Low-temperature 3D-printed collagen/chitosan scaffolds loaded with exosomes derived from neural stem cells pretreated with insulin growth factor-1 enhance neural regeneration after traumatic brain injury

There are various clinical treatments for traumatic brain injury,including surgery,drug therapy,and rehabilitation therapy;howeve r,the therapeutic effects are limited.Scaffolds combined with exosomes represent a promising but challenging method for improving the repair of traumatic brain injury.In this study,we determined the ability of a novel 3D-printed collagen/chitosan scaffold loaded with exosomes derived from neural stem cells pretreated with insulin-like growth factor-1(3D-CC-INEXOS) to improve traumatic brain injury repair and functional recove ry after traumatic brain injury in rats.Composite scaffolds comprising collagen,chitosan,and exosomes derived from neural stem cells pretreated with insulin-like growth fa ctor-1(INEXOS) continuously released exosomes for 2weeks.Transplantation of 3D-CC-INExos scaffolds significantly improved motor and cognitive functions in a rat traumatic brain injury model,as assessed by the Morris water maze test and modified neurological seve rity scores.In addition,immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy showed that3D-CC-INExos implantation significantly improved the recove ry of damaged nerve tissue in the injured area.In conclusion,this study suggests that transplanted3D-CC-INExos scaffolds might provide a potential strategy for the treatment of traumatic brain injury and lay a solid foundation for clinical translation.

N-acetylserotonin alleviates retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury via HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB pathway in rats

AIM:To observe the effects of N-acetylserotonin(NAS)administration on retinal ischemia-reperfusion(RIR)injury in rats and explore the underlying mechanisms involving the high mobility group box 1(HMGB1)/receptor for advanced glycation end-products(RAGE)/nuclear factor-kappa B(NF-κB)signaling pathway.METHODS:A rat model of RIR was developed by increasing the pressure of the anterior chamber of the eye.Eighty male Sprague Dawley were randomly divided into five groups:sham group(n=8),RIR group(n=28),RIR+NAS group(n=28),RIR+FPS-ZM1 group(n=8)and RIR+NAS+FPS-ZM1 group(n=8).The therapeutic effects of NAS were examined by hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)staining,and retinal ganglion cells(RGCs)counting.The expression of interleukin 1 beta(IL-1β),HMGB1,RAGE,and nod-like receptor 3(NLRP3)proteins and the phosphorylation of nuclear factorkappa B(p-NF-κB)were analyzed by immunohistochemistry staining and Western blot analysis.The expression of HMGB1 protein was also detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).RESULTS:H&E staining results showed that NAS significantly reduced retinal edema and increased the number of RGCs in RIR rats.With NAS therapy,the HMGB1 and RAGE expression decreased significantly,and the activation of the NF-κB/NLRP3 pathway was antagonized along with the inhibition of p-NF-κB and NLRP3 protein expression.Additionally,NAS exhibited an anti-inflammatory effect by reducing IL-1βexpression.The inhibitory of RAGE binding to HMGB1 by RAGE inhibitor FPS-ZM1 led to a significant decrease of p-NF-κB and NLRP3 expression,so as to the IL-1βexpression and retinal edema,accompanied by an increase of RGCs in RIR rats.CONCLUSION:NAS may exhibit a neuroprotective effect against RIR via the HMGB1/RAGE/NF-κB signaling pathway,which may be a useful therapeutic target for retinal disease.

