicate that: the SocioEconomic Development Factor dominates the general pattern of China's regional disparities; the development of specialized mineral activities reinforces the structure through improving the leading position of core regions as a result of developments in rawmaterial manufacturings; mineral development can further regional development through the inception of a national integrated transport system; for most developing areas, mineral industry can act as a key instrument to stimulate and sustain regional development only in terms of their resource perspectiveplentiful resources equals good growth prospects,while scanty resources equates with much poorer prospects Examination of the factor loading pattern reveals that there are only four variables which have positive loadings across all factors These variables provide an insight into the characteristics of early industrialization in China: firstly, the structural transformation from an agrarian society to one rooted in industry in a country can cause a great increase in mineral consumption; secondly, under this pressure, the system of production becomes heavily engaged in the development of mineral processing; thirdly, mineral development can further regional development through the inception of a national integrated transport system; and finally, all the developments can provide the region with great opportunities for achievement of social wellbeing conductive with the “takeoff' point”

THE LIFE-CYCLE OF MINERAL CONSUMPTION IN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT AND ITS IMPLICATION

Social achievement in the world is dependent to a great extent on the development of mineral resources. A changing pattern of the Life Cycle in mineral consumption, with a general pattern of introduction, growth, stability and decline, is seen as a determinant factor not only to the transformation of industrial structure, but also to the infrastructural construction, industrial location, the spatial organization of urban development as well as regional environmental protection.

Measuring the Imbalance of Regional Development from Outer Space in China

We develop a statistical framework to use the data of night-time-lights(DN)from satellite to augment official GDP measures,and a non-linear substitution relationship between DN and GDP is given.In this paper,we take advantage of DN instead of GDP to measure the imbalance of regional development(IRD)in China by using the method of bi-dimensional decomposition under the population-weighted coefficient of variation.The method enables us to analyze the contributions of DN components to within-region and between-regions inequality under the framework which has been proposed,we can get the conclusion that the imbalance between-regions rather than within-region is the main reason for the influence of IRD for the whole country in China.

Value Production,Value Transfer and Accumulation:A Political Economics Analysis of Uneven Regional Development in China

This paper aims to understand China’s uneven regional development in recent years on the basis of on political economics theories.We summarizes two theories from the political economics on uneven regional development-framework of production and framework of exchange-and unifi es them by theories of labor value and capital circulation.It means to show that uneven regional development will be explained with value production,value realization and capital accumulation,and their interactions as well.This framework can not only explain regional disparities in a static sense,but also presents dynamically developments of regional disparities-first rising and then falling.Empirical research finds China’s regional disparities result mainly from the value production gap.During the period of analysis,China went through a capital accumulation biased towards less developed regions,jointly shaped by market logic and government behavior.It made the effect of reducing regional disparities stronger than the“polarization effect”around 2007,producing a narrowing of disparities across regional development.

A Theoretical Research on the System of Regional Development Models

According to the to the typical practice in some less developed regions this paperre developed regions,this paper researches the theories and methods of construction of regional development models.Inaccordancc In accordance with the of region system of man-land relationship,the auther analyses the natural evolution trends of region system as wed as the internal and the spatiai structun of region system.On the basis of theoretical study and typical example analyses,the paper presents a system of regional develoment models,including forecasting models,structure analysis and planning models,spatial-location models and strategic decision models.