Discussion on“Dispersion characteristics of clayey soils containing waste rubber particles”[J Rock Mech Geotech Eng 15(2023)3050-3058]

We read with great interest the recent article by Erenson(2023)entitled“Dispersion characteristics of clayey soils containing waste rubber particles”.The author has studied the dispersion characteristics of clayey soils containing different percentages of waste rubber particles(WRPs)by performing several tests(viz.consistency limit,linear shrinkage limit,double hydrometer,crumb test and pinhole test)and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)analysis on five clayey(viz.Na-activated bentonite,refined ball clay,Ukrainian kaolin,Avanos kaolin and Afyon clay)samples containing 0%,5%,10%and 15%WRPs.It should be noted that Erenson(2023)has presented some interesting observations,but there are some serious issues that we want to share through this discussion and request the author of the original paper to address them to avoid their persistence in the scientific literature.

An Investigation on Open-RAN Specifications:Use Cases,Security Threats,Requirements,Discussions

The emergence of various technologies such as terahertz communications,Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces(RIS),and AI-powered communication services will burden network operators with rising infrastructure costs.Recently,the Open Radio Access Network(O-RAN)has been introduced as a solution for growing financial and operational burdens in Beyond 5G(B5G)and 6G networks.O-RAN promotes openness and intelligence to overcome the limitations of traditional RANs.By disaggregating conventional Base Band Units(BBUs)into O-RAN Distributed Units(O-DU)and O-RAN Centralized Units(O-CU),O-RAN offers greater flexibility for upgrades and network automation.However,this openness introduces new security challenges compared to traditional RANs.Many existing studies overlook these security requirements of the O-RAN networks.To gain deeper insights into the O-RAN system and security,this paper first provides an overview of the general O-RAN architecture and its diverse use cases relevant to B5G and 6G applications.We then delve into specifications of O-RAN security threats and requirements,aiming to mitigate security vulnerabilities effectively.By providing a comprehensive understanding of O-RAN architecture,use cases,and security considerations,thisworkserves as a valuable resource for future research in O-RAN and its security.

Contribution and Relevance of Transfontanellar Ultrasound in Newborns in Ouagadougou: Multicentre Study on 1000 Cases

Objectives: To demonstrate the contribution and relevance of ETFs through the study of 1000 examination reports carried out in the medical imaging departments of the OUAGADOUGOU CHU. Material and method: Analytical descriptive study with retrospective collection, extended from 1st January 2020 to 1st January 2022. Results: Of the 1000 transfontanellar ultrasound reports, the mean age of patients was 7.61 +/ 7.5 days, with extremes of zero and 28 days. Sex was specified in 989 cases. Males accounted for 54.49% and females for 45.51%. 555 transfontanellar ultrasound were performed in 2020. 441 in 2021 and 4 in 2022. 61.9% of transfontanellar ultrasound were performed at the Bogodogo University Hospital, 205 at Charles de Gaulle and 176 at Tengandogo. Indications for transfontanellar ultrasound were dominated by neonatal distress (65.8%), followed by convulsions (10.2%) and prematurity (9.1%). Transfontanellar ultrasound was normal in 570 cases (57%) and abnormal in 430 cases (43%). Abnormalities were dominated by haemorrhage and ischaemic lesions in 66.28% (285) and 21.63% (93) of cases respectively. In the group of normal transfontanellar ultrasound, neonatal distress represented 59.65% of indications and prematurity 10.7% of indications. As for abnormal transfontanellar ultrasound, neonatal suffering accounted for 73.95% of indications and convulsions for 12.56%. The average age ofpatients with an abnormal transfontanellar ultrasound was 8.74 days +/ 7.89 days. The indication for investigations was relevant in 42.2% of cases and irrelevant in 57.8%;of the transfontanellar ultrasound with relevant indications, 0.71 were normal and 99.29 abnormal;of the transfontanellar ultrasound with irrelevant indications, the transfontanellar ultrasound was normal in 98.1% and abnormal in 1.9%. Conclusion: Transfontanellar ultrasound is an important part of ultrasound in current practice. Haemorrhage, anoxic-ischaemic lesions and hydrocephalus are the most frequent pathologies found by this technique in newborns. Whether or not the examinations were normal depended on the appropriateness of the prescription.