基于Traf6/TAK1通路探讨维生素D对甲状腺功能减退肾损伤幼鼠肾小管上皮细胞间充质转化的影响

目的探讨维生素D(VD)对甲状腺功能减退(HT)肾损伤幼鼠肾小管上皮细胞间充质转化(EMT)的影响,以及其对肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子6(Traf6)/转化生长因子-β活化激酶1(TAK1)通路的调控机制。方法通过丙基硫尿嘧啶(PTU)灌胃构建幼鼠HT模型,以过表达TAK1(pc DNA3.1-TAK1)作功能挽救实验;50只SPF级雄性SD大鼠分为正常组、HT组、VD低剂量(HT+VD-L)组、VD高剂量(HT+VD-H)组、HT+VD-H+pc DNA3.1-TAK1(HT+VD-H+pc)组,每组10只。全自动生化仪检测各组大鼠血清血肌酐(Scr)和血尿素氮(BUN)的含量;脱氧核糖核苷酸末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法试剂盒(TUNEL)检测肾组织中的细胞凋亡;免疫组化检测肾组织中转化生长因子β1(TGF-β1)、α-平滑肌肌动蛋白(α-SMA)和上皮钙黏蛋白(E-cadherin)的表达;Western blot法检测肾组织中B淋巴细胞瘤-2(Bcl-2)、Bcl-2相关X蛋白(Bax)、Traf6、TAK1和磷酸化TAK1(p-TAK1)的表达。结果VD能明显降低HT幼鼠血清中Scr和BUN的含量,下调肾组织中的细胞凋亡率,降低肾组织中TGF-β1和α-SMA的表达,上调E-cadherin的表达;抑制肾组织中Traf6、p-TAK1和Bax的表达,升高肾组织中Bcl-2的表达,差异均具有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论维生素D能抑制HT幼鼠肾小管上皮细胞的EMT,降低肾组织中的细胞凋亡率,减轻肾组织的病理损伤,改善其肾功能,这与抑制Traf6/TAK1信号的激活有关。

TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR-β1 AND SMAD4 SIGNALING PATHWAY DOWN-REGULATES RENAL EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX DEGRADATION IN DIABETIC RATS

Objective To investigate the role of transforming growth factor-131 （TGF-β1）/Smad4 pathway in development of renal fibrosis in streptozotocin （STZ）-induced diabetic nephropathy （DN） rats and explore its possible mechanism. Methods Male Wistar rats weighing 180-220 g were divided into 5 groups： group A （ normal control）, group B [ diabetes mellitus （DM） 2 weeks ], group C （ DM 4 weeks）, group D （ DM 8 weeks）, and group E （ DM 16 weeks）. Except for the normal control group, other groups were induced DM by single injection of STZ （55 mg/kg） respectively. Blood glucose level, serum creatinine, and 24-hour urine protein were examined. Expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad4 protein and mRNA in kidney were detected using immunohistochemical technique, Western blot, and real-time PCR. mRNA expressions of stromelysin-1 （ MMP-3 ）, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 （ TIMP-1 ）, and collagen Ⅲ in kidney were also detected by real-time PCR. Results The levels of blood glucose, serum creatinine, and 24-hour urine protein in rats of group B, C, D, and E were higher than those of the control group. With the progression of renal fibrosis, the expressions of TGF-β1 and Smad4 protein and mRNA in kidney of diabetic rats elevated. In addition, the renal MMP-3 mRNA expression diminished in diabetic rats, while TIMP-1 and collagen Ⅲ mRNA increased. Conclusions In STZ-induced diabetic rats, the TGF-β1/Smad4 appears to play an important role in renal fibrosis of DN. The increased expression of TGF-β1 and Smad4 might result in the transcriptional regulation of downstream target genes of TGF-β1/Smad4 pathway, which contributes to the progression of renal fibrosis in diabetic rats.

Caspase-1 inhibition alleviates acute renal injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis

AIM: To assess the effect of inhibition of caspase-1 on acute renal injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha stabilization for regenerative therapy in traumatic brain injury

Mild traumatic brain injury（TBI）, also called concussion, initiates sequelae leading to motor deficits, cognitive impairments and subtly compromised neurobehaviors. While the acute phase of TBI is associated with neuroinflammation and nitroxidative burst, the chronic phase shows a lack of stimulation of the neurorepair process and regeneration. The deficiency of nitric oxide（NO）, the consequent disturbed NO metabolome, and imbalanced mechanisms of S-nitrosylation are implicated in blocking the mechanisms of neurorepair processes and functional recovery in the both phases. Hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha（HIF-1α）, a master regulator of hypoxia/ischemia, stimulates the process of neurorepair and thus aids in functional recovery after brain trauma. The activity of HIF-1α is regulated by NO via the mechanism of S-nitrosylation of HIF-1α. S-nitrosylation is dynamically regulated by NO metabolites such as S-nitrosoglutathione（GSNO） and peroxynitrite. GSNO stabilizes, and peroxynitrite destabilizes HIF-1α. Exogenously administered GSNO was found not only to stabilize HIF-1α and to induce HIF-1α-dependent genes but also to stimulate the regeneration process and to aid in functional recovery in TBI animals.

