Changes in the root system of the herbaceous peony and soil properties under different years of continuous planting and replanting

The herbaceous peony(Paeonia lactiflora Pall.)has high ornamental value.Replanting problems occur when seedlings are replanted into previous holes.We studied the root system and soil environment of the'Dongjingnvlang'variety under a continuous planting regime of one,four,and seven years,and a replanting regime of one and four years.Under the condition of continuous planting,with the increase of number of years,pH,ammonium nitrogen,and nitrate nitrogen decreased in the rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils,whereas organic matter,available phosphorus and potassium,enzyme activities,and the number of bacteria,fungi,and actinomycetes increased.Under the condition of replanting,with the increase of number of years,fungi and actinomycetes in both soils increased,while pH,organic matter,nutrients,enzyme activities,and bacterial number decreased.pH,organic matter,nutrient content,enzyme activity and the number of bacterial were lower in soil replanted for four years,whereas the abundance of fungi and actinomycetes was higher,altering the soil from“bacterial high-fertility”to“fungal low-fertility”with increasing years of replanting.The activity of antioxidant enzymes and MDA content in roots of peony in replanting were higher than those in continuous planting,while the content of osmotic regulatory substances in replanting was lower than that in continuous planting.The results showed that there were no obvious adverse factors in soil during seven years of continuous planting,and herbaceous peony could maintain normal growth and development.However,soils after four years of replanting were not suitable for herbaceous peony growth.Benzoic acid increased with years of replanting,which potentially caused replanting problems.This study provides a theoretical basis for understanding the mechanism of replanting problems in the herbaceous peony.

Maximizing Oil Palm Yield: Innovative Replanting Strategies for Sustainable Productivity

This paper examines the significance of innovative replanting strategies in maximizing oil palm yield while ensuring sustainable productivity.Through a comprehensive review of literature and analysis of current practices,the major findings of this research highlighted the importance of advanced breeding and clonal selection in developing high-yielding and disease-resistant oil palm varieties.Precision agriculture technologies,including IoT devices,drones,and sensors,were identified as critical tools for data-driven decision making,optimizing resource efficiency,and reducing environmental impact.Sustainable land use planning and agroforestry integration emerged as key strategies to balance productivity with environmental conservation.The broader impacts of this work extend to other agricultural sectors and land use planning,offering valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders to promote responsible and resilient agricultural practices.By embracing innovative replanting strategies,the oil palm industry can contribute to a more sustainable and prosperous future,balancing economic growth with environmental stewardship.Continued research and collaboration are essential to achieve these goals and foster a harmonious coexistence between productivity and sustainability,integrating precision agriculture technologies for resource optimization and reduced environmental impact,promoting sustainable land use planning and agroforestry integration to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem services.Strengthening collaborations between governments,industry players,and research institutions for innovation and knowledge exchange is essential.

Rhizospheric microbial communities are driven by Panax ginseng at different growth stages and biocontrol bacteria alleviates replanting mortality

The cultivation of Panax plants is hindered by replanting problems, which may be caused by plantdriven changes in the soil microbial community. Inoculation with microbial antagonists may efficiently alleviate replanting issues. Through high-throughput sequencing, this study revealed that bacterial diversity decreased,whereas fungal diversity increased, in the rhizosphere soils of adult ginseng plants at the root growth stage under different ages. Few microbial community, such as Luteolibacter, Cytophagaceae, Luteibacter, Sphingomonas,Sphingomonadaceae, and Zygomycota, were observed; the relative abundance of microorganisms, namely,Brevundimonas, Enterobacteriaceae, Pandoraea, Cantharellales, Dendryphion, Fusarium, and Chytridiomycota,increased in the soils of adult ginseng plants compared with those in the soils of 2-year-old seedlings. Bacillus subtilis 50-1, a microbial antagonist against the pathogenic Fusarium oxysporum, was isolated through a dual culture technique. These bacteria acted with a biocontrol efficacy of 67.8%. The ginseng death rate and Fusarium abundance decreased by 63.3% and 46.1%, respectively, after inoculation with B. subtilis 50-1. Data revealed that microecological degradation could result from ginseng-driven changes in rhizospheric microbial communities;these changes are associated with the different ages and developmental stages of ginseng plants. Biocontrol using microbial antagonists alleviated the replanting problem.

