The Akp-Btk value method and the resultsfor the retrieval of the parameters of the Earth's free core nutation

The rotation of the Earth's liquid core creates the Nearly Diurnal Free Wobble (NDFW). It is one of the problems of researching the Earth's liquid core for us to retrieve the parameters of the Earth's Free Core Nutation (FCN),from the Earth's liquid core resonance of gravity tide waves on the diurnal frequency band. Since 1987, some scientists in many different countries have come to calculate the parameters of FCN by using the observational data of gravity tide waves on the diumal frequency band. They basically followed the Stacking method, which needed five diurnal waves for the resolution. In this paper, authors introduced the Aky-Btk value method with clearly geometrical meaning as a new method, which only requires three very high signal-noise-ratio waves o1, K1 and P1 for the resolution. Authors chose the observational data of the three superconducting gravimeter stations respectively located in Cantley of Canada, Wuhan of China and Brussels of Belgium, to compute the parameters of FCN. It was the first time that the observational results of the parameters of FCN obtained from gravitational tide were in accord with the parameters of FCN gained from VLBI since 1987.

Influence of the Earth's rotation on measurement of gravitational constant G with the time-of-swing method

In the measurement of the Newtonian gravitational constant G with the time-of-swing method,the influence of the Earth's rotation has been roughly estimated before,which is far beyond the current experimental precision.Here,we present a more complete theoretical modeling and assessment process.To figure out this effect,we use the relativistic Lagrangian expression to derive the motion equations of the torsion pendulum.With the correlation method and typical parameters,we estimate that the influence of the Earth's rotation on G measurement is far less than 1 ppm,which may need to be considered in the future high-accuracy experiments of determining the gravitational constant G.

Study on the local time asymmetry of the Earth's ring currents based on multiple low-Earth-orbit satellite magnetic observations

The azimuthal morphology of Earth's ring currents has consistently shown asymmetry during extreme space weather events at low latitudes,particularly during geomagnetic storms.A dawn-dusk pattern has been detected during the storm main phase through near-Earth and in-situ magnetic measurements.This asymmetry is believed to arise from asymmetric solar windmagnetosphere coupling and is linked to the closure of the ring current.Recent evidence has confirmed the existence of asymmetric ring currents during quiet times and the storm recovery phase.This phenomenon may be closely related to the evolution of ring currents,including plasma injection and decay processes.In this study,the local time asymmetry of the ring current is estimated using data from low-Earth-orbit Swarm and Macao Science Satellite-1(MSS-1)missions.Spherical harmonics models are developed to quantify the magnetic field of ring currents through external Gauss coefficients during both quiet periods and the storm recovery phase.Several features of dawn-dusk asymmetry are observed in various cases in different months.(1)The maximum difference in magnetic value across local time ranges from 3 to 10 nT,showing relative invariance compared with various Sym-H levels.(2)Stronger magnetic signals are detected at the premidnight sector during quiet times and at the afternoon sector during the storm recovery phase.(3)Magnetic perturbations remain at a lower level during the postmidnight and morning sectors.Although the pattern of local time asymmetry differs between quiet times and the recovery phase,dawn-dusk asymmetry remains the most pronounced feature,affecting the trapping and loss of charged particles in the inner magnetosphere.Combining Swarm and MSS-1 magnetic observations can enable convenient monitoring of the detailed azimuthal local time effects of the ring current at various disturbance levels in the future.

Nine requirements for the origin of Earth’s life:Not at the hydrothermal vent, but in a nuclear geyser system

The origin of life on Earth remains enigmatic with diverse models and debates.Here we discuss essential requirements for the first emergence of life on our planet and propose the following nine requirements:(1)an energy source(ionizing radiation and thermal energy);(2)a supply of nutrients(P.K.REE.etc.);(3)a supply of life-constituting major elements;(4)a high concentration of reduced gases such as CH4,HCN and NH3;(5)dry-wet cycles to create membranes and polymerize RNA;(6)a non-toxic aqueous environment;(7)Na-poor water;(8)highly diversified environments,and(9)cyclic conditions,such as dayto-night,hot-to-cold etc.Based on these nine requirements,we evaluate previously proposed locations for the origin of Earth’s life,including:(1)Darwin’s"warm little pond",leading to a"prebiotic soup"for life;(2)panspermia or Neo-panspermia(succession model of panspermia);(3)transportation from/through Mars;(4)a deepsea hydrothermal system;(5)an on-land subduct ion-zone hot spring,and(6)a geyser systems driven by a natural nuclear reactor.We conclude that location(6)is the most ideal candidate for the o rigin point for Earth’s life because of its efficiency in continuously supplying both the energy and the necessary materials for life,thereby maintaining the essential"cradle"for its initial development.We also emphasize that falsifiable working hypothesis provides an important tool to evaluate one of the biggest mysteries of the universe-the origin of life.