Application Analysis of Nursing Students'Grades in Course Relevance Based on Association Rule Mining Algorithm Apriori

By analyzing the correlation between courses in students’grades,we can provide a decision-making basis for the revision of courses and syllabi,rationally optimize courses,and further improve teaching effects.With the help of IBM SPSS Modeler data mining software,this paper uses Apriori algorithm for association rule mining to conduct an in-depth analysis of the grades of nursing students in Shandong College of Traditional Chinese Medicine,and to explore the correlation between professional basic courses and professional core courses.Lastly,according to the detailed analysis of the mining results,valuable curriculum information will be found from the actual teaching data.

A Discussion on the Issue of Excessive Academic Burden among Middle School Students

At present,the heavy academic workload of middle school students is a common problem,which is still questioned by parents,concerned by the government,and hotly debated by society.This paper summarizes the following eight aspects:the difficult content of subject courses,excessive class hours,heavy homework burden,complicated exams,overwhelming study materials,fierce subject competition,prevalent off-campus tutoring,and poor physical and mental health.Recognizing these problems can help to optimize the education and teaching environment and achieve a sustainable enrollment rate.

Precise Multi-Class Classification of Brain Tumor via Optimization Based Relevance Vector Machine

The objective of this research is to examine the use of feature selection and classification methods for distinguishing different types of brain tumors.The brain tumor is characterized by an anomalous proliferation of brain cells that can either be benign or malignant.Most tumors are misdiagnosed due to the variabil-ity and complexity of lesions,which reduces the survival rate in patients.Diagno-sis of brain tumors via computer vision algorithms is a challenging task.Segmentation and classification of brain tumors are currently one of the most essential surgical and pharmaceutical procedures.Traditional brain tumor identi-fication techniques require manual segmentation or handcrafted feature extraction that is error-prone and time-consuming.Hence the proposed research work is mainly focused on medical image processing,which takes Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI)images as input and performs preprocessing,segmentation,fea-ture extraction,feature selection,similarity measurement,and classification steps for identifying brain tumors.Initially,the medianfilter is practically applied to the input image to reduce the noise.The graph-cut segmentation technique is used to segment the tumor region.The texture feature is extracted from the output of the segmented image.The extracted feature is selected by using the Ant Colony Opti-mization(ACO)algorithm to improve the performance of the classifier.This prob-abilistic approach is used to solve computing issues.The Euclidean distance is used to calculate the degree of similarity for each extracted feature.The selected feature value is given to the Relevance Vector Machine(RVM)which is a multi-class classification technique.Finally,the tumor is classified as abnormal or nor-mal.The experimental result reveals that the proposed RVM technique gives a better accuracy range of 98.87%when compared to the traditional Support Vector Machine(SVM)technique.

高等医学教育PBL病例讨论课的教学设计改革

采用PBL教学法进行病例讨论式教学方式,已经在高等医学教育中得到广泛应用。PBL病例讨论课普遍存在部分学生参与度不高的现象。为了解决这个问题,在PBL病例讨论课中进行分小组讨论式的教学设计改革,将10人组拆分成3组或4组,每组2~~3人;调整教学评价模式,将原来的指导教师综合评价转变为组对组之间学生评价并设置加分项。教学组织形式和评价模式改革有助于所有学生积极参与讨论,取得了较好的课堂教学效果。

Discussion on the Effective Use of Error Resources in Primary School Mathematics

course.With students’high thinking ability,they are faced with many problems and challenges.In this process,the teaching mode of teachers is too traditional.In class,teachers always give endless lectures,so that students have little time for independent thinking and inquiry learning.At the same time,teachers pay too much attention to the use of“correct resources”in the teaching process,but ignore the use of“wrong resources”and the use of value.The long-term continuation of this teaching mode will reduce the enthusiasm and initiative of primary school students in mathematics learning,and learning is very bad for students.Therefore,teachers should pay attention to the correct use of“wrong resources”,and make effective use of these resources for classroom teaching,in order to improve students’learning enthusiasm and the cultivation of inquiry ability.

