Continuous monoculture problems, or replanting diseases, are one of the key factors affecting productivity and quality of Chinese medicinal plants. The underlying mechanism is still being explored. Most of the studies...Continuous monoculture problems, or replanting diseases, are one of the key factors affecting productivity and quality of Chinese medicinal plants. The underlying mechanism is still being explored. Most of the studies on continuous monoculture ofRehmannia glutinosa L. are focused on plant nutritional physiology, root exudate, and its autotoxieity. However, the changes in the diversity of microflora in the rhizosphere mediated by the continuous monoculture pattern have been remained unknown. In this study, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism （T-RFLP） technique was used for fingerprinting fungal diversity in the rhizosphere soil sampled from the fields ofR. glutinosa monocultured for 1 and 2 yr. The results showed that the structure of fungal community in consecutively moncultured rhizosphere soil was different from that in control soil （no cropping soil）, and varied with the consecutive monoeulture years （1 and 2 yr）. The comprehensive evaluation index （D） of fungal community estimated by principal component analysis of fragment number, peak area, Shannon-Weiner index, and Margalef index was higher in 1 yr monoculture soil than that in 2 yr monoculture soil, suggesting that consecutive monoculture of R. glutinosa could be a causative agent to decrease the diversity of fungal community in the rhizosphere soil.展开更多
Through the analysis on the leaf color and photosynthetic characteristics of new strains and main cultivars of Rehmannia glutinosa,it is expected to provide theoretical basis for breeding of new varieties. Chlorophyll...Through the analysis on the leaf color and photosynthetic characteristics of new strains and main cultivars of Rehmannia glutinosa,it is expected to provide theoretical basis for breeding of new varieties. Chlorophyll,anthocyanin,and net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,stomatal conductance（Cond）,transpiration rate（Tr）,and intercellular CO2concentration（Ci） in 8 varieties of Rehmannia glutinosa were measured by spectrophotometer and LI-6400 XT Portable Photosynthesis System. The results showed that the chlorophyll content of Huaidijin 8（2. 84 mg/g）,Huaidi 81（2. 71 mg/g）,Huaidi 85-5（2. 69 mg/g）,Jinjiu（2. 66 mg/g） and Huaidi 83（2. 63 mg/g） was higher; the anthocyanin content of Jinjiu（0. 169） and Huaidijin 8（0. 165） was higher,while the anthocyanin content Huaidi 83（0. 060） was the lowest; Pn of Huaidi81[2. 41 μmol/（m2·s） ],Huaidi 83[2. 37 μmol/（m2·s） ]and Huaidijin 8[2. 25 μmol/（m2·s） ]was higher,and the anthocyanin content was positively correlated with Pn,while the anthocyanin content was negatively correlated with Pn; Huaidijin 8 and Huaidi 83 showed dominant advantages in single plant fresh weight,indicator component,and resistance over the main cultivars. This indicates that the new variety Huaidijin 8 and Huaidi 83 have excellent comprehensive traits and can be properly popularized.展开更多
Using double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)technology and sequence-independent amplification(SIA),the molecular identification on infected Rehmannia glutinosa in the field with mosaic symptoms was performed and the whole-genome ...Using double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)technology and sequence-independent amplification(SIA),the molecular identification on infected Rehmannia glutinosa in the field with mosaic symptoms was performed and the whole-genome of the Rehmannia mosaic virus(ReMV)Shanxi isolate(ReMV-SX)was sequenced.Sequencing analysis showed that the virus that infected Rehmannia glutinosa was Rehmannia mosaic virus(ReMV).The full-length of the obtained ReMV-SX sequence(GenBank accession no.JX575184)was 6395 nt,containing four open reading frames(ORFs).The sequence homology analysis of the complete nucleotide sequence showed that ReMV-SX was 93.8%-97.0%homologous to ReMV in Tobamovirus subgroup Ⅰ,while only 49.8%-58.9%homologous to the isolates in subgroups Ⅱ and Ⅲ of the same genus.Phylogenetic analysis showed that ReMV-SX and ReMV-Henan formed a separate branch and had the closest genetic relationship.The results laid the foundation for ongoing researches in the taxonomic status and evolution of ReMV and for further investigating the pathogenic mechanism of ReMV infecting Rehmannia glutinosa.展开更多
