Efficacy of prednisone combined with mycophenolate mofetil for immunoglobulin A nephropathy with moderate-to-severe renal dysfunction

BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin A nephropathy(IgAN)is a common form of chronic glomer-ulonephritis.Currently,IgAN is one of the main causes of chronic renal failure in China;its prognosis varies greatly between patients,with renal function at the time of diagnosis and prognosis being strongly correlated.Mycophenolate mofetil(MMF)is a drug with a good immunomodulatory effect and is commonly used clinically.However,its effects in IgAN have not yet been clearly demonstrated.Therefore,herein,we retrospectively compared the effectiveness and safety of prednisone alone or combined with MMF for the treatment of primary IgAN with moderate-to-severe renal impairment.METHODS Between January 2011 and December 2020,200 patients with moderate-to-severe IgAN were included in this study,all of whom were admitted to Wuxi People's Hospital affiliated with Nanjing Medical University.All patients underwent a renal puncture biopsy,which revealed primary IgAN with a glomerular filtration rate(GFR)of 30–60 mL/min.The patients were divided into a glucocorticoid therapy group(GTG)and an immunosuppressive therapy group(ITG)according to the different treatment regimens,with 100 patients in each group.Based on general treatments,such as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers,patients in the GTG were administered prednisone 0.5–0.8 mg/(kg·d^(-1))for 4–8 wk,which was reduced by 5 mg every two weeks until the maintenance(30 mg/d)dose was reached and maintained for 12 mo.In the ITG,MMF was administered at 1.0 g/d for 6–12 mo,followed by a maintenance dosage of 0.5 g/d for 12 mo.Age,sex,blood pressure,24-h urinary egg white measurement,serum creatinine(Scr),blood uric acid,blood albumin,blood potassium(K),hemoglobin,GFR,alanine aminotransferase,total cholesterol(T-CHO),fasting blood glucose,and body mass index were recorded.The 24-h urinary protein,Scr,and GFR levels were recorded 3,6,9,and 12 mo after treatment.Follow-up data were also collected.RESULTS No discernible differences existed between the two groups in terms of age,sex,blood pressure,creatinine,24-h urinary protein level,GFR,or other biochemical indicators at the time of enrollment.Both regimens significantly reduced the 24-h urinary protein quantitation and stabilized renal function.Nine months after treatment,the 24-h urinary protein and Scr of the ITG decreased more significantly than those of the GTG.By the 12th month of treatment,the 24-h urinary protein and Scr in both groups continued to decrease compared to those by the 9th month.In addition,the overall response rate in the ITG was significantly higher than that in the GTG.The occurrence of side effects did not vary significantly between the two regimens;however,endpoint events were significantly more common in the GTG than in the ITG.The follow-up time for the GTG was noticeably lower than that for the ITG.CONCLUSION Prednisone combined with MMF was effective for the treatment of IgAN with moderate-to-severe renal dysfunction.

Alterations in renal function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome and effects of continuous positive airway pressure

Objective To assess renal function in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) during two nights when they were untreated and treated with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Methods Tubular function was estimated on the basis of the renal lithium clearance and its derived formulae, urinary osmolality, osmolal clearance and free water clearance; while glomerular function was evaluated by endogenous creatinine clearance. Twenty patients with OSAS and sixteen normal controls were studied. Results The untreated patients with OSAS had significantly lower fractional proximal tubular sodium reabsorption (59.1%±7.1%,P<0.001 vs controls), lower fractional distal tubular sodium reabsorption (93.8%±1.7%, P<0.05 vs controls) and urinary osmolality (573.0±107.9 mosm·kg 1 , P<0.05 vs controls). The absolute distal tubular reabsorption rate of sodium and osmolal clearance in the untreated patients were higher 47.0±26.0 mmol·L 1 and 25.0±4.1 ml·L 1 ; P< 0.01 and P<0.05 respectively vs controls). During CPAP treated nights all abnormal renal function indexes in the OSAS patients restored to normal control values (P>0.05). Conclusions The natriuresis and diuresis of OSAS patients were due to the decrease in proximal and distal tubular sodium reabsorption and in tubular concentration ability during their nocturnal sleep and were returned to normal by CPAP therapy.

