How to Reproduce the Meaning of the Prose Accurately

The essence of prose lies in expressing meaning and feeling of the prose, describing things and reasoning in real,plain and direct way, which is referred as its natural character. What the prose requires is to strive to make equivalence in the meaning, forms, taste, style and other aspects with the original text. What the prose express is not only the thematic meaning but also the stylistic meaning, in other words, the meaning that was contained in the content and forms. Hilaire Belloc, a famous prolific writer and historian, have formulated the six principles in translation of prose, in which he believes that the essence of translating is the resurrection of an alien thing in a native body.

Formation of MEVEZUG Pure Ovino Reproducers in Tierra Caliente Guerrero,Mexico

The objective of the present work was to obtain pure ovine reproducers.Starting 2010 work began with the sheep herd of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero,located in the municipality of Pungarabato,Guerrero State,México.The faculty is 250 meters above sea level.The climate of the region is warm subhumid,with average temperature between 24 and 30°C,but in the heat season maximum temperatures up to 46°down in the shade.The rainfall regimen is 800-1,200 mm of rainfall per year.The production of sheep in Mexico is characterized mainly by creole animals and crosses are made with pure breeds imported from several European countries and USA.Therefore,there is a need to form local breeds adapted to the climatic conditions and production systems of Mexico.The sheep herd initially had 100 animal of hair,with 70 sheep with their lambs and a reproducer.These animals had phenotype Pelibuey,Black Belly,Doper and Katahdin.As of May 2010,consanguineous crosses were established.During this period the parameters were registered:date and type of birth,weight and sex of the newborn.Data on BW(Birth Weight)of males and females were analyzed by ANOVA(Analysis of Variance)and multiple comparison test was used for the comparison of means(Duncan,1955),with a significance level of P<0.05.The first reproducer was brown tobacco and had antlers,and the females had different phenotypes.Up to the present time,there are twenty studs with their respective descendants,and year 2019 the herd has 100 animals light brown and tobacco with their lambs(30),and a reproducer.The sheep are of medium size with 45 and 60 kg of average weight in females and male,respectively.Out of a total of 326 females and 335 males born,with an average weight of 2.62 kg at birth and a proliferative index of 1.41,20 MEVEZUG males were selected to be used as reproducers in 20 herds distributed in different sheep production units of the state of Guerrero.From the crosses of these breeders to the females of these herds,F1 animals(MEVEZUG×Criollo)are obtained.The sheep of different color to light brown or tobacco are discarded for the supply;the males are fed for the fodder in native meadows with irrigation with 95.17±19.45 g of daily gain of weight.In 2016,the trademark MEVEZUG was registered.It is concluded that to date the color of the breed has been fixed in females and males,which is light brown and tobacco brown,the registered productive indexes are acceptable and work will be continued to improve size and productive indexes,through selection of the best sheep.

Differentially private SGD with random features

In the realm of large-scale machine learning,it is crucial to explore methods for reducing computational complexity and memory demands while maintaining generalization performance.Additionally,since the collected data may contain some sensitive information,it is also of great significance to study privacy-preserving machine learning algorithms.This paper focuses on the performance of the differentially private stochastic gradient descent(SGD)algorithm based on random features.To begin,the algorithm maps the original data into a lowdimensional space,thereby avoiding the traditional kernel method for large-scale data storage requirement.Subsequently,the algorithm iteratively optimizes parameters using the stochastic gradient descent approach.Lastly,the output perturbation mechanism is employed to introduce random noise,ensuring algorithmic privacy.We prove that the proposed algorithm satisfies the differential privacy while achieving fast convergence rates under some mild conditions.

THE SPARSE REPRESENTATION RELATED WITH FRACTIONAL HEAT EQUATIONS

This study introduces a pre-orthogonal adaptive Fourier decomposition(POAFD)to obtain approximations and numerical solutions to the fractional Laplacian initial value problem and the extension problem of Caffarelli and Silvestre(generalized Poisson equation).As a first step,the method expands the initial data function into a sparse series of the fundamental solutions with fast convergence,and,as a second step,makes use of the semigroup or the reproducing kernel property of each of the expanding entries.Experiments show the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed series solutions.

Solving Neumann Boundary Problem with Kernel-Regularized Learning Approach

We provide a kernel-regularized method to give theory solutions for Neumann boundary value problem on the unit ball. We define the reproducing kernel Hilbert space with the spherical harmonics associated with an inner product defined on both the unit ball and the unit sphere, construct the kernel-regularized learning algorithm from the view of semi-supervised learning and bound the upper bounds for the learning rates. The theory analysis shows that the learning algorithm has better uniform convergence according to the number of samples. The research can be regarded as an application of kernel-regularized semi-supervised learning.