Elevated levels of interleukin-1β, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with knee articular cartilage injury

BACKGROUND Inflammatory cytokines play a vital role in the occurrence of osteoarticular injury and inflammation. Whether inflammation-associated factors interleukin-1β(IL- 1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are involved in the pathogenesis of keen articular cartilage injury remains poorly understood. AIM To measure the levels of inflammatory factors [IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF] in patients with knee articular cartilage injury. METHODS Fifty-five patients with knee articular cartilage injury were selected as patient groups, who were divided into three grades [mild (n = 20), moderate (n = 19) and severe (n = 16)] according to disease severity and X-ray examinations. Meanwhile, 30 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination were selected as the control group. The levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF were measured by ELISA and immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Compared with the control group, patient groups displayed significantly higher levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF, and the extent of increase was directly proportional to the severity of injury (P < 0.05). In addition, the number of cells with positive staining of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF in the synovial membrane were significantly increased, along with increased disease severity (P < 0.05). After treatment, the scores of visual analogue scale and the Western Ontario and McMaster University of Orthopaedic Index in patient groups were 2.26 ± 1.13 and 15.56 ± 7.12 points, respectively, which were significantly lower than those before treatment (6.98 ± 1.32 and 49.48 ± 8.96). Correlation analysis suggested that IL-1β and TNF-α were positively correlated with VEGF. CONCLUSION IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and VEGF levels are increased in patients with knee articular cartilage injury, and are associated with the disease severity, indicating they might play an important role in the occurrence and development of knee articular cartilage injury. Furthermore, therapeutically targeting them might be a novel approach for the treatment of keen articular cartilage injury.

The Role for AVE0991 (MAS-Receptor Angiotensin II (1-7) Agonist) in Reducing Cisplatin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury on C57BL/6 Mice

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a condition that causes nephrotoxicity in kidney tissues due to cisplatin-induced cancer treatments. Hence, it is proposed in this review that AVE0991 (a MAS-receptor Angiotensin II (1-7) agonist) may reduce cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury by promoting nitric oxide production.

Association of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF1α) 1772C/T genepolymorphism with susceptibility to renal cell carcinoma/prostatecancer

In this study,we used a meta-analysis method to evaluate the relationship between hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF1α)1772C/T gene polymorphism(rs 11549465)and renal cell carcinoma(RCC)/prostate cancer risk.We searched for relevant studies(before March 1,2019)on Cochrane Library,Embase,and PubMed.Studies meeting the inclusion criteria were recruited into this meta-analysis.The outcome of dichotomous data was showed in the way of odds ratios(OR),and 95%confidence intervals(CI)were also counted.In this investigation,there was no association between HIF1α1772C/T gene polymorphism and susceptibility to RCC in Caucasians,Asians as well as overall populations.In addition,HIF1α1772C/T gene polymorphism was not found to be relevant to the survival in RCC.Interestingly,the T allele was relevant to prostate cancer risk in all populations,but not in Caucasians and Asians.However,the TT genotype and the CC genotype were not related to prostate cancer susceptibility in Asian,Caucasian,and all populations.In conclusion,the T allele of the HIF1α1772C/T gene polymorphism was related to prostate cancer risk in the overall populations.