Evaluation of the Effectiveness and Efficiency of the Combination of Levamlodipine Besylate and Valsartan in the Treatment of Hypertension

Objective:To investigate the effectiveness and efficiency of combining levamlodipine besylate and valsartan in the treatment of hypertension.Methods:This study selected 28 patients with hypertension as observation subjects.The treatment duration ranged from January 2020 to June 2023.Using the random number table method,patients were divided into two groups.The control group received treatment with valsartan,while the observation group received a combination of valsartan and levamlodipine besylate.Therapeutic effects and safety were compared between the groups,and changes in the patient’s blood pressure and renal function index levels were assessed.Results:The total clinical effective rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).The observation group demonstrated better diastolic blood pressure,systolic blood pressure,and renal function indicators compared to the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The combined treatment of levamlodipine besylate and valsartan in patients with hypertension showed significant clinical efficacy and holds broad application value.

Effect of sitagliptin combined with Yiqi yangyin huoxue decoction on clinical efficacy and hemorheology in early diabetic nephropathy

BACKGROUND Early diabetic nephropathy(DN)is a complication of diabetes mellitus.It mainly affects kidney microvessels and glomerular function,and its timely and effective treatment is critical for early DN.However,the effects of treatments comprising simple Western medicine are not optimal.With the promotion and implementation of integrated Chinese and western medicine treatments,remarkable results have been achieved for many diseases.To this end,we explored the clinical efficacy of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicines for the treatment of early DN.AIM To investigate the effect of sitagliptin tablets combined with Yiqi yangyin huoxue decoction on clinical efficacy and hemorheology in patients with early DN.METHODS Through a retrospective analysis,123 patients with early DN were admitted to the endocrinology clinic of the Changzhou NO.7 People’s Hospital from January 2021 to October 2022 and were selected as study subjects.After rigorous screening,100 patients with early DN were enrolled.The control group(CG,n=50)and the observation group(OG,n=50)were divided according to the treatment method.The CG were treated with sitagliptin,and the OG were treated with sitagliptin plus the Yiqi yangyin huoxue decoction.Both groups were treated for 3 mo.For both groups,the baseline data and clinical efficacy were compared,and changes in blood glucose levels,lipid levels,renal function,and hematological indicators before(T0)and after(T1)treatment were assessed.RESULTS The total effective rate for the OG was 94.00%and that of the CG was 80.00%(P<0.05).After treatment(T1),the levels of fasting blood glucose,2 h postprandial glucose,total cholesterol,triacylglycerol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in OG patients were obviously lower than those in the CG(P<0.05),and cystatin C,homocysteine,urinary microalbumin,and blood creatinine values in OG patients were also obviously lower than those in the CG(P<0.05);erythrocyte deposition,plasma viscosity,whole blood high shear viscosity,and whole blood low shear viscosity were markedly lower in OG patients than in the CG(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Sitagliptin combined with Yiqi yangyin huoxue decoction has a remarkable effect when used to treat patients with early DN.Further,it is helpful in improving hemorheological indices and controlling disease progression.

Clinical Application of Monitoring Glomerular Filtration Rate and Effective Renal Plasma Flow

Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and effective renal plasma flow (ERPF) were measured by SPECT in 172 patients (192 times) with renal impairment due to various diseases and also in 18 normal controls. The results suggest that GFR and ERPF are sensitive and efficient renal function indicators in monitoring the change of the disease and assessing therapeutic effect. However, they should be checked carefully because of many factors affect the resutls of the measurement.

Influence of ganglioside combined with methylprednisolone sodium succinate on efficacy and neurological function in patients with acute myelitis