国内外典型茄衣烟叶常规化学成分和中性致香物质关键性差异指标研究

为了解国内外典型茄衣烟叶关键品质指标差异,测定了中国、巴西、多米尼加、印度尼西亚这4个国家共40份茄衣烟叶样品中的常规化学成分和中性致香物质,通过偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)法和Pearson相关性分析法进行关键性差异指标筛选及相关性分析。结果表明:国内茄衣烟叶总糖和还原糖质量分数显著高于国外茄衣烟叶,烟碱质量分数显著高于巴西和印度尼西亚茄衣烟叶,氮碱比显著低于巴西和印度尼西亚茄衣烟叶,钾质量分数显著低于巴西和多米尼加茄衣烟叶;国内茄衣烟叶中性致香物质总含量和新植二烯含量高于国外茄衣烟叶,苯丙氨酸类降解产物含量与巴西、多米尼加和印度尼西亚茄衣烟叶均较为接近,棕色化反应产物含量显著高于国外茄衣烟叶;国内外茄衣烟叶关键性差异指标共有16种,其中β-大马酮含量、愈创木酚含量等11种指标表现为国内茄衣烟叶中数值相对较高,苯甲醛含量、总氮质量分数、氮碱比等5种指标表现为国外茄衣烟叶中数值相对较高;16种指标中总氮质量分数和氮碱比与二氢猕猴桃内酯含量、2-乙酰基吡咯含量和苯甲醛含量均呈极显著正相关,与巨豆三烯酮2含量、β-大马酮含量均呈显著或极显著负相关,而总糖、还原糖和烟碱质量分数与上述中性致香物质含量之间的关系则均相反。

对复杂水资源系统管理的认知与思考

通过提升管理能力进一步缓解水资源供需矛盾,应对水、经济、社会、生态等关联系统之间的不确定性已经成为新时期水资源可持续发展的必然要求。面对我国水资源系统存在的新老问题,亟须开展新时期反映复杂水资源系统特征的管理研究。基于此,梳理我国水资源管理模式的发展历程,指出我国已经进入面向关联要素的水资源系统综合管理阶段,多属性、全过程和多要素是目前复杂水资源系统管理的基本特征。从管理目标、管理对象和管理路径3个方面对复杂水资源系统管理的基本框架进行详细阐述。最后,对复杂水资源系统管理的关键支撑技术进行探讨,提出水资源监测技术、水循环模拟技术、水资源配置与调度技术、水生态环境过程模拟技术是我国水资源科学管理的关键支撑。

童年不良经历与犯罪关联性研究

童年不良经历是个体未来犯罪的潜在风险因素,已有研究表明其与犯罪行为具有正向关联性。但针对童年不良经历与重新犯罪间关系的研究较少,且不良经历的内部因素对重新犯罪的影响模式尚未明确。在生态系统理论、生命历程理论和逐级年龄非正式社会控制理论的指导下,通过对在押服刑人员和刑满释放人员的个别访谈和量表评估,深入认识和了解研究对象童年不良经历与其犯罪的潜在关联性,用“数”说话,循“数”治理,以实证方法发现家庭父母关系、教养方式、学校表现、越轨行为、同伴交往等影响因素都是重新犯罪的重要预测因子。通过聚焦个人成长经历劣势累积,提出家庭学校与犯罪的“共线性”关系、越轨行为与犯罪的“凝聚加持”关系,验证了发展犯罪预防理论中关于“生命早期的经历对于形成个体经验有关键性影响”的论述。最后,提出从家庭、学校和专门矫治教育入手的循证预防策略,从而实现犯罪预防的源头预防、法治预防、有效预防。