Characterization of the microbial community response to replant diseases in peach orchards

This study attempted to monitor the development of microbial communities and reveal the correlation between the soil microbial community and soil nutrient factors over different years following the replanting of peach trees.The replanted soil(RS)and nonreplanted soil(NRS)were collected from peach orchards with different growth years(1,3,5,7,9,11,and 13 years)in the same region.The soil bacterial and fungal community diversities were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology.Redundancy analysis(RDA)was used to show the correlation between the soil microbial community and environmental variables.The alpha diversities of the bacterial and fungal communities indicated that RS contained a higher abundance of bacterial and fungal operational taxonomic units(OTUs)than NRS.NMDS and ANOSIM analyses showed that the soil bacterial and fungal communities were significantly(P<0.01)affected by planting years,and that the main changes occurred in the first and ninth planting years.The presence of the bacterial orders Sphingobacteriales,Burkholderiales and Actinomycetales changed significantly after replanting.Some bacteria associated with bioremediation,such as Burkholderiales and Intrasporangiaceae,and some harmful pathogens,such as Penicillium and Ophiostomatales,significantly increased after replanting(LDA score>3.0).In addition,the soil nutrient contents were lower in RS than in NRS in the early stage(1–5 years),and the RDA showed that bacterial and fungal phyla are closely associated with environmental variables,including the potential of hydrogen(pH),ammonium nitrogen(AN),available phosphorus(AP)and available potassium(AK).These results lead to a deeper understanding of the microbial responses to replanting in peach orchards.

Isolation of phloridzin-degrading,IAA-producing bacterium Ochrobactrum haematophilum and its effects on the apple replant soil environment

We isolated and identified a bacterium that could produce IAA and degrade phloridzin in the rhizosphere soil of healthy replanted apple(the rootstock is M9T337 and the scion is Yanfu 3),providing a theoretical basis for reducing the obstacles associated with apple replant disease(ARD).Isolates were screened using Salkowski colorimetry and screening medium for phloridzin.The isolate of interest(W6)was identified as Ochrobactrum haematophilum based on morphological analysis,physiological and biochemical tests,and 16S rDNA sequencing.In a laboratory experiment,W6 produced auxin and promoted the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana roots,and its degradation rate of 100 mg.L^(-1 )phloridzin was 62.0%.In a pot experiment,W6 significantly reduced the phenolic acid contents of replanted soil,lowered the abundance of the harmful fungus Fusarium solani,and increased soil enzyme activities,thereby improving the micro-ecological environment of replant soil.W6 increased the root antioxidant enzyme activity and leaf photosynthetic pigment content of replanted Malus hupehensis Rehd.seedlings,effectively alleviating the decrease in net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate and stomatal conductance caused by ARD.In a field experiment,W6 also promoted the growth of replanted apple(the rootstock is M9T337 and the scion is Yanfu 3)saplings.Therefore,W6 can promote apple growth and degrade phenolic acids,and it can be used as an effective treatment for the reduction of ARD.

The Utility of the Galea in Scalp Reconstruction

Total scalp avulsion is a time-sensitive, catastrophic injury requiring quick, complex decision-making. Traditionally, these injuries were treated with split-thickness skin grafts. With advancements in microsurgery, treatments evolved to scalp replantation, becoming the standard of care in scalp reconstruction. Although the integrity of the scalp’s blood vessels is pivotal for successful replantation, the authors believe that scalp replantation should be considered at all costs. In the presented case, a 54-year-old female presented to the emergency room following an incident with an auger that completely avulsed her scalp. She was taken back to the operating room, where scalp replantation was performed. Following replantation, scalp necrosis led to serial debridings in the operating room, and eventually, all of the scalp was debrided down to healthy tissue. Surprisingly, the galea survived despite this, which provided a healthy base for skin grafts. Before definitive coverage was placed, it was decided to utilize a bilaminar acellular dermal matrix along with negative pressure wound therapy to create a more robust bed of granulation tissue. After three weeks of this treatment plan, the patient returned to the operating room, where a healthy, viable bed of granulating tissue was revealed beneath the dermal matrix. Split-thickness skin grafts were taken from her thighs bilaterally and sewn together in a quilt-like fashion to cover the wound bed. The entirety of the graft healed without complication except for one small area that required full-thickness skin grafting in an outpatient setting. Even though the replantation ultimately failed, it allowed the galea to survive, which saved the patient from undergoing a free tissue transfer and allowed her scalp to be reconstructed with split-thickness skin grafts. Even in the setting of polytrauma, the authors hope that anyone treating a scalp avulsion would consider scalp replantation at all costs.