BACKGROUND Acute myelitis(AM)can lead to sudden sensory,motor and autonomic nervous dysfunction,which negatively affects their daily activities and quality of life,so it is necessary to explore optimization from a therapeutic perspective to curb the progression of the disease.AIM To investigate the effect of ganglioside(GM)combined with methylprednisolone sodium succinate(MPSS)on the curative effect and neurological function of patients with AM.METHODS First,we selected 108 AM patients visited between September 2019 and September 2022 and grouped them based on treatment modality,with 52 patients receiving gamma globulin(GG)+MPSS and 56 patients receiving GM+MPSS,assigned to the control group(Con)and observation group(Obs),respectively.The therapeutic effect,neurological function(sensory and motor function scores),adverse events(AEs),recovery(time to sphincter function recovery,time to limb muscle strength recovery above grade 2,and time to ambulation),inflammatory factors(IFs)[interleukin(IL)-6,C-reactive protein(CRP),and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α]and other data of the two groups were collected for evaluation and comparison.RESULTS The Obs had:(1)A significantly higher response rate of treatment than the Con;(2)Higher scores of sensory and motor functions after treatment that were higher than the baseline(before treatment)and higher than the Con levels;(3)Lower incidence rates of skin rash,gastrointestinal discomfort,dyslipidemia,osteoporosis and other AEs;(4)Faster posttreatment recovery of sphincter function,limb muscle strength and ambulation;and(5)Markedly lower posttreatment IL-6,CRP and TNF-αlevels than the baseline and the Con levels.CONCLUSION From the above,it can be seen that GM+MPSS is highly effective in treating AM,with a favorable safety profile comparable to that of GG+MPSS.It can significantly improve patients’neurological function,speed up their recovery and inhibit serum IFs.

Long-term radiofrequency electromagnetic fields exposure attenuates cognitive dysfunction in 5×FAD mice by regulating microglial function

We have previously found that long-term effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields in 5xFAD mice with severe late-stage Alzheimer’s disease reduced both amyloid-βdeposition and glial activation,including microglia.To examine whether this therapeutic effect is due to the regulation of activated microglia,we analyzed mic roglial gene expression profiles and the existence of microglia in the brain in this study.5xFAD mice at the age of 1.5 months were assigned to sham-and radiofrequency electromagnetic fields-exposed groups and then animals were exposed to 1950 MHz radiofrequency electromagnetic fields at a specific absorption rate of 5 W/kg for 2 hours/day and 5 days/week for 6 months.We conducted behavioral tests including the object recognition and Y-maze tests and molecular and histopathological analysis of amyloid precursor protein/a myloid-beta metabolism in brain tissue.We confirmed that radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure for 6 months ameliorated cognitive impairment and amyloid-βdeposition.The expression levels of Iba1(pan-microglial marker)and colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor(CSF1R;regulates microglial prolife ration)in the hippocampus in 5xFAD mice treated with radiofrequency electromagnetic fields were significantly reduced compared with those of the sham-exposed group.Subsequently,we analyzed the expression levels of genes related to mic rogliosis and microglial function in the radiofrequency electromagnetic fields-exposed group compared to those of a CSF1R inhibitor(PLX3397)-treated group.Both radiofrequency electromagnetic fields and PLX3397 suppressed the levels of genes related to microgliosis(Csf1r,CD68,and Ccl6)and pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β.N otably,the expression levels of genes related to mic roglial function,including Trem2,Fcgr1α,Ctss,and Spi1,were decreased after long-term radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure,which was also observed in response to microglial suppression by PLX3397.These results showed that radiofrequency electromagnetic fields ameliorated amyloid-βpathology and cognitive impairment by suppressing amyloid-βdeposition-induced microgliosis and their key regulator,CSF1R.

谷胱甘肽联合西地那非治疗勃起功能障碍患者临床疗效及对血管内皮功能的影响

目的探究谷胱甘肽联合西地那非治疗勃起功能障碍(ED)患者临床疗效及对血管内皮功能、炎性因子、勃起功能的影响。方法选取2022年10月—2023年10月新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院泌尿中心诊治ED患者89例作为研究对象,随机数字表法分为单药组44例和联合组45例。单药组给予西地那非口服治疗,联合组在单药组基础上给予还原型谷胱甘肽片口服治疗,2组患者均连续治疗1个月。观察2组患者治疗前、治疗结束时及治疗后1个月的血管内皮功能(NO、ET、VEGF、ES)、炎性因子(hs-CRP、IL-6、IL-8、IL-10)、勃起功能(IIEF-5、QEQ、EHS、PSV)变化,比较2组临床疗效、不良事件发生率。结果治疗结束后1个月,联合组临床治疗总有效率为91.11%,高于单药组的75.00%(χ^(2)/P=4.121/0.042);治疗结束时及治疗结束后1个月,联合组患者血清NO、VEGF水平显著高于单药组,ET水平显著低于单药组(治疗结束时:t/P=5.323/<0.001,3.808/<0.001,3.683/<0.001;治疗结束后1个月:t/P=2.615/0.011,3.197/0.002,3.089/0.003);血清hs-CRP、IL-6水平显著低于单药组(治疗结束时:t/P=8.323/<0.001,2.364/0.020;治疗结束后1个月:t/P=6.787/<0.001,2.662/0.009);IIEF-5、QEQ、EHS及PSV均显著高于治疗前,其中EHS及PSV也显著高于单药组(治疗结束时:t/P=6.410/<0.001,4.066/<0.001;治疗结束后1个月:t/P=8.928/<0.001,4.532/<0.001);2组患者不良事件发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论谷胱甘肽联合西地那非能够有效改善ED患者血管内皮功能及勃起功能,同时显著降低患者炎性因子水平,且对于ED患者具有显著临床疗效及安全性。

