基于Web of Science全球小麦低温逆境的研究态势分析

低温逆境已成为限制全球小麦稳产丰产与优质的主要农业气象灾害之一。为客观全面地了解全球小麦低温逆境领域的研究现状和发展趋势,基于Web of Science核心数据库中2000-2020年发表的以“小麦”和“低温”为研究主题的相关文献为数据源,利用CiteSpace可视化分析软件对检索到与主题密切相关的475篇文献从发文数量、发文国家、发文作者、研究机构、研究热点等方面进行统计分析。结果表明:自2000年以来,小麦低温逆境领域年发文数量总体呈波动上升趋势;以中国、美国和加拿大等国家为代表的农业大国均致力于该领域的研究;美国学者Skin⁃ner是该领域发文量最多的作者,与其他学者合作密切的有李向楠和Fowler;该领域文献多发表于《Molecular Genetics and Genomics》和《Annual Review of Plant Biology》等优质期刊上;俄罗斯科学院是该领域发文量最多的科研机构;耐低温小麦新品种培育、耐寒分子生物学研究以及提高小麦产质量等方面成为该领域的研究热点。

基于Web of Science数据库的水稻土土壤微生物研究态势分析

为进一步了解水稻土土壤微生物领域的研究进展和未来发展趋势,基于Web of Science数据库,采用文献计量学的分析方法,分析了2014-2023年水稻土土壤微生物领域文章。结果表明,2014-2023年全球范围内关于水稻土土壤微生物发表文章数量共计768篇,其中美国、印度、中国发文量排在前3位;研究机构中法国国家科学研究中心位居首位,发文量达36篇;中国科学院位列第二,发文量为33篇。该领域研究论文主要发表在Frontiers in Microbiology、Microorganisms和Frontiers in Plant Science;研究学科包括微生物学、农学、分子生物学等相关学科。

基于Web of Science男男性行为相关艾滋病研究热点前沿的可视化分析

目的:运用文献计量学方法分析男男性行为(MSM)相关艾滋病的研究现状、前沿热点和研究趋势,为艾滋病防治研究提供借鉴。方法:计算机检索并收集Web of Science核心合集数据库中与MSM相关艾滋病有关的文献,运用CiteSpace软件进行作者合作分析、机构分布分析,并绘制关键词共现和聚类知识图谱。结果:共纳入MSM相关艾滋病研究文献5221篇,发文量整体呈现上升趋势,发文量最多的国家是美国,发文量最多的机构是加利福尼亚大学旧金山分校,发文量最大的期刊是AIDS and Behavior,Mayer是核心作者,纳入研究的高频关键词为HIV/AIDS,gay men,infection,risk behavior,prevention。结论:MSM相关艾滋病的研究处于积极状态,研究主题丰富,热点集中,作者合作度高。未来还需继续探索积极有效的干预措施,早期和全面识别具有感染风险的MSM人群,快速启动抗逆转录病毒治疗,注重MSM人群心理健康,构建良好的社会支持和照护系统。

Characterizing structure of cross-disciplinary impact of global disciplines:A perspective of the Hierarchy of Science

Purpose:Interdisciplinary fields have become the driving force of modern science and a significant source of scientific innovation.However,there is still a paucity of analysis about the essential characteristics of disciplines’cross-disciplinary impact.Design/methodology/approach:In this study,we define cross-disciplinary impact on one discipline as its impact to other disciplines,and refer to a three-dimensional framework of variety-balance-disparity to characterize the structure of cross-disciplinary impact.The variety of cross-disciplinary impact of the discipline was defined as the proportion of the high cross-disciplinary impact publications,and the balance and disparity of cross-disciplinary impact were measured as well.To demonstrate the cross-disciplinary impact of the disciplines in science,we chose Microsoft Academic Graph(MAG)as the data source,and investigated the relationship between disciplines’cross-disciplinary impact and their positions in the Hierarchy of Science(HOS).Findings:Analytical results show that there is a significant correlation between the ranking of cross-disciplinary impact and the HOS structure,and that the discipline exerts a greater cross-disciplinary impact on its neighboring disciplines.Several bibliometric features that measure the hardness of a discipline,including the number of references,the number of cited disciplines,the citation distribution,and the Price index have a significant positive effect on the variety of cross-disciplinary impact.The number of references,the number of cited disciplines,and the citation distribution have significant positive and negative effects on balance and disparity,respectively.It is concluded that the less hard the discipline,the greater the cross-disciplinary impact,the higher balance and the lower disparity of cross-disciplinary impact.Research limitations:In the empirical analysis of HOS,we only included five broad disciplines.This study also has some biases caused by the data source and applied regression models.Practical implications:This study contributes to the formulation of discipline-specific policies and promotes the growth of interdisciplinary research,as well as offering fresh insights for predicting the cross-disciplinary impact of disciplines.Originality/value:This study provides a new perspective to properly understand the mechanisms of cross-disciplinary impact and disciplinary integration.