Adaptive multi-step piecewise interpolation reproducing kernel method for solving the nonlinear time-fractional partial differential equation arising from financial economics

This paper is aimed at solving the nonlinear time-fractional partial differential equation with two small parameters arising from option pricing model in financial economics.The traditional reproducing kernel(RK)method which deals with this problem is very troublesome.This paper proposes a new method by adaptive multi-step piecewise interpolation reproducing kernel(AMPIRK)method for the first time.This method has three obvious advantages which are as follows.Firstly,the piecewise number is reduced.Secondly,the calculation accuracy is improved.Finally,the waste time caused by too many fragments is avoided.Then four numerical examples show that this new method has a higher precision and it is a more timesaving numerical method than the others.The research in this paper provides a powerful mathematical tool for solving time-fractional option pricing model which will play an important role in financial economics.

The need to develop tailored tools for improving the quality of thematic bibliometric analyses: Evidence from papers published in Sustainability and Scientometrics

Purpose: The aim of this article is to explore up to seven parameters related to the methodological quality and reproducibility of thematic bibliometric research published in the two most productive journals in bibliometrics, Sustainability(a journal outside the discipline) and Scientometrics, the flagship journal in the field.Design/methodology/approach: The study identifies the need for developing tailored tools for improving the quality of thematic bibliometric analyses, and presents a framework that can guide the development of such tools. A total of 508 papers are analysed, 77% of Sustainability, and 23% published in Scientometrics, for the 2019-2021 period.Findings: An average of 2.6 shortcomings per paper was found for the whole sample, with an almost identical number of flaws in both journals. Sustainability has more flaws than Scientometrics in four of the seven parameters studied, while Scientometrics has more shortcomings in the remaining three variables.Research limitations: The first limitation of this work is that it is a study of two scientific journals, so the results cannot be directly extrapolated to the set of thematic bibliometric analyses published in journals from all fields.Practical implications: We propose the adoption of protocols, guidelines, and other similar tools, adapted to bibliometric practice, which could increase the thoroughness, transparency, and reproducibility of this type of research.Originality/value: These results show considerable room for improvement in terms of the adequate use and breakdown of methodological procedures in thematic bibliometric research, both in journals in the Information Science area and journals outside the discipline.

Inhomogeneous Besov and Triebel-Lizorkin spaces associated with a para-accretive function and their applications

In this paper,using inhomogeneous Calderon’s reproducing formulas and the space of test functions associated with a para-accretive function,the inhomogeneous Besov and TriebelLizorkin spaces are established.As applications,pointwise multiplier theorems are also obtained.

A novel method for geometric quality assurance of rock joint replicas in direct shear testing-Part 1:Derivation of quality assurance parameters and geometric reproducibility

Since each rock joint is unique by nature,the utilization of replicas in direct shear testing is required to carry out experimental parameter studies.However,information about the ability of the replicas to simulate the shear mechanical behavior of the rock joint and their dispersion in direct shear testing is lacking.With the aim to facilitate generation of high-quality direct shear test data from replicas,a novel component in the testing procedure is introduced by presenting two parameters for geometric quality assurance.The parameters are derived from surface comparisons of three-dimensional(3D)scanning data of the rock joint and its replicas.The first parameter,smf,captures morphological deviations between the replica and the rock joint surfaces.smf is derived as the standard deviation of the deviations between the coordinate points of the replica and the rock joint.Four sources of errors introduced in the replica manufacturing process employed in this study could be identified.These errors could be minimized,yielding replicas with smf
0.06 mm.The second parameter is a vector,VHp100,which describes deviations with respect to the shear direction.It is the projection of the 100 mm long normal vector of the best-fit plane of the replica joint surface to the corresponding plane of the rock joint.

VHp100

was found to be less than or equal to 0.36 mm in this study.Application of these two geometric quality assurance parameters demonstrates that it is possible to manufacture replicas with high geometric similarity to the rock joint.In a subsequent paper(part 2),smf and VHp100 are incorporated in a novel quality assurance method,in which the parameters shall be evaluated prior to direct shear testing.Replicas having parameter values below established thresholds shall have a known and narrow dispersion and imitate the shear mechanical behavior of the rock joint.

BOUNDEDNESS OF THE CALDER´ON COMMUTATOR WITH A ROUGH KERNEL ON TRIEBEL-LIZORKIN SPACES

In this paper,we consider the boundedness on Triebel-Lizorkin spaces for the d-dimensional Calder´on commutator defined by TΩ,af(x)=p.v.∫R_(d)Ω(x−y)/|x−y|^(d+1)(a(x)−a(y))f(y)dy,where Ω is homogeneous of degree zero,integrable on Sd−1 and has a vanishing moment of order one,and a is a function on Rd such that∇a∈L^(∞)(R^(d)).We prove that if 1<p,q<∞andΩ∈L(log L)^(2 q)(S^(d−1))with q=max{1/q,1/q′},then TΩ,a is bounded on Triebel-Lizorkin spaces˙F_(p)^(0)q(R^(d)).