温阳通督药物罐治疗肾虚督寒型强直性脊柱炎疗效观察

目的:观察温阳通督药物罐对肾虚督寒型强直性脊柱炎的临床疗效。方法:将174例肾虚督寒型强直性脊柱炎患者随机分为试验组(药物罐治疗,55例)、对照一组(玻璃火罐治疗,57例)和对照二组(水煮拇指罐治疗,56例),均给予基础治疗,观察各组Bath强直性脊柱炎疾病活动指数(the bath ankylosing spondylitis disease activity index,BASDAI)、Bath强直性脊柱炎功能指数(the bath ankylosing spondylitis functional index,BASFI)、证候积分及红细胞沉降率(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)水平的变化情况,以及临床疗效和安全性。结果:治疗后,各组BASDAI、BASFI评分及证候积分均较治疗前降低,试验组降低更明显(P<0.05);各组ESR、CRP值均较治疗前降低(P<0.05),但组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组、对照一组、对照二组总有效率分别为92.73%(51/55)、82.45%(47/57)、71.43%(40/56),试验组高于另外两组(P<0.05);治疗期间各组均未发生明显不良反应。结论:温阳通督药物罐能改善肾虚督寒型强直性脊柱炎患者临床症状,降低炎性指标水平,且不良反应少。

补肾活血汤辅助VAD治疗多发性骨髓瘤肾损害临床疗效及对骨代谢、肾功能的影响

目的 探讨补肾活血汤辅助VAD治疗(长春新碱+阿霉素+地塞米松)多发性骨髓瘤肾损害的临床疗效,同时动态观察该治疗方案对骨代谢、肾功能的影响。方法 选择2019年1月—2021年1月88例确诊为多发性骨髓瘤且伴有肾损害的患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字法平均分为观察组与对照组两组:对照组给予VAD治疗方案,观察组在对照组基础上辅以补肾活血汤治疗。比较两组治疗4个疗程后临床疗效差异,与治疗前、治疗2个疗程、4个疗程后比较骨代谢指标、肾功能指标等差异。结果 观察组总有效率90.9%明显高于对照组75.0%,差异比较有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随着治疗时间延长,两组患者主症、次症及总积分均逐渐降低(P<0.05);治疗2疗程及4疗程后观察组主症、次症及总积分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。随着治疗时间延长,两组患者RANKL逐渐降低(P<0.05),ALP、OCN逐渐升高(P<0.05);治疗2疗程及4疗程后观察组RANKL均低于对照组(P<0.05),而ALP、OCN均高于对照组(P<0.05)。随着治疗时间延长,两组患者Scr、β2-MG、NGAL、KIM-1、Cys-C、尿mAlb逐渐降低(P<0.05);治疗2疗程及4疗程后观察组Scr、β2-MG、NGAL、KIM-1、Cys-C、尿mAlb均低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论 补肾活血汤辅助VAD治疗多发性骨髓瘤肾损害的临床疗效更显著,可以更好地改善症状,更好调节骨代谢,更有效地逆转肾功能损害。