The Effect of Modified Postoperative Treatment on Finger Replantation Survival Rate

Objective:To explore the clinical effect of modified treatment after finger replantation and its impact on the survival rate of replantation.Methods:The research was conducted from March 2022 to March 2023.A total of 58 patients who underwent finger replantation at our hospital were selected.These patients were divided into two groups using the digital table grouping method:the research group(n=29)and the control group(n=29).Patients in the control group received standard treatment following finger replantation,while patients in the study group received modified treatment after the procedure.The incidence of vascular crisis and the survival rate of replantation were compared between the two groups.Results:The incidence of vascular crisis in the study group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05);the replantation survival rate in the study group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Modified treatment after replantation of severed fingers can reduce the incidence of vascular crisis replantation and improve the survival rate of replantation,so it should be popularized and applied in medical institutions.

Towards Sustainable Oil Palm Plantation Management: Effects of Plantation Age and Soil Parent Material

This study was conducted to generate information required to guide plantation management in relation to replanting on soils derived from different parent materials. Six oil palm estates in coastal lowlands of southwest Cameroon were considered. Oil palm yield data (in t&#8901;ha&#8722;1 of fresh fruit bunch, FFB) and corresponding age of palms (in years after planting, YAP) were obtained for the various estates. In all the estates, average yields were &#8901;FFB&#8901;ha&#8722;1 and highly variable. Plantation age, solely, explained between 20% - 58% of the variation in yield. The highest average yields (11.5 t&#8901;FFB&#8901;ha&#8722;1) were obtained in plantations aged between 9 and 18 YAP and the lowest (4.66 t&#8901;FFB&#8901;ha&#8722;1) were obtained in old plantations (>23 YAP). Plantations located on volcanic parent materials generally had higher yields compared to those established on sedimentary parent materials. In order to intensify production and increase yields while conserving the environment, one important measure to consider is the replacement of aged palms, and the recommended optimal replanting age in coastal plains of southwest Cameroon should be at most 23 YAP. Estimated mean yields, if aged palms are replanted on time, can increase by 43% - 65%. Additionally, site-specific nutrient management options should be considered in plantation intensification programs.

Maintaining Sustainability and Resilience in Rangeland Ecosystems

Rangelands contribute to human well-being worldwide.However,its fragile ecosystems are threatened due to inappropriate management that has been leading to its degradation in African rangelands in general and in Ethiopian rangelands in particular.Rangeland degradation is attributable to both natural and anthropogenic causes.Restoring degraded areas by replanting using native species is one of the most promising sustainable rangeland management tools to fight the degradation in the rangelands and enhance resilience in the face of environmental shocks.Restoration improves vegetation cover and biomass yield and enhances other ecosystem services.Native drought-tolerant species have produced promising rehabilitation outcomes and have been recommended for the restoration of degraded rangeland areas.Replanting using native species remains a viable sustainable management option to enhance resilience in the face of environmental shocks.Therefore,to maintain the sustainability and resilient rangeland ecosystems,comprehensive approaches and strategies suitable for rangelands need to be revitalized,developed,strengthened and promoted.

Changes in fungal community and diversity in strawberry rhizosphere soil after 12 years in the greenhouse

Soil fungi play a very important role in the soil ecological environment. In agricultural production, long-term monoculture and continuous cropping lead to changes in fungal community diversity. However, the effects of long-term monoculture and continuous cropping on strawberry plant health and fungal community diversity have not been elucidated. In this study, using high-throughput sequencing(HTS), we compared the fungal community and diversity of strawberry rhizosphere soil after various durations of continuous cropping(0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 years). The results showed that soil fungal diversity increased with consecutive cropping years. Specifically, the soil-borne disease pathogens Fusarium and Guehomyces were significantly increased after strawberry continuous cropping, and the abundance of nematicidal(Arthrobotrys) fungi decreased from the fourth year of continuous cropping. The results of correlation analysis suggest that these three genera might be key fungi that contribute to the changes in soil properties that occur during continuous cropping. In addition, physicochemical property analysis showed that the soil nutrient content began to decline after the fourth year of continuous cropping. Spearman's correlation analysis showed that soil pH, available potassium(AK) and ammonium nitrogen(NH_4^+-N) were the most important edaphic factors leading to contrasting beneficial and pathogenic associations across consecutive strawberry cropping systems.

Evaluation of sensory function and recovery after replantation of fingertips at ZoneⅠin children

Sensory function is the most significant criterion when evaluating the prognosis of replanted fingers. Current clinical research has focused on surgical techniques and indications for finger replantation; however, few studies have focused on recovery of finger sensory function after replantation. This study retrospectively assessed data of eight patients who had undergone nine Zone I replantations of the fingertips in the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University of China from July 2014 to January 2016. Variations in the extent of damage, with the residual vessels or nerves in some fingers being too short or even missing, prevented tension-free suture repair in some patients. Thus, repair of four of the nine fingertips included arteriovenous anastomosis, the remaining five undergoing arterial anastomosis during replantation of the amputated fingers. Three patients underwent nerve repair, whereas the remaining six cases did not. Fingertip replantations were successful in all eight patients. Compared with the patients without vascular anastomosis, no obvious atrophy was visible in the fingertips of patients who did undergo vascular anastomosis during replantation and their sensory function did recover. Fingertip replantation provides good sensory function and cosmetic outcomes when good artery and vein anastomoses have been created, even when digital nerves have not been repaired.