血清TXNIP、NRP1水平对脓毒症患者发生急性肾损伤的预测价值

目的:探讨硫氧还蛋白互作蛋白(TXNIP)、神经纤毛蛋白-1(NRP1)对脓毒症患者发生急性肾损伤(AKI)的预测价值。方法:选取2019年4月-2021年4月在本院住院的160例脓毒症患者为研究对象,以患者7 d内是否发生AKI将患者分为AKI组56例和非AKI组104例,再对AKI患者进行分组,分为AKIⅠ期、AKIⅡ期、AKIⅢ期。酶联免疫吸附法血清TXNIP、NRP1水平;多因素Logistic回归分析脓毒症患者发生AKI的可能影响因素;受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线评估血清TXNIP、NRP1水平检测对脓毒症患者发生AKI的预测价值。结果:AKI组SOFA评分、Scr水平、APACHEⅡ评分及PCT水平均显著高于非AKI组,eGFR水平显著低于非AKI组(P<0.05)。AKI组TXNIP水平显著高于非AKI组,且随AKI分期增加而显著增加(P<0.05);NRP1水平显著低于非AKI组,且随AKI分期增加而显著降低(P<0.05)。AKI患者血清TXNIP水平与SOFA评分、Scr、APACHEⅡ评分均呈正相关(r=0.342、0.361、0.335,P<0.05),与eGFR呈负相关(r=-0.495,P<0.05);血清NRP1水平与SOFA评分、Scr、APACHEⅡ评分均呈负相关(r=-0.310、-0.327、-0.306,P<0.05),与eGFR呈正相关(r=0.561,P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,高水平TXNIP、Scr、SOFA评分是脓毒症患者并发AKI的危险因素(P<0.05),高水平NRP1是脓毒症患者并发AKI的保护因素(P<0.05)。ROC曲线显示,TXNIP、NRP1预测AKI的AUC为0.737、0.720,二者联合预测AKI的AUC为0.929,显著高于二者单独预测(Z_(联合VSTXNIP)=4.642、P=0.004;Z联合VS NRP1=4.929、P=0.025),其敏感度、特异度分别为90.79%、85.29%。结论:脓毒症并发AKI患者血清中TXNIP高表达,NRP1低表达,与AKI严重程度有关,且二者联合对脓毒症并发AKI具有一定的预测价值。

川芎嗪对脂多糖处理大鼠肾小管上皮细胞S1PR3的抑制作用

目的探讨川芎嗪对脂多糖(LPS)处理大鼠肾小管上皮细胞(NRK-52E)中1-磷酸鞘氨醇受体(S1PR)3的影响以及S1PR3在脓毒症相关急性肾损伤(S-AKI)中的作用及机制。方法将培养好的大鼠NRK-52E细胞分为对照组、LPS组、川芎嗪+LPS组。对照组不予处理;LPS组予川芎嗪等量0.9%氯化钠溶液预处理30 min后,予LPS 20μg/mL刺激12 h后离心收集细胞待检;川芎嗪+LPS组先用川芎嗪200 ng/mL预处理30 min后再予LPS 20μg/mL刺激12 h后离心收集细胞待检。采用流式细胞术检测3组细胞凋亡率及钙离子、半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)表达的差异,ELISA法检测钙蛋白酶(Calpain)1、Calpain 2表达的差异,Western blot法检测各组细胞中S1PR3表达的差异。结果经LPS处理后脓毒症NRK-52E细胞模型成功建立。与对照组比较,LPS组的细胞凋亡率、钙离子表达、Caspase-3表达、S1PR3表达、Calpain 1、Calpain 2表达均明显增加(均P<0.01);与LPS组比较,川芎嗪+LPS组的细胞凋亡率、钙离子表达、Caspase-3表达、S1PR3表达、Calpain 1、Calpain 2表达均明显下降(均P<0.05)。结论川芎嗪可以抑制S1PR3的表达,能够降低肾小管上皮细胞内的钙离子浓度,从而抑制Caspase-3细胞凋亡信号通路,减少肾小管细胞凋亡。S1PR3可能在S-AKI的发生、发展中起到重要作用。

Electroacupuncture-attenuated ischemic brain injury increases insulin-like growth factor-1 expression in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia

Acupuncture has recently gained popularity in many countries as an alternative and complementary therapeutic intervention. Previous studies have shown that changes in genes, proteins, and their metabolites were measureable during acupuncture for treatment of cerebral ischemia. Through the use of in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, the present study confirmed that electroacupuncture increased insulin-like growth factor-1 mRNA and protein expression in the corpus stfiatum following cerebral ischemia, reduced brain edema following middle cerebral artery occlusion reperfusion, and decreased infarct volume. Results suggested that electroacupuncture is effective in the relief of cerebral ischemia by increasing endogenous insulin-like growth factor-1 expression.