An Interview-Based Study of the Factors Influencing the Quality of Professional Training of Science Education Graduates

The proposal of the strategy of developing the country through science education has clarified China’s demand for the development of the science and education industry and the cultivation of science and education talents,and the birth of Science Education majors is an important link in the cultivation of scientific literacy.Based on the grounded theory,we interviewed three Science Education graduates from a university and coded the interview data by using NVivo 12.0 to find eight important factors affecting their professional training and employment choices.The factors are“social factors,”“individual career choice factors,”“campus resources,”“employment advantages,”“professional self-development,”“teacher factors,”“planning for further education and employment,”and“student motivation.”This study analyzes the interaction between the influencing factors,constructs a theoretical model of the influencing factors of the quality of Science Education professional training,explores the problems of the training process of Science Education majors and employment dilemmas,and puts forward corresponding suggestions.

Practice and Reflection on the Science and Technology Propaganda Work of Agricultural Research Institutes in the New Era : A Case Study of Changli Pomology Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences

Taking Changli Fruit Tree Research Institute of Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences as an example,starting from the importance of strengthening scientific and technological propaganda work in agricultural research institutes,the current situation of scientific and technological propaganda work in agricultural research institutes is analyzed in this paper.In response to the problems of lack of targeted evaluation mechanism,lack of distinctive publicity forms,and weak news sensitivity of science and technology propaganda workers in agricultural research institutions,strategies such as establishing a scientific and standardized evaluation system,improving incentive policies,deeply exploring propaganda content,leveraging the joint advantages of new and traditional media,and cultivating and training science and technology propaganda teams are proposed.

Research Progress in FDA’s Focus Areas of Regulatory Science for Drugs and Suggestions for China

Objective To sort out the focus areas of FDA’s scientific supervision and to achieve corresponding results,so as to provide some suggestions for the scientific research and innovation of drug supervision in China.Methods In-depth research was carried out in the fields of safety evaluation tools,clinical trial innovation,new methods of product quality evaluation,information science and so on.Results and Conclusion The research foundation of drug supervision related technology in China is weak,and a systematic supervision system has not been formed.Learning from the scientific experience of drug supervision in the United States,we can promote the development of the focus areas of drug supervision in China.Besides,we should improve the standard management ability while perfecting the regulations and standards system.Lastly,we should establish a system for government and industry-university-research to realize the full-cycle supervision of drugs.

Research Progress on the Development of Modern Agricultural Science and Technology Park

This paper summarizes the typical models,construction theory and development status of modern agricultural science and technology parks at home and abroad,in order to provide a reference for the sustainable development of modern agricultural science and technology parks in China.It is found that at present,the agricultural science and technology park in China is in the stage of quantitative development,neglecting the qualitative construction of the park.This paper points out that the balanced relationship among ecology,economy and society should be adjusted to promote the sustainable development of the park.

RESEARCH ON SCIENCE PARKS IN CHINA: 1984-1994

1. The development of science parks (SPs) in China has made big strides since the early 1980s, together with the initiation and development of the structural reforms carried out in the fields of the economy, science and technology, and education. Currently there are 52 SPs in China. They together with the special economic zones (SEZs) and the economical and technological develop ment zones (ETDZs), have given a powerful impetus toeconomic development in China by forming a new framework of accelerated economic development.

基于Web of Science的《Cell Research》期刊文献计量研究

以《Cell Research》期刊2003年-2013年度SCI论文为例,利用Web of Science数据库,从论文收录量、文献类型、国家/地区、作者机构、引文量、高被引论文、引文国别、引文机构、期刊影响因子与期刊分区等方面开展文献计量统计分析。研究结果表明,《Cell Research》期刊的被引频次、影响因子、期刊排序和期刊分区呈现递增的趋势。基本科学指标数据库数据显示,高被引论文在6 514种科技期刊中位居804。充分说明了该刊国际影响力,同时也显示出其强劲的上升态势。从《Cell Research》期刊发文和引文的国别与机构等数据可以看出该刊的国际化程度。通过科学、客观地评价《Cell Research》发展进程,为中国科技期刊提高办刊质量提供科学的数据。