Effects of Soil Texture on the Growth of Young Apple Trees and Soil Microbial Community Structure Under Replanted Conditions

A two-year field experiment was carried out in order to study the occurrence degree and mechanism of apple replant disease(ARD)in the apple orchards with different soil textures.So we can adopt appropriate controlmeasures according to the severity of ARD.Healthy two-year-old seedlings with consistent growth were selected,of which the root stock was T337 and the scion was Yanfu 3.There were significant differences in biomass between methyl bromide fumigation and replanted treatments,and the difference was the largest in clay loam,followed by sandy loam,and loam,which verified ARD in clay loam was most serious,followed by sandy loam and loam.Based on high-throughput sequencing of fungi in soil samples,fungal richness and diversity were the highest in clay loam,followed by sandy loam,and loam.The relative abundance of Fusarium in SX,SL,FX,FL,WX and WL was 7.33%,19.32%,2.70%,4.24%,10.71%and 23.87%,respectively.Based on Real-time quantitative analysis,there were significant differences in the number of Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani between methyl bromide fumigation and replanted treatments,i.e.,clay loam>sandy loam>loam.Fusarium was the main pathogen causing ARD.This shows that ARD is the most serious under replanted clay loam condition.High-throughput sequencing technology was used to prove the difference in Fusarium was one of the important reasons for ARD under different soil textures.This technology provides a new idea for the prevention and control of ARD.

Adverse Effects of Allelopathy from Legume Crops and Its Possible Avoidance

Plant releases many bioactive chemicals from its various parts such as leaves, stem, root and sometimes decomposed body through different mechanism into its surrounding environment. These bioactive chemicals are often termed as allelochemicals because they interact with the surrounding environment. This interaction is either positive or negative. Effects of allelochemicals to the agricultural and biological ecosystem are well documented. In leguminosae family many species are involved in releasing of allelochemicals. Many researchers found that this allelochemicals have both positive and detrimental effects on the successive legume crops. Legume monoculture is common in many parts of the world where they cause a numbers of ecological and economic problems such as decline in crop yield due to soil sickness, regeneration failure and replant problem. These negative effects of allelochemicals open a great concern on allelopathy research. This article reviews the adverse effects of allelochemicals, their extraction and isolation, mechanism inside the plant body. These all are done to find out the possible selection methods of succeeding crops to avoid the allelopathic effects in the next crop of a monoculture farm field. The main purpose of this article is to highlight the adverse allelopathic effects of legume crops to provide ways for sustainable development in agro-ecosystem.

Supermicroscopy and arterio-venolization for digit replantation in young children after traumatic amputation: Two case reports

BACKGROUND To report the application of supermicroscopy combined with arterio-venolization without venous anastomosis for replantation of digits following traumatic amputation in young children.CASE SUMMARY In March 2016,we treated two children aged 2 years and 7 years with traumatic digit amputation,no venous anastomosis,and bilateral digital inherent arteries on the palmar side.Supermicroscopy combined with an arteriovenous technique was adopted to improve the replantation surgery.Postoperative management involved auxiliary treatments such as anticoagulation,composure,antiinflammatory drugs,and insulation.After treatment,the amputated fingers survived completely without major complications,with good recovery.CONCLUSION Supermicroscopy combined with arterio-venolization is a safe and effective approach to treat traumatic digit amputation in young children without venous anastomosis.

Intentional replantation combined root resection therapy for the treatment of typeⅢradicular groove with two roots:A case report

BACKGROUND A radicular groove is an anatomic malformation that usually initiates at the central fossa,extending along the root at varying lengths and depths and predisposes the involved tooth to a severe periodontal defect.Severe grooves that extend to the root apex often lead to complex combined periodontal-endodontic lesions.They are a serious challenge for doctors to diagnose and treat.CASE SUMMARY In this report,we described a patient with a maxillary lateral incisor with a deep palatogingival groove with two roots,which led to complex combined periodontal-endodontic lesions.Suggested treatment modalities included curettage of the affected tissues,elimination of the groove by grinding and/or sealing with a variety of filling materials,and surgical procedures.In this case,a combination of endodontic therapy,intentional replantation,and root resection were used,which resulted in periodontal/periradicular healing after 12 mo.CONCLUSION Intentional replantation and root resection offer a predictable procedure and should be considered a viable treatment modality for the management of palatogingival grooves,especially for two-rooted teeth.