中西医结合疗法对终末期肾病患者肾功能的影响及JAK/STAT途径的调控作用

目的观察参芪地黄汤结合重组人促红细胞生成素与左卡尼汀治疗对终末期肾病患者肾功能的影响及Janus激酶/信号转导与转录激活子(JAK/STAT)途径的调控作用。方法选择2019年10月至2021年10月在邢台医学高等专科学校第二附属医院就诊的144例终末期肾病患者作为研究对象。将患者按随机数字表法分参芪地黄汤治疗组和常规治疗组,每组72例。两组患者均行维持性血液透析,常规治疗组给予重组人促红细胞生成素和左卡尼汀治疗,参芪地黄汤治疗组加用参芪地黄汤(组成:生黄芪、桑寄生、旱莲草、猪苓、茯苓皮、生薏苡仁、丹参、石韦各30 g,党参、山茱萸、泽兰、淮山药各15 g,生地黄、荔枝核、蚕砂、莪术各10 g,决明子6 g),每日1次,共治疗3个月。观察不同治疗方式两组患者治疗后的临床疗效和肾功能、微炎症状态及血清JAK/STAT途径相关蛋白水平的变化,并记录不良反应发生情况。结果参芪地黄汤治疗组总有效率高于常规治疗组〔90.28%(64/72)比77.78%(55/72),P<0.05〕。两组治疗后残余肾功能(RRF)、24 h尿蛋白、血尿素氮(BUN)、血肌酐(SCr)和炎症因子〔超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)、白细胞介素-6(LL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)〕水平均较治疗前明显降低,参芪地黄汤治疗组治疗后RRF明显高于常规治疗组(mL/min:4.82±1.18比3.96±1.05),而24 h尿蛋白(mg:62.26±12.16比97.71±16.28)、BUN(mmol/L:16.25±3.64比20.65±4.13)、SCr(μmol/L:242.25±25.62比280.62±26.63)、hs-CRP(mg/L:5.86±1.15比7.78±1.32)、IL-6(ng/L:3.26±0.64比4.62±1.13)、TNF-α(μg/L:29.23±5.64比32.66±6.13)含量均明显低于常规治疗组(均P<0.05)。治疗后参芪地黄汤治疗组JAK、STAT均较治疗前呈增加趋势,而磷酸化JAK(p-JAK)、磷酸化STAT(p-STAT)均较治疗前呈降低趋势(均P<0.05),常规治疗组血清JAK/STAT途径相关蛋白水平变化不显著(均P>0.05),故参芪地黄汤治疗组治疗后JAK、STAT均明显高于常规治疗组〔JAK(μg/L):1.46±0.28比1.26±0.26,STAT(μg/L):1.37±0.25比0.99±0.24,均P<0.05〕,p-JAK、p-STAT均明显低于常规治疗组〔p-JAK(μg/L):0.45±0.08比0.65±0.13,p-STAT(μg/L):0.66±0.13比0.82±0.28,均P<0.05〕。两组患者不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义〔13.88%(10/72)比9.72%(7/72),P>0.05〕。结论在重组人促红细胞生成素与左卡尼汀治疗基础上服用参芪地黄汤可有效抑制JAK/STAT信号通路,改善终末期肾病患者肾功能以及微炎症状态,从而提高治疗效果。

袁兴石验方济川延寿膏治疗老年功能性便秘脾肾阳虚证的临床效果研究

目的探究袁兴石验方济川延寿膏治疗老年功能性便秘脾肾阳虚证的临床效果。方法选择70例老年功能性便秘脾肾阳虚证患者作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法分为对照组与观察组,各35例。观察组给予袁兴石验方济川延寿膏治疗,对照组给予乳果糖口服溶液治疗。比较两组治疗效果、中医证候积分、生活质量及不良反应发生情况。结果观察组患者治疗总有效率97.14%明显高于对照组的80.00%(P<0.05)。治疗后观察组患者大便干、排便困难、脉沉主症中医证候积分及小便清长、舌淡苔白、腹中痛冷次症中医证候积分均明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组患者的生活质量评分均高于治疗前,且观察组患者的生活质量评分(88.14±5.62)分显著高于对照组的(74.05±4.37)分(P<0.05)。观察组与对照组不良反应比较(2.86%VS 5.71%)无差异(P>0.05)。结论在老年功能性便秘脾肾阳虚证治疗中,袁兴石验方济川延寿膏可以有效提高治疗效果,且患者中医证候积分改善显著,生活质量明显提高,用药安全可靠,有显著应用价值,值得推广应用。

