BACKGROUND Intertrochanteric fracture of the femur occurs mostly among older people,and seriously affects daily life and quality of life.At present,physical intervention,drug treatment,routine intervention and rehabil...BACKGROUND Intertrochanteric fracture of the femur occurs mostly among older people,and seriously affects daily life and quality of life.At present,physical intervention,drug treatment,routine intervention and rehabilitation training are widely used for prevention of side effects,but it is still inconclusive which intervention has the best effect.AIM To compare the effects of new intervention measures for preventing side effects of artificial joint replacement.METHODS We searched the Chinese and English literatures for comparative studies on the prevention of side effects of new interventions for artificial joint replacement from July 2013 to June 2023 in China HowNet,PubMed,Wanfang,Weipu and other databases.Study quality was evaluated by improved Jadad scoring standard,and the effects of different interventions on preventing different complications were analyzed by meta-analysis of evidence-based medicine with Review Manager 5.0 software.RESULTS Ten articles,including 869 cases,were finally included.The preventive effects of different interventions on the side effects of artificial joint replacement were studied,and valid data were extracted.There were two articles on the preventive effects of drug intervention,four on comparison of the preventive effects of combined and single interventions,and three on the preventive effects of physical intervention,rehabilitation training and routine intervention.Meta-analysis showed that the preventive effect of rivaroxaban was significantly better than low molecular weight heparin calcium[mean difference(MD)=-0.16,95%CI:-0.28 to-0.04,P<0.05].The effect of combined intervention was significantly better than that of single intervention(MD=-0.08,95%CI:-0.16 to-0.01,P<0.001).Physical intervention was significantly better than routine intervention and rehabilitation training(MD=0.26,95%CI:0.16–0.36,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Rivaroxaban combined with rehabilitation training is preferred for preventing deep vein thrombosis after artificial joint replacement.In the prevention of pulmonary embolism,rivaroxaban drug intervention is given priority.The effect of combined intervention is better than that of single intervention.展开更多
In order to provide anatomical basis for transoral approach （TOA） in dealing with the ventro lesions of craniocervical junction, and the design and application of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint, microsurgical dis...In order to provide anatomical basis for transoral approach （TOA） in dealing with the ventro lesions of craniocervical junction, and the design and application of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint, microsurgical dissecting was performed on 8 fresh craniocervical specimens layer by layer through transoropharyngeal approach. The stratification of posterior pharyngeal wall, course of vertebral artery, adjacent relationship of atlas and axis and correlative anatomical parameters of replacement of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint were observed. Besides, 32 sets of atlanto-axial joint in adults＇ fresh bony specimens were measured with a digital caliper and a goniometer, including the width of bony window of anterior arch of atlas, the .width of bony window of axis vertebra, the distance between superior and inferior two atlas screw inserting points, the distance between two axis screw inserting points etc. It was found that the width of atlas and axis which could be exposed were 40.2±3.5 mm and 39.3±3.7 mm respectively. The width and height of posterior pharyngeal wall which could be exposed were 40.1±5.2 mm and 50.2±4.6 mm respectively. The