In the near future, several offshore wind farms are planned to be built in the North Sea. Therefore, jacket and tripod constructions with mainly axially loaded piles are suitable as support structures. The current des...In the near future, several offshore wind farms are planned to be built in the North Sea. Therefore, jacket and tripod constructions with mainly axially loaded piles are suitable as support structures. The current design of axial bearing resistance of these piles leads to deviant results regarding the pile resistance when different design methods are adopted. Hence, a strong deviation regarding the required pile length must be addressed. The reliability of a design method can be evaluated based on a model error which describes the quality of the considered design method by comparing measured and predicted pile bearing resistances. However, only few pile load tests are reported with regard to the boundary conditions in the North Sea. This paper presents 6 large-scale axial pile load tests which were incorporated within a new model error approach for the current design methods used for the axial bearing resistance,namely API Main Text method and cone penetration test(CPT)-based design methods, such as simplified ICP-05, offshore UWA-05, Fugro-05 and NGI-05 methods. Based on these new model errors, a reliabilitybased study towards the safety was conducted by performing a Monte-Carlo simulation. In addition,consequences regarding the deterministic pile design in terms of quality factors were evaluated. It is shown that the current global safety factor(GSF) prescribed and the partial safety factors are only valid for the API Main Text and the offshore UWA-05 design methods; whereas for the simplified ICP-05,Fugro-05 and NGI-05 design methods, an increase in the required embedded pile length and thus in the GSF up to 2.69, 2.95 and 3.27, respectively, should be considered to satisfy the desired safety level according to DIN EN 1990 of b ? 3.8. Further, quality factors for each design method on the basis of all reliability-based design results were derived. Hence, evaluation of each design method regarding the reliability of the pile capacity prediction is possible.展开更多
Objectives:to verify the feasibility and reliability of the electronic version of Chinese SF-36 based on the Quality-of-Life-Recorder. Design: A crossover randomized controlled trial, comparing a paper-based and an el...Objectives:to verify the feasibility and reliability of the electronic version of Chinese SF-36 based on the Quality-of-Life-Recorder. Design: A crossover randomized controlled trial, comparing a paper-based and an electronic version of the Chinese SF-36, was conducted. According to generated random numbers, interviewees were asked to fill out either the electronic version or the paper version first. The second version was filled in after a pause of at least 10 min. Settings and participants: One group of 100 medical students at the School of Medicine of Zhejiang University and the other group of 50 outpatients at a clinic for general practice in Hangzhou City (China) were eventually recruited in this study. Results: The acceptance of the electronic version was good (60% of medical students and 84% of outpatients preferred the electronic version). At the level of eight-scale scores, the mean-difference for each scale (except for general health) between the two versions was less than 5%. At the level of 36 questions, the percentage of "exact agreement" ranged within 64%～99%; the percentage of "global agreement" ranged within 72%～99%; 77% of the kappa coefficients demonstrated "good/excellent agreement" and 23% of the kappa coefficients demonstrated "medium agreement". Conclusion: This study, for the first time, can provide empirical basis for the confirmation of the feasibility and reliability of the electronic version of the Chinese SF-36 and may provide an impulse towards widespread deployment of the Quality-of-Life-Recorder in Chinese populations.展开更多
背景与目的:我们已经开发了癌症患者生命质量测定量表体系共性模块(quality of life instruments for cancer patients-general module,QLICP-GM),但其心理测量学特性有待考评。本研究拟考评QLICP-GM的信度与效度。方法:用QLICP-GM对60...背景与目的:我们已经开发了癌症患者生命质量测定量表体系共性模块(quality of life instruments for cancer patients-general module,QLICP-GM),但其心理测量学特性有待考评。本研究拟考评QLICP-GM的信度与效度。方法:用QLICP-GM对600例肺癌、乳腺癌、大肠癌、胃癌和头颈癌患者的生命质量进行测定和评价,用相关分析、配对t检验、等效检验、结构方程模型等统计学方法分析QLICP-GM的信度和效度;同时与FACT-G量表测定和评价结果比较,分析QLICP-GM的效标效度。结果:QLICP-GM各领域及总量表的重测信度均在0.85以上,除社会功能外各领域内部一致性信度α值均在0.70以上,总量表的α值和分半信度分别为0.88和0.93;相关分析与结构方程模型分析显示量表有较好的结构效度;与FACT-G的相关分析显示有较好的效标关联效度。结论:QLICP-GM具有较好的信度和效度,可用于癌症患者生命质量测定。展开更多
目的:评估中文版上肢技巧质量量表(quality of upper extremity skills test,QUEST)在痉挛型脑瘫患儿上肢功能评定中的信度和效度。方法:将英文版QUEST翻译并完善成中文版,研究对象为75例在我院就诊的痉挛型脑瘫儿童,检测其重测信度及...目的:评估中文版上肢技巧质量量表(quality of upper extremity skills test,QUEST)在痉挛型脑瘫患儿上肢功能评定中的信度和效度。方法:将英文版QUEST翻译并完善成中文版,研究对象为75例在我院就诊的痉挛型脑瘫儿童,检测其重测信度及评定者间信度。同时进行Peabody运动发育量表的精细运动部分(peabody developmental motor scale fine motor,PDMS-FM),精细运动能力(fine motor function measure scale,FMFM),分析PDMS-FM原始分、FMFM各区分数与中文版QUEST各分测试项原始分之间的相关性,评估量表的平行效度。结果:中文版QUEST分测试项得分及总分具有优良的重测信度及评估者间信度(ICC值均>0.890),中文版QUEST分测试项原始分与PDMS-FM、FMFM各区原始分间具有较好的平行效度(Pearson/Spearson秩相关系数分别为r1=0.563—0.816、r2=0.389—0.830)。结论:中文版QUEST量表具有良好的信度和效度,可以作为评估痉挛型脑瘫患儿上肢运动功能的首选方法。展开更多