清瘟败毒饮颗粒结合双嘧达莫治疗儿童川崎病临床疗效及安全性观察

目的分析清瘟败毒饮颗粒结合双嘧达莫治疗儿童川崎病临床疗效及安全性。方法研究纳入2019年1月—2022年10月小儿内科收治的82例儿童川崎病进行分组研究,分组方法为随机数字表法,将其分为西医组和中医组,各41例,西医组给予双嘧达莫治疗,中医组治疗方法同西医组,并结合清瘟败毒饮颗粒治疗,各组数据观察:临床治疗效果、治疗前后患儿中医证候(壮热不退、肌肤斑疹、唇赤干裂、咽红目赤、关节疼痛、手足硬肿等)积分变化、患儿冠脉损伤发生率、发热持续时间、淋巴结肿大消退时间及四肢肿胀消退时间、黏膜充血消退时间、住院时间、治疗前后患儿降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)、C反应蛋白(C-reactive protein,CRP)、红细胞沉降率(erythrocyte sedimentation rate,ESR)等水平炎症因子水平变化、免疫球蛋白G(immunoglobulin G,IgG)及免疫球蛋白M(immunoglobulin M,IgM)、补体C_(3)(complement 3,C_(3))等免疫指标水平变化、不良反应发生情况。结果中医组患儿治疗总有效率比西医组高,P<0.05;中医组患儿冠脉损伤发生率低于西医组,P<0.05;中医组患儿发热持续时间、淋巴结肿大消退时间及四肢肿胀消退时间、黏膜充血消退时间、住院时间均比西医组短,均P<0.05;治疗前各组患儿中医证候(壮热不退、肌肤斑疹、唇赤干裂、咽红目赤、关节疼痛、手足硬肿等)积分、PCT及CRP、ESR、IgG、IgM、C_(3)等指标比较,P>0.05,治疗后各组患儿中医证候(壮热不退、肌肤斑疹、唇赤干裂、咽红目赤、关节疼痛、手足硬肿等)积分、PCT及CRP、ESR、IgG、IgM、C_(3)等指标均改善,中医组患儿治疗后中医证候(壮热不退、肌肤斑疹、唇赤干裂、咽红目赤、关节疼痛、手足硬肿等)积分、PCT及CRP、ESR、IgG、IgM、C_(3)等指标均优于西医组,均P<0.05;中医组与西医组患儿治疗不良反应率均较低,P>0.05。结论清瘟败毒饮颗粒结合双嘧达莫治疗儿童川崎病临床疗效显著,患儿症状改善,免疫功能提升,冠脉损伤发生率低,恢复快,治疗安全可靠,值得应用。

重复经颅磁刺激联合高压氧治疗一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病的临床研究

目的观察重复经颅磁刺激(rTMS)联合高压氧治疗一氧化碳中毒迟发性脑病(DEACMP)的有效性、安全性。方法选取2021年11月至2023年11月河北北方学院附属第一医院收治的50例DEACMP患者为研究对象,采用随机数字表法将其分为对照组和试验组,每组25例。对照组给予常规治疗+高压氧治疗,试验组在对照组基础上联合rTMS治疗,比较两组的认知功能、巴氏指数(BI)、听觉事件相关电位P300(ERP-P300)结果、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)、神经元特异性烯醇化酶(NSE)、炎性因子[白细胞介素(IL)-2、IL-6]和安全性。结果治疗后,两组的MMSE、BI均高于治疗前(P<0.05),且试验组高于对照组(P<0.05)。与治疗前比较,治疗后两组ERP-P300结果(潜伏期、波幅)较优(P<0.05),且试验组优于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组BDNF、NSE、IL-2、IL-6水平均低于治疗前(P<0.05),且试验组低于对照组(P<0.05)。试验组不良反应总发生率(8.00%,2/25)与对照组(4.00%,1/25)比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论rTMS联合高压氧可调节BDNF、NSE、炎性因子水平及ERP-P300结果,改善DEACMP患者的认知功能、日常生活自理能力,且安全性较高。