Forsythia fructus has been shown to have antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-aging and whitening effects. Hoechunyangkyeok-san (Forsythia viridissima-prescription) is a traditional herbal medicine, w...Forsythia fructus has been shown to have antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-aging and whitening effects. Hoechunyangkyeok-san (Forsythia viridissima-prescription) is a traditional herbal medicine, which has been clinically used for treating febrile and inflammatory disorders. This work was carried out to investigate the skin whitening effects of Forsythia viridissima-prescription extract (a hydrolyzed extract of Hoechunyangkyeok-san: SID White HYC) on skin. The effects of SID White HYC were assessed the melanin contents in B161 melanoma cells and the pigmented equivalent with HMB45 and Fontana Masson staining in 3D skin model. Then, we examined the expression of major pigment enzymes regulating melanin synthesis and melanosome transport related proteins in B16F1 cells. SID White HYC significantly inhibited the melanin synthesis (56.7% and 30.6% inhibition at 100 μg/mL, intracellular and secreted, respectively) in B16F1 cells and 3D skin model. In addition, western blotting analysis showed that SID White HYC reduced the expression of melanin synthesis and melanosome transport related proteins in B16F1 cells. In clinical trials, the cream containing 0.05% SID White HYC showed skin depigmentation effect without any irritation. These results suggest that SID White HYC may be useful inhibition of melanogenesis and melanosome transport. Therefore, SID White HYC may have potential as a skin-whitening ingredient in cosmetics.展开更多
A new megastigmane,rehmamegastigmane(1),together with eighteen known compounds lariciresinol(2),lariciresinol-4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(3),hierochin D(4),yemuoside YM1(5),darendoside B(6),decaffeoylacteoside(7),jiono...A new megastigmane,rehmamegastigmane(1),together with eighteen known compounds lariciresinol(2),lariciresinol-4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(3),hierochin D(4),yemuoside YM1(5),darendoside B(6),decaffeoylacteoside(7),jionoside B1(8),catalpol(9),ajugol(10),6-O-vanilloylajugol(11),6-O-E-feruloylajugol(12),rehmapicroside(13),rehmapicrogenin(14),3-methoxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexane-1-enecarboxylic acid(15),vanillic acid(16),hydroferulic acid(17),threo-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,3-propanetriol(18),p-hydroxyphenylethyl alcohol(19)was isolated from the fresh roots of Rehmannia glutinosa.Compounds 2–6 and 16–18 were isolated from this plant for the first time.展开更多
Objective To investigate the metabolic routes and metabolites of Rehmannia glutinosa and Cornus officinalis herb pair produced by gut microbiome from rats.Methods A rapid and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromat...Objective To investigate the metabolic routes and metabolites of Rehmannia glutinosa and Cornus officinalis herb pair produced by gut microbiome from rats.Methods A rapid and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-offlight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF/MS） technique combined with Metabolynx？software was established and successfully applied to identify the metabolites of the main bioactive components in the herb pair extract by rat intestinal bacteria.Results Four parent compounds（loganin,morroniside,catalpol,and acteoside） and their eight corresponding metabolites were detected and tentatively identified by the characteristics of their protonated ions.Hydrogenated and demethylated loganetin,dehydroxylated morronisid aglycone,caffeic acid,and its methylated product were the main metabolites.These metabolites suggested that the glycosides were firstly hydrolyzed to their aglycones by hydrolytic enzymes of the enteric microbial flora and subsequently to the other metabolites through hydrogenation,（de）-methylation,and de-hydroxylation.Conclusion The results may be helpful for the further investigation of the pharmacokinetic study of R.glutinosa and C.officinalis herb pair in vivo.展开更多