临床护士关怀行为与职业应对自我效能感的相关性

目的:了解临床护士关怀行为与职业应对自我效能感现状,并分析两者相关性,为提高临床护士关怀行为提供参考。方法:2023年3月—4月将河南省各市按东部、中部、西部分层,分别抽取2所二级及以上综合医院共260名临床护士进行调查。采用一般资料调查表、职业应对自我效能感量表和护士关怀行为量表进行调查。结果:260名临床护士关怀行为得分为(121.84±19.69)分,职业应对自我效能感得分为(35.00±6.76)分,护士职业应对自我效能感与关怀行为呈正相关(P<0.01)。多重线性回归分析结果显示,工作年限、月收入、人文专项培训次数和职业应对自我效能感是护士关怀行为的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:临床护士关怀行为水平较高,提高临床护士职业应对自我效能感有助于提高护士的关怀行为。提示管理者应进一步加强组织支持,营造和谐工作氛围以提高护士职业应对自我效能感,从而促进护士关怀水平,提升护理质量。

肾虚血瘀型不明原因复发性流产肠道菌群特征观察及证型相关分析

目的观察肾虚血瘀型不明原因复发性流产(unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion,URSA)患者未孕状态下肠道微生态特点及与正常女性粪便中肠道菌群的差异;探讨URSA肾虚血瘀型与肠道菌群是否存在一定的相关性。方法收集2020年9月—2021年1月就诊于黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院妇科门诊和住院部的患者作为研究对象:试验组(30例)为URSA肾虚血瘀型未孕患者、对照组(40例)为正常未孕女性。收集基本信息、中医证候等资料,采集粪便标本,通过高通量测序方法检测肠道菌群,并对其进行定性、定量分析。结果URSA肾虚血瘀型患者与正常女性肠道菌群的物种组成、丰度,Alpha、Beta多样性存在差异。URSA患者年龄与粪球菌、梭状杆菌、厌氧菌、双歧杆菌成正相关;流产次数与罗氏菌属、丹毒丝菌科正相关,与真杆菌属负相关;中医证候积分与粪球菌属呈正相关,与巨球型菌属、卡氏伯克霍氏菌、毛螺菌属呈负相关;变形杆菌门在URSA肾虚细化证型中存在显著差异。结论URSA肾虚血瘀型患者与正常女性肠道优势菌群的丰度比例存在差异,造成差异的主要贡献菌群不同。

Current Situation and Discussion of “Going Abroad” in Higher Vocational Colleges Under the Background of the Belt and Road Initiative

The Belt and Road Initiative has brought unprecedented development opportunities for domestic higher vocational colleges to“go abroad,”but it has also brought severe challenges.Driven by the Belt and Road Initiative,the development of higher vocational colleges“going abroad”has been confronted with a series of challenges,including the imperfect connection of policies,the lack of internal funds,as well as international standards,which are important factors affecting their development.Therefore,it is necessary to start from three aspects,which are policy guarantee,financing,and docking international standards.Through in-depth study of“going abroad”with tthe Belt and Road Initiative,we can effectively reduce the adverse impact of“going abroad”and provide a better and more innovative development environment for higher vocational colleges.

个人信息范围的界定与要件判断

个人信息是个人信息保护法中最核心的概念,也是个人信息保护法律规范的适用前提。我国法律对个人信息采取了统一定义的模式。从《中华人民共和国网络安全法》(下文简称《网络安全法》)到《中华人民共和国个人信息保护法》(下文简称《个人信息保护法》),个人信息的概念经历了一个从窄到宽的发展演变过程。《个人信息保护法》第4条第1款将个人信息的判断要件分为积极要件与消极要件,前者是通过关联性与识别性去界定个人信息的概念范围,后者则将匿名化处理后的信息排除在个人信息之外。为了防止个人信息的范围过于宽泛,以至于个人信息保护法成为无所不包的法律,应明确个人信息积极要件中关联性要件与识别性要件之间为“且”的关系而非“或”的关系,以此来相应地控制个人信息的范围。认定关联性要件时,不仅应考虑信息的内容、目的和结果,还要考虑信息与个人权益是否存在一定的因果关联。在判断识别性时,应当限定识别主体的范围及所使用的手段与方式。作为消极要件的匿名化虽然并非可以绝对消除信息的可识别性,但是其对于保护个人信息权益也有重要的意义。