distance between superior and inferior two atlas screw inserting points was 28.0±2.9 mm and 24.0±3.5 mm respectively, and the distance of bilateral axis screw inserting points was 18.0±1.2 mm. The operative exposure position through TOA ranged from inferior part of the clivus to the superior part of the C3 vertebral body. Posterior pharyngeal wall consisted of 5 layers and two interspaces： mucosa, submucosa, superficial muscular layer, anterior fascia of vertebrae, anterior muscular layer of vertebrae and posterior interspace of pharynx, anterior interspace of vertebrae. This study revealed that it had the advantages of short operative distance, good exposure and sufficient decompression in dealing with the ventro lesions from the upper cervical to the lower clivus through the TOA. The replacement of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint is suitable and feasible. The design of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint should be based on the above data.展开更多
背景:有限元分析是一种先进的计算机工程技术,利用数学近似的方法对真实人体进行模拟,可以真实反映膝关节结构内部的生物力学特征,为理解膝关节疾病发病机制、优化手术方案以及开发新型植入材料提供了有效的工具。目的:对膝关节有限元...背景:有限元分析是一种先进的计算机工程技术,利用数学近似的方法对真实人体进行模拟,可以真实反映膝关节结构内部的生物力学特征,为理解膝关节疾病发病机制、优化手术方案以及开发新型植入材料提供了有效的工具。目的:对膝关节有限元模型的建立及其在膝关节疾病研究中的应用进行综述,并展望了未来的发展趋势。方法:第一作者于2024年4月以“Finite Element Analysis,FEA,knee joint,Finite Element Model,Knee Biomechanics,Knee Osteoarthritis,Knee Prosthesis,Knee Ligaments,Meniscus”为英文检索词在PubMed和EI数据库进行检索,以“有限元分析,有限元模型,膝关节,生物力学,骨关节炎,计算模型,膝关节假体,膝关节韧带,半月板”为中文检索词在中国知网和万方数据库进行检索,最终纳入75篇文献进行分析。结果与结论:①有限元分析法利用医学影像数据获得三维人体模型,将复杂的人体关节结构简化为有限且相互连接的单元,通过对模型施加外部载荷,直观地显示膝关节内部的应力分布。②研究者通过有限元分析深入研究膝关节在不同工况下的内部应力和应变分布,可发现膝关节内部载荷分配平衡改变时,关节软骨的过度载荷及部分区域的负荷下降,这种长期异常应力会引起软骨变形和磨损,最终缺失,对于理解生物力学因素如何引起膝关节退行性变至关重要。③有研究通过有限元分析评估膝骨关节炎患者采用太极拳、步态调整等物理治疗方法的效果,结果显示这些治疗方法减少了软骨的过度负荷,为临床治疗提供了科学理论依据。④临床医生通过有限元分析在手术前进行三维重建、数据测量和模拟手术,能够优化手术治疗策略;此外,还可以通过模拟不同假体的力学特征,改进假体的形状、材料和固定方式,减少患者的并发症,提高患者的治疗效果。⑤人工智能与有限元分析相结合使得有限元模型的构建更为精确和易于操作,极大提高了临床医生医疗实践的效率和患者的治疗效果。⑥有限元分析仅是数字化的模拟,与真实物理状态仍存在一定差异。展开更多
目的:在按疾病诊断相关分组(Diagnosis Related Groups,DRG)付费背景下,比较人工关节集中带量采购(以下简称“集采”)实施前后髋关节、膝关节置换手术患者住院医疗费用结构变化,为评估人工关节集采效果提供参考。方法:以2021—2023年某...目的:在按疾病诊断相关分组(Diagnosis Related Groups,DRG)付费背景下,比较人工关节集中带量采购(以下简称“集采”)实施前后髋关节、膝关节置换手术患者住院医疗费用结构变化,为评估人工关节集采效果提供参考。方法:以2021—2023年某院“IC29髋、肩、膝、肘和踝关节置换术”DRG病组下的髋关节、膝关节置换手术患者为研究对象,采集患者基本信息、住院信息、医疗费用信息等,区分集采前后两个主要阶段,采用描述性统计分析、卡方检验、非参数检验以及结构变动度等方法分析医疗费用变化。结果:集采后患者住院天数显著下降(P<0.05),集采对患者住院总费用、医疗服务费用、药品费用、耗材费用产生显著影响(P<0.05),其中位数下降值分别为25261.12元、1069.04元、849.24元、8299.53元,耗材费用、医疗服务费用、检验费用结构变动贡献率分别为50.00%、28.37%、12.13%,集采后医保基金支付金额、个人支付金额中位数分别下降2283.98元、12729.65元,DRG支付金额中位数增加1274.45元。结论:在人工关节集采与DRG付费多重影响下,髋关节、膝关节置换手术患者住院费用结构明显优化,患者住院医疗负担减轻,医保基金使用更加高效。展开更多
目的探讨分析老年股骨颈骨折应用骨水泥型人工髋关节和生物型人工髋关节置换治疗的临床疗效以及应用价值。方法回顾性选取2020年1月—2023年1月龙口市人民医院收治的100例老年骨质疏松性股骨颈骨折行人工髋关节置换术治疗的患者的临床资...目的探讨分析老年股骨颈骨折应用骨水泥型人工髋关节和生物型人工髋关节置换治疗的临床疗效以及应用价值。方法回顾性选取2020年1月—2023年1月龙口市人民医院收治的100例老年骨质疏松性股骨颈骨折行人工髋关节置换术治疗的患者的临床资料,根据假体类型的不同分为研究组(n=50)和参照组(n=50)。对实施不同的假体置换后,比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、异位骨化程度、术后假体稳定性、髋关节功能评分量表(Harris Hip Joint Function Scale,Harris)以及术后并发症发生情况。结果术后6个月,两组患者均开展X线检查,研究组假体稳定率明显高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组并发症发生率低于参照组(0 vs 4.00%),差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.510,P>0.05)。结论相对于骨水泥型假体,使用生物型假体进行人工髋关节置换髋关节功能恢复效果更好,能够有效降低并发症的发生率,加快术后恢复,应用价值高。