Correlation between expression of two transforming growth factor-beta 1 receptors and microvascular density in a rat model of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury

The effects of transforming growth factor-β1 （TGF-β1） are currently controversial. Whether TGF-β1 promotes or inhibits revascularization under different conditions remains poorly understood. Based on previous studies, the current experiment established rat models of cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury （IRI）, and demonstrated that pathological and functional damage was also increased after IRI. The most serious damage was observed at 3 days after reperfusion, at which time microvascular density fell to its lowest level. Soon afterwards, microvascular density increased, new collateral circulation was gradually established at 4 to 7 days after reperfusion, and pathological damage and neurological deficits were improved. TGF-β1, activin receptor-like kinase 5 （ALK5） mRNA and protein expression levels increased gradually over time. In contrast, ALK1 mRNA and protein expression decreased over the same period. A significant negative correlation was detected between microvascular density and expression of the ALK5 gene transcript. There was no correlation between microvascular density and ALK1 gene transcriptional expression following cerebral IRI in a rat model. These findings suggest that ALK5, rather than ALK1, is the critical receptor in the TGF-β1 signal pathways after cerebral IRI.

Hippocampal expression of apoptotic protease activating factor-1 following diffuse axonal injury under mild hypothermia

The influence of mild hypothermia on neural cell apoptosis remains poorly understood. Therefore, the present study established rat models of diffuse axonal injury （DAI） at 33℃. Morris water maze results demonstrated significantly better learning and memory functions in DAI rats with hypothermia compared with DAI rats with normothermia. Expression of apoptotic protease activating factor-1 in the hippocampal CA1 region was significantly lower in the DAI hypothermia group compared with the DAI normothermia group. Expression of apoptotic protease activating factor-1 positively correlated with latency, but negatively correlated with platform location times and time of swimming in the quadrant area. Results suggested that post-traumatic mild hypothermia in a rat model of DAI could provide cerebral protection by attenuating expression of apoptotic protease activating factor-1.

CD38 deficiency activates ERK1/2-NF-κB signaling pathway in sepsis-associated renal injury

CD38 is known to play roles in various inflammatory pathways.However,whether it has a protective or detrimental effect during bacterial septicemia remains disputed.Herein,this study aimed to determine the potential effect of CD38 on renal injury in septicemia.Escherichia coli(E.coli)was used to induce sepsis-associated renal injury in mice.WT and CD38-/-mice were stimulated with E.coli.After three hours,the serum was collected to detect renal function.Function mRNA expressions inflammatory cytokines in kidneys were quantified by real-time PCR.Hematoxylin and eosin staining were used to observe the histomorphology of kidney.The expression of TLR4,NF-κB,MAPK and cytokines were detected by Western Blot.Our results demonstrated that 3×10^(8) cfu/mL E.coli is the appropriate dose to induce sepsis mice model.Compared to WT sepsis mice,CD38-/-mice showed aggravated kidney injuries with impaired renal function,increased inflammation and apoptosis after E.coli stimulation.Interestingly,CD38 deficiency also led to elevated expression of TLR4 and increased phosphorylation of NF-κB p65/p105 and ERK1/2.To sum up,our results suggested that CD38 deficiency could aggravate E.coli-induced renal injury through activating ERK1/2-NF-κB signaling pathway.