投资者网络舆论关注对MD&A语调操纵的影响研究

以2010~2021年中国A股上市公司为研究样本,探究网络舆论关注对企业管理层讨论与分析语调操纵行为的影响。研究发现,投资者网络舆论关注和管理层讨论与分析语调操纵行为显著正相关,二者之间的关系符合市场压力假说,而非有效监督假说。进一步发现,当企业盈余管理操纵空间越小、企业业绩压力越大和越需要进行形象管理时,管理层通过语调操纵迎合投资者网络舆论关注的行为越严重;语调操纵行为会加剧企业股票崩盘风险,降低企业价值;企业内部控制质量和机构投资者持股能缓解管理层通过语调操纵迎合投资者关注的行为。

次同步振荡在交直流电网中传播的关键影响因素

随着“双高”电力系统的发展,次同步振荡问题日益凸出,亟需研究交直流线路次同步振荡传播的关键影响因素。从系统响应量测时序数据着手,提出了一种次同步振荡传播关键影响因素定量分析方法。首先,基于自适应噪声完全集合经验模态分解(complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition, CEEMDAN)的改进小波阈值去噪方法对量测数据进行降噪处理,减少噪声对Prony分析的影响;其次,基于次同步振荡传播各影响因素的相关系数和互信息量建立相关性评价组合模型;最后,计算交直流不同参数在综合模型中的评价指标,得出次同步振荡在交直流线路中传播的关键影响因素。通过在PSCAD搭建2区域4机系统进行分析,结果表明:影响交流线路次同步振荡传播的极强相关参数为交流线路潮流,影响直流线路次同步振荡传播的极强相关参数为次同步振荡频率下交流线路阻抗特性。

关联性理论视角下文物主题游径研究

文物主题游径是通过一定的内在关联线索将各类文物资源与非文物资源整合串联起来的文化遗产旅游线路,强调游径系统中各构成要素间的整合。本文为深入挖掘影响文物主题游径生成的内在关联逻辑,引入城市设计中研究有机组织与整合城市内部各要素构成的关联性理论,分析文物主题游径构成要素在环境、历史、空间和功能层面存在的紧密关系,并基于这些关系及其作用与影响,提出文物主题游径在建设过程中梳理历史文化脉络、凝练特色主题文化、明晰线路连接要素和盘活利用资源要素的具体路径。

儒家“孝道”思想的新开展

儒学作为中华优秀传统文化的重要组成部分,对中华文明产生了深刻影响,但儒学在现代社会的命运究竟是沦为“博物馆中的陈列品”还是“游魂”?如何以时代精神激活儒学生命力,把跨越时空、超越国度、富有永恒魅力、具有当代价值的文化精神弘扬起来,使其与当代文化相适应、与现代社会相协调,无疑是返本开新的使命所在。为此,《天府新论》编辑部策划了“激活儒学生命力”系列笔谈,拟围绕当下社会尤为关注的孝道、婚姻、生育、教育等热点问题,组织专家学者展开讨论。数月前,凤凰网的一篇《当一位北大教授成为24小时照护者》的文章刷屏,胡泳教授“在做自己和做个孝子之间寻求平衡”的照护经历引发无数人的共鸣。当代社会如何做孝子或者说如何践行孝道,既是一个理论命题,也是一个实践命题。孙向晨教授认为,要在当代社会呵护“孝道”,需要在现代性结构中找到“孝道”可能存在的位置,正确认识“孝道”是我们克服现代社会个体性危机的力量所在。杨海文教授认为,百善孝为先,世态道德化以孝敬父母为第一义,通过孝敬父母的方式来抵达善的境界,最是彰显了行稳致远、事半功倍的文化自信。白彤东教授认为,孔子以父母与子女的亲情重构了“三年之丧”的封建之礼,在当下社会我们依然可以保守孔子的精神,通过订立新的丧葬礼仪来扶持和强化亲情这种自然情感。笔谈根据主题需要编排次序,作者排名不分先后。

新时期建筑学教育拓展地理学边界的探索

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