展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Intertrochanteric fracture of the femur occurs mostly among older people,and seriously affects daily life and quality of life.At present,physical intervention,drug treatment,routine intervention and rehabilitation training are widely used for prevention of side effects,but it is still inconclusive which intervention has the best effect.AIM To compare the effects of new intervention measures for preventing side effects of artificial joint replacement.METHODS We searched the Chinese and English literatures for comparative studies on the prevention of side effects of new interventions for artificial joint replacement from July 2013 to June 2023 in China HowNet,PubMed,Wanfang,Weipu and other databases.Study quality was evaluated by improved Jadad scoring standard,and the effects of different interventions on preventing different complications were analyzed by meta-analysis of evidence-based medicine with Review Manager 5.0 software.RESULTS Ten articles,including 869 cases,were finally included.The preventive effects of different interventions on the side effects of artificial joint replacement were studied,and valid data were extracted.There were two articles on the preventive effects of drug intervention,four on comparison of the preventive effects of combined and single interventions,and three on the preventive effects of physical intervention,rehabilitation training and routine intervention.Meta-analysis showed that the preventive effect of rivaroxaban was significantly better than low molecular weight heparin calcium[mean difference(MD)=-0.16,95%CI:-0.28 to-0.04,P<0.05].The effect of combined intervention was significantly better than that of single intervention(MD=-0.08,95%CI:-0.16 to-0.01,P<0.001).Physical intervention was significantly better than routine intervention and rehabilitation training(MD=0.26,95%CI:0.16–0.36,P<0.001).CONCLUSION Rivaroxaban combined with rehabilitation training is preferred for preventing deep vein thrombosis after artificial joint replacement.In the prevention of pulmonary embolism,rivaroxaban drug intervention is given priority.The effect of combined intervention is better than that of single intervention.
文摘In order to provide anatomical basis for transoral approach （TOA） in dealing with the ventro lesions of craniocervical junction, and the design and application of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint, microsurgical dissecting was performed on 8 fresh craniocervical specimens layer by layer through transoropharyngeal approach. The stratification of posterior pharyngeal wall, course of vertebral artery, adjacent relationship of atlas and axis and correlative anatomical parameters of replacement of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint were observed. Besides, 32 sets of atlanto-axial joint in adults＇ fresh bony specimens were measured with a digital caliper and a goniometer, including the width of bony window of anterior arch of atlas, the .width of bony window of axis vertebra, the distance between superior and inferior two atlas screw inserting points, the distance between two axis screw inserting points etc. It was found that the width of atlas and axis which could be exposed were 40.2±3.5 mm and 39.3±3.7 mm respectively. The width and height of posterior pharyngeal wall which could be exposed were 40.1±5.2 mm and 50.2±4.6 mm respectively. The distance between superior and inferior two atlas screw inserting points was 28.0±2.9 mm and 24.0±3.5 mm respectively, and the distance of bilateral axis screw inserting points was 18.0±1.2 mm. The operative exposure position through TOA ranged from inferior part of the clivus to the superior part of the C3 vertebral body. Posterior pharyngeal wall consisted of 5 layers and two interspaces： mucosa, submucosa, superficial muscular layer, anterior fascia of vertebrae, anterior muscular layer of vertebrae and posterior interspace of pharynx, anterior interspace of vertebrae. This study revealed that it had the advantages of short operative distance, good exposure and sufficient decompression in dealing with the ventro lesions from the upper cervical to the lower clivus through the TOA. The replacement of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint is suitable and feasible. The design of artificial atlanto-odontoid joint should be based on the above data.