基于Web of Science的结肠镜肠道准备质量相关研究的可视化分析

目的:了解近10年来结肠镜肠道准备质量相关研究内容现状、热点及发展特征。方法:收集Web of Science数据库中2012年1月1日—2021年12月31日结肠镜肠道准备质量研究领域的相关文献,结合Web of Science引文分析及VOSviewer软件绘制网络图谱,分析该领域的研究现状及热点趋势。结果:共选入1495篇文献,显示近10年来发文量呈逐步上升趋势,美国发文量最多;目前研究热点主要在检查前肠道准备质量、结直肠癌的筛查、腺瘤检出率、肠道清洁剂等;新兴研究方向主要在人工智能、清肠剂NER1006、智能手机、盲肠插管率、教育等。结论:国内外结肠镜肠道准备质量相关研究发展迅速,我国在结肠镜肠道准备相关研究上仍有很大的发展空间,结肠镜检查肠道准备过程中智能设备的应用以及病人健康教育干预措施、肠道准备流程改善可能是未来的研究热点。

Science Researches of Chinese Manned Space Flight

With the complete success of the 2nd stage of Chinese Manned Space Program(CMSP),several science researches have been performed on Tiangong-1 experimental spacelab, which was docked with three Shenzhou spaceships one after another. The China's real spacelab, Tiangong-2 will be launched in 2015, docked with a Shenzhou spaceship soon. After six months, it will be docked with the first Chinese cargo ship(Tianzhou-1). More space science researches, involving with space biology, fluid physics, fundamental physics, materials science, Earth science, astronomy and space environmental science, will be operated on Tiangong-2 spacelab, and crewed and cargo spaceships. Furthermore, the considerable large-scale space utilization of Shina's Space Station is planned. The research fields include yet not limited to space medicine and physiology, space life science and biotechnology, fluid physics and combustion in microgravity, space material science,and fundamental physics in microgravity, space astronomy, Earth science, space physics and space environment utilization, technology demonstration.

Operating Experience of Country’s Agricultural Science and Technological Park

Through the analysis of the operation of China’s agricultural science technological and development process, the paper summed up the basic experience of agricultural science technological park and operation mode, in order to run at all levels of agricultural science technological park of science and regional some beneficial references for the development of agricultural economy.

基于Web of Science的水凝胶伤口敷料研究热点可视化分析

目的 分析2018年1月1日至2022年12月25日内水凝胶伤口敷料的研究状况、热点与发展趋势,为国内学者对水凝胶伤口敷料的研究提供参考。方法 以“水凝胶伤口敷料”为主题,检索Web of Science核心合集数据库与“水凝胶伤口敷料”相关主题文献;应用CiteSpace 6.2.R2软件对作者、国家、关键词进行可视化分析。结果 本研究共纳入文献2335篇,年度发文量呈线性增长趋势,且研究热度不断高涨。中国是该领域发文量最多的国家(1241篇)。水凝胶伤口敷料在2018年1月1日至2022年12月25日的研究热点是糖尿病伤口的治疗、3D打印水凝胶、药物递送、新型水凝胶材料的研究。当前的研究前沿为修饰水凝胶的新型材料邻苯二酚。结论 中国在水凝胶伤口敷料的研究领域中处于领先地位,水凝胶伤口敷料受到国内研究学者的广泛关注,未来该领域的研究需要加强国际的合作研究。

基于Web of Science家庭肠外营养研究的文献计量分析

目的基于Web of Science数据库分析2012—2021年家庭肠外营养研究的热点与趋势,以期为日后相关研究提供参考。方法通过Web of Science数据库检索2012—2021年家庭肠外营养研究的相关文献,应用CiteSpace 6.1.R2软件对国家机构、期刊、共被引及关键词等文献特征进行统计分析。结果2012—2021年,发文量整体呈现波动增长,2020年达到峰值,其中发文数量多及影响力高的国家、机构、期刊多分布于美国、英国等。研究热点涉及家庭肠外营养的管理、生活质量与生存率研究及并发症的处置等,研究趋势为营养不良、中心静脉伴随血源感染、瞬态弹性成像、纤维化等。结论2012—2021年,家庭肠外营养的研究受到国际上的广泛关注,但也反映出我国目前在该领域研究的不足,后续应围绕热点与趋势加强该领域的临床实践与研究。

Meru University of Science and Technology Research Ethics Review System: A SWOT Analysis