MONITORING OF ENERGETIC PARTICLE ENVIRONMENT INSIDE THE CHINA-BRAZIL EARTH RESOURCE SATELLITE

On 14 October 1999, the Chinese-Brazil earth resource satellite (CBERS-1) was launched in China. On board of the satellite there was an instrument designed at Peking University to detect the energetic particle radiation inside the satellite so the radiation fluxes of energetic particles in the cabin can be monitored continuously. Inside a satellite cabin, radiation environment consists of ether penetrated energetic particles or secondary radiation from satellite materials due to the interactions with primary cosmic rays.Purpose of the detectors are twofold, to monitor the particle radiation in the cabin and also to study the space radiation environment The data can be used to study the radiation environment and their effects on the electronics inside the satelhte cabin. On the other hand, the data are useful in study of geo-space energetic particle events such as solar proton events, particle precipitation and variations of the radiation belt since there should be some correlation between the radiation situation inside and outside the satellite.The instrument consists of two semi-conductor detectors for protons and electrons respectively. Each detector has two channels of energy ranges. They are 0.5-2MeV and ≥2MeV for electrons and 5-30MeV and 30-60MeV for protons. Counting rate for all channels are up to 104/(cm2@s)and power consumption is about 2.5 W. There are also the additional functions of CMOS TID (total integrated dose) effect and direct SEU monitoring. The data of CBMC was first sent back on Oct. 17 1999 and it's almost three years from then on. The detector has been working normally and the quality of data is good.The preliminary results of data analysis of CBMC not only reveal the effects of polar particle precipitation and radiation belt on radiation environment inside a satellite, but also show some important features of the geo-space energetic particle radiation.As one of the most important parameters of space weather, the energetic charged particles have great influences on space activities and ground tech nology. CBMC is perhaps the first long-term on-board special equipment to monitor the energetic particle radiation environment inside the satellite and the data it accnmulated are very useful in both satellite designing and space research.

Global investigation of the ionospheric irregularities during the severe geomagnetic storm on September 7-8, 2017

In this study,the global effects of the severe geomagnetic storm on the Earth’s ionosphere on September5 e9,2017 with Coronal Mass Ejections(CMEs)associated with X-9.3 flares on September 6,2017 were investigated by the Rate of Total Electron Content(TEC)Index(ROTI).ROTI was used as a criterion of ionospheric irregularities that took place during the storm.This study was conducted with TEC values obtained from fifty stations connected to the International GNSS System(IGS)-GPS network for five different latitude regions.As a result,it was observed that the irregularities in the high latitude regions of the southern hemisphere were greater in number in comparison with those at the high latitude regions of the northern hemisphere during the storm.It was observed that these irregularities generally occurred during the main and recovery phases of the storm at all latitudes.The weak and moderate ionospheric irregularities that developed at high latitudes during the storm were more in the southern hemisphere.Especially,moderate ionospheric irregularities in high latitudes of both hemispheres took place in eastern longitudes(18 oE-160 oE).However,ionospheric irregularities in the mid-latitude regions were observed in more stations at the northern hemisphere than at the southern hemisphere.Generally,ionospheric irregularities during the storm developed at eastern longitudes in all sectors.

Observation of clouds and solar radiation over the Pacific Ocean as relation to global climate

During a research cruise over the Pacific Ocean in 1989, solar irradiance was measured with a broad-band pyranometer along the cruise track. Cloud cover was photographed with an all-sky time-lapse came ra. Cloud types were observed and recorded. The data show that both the types and the amounts of clouds affect radiation fluxes on the sea surface. For low-level and middle-level clouds, the correlations (r) between measured irradiance (in Percent of calculated maximum irradiance) and cloud amount (in fraction of sky) were significant: r=-0. 79 and - 0. 66, respectively. For high-level clouds, the correlation was not significant: r=-0. 21. The results indicate that cloud shortwave forcing is a major modifier of the earth's surface insolation and change of cloud amount may affect global climate.