文摘背景:有限元分析是一种先进的计算机工程技术,利用数学近似的方法对真实人体进行模拟,可以真实反映膝关节结构内部的生物力学特征,为理解膝关节疾病发病机制、优化手术方案以及开发新型植入材料提供了有效的工具。目的:对膝关节有限元模型的建立及其在膝关节疾病研究中的应用进行综述,并展望了未来的发展趋势。方法:第一作者于2024年4月以“Finite Element Analysis,FEA,knee joint,Finite Element Model,Knee Biomechanics,Knee Osteoarthritis,Knee Prosthesis,Knee Ligaments,Meniscus”为英文检索词在PubMed和EI数据库进行检索,以“有限元分析,有限元模型,膝关节,生物力学,骨关节炎,计算模型,膝关节假体,膝关节韧带,半月板”为中文检索词在中国知网和万方数据库进行检索,最终纳入75篇文献进行分析。结果与结论:①有限元分析法利用医学影像数据获得三维人体模型,将复杂的人体关节结构简化为有限且相互连接的单元,通过对模型施加外部载荷,直观地显示膝关节内部的应力分布。②研究者通过有限元分析深入研究膝关节在不同工况下的内部应力和应变分布,可发现膝关节内部载荷分配平衡改变时,关节软骨的过度载荷及部分区域的负荷下降,这种长期异常应力会引起软骨变形和磨损,最终缺失,对于理解生物力学因素如何引起膝关节退行性变至关重要。③有研究通过有限元分析评估膝骨关节炎患者采用太极拳、步态调整等物理治疗方法的效果,结果显示这些治疗方法减少了软骨的过度负荷,为临床治疗提供了科学理论依据。④临床医生通过有限元分析在手术前进行三维重建、数据测量和模拟手术,能够优化手术治疗策略;此外,还可以通过模拟不同假体的力学特征,改进假体的形状、材料和固定方式,减少患者的并发症,提高患者的治疗效果。⑤人工智能与有限元分析相结合使得有限元模型的构建更为精确和易于操作,极大提高了临床医生医疗实践的效率和患者的治疗效果。⑥有限元分析仅是数字化的模拟,与真实物理状态仍存在一定差异。
文摘目的:在按疾病诊断相关分组(Diagnosis Related Groups,DRG)付费背景下,比较人工关节集中带量采购(以下简称“集采”)实施前后髋关节、膝关节置换手术患者住院医疗费用结构变化,为评估人工关节集采效果提供参考。方法:以2021—2023年某院“IC29髋、肩、膝、肘和踝关节置换术”DRG病组下的髋关节、膝关节置换手术患者为研究对象,采集患者基本信息、住院信息、医疗费用信息等,区分集采前后两个主要阶段,采用描述性统计分析、卡方检验、非参数检验以及结构变动度等方法分析医疗费用变化。结果:集采后患者住院天数显著下降(P<0.05),集采对患者住院总费用、医疗服务费用、药品费用、耗材费用产生显著影响(P<0.05),其中位数下降值分别为25261.12元、1069.04元、849.24元、8299.53元,耗材费用、医疗服务费用、检验费用结构变动贡献率分别为50.00%、28.37%、12.13%,集采后医保基金支付金额、个人支付金额中位数分别下降2283.98元、12729.65元,DRG支付金额中位数增加1274.45元。结论:在人工关节集采与DRG付费多重影响下,髋关节、膝关节置换手术患者住院费用结构明显优化,患者住院医疗负担减轻,医保基金使用更加高效。
文摘目的探讨分析老年股骨颈骨折应用骨水泥型人工髋关节和生物型人工髋关节置换治疗的临床疗效以及应用价值。方法回顾性选取2020年1月—2023年1月龙口市人民医院收治的100例老年骨质疏松性股骨颈骨折行人工髋关节置换术治疗的患者的临床资料,根据假体类型的不同分为研究组(n=50)和参照组(n=50)。对实施不同的假体置换后,比较两组患者的手术时间、术中出血量、术后引流量、异位骨化程度、术后假体稳定性、髋关节功能评分量表(Harris Hip Joint Function Scale,Harris)以及术后并发症发生情况。结果术后6个月,两组患者均开展X线检查,研究组假体稳定率明显高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。研究组并发症发生率低于参照组(0 vs 4.00%),差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.510,P>0.05)。结论相对于骨水泥型假体,使用生物型假体进行人工髋关节置换髋关节功能恢复效果更好,能够有效降低并发症的发生率,加快术后恢复,应用价值高。