The present phytochenucal study was undertaken to investigate the chemical constituents of the 95%EtOH extract of the dried roots of Rehmannia glutinosa.The compounds were isolated and purified by Diaion HP-20,Toyopea...The present phytochenucal study was undertaken to investigate the chemical constituents of the 95%EtOH extract of the dried roots of Rehmannia glutinosa.The compounds were isolated and purified by Diaion HP-20,Toyopearl HW-40,silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC,and the structures were identified on展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (30772729, 30671201, and81072983)the Key Technologies R&D Programof China during the 11th Five-Year Plan period(2006BAI09B03 and 2006BAI06A12-06)
文摘Continuous monoculture problems, or replanting diseases, are one of the key factors affecting productivity and quality of Chinese medicinal plants. The underlying mechanism is still being explored. Most of the studies on continuous monoculture ofRehmannia glutinosa L. are focused on plant nutritional physiology, root exudate, and its autotoxieity. However, the changes in the diversity of microflora in the rhizosphere mediated by the continuous monoculture pattern have been remained unknown. In this study, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism （T-RFLP） technique was used for fingerprinting fungal diversity in the rhizosphere soil sampled from the fields ofR. glutinosa monocultured for 1 and 2 yr. The results showed that the structure of fungal community in consecutively moncultured rhizosphere soil was different from that in control soil （no cropping soil）, and varied with the consecutive monoeulture years （1 and 2 yr）. The comprehensive evaluation index （D） of fungal community estimated by principal component analysis of fragment number, peak area, Shannon-Weiner index, and Margalef index was higher in 1 yr monoculture soil than that in 2 yr monoculture soil, suggesting that consecutive monoculture of R. glutinosa could be a causative agent to decrease the diversity of fungal community in the rhizosphere soil.
基金Supported by the Public Health Project of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of the People’s Republic of China[Cai She(2011)76]National Level Project Cultivation Fund of Henan Normal University in 2014(2014PL15)
文摘Through the analysis on the leaf color and photosynthetic characteristics of new strains and main cultivars of Rehmannia glutinosa,it is expected to provide theoretical basis for breeding of new varieties. Chlorophyll,anthocyanin,and net photosynthetic rate（Pn）,stomatal conductance（Cond）,transpiration rate（Tr）,and intercellular CO2concentration（Ci） in 8 varieties of Rehmannia glutinosa were measured by spectrophotometer and LI-6400 XT Portable Photosynthesis System. The results showed that the chlorophyll content of Huaidijin 8（2. 84 mg/g）,Huaidi 81（2. 71 mg/g）,Huaidi 85-5（2. 69 mg/g）,Jinjiu（2. 66 mg/g） and Huaidi 83（2. 63 mg/g） was higher; the anthocyanin content of Jinjiu（0. 169） and Huaidijin 8（0. 165） was higher,while the anthocyanin content Huaidi 83（0. 060） was the lowest; Pn of Huaidi81[2. 41 μmol/（m2·s） ],Huaidi 83[2. 37 μmol/（m2·s） ]and Huaidijin 8[2. 25 μmol/（m2·s） ]was higher,and the anthocyanin content was positively correlated with Pn,while the anthocyanin content was negatively correlated with Pn; Huaidijin 8 and Huaidi 83 showed dominant advantages in single plant fresh weight,indicator component,and resistance over the main cultivars. This indicates that the new variety Huaidijin 8 and Huaidi 83 have excellent comprehensive traits and can be properly popularized.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31772130)China Agriculture Research System(CARS-21)。
文摘Using double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)technology and sequence-independent amplification(SIA),the molecular identification on infected Rehmannia glutinosa in the field with mosaic symptoms was performed and the whole-genome of the Rehmannia mosaic virus(ReMV)Shanxi isolate(ReMV-SX)was sequenced.Sequencing analysis showed that the virus that infected Rehmannia glutinosa was Rehmannia mosaic virus(ReMV).The full-length of the obtained ReMV-SX sequence(GenBank accession no.JX575184)was 6395 nt,containing four open reading frames(ORFs).The sequence homology analysis of the complete nucleotide sequence showed that ReMV-SX was 93.8%-97.0%homologous to ReMV in Tobamovirus subgroup Ⅰ,while only 49.8%-58.9%homologous to the isolates in subgroups Ⅱ and Ⅲ of the same genus.Phylogenetic analysis showed that ReMV-SX and ReMV-Henan formed a separate branch and had the closest genetic relationship.The results laid the foundation for ongoing researches in the taxonomic status and evolution of ReMV and for further investigating the pathogenic mechanism of ReMV infecting Rehmannia glutinosa.