五藤痛风饮结合隔附子饼灸治疗痛风性肾病疗效及对患者肾功能、血清炎性因子影响探究

目的:评估五藤痛风饮结合隔附子饼灸治疗痛风性肾病疗效及对患者肾功能、血清炎性因子影响。方法:研究纳入64例痛风性肾病患者(2020年5月-2022年6月收治),以随机数表法分为对照组和观察组,各32例。对照组采取常规治疗及非布司他片治疗,观察组在对照组基础上结合五藤痛风饮及隔附子饼灸治疗,观察临床疗效、治疗前后中医证候总积分与肾功能指标、肾功能损伤指标、血清白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、降钙素原(PCT)、超敏C-反应蛋白(hs-CRP)及肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、不良反应结果:观察组与对照组治疗总有效率比较(96.88%31/32vs78.13%,25/32),P<0.05;治疗前,两组中医证候总积分、肌酐(Scr)、尿素氮(BUN)、尿酸(BUA)等肾功能指标、24h尿蛋白、膀胱素C(Cys-C)及尿β_(2)-微球蛋白(β_(2)-MG)、中性粒细胞明胶酶脂质运载蛋白(NGAL)等肾功能损伤指标、IL-6、PCT、CRPhs-CRP、TNF-α水平比较,P>0.05,治疗后各组中医证候总积分、Scr、BUN、BUA、24h尿蛋白、Cys-C、β_(2)-MG、NGAL、IL-6、PCT、hs-CRP、TNF-α等指标均改善,观察组治疗后中医证候总积分、Scr、BUN、BUA、24h尿蛋白、Cys-C、β_(2)-MG、NGAL、IL-6、PCT、hs-CRP、TNF-α等指标均优于对照组,P<0.05;两组不良反应均较少,P>0.05。结论:五藤痛风饮结合隔附子饼灸治疗痛风性肾病疗效较好,肾功能恢复较好,不良反应少,值得应用。

血栓抽吸联合替罗非班对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死急诊冠脉介入治疗的效果分析

目的 探究对急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死急诊冠脉介入治疗患者施以血栓抽吸联合替罗非班的作用。方法 方便选取2021年1月—2023年8月呼和浩特市第一医院收治的72例急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死行急诊冠脉介入治疗的患者作为研究对象,根据不同治疗方法将其分为两组,各36例。对照组采用替罗非班治疗,研究组血栓抽吸联合替罗非班治疗,比较两组心功能相关指标、治疗效果、不良反应、远期非致死性心肌梗死发生率、心源性病死率。结果 研究组心功能改善优于对照组,远期非致死性心肌梗死发生率和心源性病死率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。研究组不良反应发生率为8.33%(3/36),低于对照组的27.78%(10/36),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.600,P<0.05)。结论 在急性ST段抬高型心肌梗死急诊冠脉介入治疗时,对患者进行血栓抽吸联合替罗非班治疗,效果显著,具有临床价值。

注射用阿替普酶对不同血清非对称性二甲基精氨酸水平急性脑梗死患者的治疗效果

目的 分析注射用阿替普酶对不同血清非对称性二甲基精氨酸(ADMA)水平的急性脑梗死患者治疗效果。方法 选取2021年5月至2023年5月河北北方学院附属第一医院收治的106例急性脑梗死患者,以ADMA水平0.883μmol/L为临界值,将ADMA>0.883μmol/L的52例患者作为高表达组,ADMA≤0.883μmol/L的54例患者作为低表达组。2组患者均给予降低颅内压、保护神经、改善循环和调节血压等基础治疗,同时给予注射用阿替普酶0.9 mg/kg, 2组患者均在治疗2周后进行效果评价。检测和比较2组患者神经因子、炎症因子、纤溶功能、血管内皮功能指标、血液流变学指标、改良Rankin量表、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分和临床疗效。结果 治疗后2组患者髓鞘碱性蛋白、中枢神经特异蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶、高敏C反应蛋白、白细胞介素1β、肿瘤坏死因子α、Ⅰ型纤溶酶原激活抑制物、P-选择素、血管性血友病因子、内皮素1、低切全血黏度、高切全血黏度、血浆黏度水平和改良Rankin量表、美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表评分均低于治疗前,但高表达组均高于低表达组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。治疗后2组患者组织型纤溶酶原激活物和一氧化氮水平均高于治疗前,但高表达组均低于低表达组,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。高表达组总有效率低于低表达组[78.8%(41/52)比92.6%(50/54)],差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.121,P=0.042)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果表明髓鞘碱性蛋白、中枢神经特异蛋白、神经元特异性烯醇化酶、Ⅰ型纤溶酶原激活抑制物、P-选择素、血管性血友病因子、低切全血黏度、高切全血黏度、血浆黏度、一氧化氮和内皮素1均是不同ADMA水平的急性脑梗死患者治疗效果的主要危险因素(均P=0.001)。结论 急性脑梗死患者采用注射用阿替普酶治疗后均取得较好效果,且ADMA低表达水平急性脑梗死患者治疗后神经功能、纤溶功能和血液流变学改善更为明显,炎症反应和血管内皮损伤较轻。