恩格列净通过上调Epac1表达抑制炎症反应减轻2型糖尿病大鼠肾损伤

目的 观察恩格列净(EM)对2型糖尿病(T2DM)大鼠肾损伤的治疗效果,并探讨其可能存在的机制。方法 将SD雄性大鼠随机分为正常对照(NC)组、 T2DM组和EM组,每组6只。T2DM组和EM组,给予腹腔注射链脲佐菌素(STZ)建立T2DM模型,记录各组大鼠空腹血糖(FBG)和体质量。EM组给予EM溶液灌胃,其余两组予以等量的羧甲基纤维素钠溶液灌胃,给药12周。记录大鼠体质量和FBG后处死大鼠,留存腹主动脉血液和肾脏组织。全自动生化分析仪检测血清肌酐(Scr)、血尿素氮(BUN)、尿酸(UA)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC);行Masson染色、过碘酸希夫(PAS)染色、 HE染色观察肾脏组织学变化,透射电镜观察肾脏超微结构变化;免疫组织化学染色法检测大鼠肾脏组织中环磷酸腺苷直接激活的交换蛋白1(Epac1)、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、白细胞介素18(IL-18)的表达和分布。结果 与NC组相比,T2DM组大鼠体质量下降,FBG、 Scr、 BUN、 UA、 TC、 TG水平明显升高;肾小球基底膜增厚,足细胞足突融合,排列紊乱,内皮细胞窗孔消失;Epac1蛋白表达水平下降,TNF-α、 IL-1β、 IL-18的蛋白表达水平明显增高。与T2DM组相比,EM组大鼠体质量上升,FBG、 Scr、 BUN、 UA、 TC、 TG水平降低;肾损伤减轻,Epac1蛋白表达水平升高,TNF-α、 IL-1β、 IL-18的表达显著降低。结论 EM能够改善T2DM肾损伤。这种治疗效果是通过上调Epac1蛋白表达,抑制炎症反应介导的。

血管性血友病因子、肾损伤分子-1、肝细胞生长因子在急性肾损伤患者中的表达及与预后相关性

目的:分析血管性血友病因子(vWF)、肾损伤分子-1(KIM-1)、肝细胞生长因子(HGF)在急性肾损伤患者中的表达及与预后相关性。方法:选取2020年01月—2022年12月我院收治的125例急性肾损伤患者为研究对象,作为研究组,另外选取70例健康无疾病的体检者作为对照组。观察各组vWF、KIM-1、HGF水平,分析与预后的相关性。结果:与对照组相比,研究组APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分较高(P<0.05)。与Ⅰ期患者相比,Ⅱ期、Ⅲ期患者vWF、KIM-1、HGF表达水平逐渐升高(P<0.05)。与存活患者相比,死亡患者vWF、KIM-1、HGF表达水平较高(P<0.05)。vWF、KIM-1、HGF与预后呈正相关(P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析显示,肺部感染、APACHEⅡ评分、SOFA评分、氧合指数、Scr、BUN、eGFR、动脉血乳酸、vWF、KIM-1、HGF为影响急性肾损伤患者预后的危险因素。结论:vWF、KIM-1、HGF在急性肾损伤患者体内表达水平较高,且随着病情严重程度的增加,KIM-1、HGF水平逐渐升高,KIM-1、HGF与不良预后呈正相关,为急性肾损伤的危险因素。

术前血清V-set和免疫球蛋白结构域4以及长链非编码核糖核酸SBF2反义RNA1与肾结石患者经皮肾镜取石术后急性肾损伤的关系

目的探讨术前血清V-set和免疫球蛋白结构域4(VSIG4)以及长链非编码核糖核酸(LncRNA)SBF2反义RNA1(SBF2-AS1)与肾结石患者经皮肾镜取石术后急性肾损伤(AKI)的关系。方法选择2020年1月—2022年12月本院收治的109例肾结石患者为研究对象。术前检测患者血清VSIG4水平以及LncRNA SBF2-AS1表达,术后记录AKI发生情况。采用多因素Logistic回归模型分析肾结石患者经皮肾镜取石术后发生AKI的影响因素;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析VSIG4、LncRNA SBF2-AS1预测肾结石患者经皮肾镜取石术后发生AKI的价值。结果本研究中,术后发生AKI者16例。AKI组血清VSIG4水平低于非AKI组,LncRNA SBF2-AS1表达高于非AKI组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,术前高尿酸水平、术前高LncRNA SBF2-AS1表达、较长的手术时间、术中低血压是肾结石患者经皮肾镜取石术后发生AKI的危险因素(P<0.05),术前高VSIG4水平是保护因素(P<0.05)。术前血清VSIG4、LncRNA SBF2-AS1水平预测肾结石患者经皮肾镜术后发生AKI的曲线下面积分别为0.854、0.705,二者联合预测的曲线下面积为0.948,大于各指标单独预测(Z=1.995、2.958,P<0.05)。结论肾结石患者术前血清VSIG4水平降低、LncRNA SBF2-AS1表达增高与经皮肾镜取石术后AKI的发生有关,联合检测术前VSIG4、LncRNA SBF2-AS1可预测术后AKI的发生风险。