文摘Forsythia fructus has been shown to have antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-aging and whitening effects. Hoechunyangkyeok-san (Forsythia viridissima-prescription) is a traditional herbal medicine, which has been clinically used for treating febrile and inflammatory disorders. This work was carried out to investigate the skin whitening effects of Forsythia viridissima-prescription extract (a hydrolyzed extract of Hoechunyangkyeok-san: SID White HYC) on skin. The effects of SID White HYC were assessed the melanin contents in B161 melanoma cells and the pigmented equivalent with HMB45 and Fontana Masson staining in 3D skin model. Then, we examined the expression of major pigment enzymes regulating melanin synthesis and melanosome transport related proteins in B16F1 cells. SID White HYC significantly inhibited the melanin synthesis (56.7% and 30.6% inhibition at 100 μg/mL, intracellular and secreted, respectively) in B16F1 cells and 3D skin model. In addition, western blotting analysis showed that SID White HYC reduced the expression of melanin synthesis and melanosome transport related proteins in B16F1 cells. In clinical trials, the cream containing 0.05% SID White HYC showed skin depigmentation effect without any irritation. These results suggest that SID White HYC may be useful inhibition of melanogenesis and melanosome transport. Therefore, SID White HYC may have potential as a skin-whitening ingredient in cosmetics.
基金supported by the Key Projects in the National Science&Technology Pillar Program during the Twelfth Five-Year Plan Period(2011BAI06B02)the Collaborative Innovation Center of Diagnosis,Treatment and Drug Research for Respiratory Disease,Henan province,China.
文摘A new megastigmane,rehmamegastigmane(1),together with eighteen known compounds lariciresinol(2),lariciresinol-4′-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(3),hierochin D(4),yemuoside YM1(5),darendoside B(6),decaffeoylacteoside(7),jionoside B1(8),catalpol(9),ajugol(10),6-O-vanilloylajugol(11),6-O-E-feruloylajugol(12),rehmapicroside(13),rehmapicrogenin(14),3-methoxy-2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexane-1-enecarboxylic acid(15),vanillic acid(16),hydroferulic acid(17),threo-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,3-propanetriol(18),p-hydroxyphenylethyl alcohol(19)was isolated from the fresh roots of Rehmannia glutinosa.Compounds 2–6 and 16–18 were isolated from this plant for the first time.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81072996,81102743)Priority Academic Programs Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)
文摘Objective To investigate the metabolic routes and metabolites of Rehmannia glutinosa and Cornus officinalis herb pair produced by gut microbiome from rats.Methods A rapid and sensitive ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole-time-offlight mass spectrometry（UPLC-Q-TOF/MS） technique combined with Metabolynx？software was established and successfully applied to identify the metabolites of the main bioactive components in the herb pair extract by rat intestinal bacteria.Results Four parent compounds（loganin,morroniside,catalpol,and acteoside） and their eight corresponding metabolites were detected and tentatively identified by the characteristics of their protonated ions.Hydrogenated and demethylated loganetin,dehydroxylated morronisid aglycone,caffeic acid,and its methylated product were the main metabolites.These metabolites suggested that the glycosides were firstly hydrolyzed to their aglycones by hydrolytic enzymes of the enteric microbial flora and subsequently to the other metabolites through hydrogenation,（de）-methylation,and de-hydroxylation.Conclusion The results may be helpful for the further investigation of the pharmacokinetic study of R.glutinosa and C.officinalis herb pair in vivo.
文摘The present phytochenucal study was undertaken to investigate the chemical constituents of the 95%EtOH extract of the dried roots of Rehmannia glutinosa.The compounds were isolated and purified by Diaion HP-20,Toyopearl HW-40,silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC,and the structures were identified on