Cinememory： Sexualized Trauma and Coming of Age in Holocaust-Related Israeli Films

Since 1978 Israeli Holocaust-related narrative films have associated the violence experienced during the Holocaust, including sexual violence, with the violence permeating Israeli society. In keeping with Marianne Hirsch＇s notion of ＂postmemory＂, this paper argues that cinema, as a visual form of artistic mediation, has an especially strong impact on the spectator, because it triggers affective, tactile, and bodily responses. Hence, the efficacy of generating an ethics of remembrance of sexually-related violence, based on cinematic aesthetics, which the author terms here ＂cinememory＂. The paper focuses on a sub-genre of Holocaust-related films： coming-of-age films, which explore in different ways the lasting implications of growing-up in the shadow of sexualized trauma; the unconscious transmission of memories and tactile experiences, related to the ubiquity of sexual violence during the Holocaust.

沟通即文明:《三体》内外的媒介和传播

《三体》是一部关于沟通的科幻小说,或者说是一部“宇宙沟通学/传播学”作品。环境、媒介、身体、沟通、存在(社会)形态多因素相互建构,注定了三体人和地球人之间的沟通难题,而这仅仅是地球人之间“沟通难题”的一个极端例子。《三体》的虚构故事以及《三体》跨文化、跨媒介传播的成功,均从正面或反面证明,媒介与传播在过去、现在和未来都至关重要。

《三体》里的哲学:不存在啦!

刘慈欣的科幻小说《三体》的核心假设“黑暗森林法则”预设了:1.宇宙资源有限;2.一种弥漫星际的“人性本恶论”思想;3.爆炸性的技术发展在牺牲人文价值的前提下是可能的(其中第二个预设与第三个预设又彼此关联,因为牺牲人文价值本身就意味着对于善的排斥)。然而,站在康德哲学立场上看,宇宙资源是否有限是一个超越知性能力的问题,我们对此无法有确切证据;站在进化伦理学的立场上看,至少对于地球生命来说,伦理性的出现的确能够提高物种的生物学适应性,因此,伦理性本就是高等生命进化的题中应有之义(而且,大多数进化论专家都认为进化论是适用于外星生物的);站在马克思主义的立场上看,更高级的生产力水平往往与更先进的社会制度相联系,而更先进的社会制度本身也意味着伦理性的提高(没有理由认为马克思的这一理论仅仅适用于地球文明)。因此,《三体》的核心假设与我们已知的主流哲学观点有较大的冲突。

末日焦虑、自我降维与精神贫困的时代病--《三体》文化现象忧思

围绕刘慈欣科幻作品《三体》和《流浪地球》及其衍生品所展开的讨论已成为一个现象级的文化事件。这一事件透露出的一些社会心理倾向颇令人忧虑。虽然《三体》取得了市场成功,但作者通过作品和访谈等活动传达出的世界观、人生观、价值观不仅与中国优秀传统文化相背离,也与人类命运共同体意识扞格不通。这些建立在末日焦虑基础上的扭曲的观念,因与粉丝群体中普遍存在的精神贫困相呼应,事实上已经形成一种可以称为自我降维的精神症状。某种意义上,对《三体》文化现象进行剖析和反思,比研究其市场价值更加重要。

论《记忆记忆》的家族历史与民族记忆书写

当代俄罗斯作家玛丽亚·斯捷潘诺娃的作品《记忆记忆》是一部体裁独特的新类型复合小说。作家致力于对自己家族史的构建,同时融入历史、记忆、文学和哲理性思辨等。她将对自己家族历史的追根溯源与20世纪的国家历史发展结合起来,在追溯与思辨的基础上书写出一部独特的私人化家族史。与此同时,作为一名犹太人,玛丽亚·斯捷潘诺娃高度关注犹太群体在20世纪的悲惨遭遇,勾勒出犹太民族在20世纪的苦难生存史,将其与自己犹太家族的过往经历有机结合,在追忆中缅怀和悼念自己的犹太祖辈先人,为审视历史提供了新的视角。

与柏格森哲学背道而驰的柏格森式小说——《追忆似水年华》的回忆与时间

普鲁斯特强调其作品实际上与柏格森哲学背道而驰,而柏格森认为《追忆似水年华》缺少真正伟大的艺术作品激励和振奋灵魂的品格,这种在艺术认知上的差异源于二人对于小说与记忆(回忆)之间关系的不同理解。柏格森认为记忆应当引发人的行动并指向人的自由意志,而在艺术作品中,空间与物质的结合使得记忆失去延展性,从而歪曲了人的真正的情感表达。普鲁斯特却以非连续性的时刻与地点展现出完整的时空,大回望包含小回望的结构体现了普鲁斯特在时间问题上的独特建构。《追忆似水年华》显示出普鲁斯特在回忆与时间问题上不同于柏格森哲学的艺术观念,不应被简单地贴上柏格森式小说的标签。