A Geometrically Exact Triangular Shell Element Based on Reproducing Kernel DMS-Splines

Tomodel amultibody systemcomposed of shell components,a geometrically exact Kirchho-Love triangular shell element is proposed.The middle surface of the shell element is described by using the DMS-splines,which can exactly represent arbitrary topology piecewise polynomial triangular surfaces.The proposed shell element employs only nodal displacement and can automatically maintain C1 continuity properties at the element boundaries.A reproducing DMS-spline kernel skill is also introduced to improve computation stability and accuracy.The proposed triangular shell element based on reproducing kernel DMS-splines can achieve an almost optimal convergent rate.Finally,the proposed shell element is validated via three static problems of shells and the dynamic simulation of aexible multibody system undergoing both overall motions and large deformations.

Reproducibility of Test-Retest Cortical Evoked Responses in Patients with Focal Epilepsy

This exploratory study examined the short-term reliability of cortical auditory evoked responses recorded from patients undergoing whole-head scalp elec-troencephalography (EEG) monitoring to assess their candidacy for surgical treatment of intractable focal seizures. Participants were 26 patients with either left-sided (N = 13) or right-sided focal epilepsy admitted to the hospital for continuous scalp EEG monitoring for possible epilepsy surgery planning. Cortical auditory evoked responses were recorded over multiple days from scalp EEG electrodes using tones presented binaurally in a passive oddball paradigm. Test-retest intervals were 1 - 6 days (mean 2 days). Test-retest reproducibility of the auditory N1 response was assessed by paired t-test (latency) and cross-correlation analysis (amplitude and latency). Within-patient comparisons of test-retest auditory N1 peak latencies revealed no significant differences. The cross-correlation coefficient indicated high test-retest reproducibility of the N1 waveform (rcc = 0.88). Seizure lateralization was not associated with asymmetries in N1 latencies or amplitudes. An N1 amplitude asymmetry (right > left) in patients with focal seizures originating from the left hemisphere was initially observed, but disappeared when patients with prior resections were excluded, suggesting that reduced left hemisphere tissue volume may account for the smaller N1 amplitudes. Test-retest reliability of cortical auditory evoked responses was unexpectedly high in patients with focal epilepsy regardless of seizure lateralization or localization. These findings challenge the view that neural responses are intrinsically unstable (unreliable) in patients with seizures.

Semi-Automated Enzymatic Determination of Ethanol in Beverages: Collaborative Study for RIDA®CUBE Ethanol

Easy and quick methods to quantify ethanol reliably in beverages are always important. In 2022, the EnzytecTM Liquid Ethanol test kit was approved as AOAC Official MethodSM 2017.07 Final Action after a collaborative study was conducted with different beverages such as kombucha, juices, and beer. During set-up of this collaborative test, small sized companies asked to include the RIDA®CUBE Ethanol/RIDA®CUBE SCAN device since it is easy to use, suitable for a few samples only and contains the identical reagents as the EnzytecTM Liquid system. It is applicable to quantify ethanol in diluted kombucha, fruit juices, and alcohol-free beer samples around 0.5% alcohol-by-volume within 12 min. The overall relative reproducibility standard deviation across a wide concentration range for kombucha, was calculated to be 6.29%. Analysis of juices and beer showed an overall higher variation with an estimated overall RSD(R) value by regression of 14.4%. The data obtained by this collaborative study show that the RIDA®CUBE Ethanol in combination with the RIDA®CUBE SCAN device is suitable to quantify ethanol from matrices representing important alcohol-free liquid food categories.

A Sparse Kernel Approximate Method for Fractional Boundary Value Problems

In this paper,the weak pre-orthogonal adaptive Fourier decomposition(W-POAFD)method is applied to solve fractional boundary value problems(FBVPs)in the reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces(RKHSs)W_(0)^(4)[0,1] and W^(1)[0,1].The process of the W-POAFD is as follows:(i)choose a dictionary and implement the pre-orthogonalization to all the dictionary elements;(ii)select points in[0,1]by the weak maximal selection principle to determine the corresponding orthonormalized dictionary elements iteratively;(iii)express the analytical solution as a linear combination of these determined dictionary elements.Convergence properties of numerical solutions are also discussed.The numerical experiments are carried out to illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of W-POAFD for solving FBVPs.