血清MCP-1、TRAF-6水平在脓毒症严重程度和急性肾损伤评估的作用

目的探讨血清单核细胞趋化蛋白-1(MCP-1)、肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子-6(TRAF-6)水平在脓毒症严重程度和急性肾损伤评估中的作用。方法回顾性分析2021年6月至2022年6月在新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院重症医学科接受治疗的110例脓毒症患者的病例资料,依据脓毒症相关急性肾损伤发生情况分为发生组(50例)、未发生组(60例)。统计分析两组患者基线资料、血清MCP-1、TRAF-6水平,并分析脓毒症患者血清MCP-1、TRAF-6水平与序贯多器官功能障碍(SOFA)评分、急性生理和慢性健康Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ)评分的相关性,多因素Logistic回归分析脓毒症相关急性肾损伤影响因素。结果110例患者中,脓毒症相关急性肾损伤发生50例,未发生60例,发生率为45.45%。发生组患者的高血压、肺部感染比例均高于未发生组(P<0.05),SOFA评分、APACHEⅡ评分均高于未发生组(P<0.05),氧合指数低于未发生组(P<0.05),肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、血肌酐(SCr)、尿素氮(BUN)水平均高于未发生组(P<0.05),动脉血乳酸水平高于未发生组(P<0.05),但两组患者的性别、年龄、糖尿病比例的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。发生组患者的血清MCP-1、TRAF-6水平均高于未发生组(P<0.05)。脓毒症患者血清MCP-1、TRAF-6水平与SOFA评分、APACHEⅡ评分均呈显著的正相关关系(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,脓毒症相关急性肾损伤影响因素包括高血压、肺部感染、SOFA评分、APACHEⅡ评分、肾小球滤过率(eGFR)、动脉血乳酸、MCP-1、TRAF-6(P<0.05),不包括氧合指数、尿素氮(BUN)、SCr(P>0.05)。结论血清MCP-1、TRAF-6水平和脓毒症严重程度和关系密切,可作为急性肾损伤的诊断参考指标。

血清Apelin-13和网膜素-1表达与肾移植术后患者肾功能的相关性研究

目的探讨血清Apelin-13、网膜素-1(Omentin-1)在早期预测肾移植术后并发急性肾功能损伤中的价值。方法纳入89例肾移植患者为肾移植组,根据肾移植术后1个月内患者是否发生急性肾功能损伤分为肾功能损伤组21例和非肾功能损伤组68例。同时随机选取健康体检者87例作为对照组。采用酶联免疫吸附(ELISA)法检测血清Apelin-13、Omentin-1水平;采用粒子增强透射免疫比浊法测定胱抑素C水平;采用酶法测定血肌酐水平;采用紫外-谷氨酸脱氨酶法测定血尿素氮水平;采用比浊法测定β2-微球蛋白、24 h尿蛋白水平。校正eMDRD方程,计算估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)。采用Pearson法进行术后肾功能损伤的肾移植患者血清Apelin-13、Omentin-1水平与肾功能指标的相关性分析;采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析血清Apelin-13、Omentin-1水平对肾移植患者术后肾功能损伤的预测价值;采用Logistic回归分析法分析肾移植患者术后肾功能损伤的影响因素。结果肾移植组的血肌酐、血尿素氮、胱抑素C、β2-微球蛋白、24 h尿蛋白水平高于对照组,Apelin-13、Omentin-1、eGFR水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。肾功能损伤组的血肌酐、血尿素氮、胱抑素C、β2-微球蛋白、24 h尿蛋白水平高于非肾功能损伤组,Apelin-13、Omentin-1、eGFR水平低于非肾功能损伤组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。术后肾功能损伤的肾移植患者血清Apelin-13、Omentin-1水平与肌酐、血尿素氮、胱抑素C、β2-微球蛋白、24 h尿蛋白呈负相关,与eGFR呈正相关(P<0.05)。Apelin-13、Omentin-1单独及联合预测肾移植患者术后肾功能损伤的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.784、0.773、0.841。Apelin-13、Omentin-1是肾移植患者术后肾功能损伤的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论肾移植术后发生肾功能损伤患者血清中Apelin-13、Omentin-1均呈低表达,其或可成为早期预测指标。