The objectives of this article are as follows: 1) to propose a university research ethics system framework, 2) to provide a brief anatomy of the Meru University of Science and Technology (MUST) Institutional Research Ethics Review Committee (MIRERC), 3) to perform a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats) analysis of MIRERC, and 4) to make recommendations for improving its performance. The 13-member multi-disciplinary MIRERC was established in April 2017 to provide effective ethical oversight of research undertaken by the University’s scholarly community. Strengths of the MUST research ethics review system include a functional MIRERC, a pertinent national law and ethical guidelines, an Innovation and Enterprise Centre that could house a dedicated MIRERC Secretariat, and a supportive University Management Board. The weaknesses include lack of graduate schools to assure scientific rigor of proposals before submission to the MIRERC, lack of research ethics training in most school’s curricula, absence of a dedicated MIRERC Secretariat, undergraduate research proposals being not ethically reviewed, dearth of faculty trained in research ethics, and lack of an operating budget for MIRERC work. The opportunities include existence of about 22 accredited Institutional Research Ethics Review Committees (IRERC) in Kenya, existence of international standards and operational guidance for ethics review, availability of guidelines and codes of best ethical practices in research, existence of a free automated platform called Research for Health Innovation Organizer (RHInnO) Ethics for managing the ethics review process, and availability of external resources for strengthening IRERCs. In order to improve the performance and sustainability of the MUST research ethics system, there is need to include research ethics training in all undergraduate and post-graduate curricula, create a dynamic database of potential research ethics reviewers, allocate a percentage of the annual MUST research budget for MIRERC operations, charge a graduated fee for proposal ethics review, require all students’ and faculties’ internal and external research proposals be cleared by the MIRERC, and use the RHInnO Ethics platform to manage the ethics review process.

基于Web of Science脑卒中质性研究文献计量学分析

目的本文采用文献计量学方法分析脑卒中质性研究的发展状况、研究热点和研究前沿。方法计算机检索2012年1月至2021年12月Web of Science数据库的核心数据合集发表的脑卒中质性研究相关文献。应用CiteSpace软件对脑卒中质性研究文献的分布特征、研究热点和研究前沿进行分析。结果共筛选出846篇文献,涉及86个国家/地区。英国、美国、澳大利亚国家在该领域成果较多,医疗保障、流行、初级保健、预防是研究的热点和前沿。结论脑卒中质性研究相关领域得到了持续关注,且关注度持续上升。英国在该领域有坚实的研究基础。Mant J是该领域的代表研究人员。未来脑卒中质性研究应着重关注:第一,关注卒中患者及照顾者需求,提高其生活质量;第二,注重预防和保健,加强多学科合作与交流,减轻脑卒中总体负担。

Research integration for health sciences libraries

This article is a case study of an innovative academic health sciences library initiative that describes the planning and events in the inaugural year of a new library research program. In response to emerging trends in health sciences libraries to increase research skills of librarians in order to foster expanded research integration within the health sciences disciplines,the University of Michigan Taubman Health Sciences Library established an EXPERT Research Initiative. This new program is part of the strategic planning for the future of the library and is focused on three primary goals： expanding the library＇s research portfolio,building librarians＇ research skills and competencies,and increasing the library＇s research visibility. The article highlights five library projects that illustrate the different kinds of research collaborations librarians are engaged in with health sciences faculty,researchers,clinicians,and students.

Spatial Heterogeneity of Agricultural Science and Technology Parks Technology Diffusion: A Case Study of Yangling ASTP

Agricultural science and technology parks(ASTPs) represent an important growth pole in China’s agricultural modernization.Clarifying their diffusion laws can optimize the technological diffusion process and improve its efficiency. Our study uses disaggregated spatial information in its model to analyze ASTP technology diffusion in a heterogeneous space. We constructed a comprehensive index system to evaluate the diffusion environmental quality and introduced the heterogeneous diffusion equation to calculate the technological diffusion probability. We applied this framework to a real-world scenario: the apple planting technology diffusion of the Yangling ASTP in the Loess Plateau, China. The results indicated: (1)the technological diffusion environment of the Loess Plateau advantageous apple producing area showed strong spatial heterogeneity caused by climate, topography, and external transportation links.(2) Under the combined effects of distance and spatial heterogeneity, the spatial diffusion pattern of the Yangling ASTP apple technology was expansion diffusion supplemented by hierarchical diffusion and banded diffusion, and (3) ASTP technology diffusion showed a strong distance attenuation effect, and the frictional effect of distance can be decreased by improving the diffusion environmental quality. These laws can promote regional balanced ASTP-driven development.