经腹腔入路和经腹膜后入路在腹腔镜下保留肾单位肾肿瘤切除术中的应用效果

目的比较经腹腔入路和经腹膜后入路在腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术(LNSS)中的应用效果。方法选取2018年1月-2022年12月该院行LNSS的患者100例,按照手术方法不同,分为:经腹腔入路腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术(TLNSS)组(53例)和经腹膜后入路腹腔镜下保留肾单位手术(RLNSS)组(47例),比较两组患者围手术期相关指标、治疗前后肾功能指标、临床疗效和并发症发生情况。结果TLNSS组手术时间、热缺血时间、肠道功能恢复时间和肾动脉阻断时间明显较RLNSS组长,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);两组患者术中出血量、引流管拔出时间和住院时间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组患者术后血清胆碱酯酶(ChE)较术前升高,血尿素氮(BUN)和血肌酐(Scr)较术前降低,TLNSS组ChE明显低于RLNSS组,TLNSS组BUN和Scr明显高于RLNSS组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);TLNSS组疾病控制率(DCR)和总体有效率(ORR)明显低于RLNSS组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);TLNSS组并发症总发生率明显高于RLNSS组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论RLNSS可明显缩短手术时间和热缺血时间,促进患者肠道功能和肾功能的恢复,提高临床疗效,降低并发症发生风险。值得临床应用。

剖宫产术后口服二甲硅油促进产妇胃肠道功能恢复的疗效观察

目的:探讨剖宫产术后口服二甲硅油对产妇胃肠道功能恢复的影响。方法:选取2022年1月-2023年12月本院行剖宫产术分娩的产妇150例,随机分为二甲硅油组和常规组各75例,均给予术后常规处理,二甲硅油组术后给予二甲硅油片治疗,直至排便后停止。观察比较两组产妇术后胃肠功能恢复情况、泌乳、并发症以及满意度。结果:二甲硅油组剖宫产后首次排便时间(62.53±5.72h)、肛门排气时间(27.46±3.82h)、肠鸣音恢复时间(19.58±2.93h)以及首次泌乳时间(30.52±6.91h)均早于常规组(69.84±6.36h、33.01±4.45h、21.39±3.17h、34.39±7.24h),产妇术后腹痛、腹胀、恶心/呕吐等胃肠并发症总发生率(5.3%)低于常规组(17.3%),对剖宫产术后满意率(89.3%)高于常规组(74.7%),术后住院时间(4.62±0.87 d)少于常规组(5.38±1.14 d)(均P<0.05)。结论:剖宫产术后口服二甲硅油可加速产妇术后胃肠道功能恢复,缩短首次泌乳时间以及住院时间,降低术后腹胀和腹痛等并发症风险,提升了医疗服务满意度。

长期使用传统免疫抑制剂治疗皮肤病的不良反应比较

目的:比较患者长期(>12周)使用各传统免疫抑制剂后出现的不良反应。方法:收集2019年1月至2023年10月期间长时间(>12周)使用甲氨喋呤、环磷酰胺、环孢素、吗替麦考酚酯和沙利度胺药物的患者检查资料,对血常规、肝功能、肾功能实验室检查进行回顾性分析。结果:共1507例使用传统免疫抑制剂患者纳入分析,其中甲氨喋呤1142例,环磷酰胺135例,环孢素67例,吗替麦考酚酯66例,沙利度胺97例,不良反应发生率分别为:38.18%,56.30%,44.30%,27.27%,22.39%。最常见的不良反应依次为肝功能损伤(24.22%),肾功能损伤(12.61%)和骨髓抑制(9.69%)。患者使用免疫抑制剂引起的不良反应发生率与用药时长存在相关性。结论:长期服用传统免疫抑制剂可导致不良反应的发生,最常引起不良反应的药物为环磷酰胺。因此,对于长期服用此类药物的患者应进行定期监测。