Management of type IIIb dens invaginatus using a combination of root canal treatment,intentional replantation,and surgical therapy:A case report

BACKGROUND TypeⅢb dens invaginatus(DI)with a lateral canal located at the mid-third of the root is rarely reported.Here,we report a rare case of typeⅢb DI in the left upper anterior tooth with a lateral canal that led to persistent periodontitis.CASE SUMMARY A 15-year-old female patient presented with a chief complaint of pain associated with recurrent labial swelling in the area of the left anterior tooth.A diagnosis of typeⅢb DI and chronic periodontitis was made.Intentional replantation was performed after conventional endodontic treatment failed.After 6 mo,the patient was asymptomatic,but a sinus tract was observed.Cone-beam computed tomography images showed bone loss in the mesial of the mid-root.Based on methylene blue staining and microscopy images,the lateral foramen located at the middle third of the root was surgically treated.After 3 years of follow-up,the clinical findings and radiographic assessment presented a favorable prognosis of bone healing without root absorption or ankylosis.CONCLUSION TypeⅢb DI with a lateral canal can be successfully treated by root canal treatment,intentional replantation,and surgical therapy.

New approach for the treatment of vertical root fracture of teeth:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Vertical root fracture(VRF)is one of the most common reasons for tooth extraction,although various methods have been applied for saving teeth with VRF.CASE SUMMARY This case report describes a woman who had a sinus tract on the labial gingiva of the left maxillary central incisor for past two months.Periodontal probing revealed an 8–10 mm deep,narrow,isolated pocket on the palatal side of the tooth.Clinical and radiographic examination confirmed a longitudinal root fracture.A new approach using a combination of resin and iRoot BP Plus through intentional replantation was used for the treatment of the tooth.At one-year follow-up,the tooth remained asymptomatic with normal periodontal probing depth,and radiographic images showed almost normal bone and periodontal structures around the root.CONCLUSION This new approach may be developed as an effective method for saving teeth with VRF.

帕瑞昔布钠超前镇痛联合臂丛麻醉对断肢(指)术后镇痛的疗效研究

目的:研究帕瑞昔布钠联合臂丛麻醉对断肢(指)术后镇痛的临床疗效。方法:选择择期进行上肢断肢(指)再植手术的患者60例,按照双盲法随机分为两组:超前镇痛组(30例)为麻醉成功后立即给予帕瑞昔布钠40mg(生理盐水稀释2m L);对照组(30例)给予安慰剂生理盐水2m L作对照,观察两组患者术后PCIA的芬太尼用量、MAP、HR、疼痛(NRS)评分及不良反应发生率。结果:超前镇痛组的芬太尼用量明显低于对照组,镇痛有效率较对照组高,且不良反应发生率显著低于对照组。结论:瑞昔布钠联合臂丛麻醉对断肢(指)术后镇痛在效果和安全性上均有明显的优势。

Micro-computerized Three-dimensional Reconstruction of the Palmar Arteries and Its Clinical Significance

Thirty adult upper extremities were used to study the arteries of the hand byangiography,cross-sectional dissection and three-dimensional reconstruction withmicrocomputer.The arterial skeleton of the palm was composed of superficial,deep anddorsal planes.There were three main anastomotic pathways between the radial and ulnararteries or their branches in the radio-ulnar direction,while in the palmar dorsal dirce-tion there were three anastomotic zones between the palrnar and dorsal arterial plancs.The branches of the deep palmar arch radiated distally,proximally,palmarly anddorsally,so that the arch acted as the center of the arterial network of the hand.Thetransverse arterial allocations in the carpo-metacarpal segment of the palm were four intypes,but in the mid-palmar and metacarpo-phalangcal segments were three only.Accord-ing to the sources,cross-sectional area,irrigation territories and anastomoses of the ar-teries in each segment,the clinical significance in the rcplantation of the amputatcd palmshas been

Mechanism of the inhibition of neuroma formation by autogenous nerve replantation in situ after amputation in rabbits

Two experimental patterns of autogenous nerve replantation in situ and centrocentralnerve suture were performed on the rabbit median and ulnar nerves.The results of light andtransmission electron microscopy as well as immunohistochemistry showed that autogenous nervereplantation in situ could inhibit the formation of neuroma.The mechanism might be that twoproximal stump axons could touch within the interpolated graft segment.Simple end-to-endnerve suture failed to inhibit neuroma development because of a lack of proper environment forthe touching between two proximal stump axons.