Kernel Thesis Reproduction and Truncated Toeplitz Operators

Important operator characteristics (such boundedness or compactness) for particular classes of operators on particular reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces may be impacted by the behaviour of the operators on the reproducing kernels. These results have been shown for Toeplitz operators on the Paley-Wiener space, a reproducing kernel Hilbert space over C. Furthermore, we show how the norm of such an operator has no relation to the supremum of the norms of the pictures of the normalization reproducing kernels of the space. As a result, if this supremum is finite, the operator is implicitly bounded. To further demonstrate that the operator norm is not the same as the supremum of the norms of the pictures of the real normalized reproducing kernels, another example is also provided. We also set out a necessary and sufficient condition for the operators’ compactness in terms of their limiting function on the reproducing kernels.

Local Radial Basis Function Methods: Comparison, Improvements, and Implementation

Radial Basis Function methods for scattered data interpolation and for the numerical solution of PDEs were originally implemented in a global manner. Subsequently, it was realized that the methods could be implemented more efficiently in a local manner and that the local approaches could match or even surpass the accuracy of the global implementations. In this work, three localization approaches are compared: a local RBF method, a partition of unity method, and a recently introduced modified partition of unity method. A simple shape parameter selection method is introduced and the application of artificial viscosity to stabilize each of the local methods when approximating time-dependent PDEs is reviewed. Additionally, a new type of quasi-random center is introduced which may be better choices than other quasi-random points that are commonly used with RBF methods. All the results within the manuscript are reproducible as they are included as examples in the freely available Python Radial Basis Function Toolbox.

Computational Reproducibility Within Prognostics and Health Management

Scientific research frequently involves the use of computational tools and methods.Providing thorough documentation,open-source code,and data–the creation of reproducible computational research(RCR)–helps others understand a researcher’s work.In this study,we investigate the state of reproducible computational research,broadly,and from within the field of prognostics and health management(PHM).In a text mining survey of more than 300 articles,we show that fewer than 1%of PHM researchers make their code and data available to others.To promote the RCR further,our work also highlights several personal benefits for those engaged in the practice.Finally,we introduce an open-source software tool,called PyPHM,to assist PHM researchers in accessing and preprocessing common industrial datasets.

Reconstruction of Car-Electric Bicycle Side Collision Based on PC-Crash

A collision model, an automobile model and a multi-rigid-body model in PC-crash are analyzed. By simulating a side collision accident between a car and an electric bicycle (EB), a method that reproduces the car-electric bicycle side collision accident based on PC-crash is presented according to some important information such as the final position, the contacting location between the cyclist and the car. A result is obtained by comparing with the reproduced result, the deformation of accident vehicle and the surveillance video. The rollover direction and fells-over sliding direction after the collision and the contacting location and wrap motion of cyclist and electric bicycle are fitting in with the real situation better compared with the reconstruction result in PC-crash. Then the responsive-surface method and MONTEKARLO method are used in MATLAB to analyze the uncertainty of the vehicle speed in reproduced scene results. And the range of values of the pre-collision speed is obtained which makes the reproduced result more objective and convincible that could provide the basis of the accident assessment.

Accuracy Analysis of Low Altitude Photogrammetry with Wide-angle Camera

Firstly,the relationship between the accuracy of low altitude aerial photogrammetry and the field angle of camera is made by a quantitative analysis from the theory.The conclusion that the low altitude photogrammetry should use wide-angle camera as much as possible is done.Then,the limitation of the single lens camera to expand field angle and the combined wide-angle camera existing on the market not suitable for light load of low altitude UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)due to excessive weight are pointed out.The characteristics of combined wide-angle low altitude light camera with self-calibration and self-stabilization developed by the author are described,especially the principle of self-calibration for the combination of static error and dynamic error.Based on the practice of large scale mapping,a technical procedure in aerial photography by taking with wide-angle camera and large overlap simultaneously for improving the accuracy of low altitude photogrammetry is proposed.The typical engineering produced data is used to verity the above theoretical analysis.A technical route for increasing accuracy of low altitude photogrammetry with combined wide-angle camera is expounded.

一张历史照片

此照片中坐石上者焉溥儀,立于石后穿深色坎肩者为隆裕太后,溥儀右一人(照片上左三)为瑾妃,右两人(左一、左二)为慶王奕劻之女。隆裕太后右一人待考,左三人(右一、右二、右三)可能是瑜妃、瑨妃、列妃,亦待考。从衣服来看,拍摄季节当是春夏之交或夏末秋初。徙溥儀體形来看,当是宣统二或三年。档案记載,宣统三年太后舆皇帝自三月至八月驻西苑,不可能在宫内西花園拍照;而慶王之女辛亥年以后不再进宫伺候,则此照当为宣统二年所摄。