基金the European Union funded project Integrated Research Project Wind (IRPWind, European Union Seventh Framework Program under Grant No. 609795)
文摘In the near future, several offshore wind farms are planned to be built in the North Sea. Therefore, jacket and tripod constructions with mainly axially loaded piles are suitable as support structures. The current design of axial bearing resistance of these piles leads to deviant results regarding the pile resistance when different design methods are adopted. Hence, a strong deviation regarding the required pile length must be addressed. The reliability of a design method can be evaluated based on a model error which describes the quality of the considered design method by comparing measured and predicted pile bearing resistances. However, only few pile load tests are reported with regard to the boundary conditions in the North Sea. This paper presents 6 large-scale axial pile load tests which were incorporated within a new model error approach for the current design methods used for the axial bearing resistance,namely API Main Text method and cone penetration test(CPT)-based design methods, such as simplified ICP-05, offshore UWA-05, Fugro-05 and NGI-05 methods. Based on these new model errors, a reliabilitybased study towards the safety was conducted by performing a Monte-Carlo simulation. In addition,consequences regarding the deterministic pile design in terms of quality factors were evaluated. It is shown that the current global safety factor(GSF) prescribed and the partial safety factors are only valid for the API Main Text and the offshore UWA-05 design methods; whereas for the simplified ICP-05,Fugro-05 and NGI-05 design methods, an increase in the required embedded pile length and thus in the GSF up to 2.69, 2.95 and 3.27, respectively, should be considered to satisfy the desired safety level according to DIN EN 1990 of b ? 3.8. Further, quality factors for each design method on the basis of all reliability-based design results were derived. Hence, evaluation of each design method regarding the reliability of the pile capacity prediction is possible.
基金Project (No. WKJ2006-2-016) supported by the project of "Effect of Chronic Disease and Health-Related Quality of Life on Health Service Utilization" from the Ministry of Health, China
文摘Objectives:to verify the feasibility and reliability of the electronic version of Chinese SF-36 based on the Quality-of-Life-Recorder. Design: A crossover randomized controlled trial, comparing a paper-based and an electronic version of the Chinese SF-36, was conducted. According to generated random numbers, interviewees were asked to fill out either the electronic version or the paper version first. The second version was filled in after a pause of at least 10 min. Settings and participants: One group of 100 medical students at the School of Medicine of Zhejiang University and the other group of 50 outpatients at a clinic for general practice in Hangzhou City (China) were eventually recruited in this study. Results: The acceptance of the electronic version was good (60% of medical students and 84% of outpatients preferred the electronic version). At the level of eight-scale scores, the mean-difference for each scale (except for general health) between the two versions was less than 5%. At the level of 36 questions, the percentage of "exact agreement" ranged within 64%～99%; the percentage of "global agreement" ranged within 72%～99%; 77% of the kappa coefficients demonstrated "good/excellent agreement" and 23% of the kappa coefficients demonstrated "medium agreement". Conclusion: This study, for the first time, can provide empirical basis for the confirmation of the feasibility and reliability of the electronic version of the Chinese SF-36 and may provide an impulse towards widespread deployment of the Quality-of-Life-Recorder in Chinese populations.
文摘背景与目的:我们已经开发了癌症患者生命质量测定量表体系共性模块(quality of life instruments for cancer patients-general module,QLICP-GM),但其心理测量学特性有待考评。本研究拟考评QLICP-GM的信度与效度。方法:用QLICP-GM对600例肺癌、乳腺癌、大肠癌、胃癌和头颈癌患者的生命质量进行测定和评价,用相关分析、配对t检验、等效检验、结构方程模型等统计学方法分析QLICP-GM的信度和效度;同时与FACT-G量表测定和评价结果比较,分析QLICP-GM的效标效度。结果:QLICP-GM各领域及总量表的重测信度均在0.85以上,除社会功能外各领域内部一致性信度α值均在0.70以上,总量表的α值和分半信度分别为0.88和0.93;相关分析与结构方程模型分析显示量表有较好的结构效度;与FACT-G的相关分析显示有较好的效标关联效度。结论:QLICP-GM具有较好的信度和效度,可用于癌症患者生命质量测定。
文摘目的:评估中文版上肢技巧质量量表(quality of upper extremity skills test,QUEST)在痉挛型脑瘫患儿上肢功能评定中的信度和效度。方法:将英文版QUEST翻译并完善成中文版,研究对象为75例在我院就诊的痉挛型脑瘫儿童,检测其重测信度及评定者间信度。同时进行Peabody运动发育量表的精细运动部分(peabody developmental motor scale fine motor,PDMS-FM),精细运动能力(fine motor function measure scale,FMFM),分析PDMS-FM原始分、FMFM各区分数与中文版QUEST各分测试项原始分之间的相关性,评估量表的平行效度。结果:中文版QUEST分测试项得分及总分具有优良的重测信度及评估者间信度(ICC值均>0.890),中文版QUEST分测试项原始分与PDMS-FM、FMFM各区原始分间具有较好的平行效度(Pearson/Spearson秩相关系数分别为r1=0.563—0.816、r2=0.389—0.830)。结论:中文版QUEST量表具有良好的信度和效度,可以作为评估痉挛型脑瘫患儿上肢运动功能的首选方法。