“暗香浮动月黄昏”——从《影梅庵忆语》董氏形象透视清初士人的遗民心态

“忆语体”散文《影梅庵忆语》在深切缅怀董小宛的表象背后,更暗含士人冒襄对朝代更替的不适与矛盾。通过对董氏形象进行“错位性”构建,冒襄达成了自我价值的“镜像式”反观。董氏知书礼、明大义、守忠贞的品格,消弭了原生身份与后天声望之间的价值失衡,是清初士人群体遗民心态的时代缩影。董氏一类形象也成了寄托士人理想品格与家国精神的一抹浮动的暗香。

毕业留念类型小程序设计与研究——以太原工业学院为例

每位学生对于自身就读的学校都会有一定的归属感与认同感,如何将这种情感在学业完成后进行延续,是校园文化产品所需要完成的使命。当代年轻学生对于传统实物产品的需求度在不断的提升,要求产品不仅具有实用价值,同时需要融入文化价值及情感价值。产品包装也是整体文化传播及个性化体现的一部分,多样化、个性化的包装图形设计,可以更深层次的将校园生活体现的更具趣味性。互联网小程序产品是当下市场中应用广泛,操作便捷,信息时效性较强的传播方式,同时可以使得文化更好的在当代年轻人中进行使用及传播,更易被接受,将小程序与校园文化进行融合,可以更好的激发学生文化归属感。

基于波形记忆和模糊极小—极大神经网络的变压器励磁涌流和内部短路的鉴别

传统的区分变压器励磁涌流和内部短路的各种方法存在原理性缺陷 ,不能满足现代超高压电力系统的要求 ,此文根据内部故障和单纯涌流这两种情况下波形的不同 ,提出了波形记忆的原理并采用了一种模糊神经网络模型——模糊极小—极大神经网络来对这两种波形进行记忆和鉴别。运用EMTP程序对变压器各种内部故障或涌流的情况进行较为全面的仿真以形成网络的训练样本 ,通过学习和测试 ,表明该网络所形成的新算法能够正确鉴别变压器各种运行工况下的励磁涌流和内部短路 ,所需的鉴别时间小于 2 0 m

短波通信100年与通信电子战的新课题

短波通信已走过百年历程。在经历因卫星通信的冲击而遭受的冷落之后，短波通信以其顽存性和低成本，于８０年代重新唤起了人们的热情。短波通信在电波传播研究、频率自适应通信、中高速数据通信、组网通信、自适应跳频通信以及近垂直入射天波通信等方面都取得了重大突破。如何对抗这些新体制短波通信，已成为短波通信电子战所面临的新课题。

基于改进模拟退火算法的电网无功优化

无功运行优化问题的关键在于获得最优解或较好的次优解。传统的线性规划法和非线性规划法不能很好地处理整型变量问题,而常规模拟退火算法(SA)的鲁棒性不高。结合高中压配电网的特点,对SA进行了改进:采用记忆指导搜索方法,并采用模式法修正局部最优解。数值对比试验表明,本方法是合理的和可行的,具有一定的实用意义。

各烟屯蓝靛瑶的信仰仪式、社会记忆和学者反思

从田野考察可以看出 ,各烟屯蓝青定瑶至今信仰祖灵和鬼魂 ,举行的仪式充满了道教色彩。各烟屯蓝青定瑶的习俗具有一系列观念基础 ,也具有用肢体来操演的民间仪式。思维观念和肢体仪式共存互生 ,成为社会记忆的一部分 ,通过一次又一次的操演 ,和经济理性对话 ,使传统在表层蜕变的同时 ,保持底层的沿续。

参麦注射液对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤后学习及记忆能力的改善作用

目的:探讨中药参麦注射液对新生大鼠缺氧缺血性脑损伤(HIBD)后学习和记忆能力的改善作用。方法:7日龄SD大鼠随机分为参麦注射液干预组、胞二磷胆碱干预组、生理盐水干预组、假手术组和正常对照组5组。前3组均在成模后当日开始每组每只分别给予参麦注射液、胞二磷胆碱和生理盐水腹腔注射干预,1次.d-1,连续14 d。其余两组不做处理。应用Y-型电迷宫对各组第60及90日龄实验大鼠测试学习能力,并于24 h后(第61、91日龄)复测,检测各实验大鼠24 h记忆保持能力。结果:经过参麦注射液和胞二磷胆碱分别干预后,其学习能力及24 h记忆能力与生理盐水干预组比较有明显改善(P<0.05),参麦注射液组与胞二磷胆碱组之间也有统计学差异(P<0.05)。结论:参麦注射液和胞二磷胆碱均可改善大鼠HIBD后的学习和记忆能力,前者优于后者。