Valuation of Ecosystem Services:Research Progress and Prospects

The ecosystem services are material base and natural capital for sustainable development of human being. Valuation of ecosystem services is favorable for people realizing the importance of natural ecosystem to human being, and considering its long-term influence on sustainable development of human society when making decisions. Besides, it is an attempt of ecology, geography and other natural sciences to influence social decision process by economic methods. The Value of the World's Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital, written by Robert Costanza et al., in 1997, is generally regarded as a masterpiece for the research of valuing ecosystem services. However, the classifying standard of ecosystem services, the method of various services summation and the purpose for static global value, had confronted many criticisms. Still to now, accurately valuing ecosystem services is not easy, because of the complexity of natural ecosystem, the weak capability of economic system to pricing ecosystem services and the lack of more study in this field. Based on the criticisms summarizing and comprehensive analysis, further study suggestions of ecosystem services valuation is presented: multi-scale integrated and community participation applied in evaluation, dynamic changes of material value and intangible value of ecosystem services, investigation and simulation studies of the marginal value when ecosystem services changed, associated with related areas like ecological compensation research, and research on the market-oriented evaluation of ecosystem's intangible values.

Beyond Biochar-Soil, Plant and Environment: Research Progress and Future Prospects

Since industrial revolution, the atmospheric CO2 concentration has kept a continuous increase by more than 2.2 ppm yr^-1, and approaches to almost 400 ppm at present （Jouzel 2012）. China has become the largest country of greenhouse gas emission （GHG）, and confronts with great challenge to mitigate GHG.

Research advances of Galliformes since 1990 and future prospects

Background: Galliformes are widely distributed throughout the world and economically important to humans as domesticated animals or gamebirds. They are at a unique position for advancing knowledge and techniques of wildlife conservation as the barometer of the status of applied ecology. Populations of many galliform species have declined mainly due to habitat loss and over-hunting. An assessment of knowledge of Galliformes could help to provide guidelines for future research and conservation strategies.Methods: Using the Web of Science search engine, we conducted a literature review of galliform-related articles published from 1990 to 2016. We used the "research area" option to filter articles focused on the zoology, environmental sciences ecology, biodiversity conservation, forestry, behavioral sciences, reproductive biology, biochemistry and molecular biology, cell biology, genetics and heredity, evolutionary biology, physiology and developmental biology. We then checked duplication based on the title, abstract and full text. In addition, we examined the reference lists of selected studies to include the publications that were missed by above searching.Results: We retained 1874 articles related to the Galliformes from the initial 243,128 publications that were found. About 91.4% focused on one or two species, and 85.0% were conducted within a short duration, typically 1–2 years. The majority of the articles concentrated on macroscopic ecology(55.5%), mainly focusing on habitat selection or habitat use. With recent advances of molecular biology, the studies of taxonomy and phylogenetics rose quickly in last two decades. The study of physiology and biochemistry was no longer limited to simple description but expanded to the mechanisms of phenotype and micro-evolutionary potential. An additional area receiving increasing attention is the conservation of Galliformes, with the assessment of the conservation status and conservation management effectiveness of Galliformes(e.g. species diversity and genetic diversity) becoming the focus.Conclusions: The studies on Galliformes have made great achievements since 1990, but there are still gaps, particularly in macroscopic ecology, molecular genetics, and conservation. There is an urgent need to enhance long-term monitoring and analysis of population dynamics, and applying different disciplines to galliform conservation. Moreover, life history information of many galliform species is still lacking, which has hindered conservation efforts and effectiveness. In addition, multidiscipline studies and new technologies are not common for galliform studies, and should be encouraged.

The Research Progress and Prospect Analysis of Germ-Remaining Rice Whitener

In this paper, the backdrop and significance of the research of germ-remaining rice whitener firstly were expatiated. Then, the study progress in China and overseas was summarized. Lastly, the research prospect of this kind of whitener in China was analyzed. It is hoped that it can coach the design of germ-remaining rice whitener.

Research progress and prospect of interaction between rock engineering and geo-environments

In recent years, a large number of geotechnical engineering projectshave been completed or under construction in China, such asthe Three Gorges Dam Project, Expressway Network Plan, South-to-North Water Diversion Project, West-to-East Gas Pipeline Project,etc. （Wang, 2003; Li, 2010; Huang, 2011; She and Lin, 2014）. Theconstruction of large-scale geotechnical engineering not onlybrings huge economic benefits, but also causes large interferenceto the lithosphere and hydrosphere that we rely on for survival（Wang et al., 2005）. This paper focuses on the interaction mechanismof rock engineering and geo-environments in the fields of urbanunderground space utilization, natural gas hydrate exploitationand high-level radioactive waste disposal.

China's Manganese Geological Research and Prospecting have Achieved Great Breakthrough

Data announced by the Chinese Ministry of Land and Resources in 2015 suggest that China has discovered more than 480 manganese ore-producing areas, with manganese ore resource reserves up to 1.22 billion tons, including 0.303 billion tons of basic reserves and 0.915 billion tons amount of resource. Among these reserves, manganese carbonate ores account for 56%, manganese oxide ores （including spongy manganese ores） accounts for 25%, and other types of manganese ore occupy 19%. Rich ores with 〉30% manganese content only account for 5% of the total resource amount, and the remaining 95% are poor manganese ores. Since 1983 when China first began to import, the imported manganese ores have increased annually by 25%. In 2001, the annual imported manganese ores reached 1.71 million tons. From 2010, the annual imported manganese ores increased by greater than 45%, reaching up to 12 million tons in 2015. Thus it seemed that the shortage of manganese ore resources will be a longterm phenomenon for China＇s economic development.

Progress and Prospects of Salt Lake Research in China

1 Introduction Salt lakes in China distributes in the east part of the salt lake belt of Northern Hemisphere,and they originated under complex morphological and geological background.The QT Plateau and its northern areas belong to active tectonic zone and stable tectonic zone respectively.With elevation varies from more than 5000 m to the lowest of-

Research Status and Prospect of Biological Manufacturing in China

The concept,research content and direction of biological manufacturing were elaborated in this text. The biological manufacturing progress in China,application situation,development trend and existing problems were analyzed,and the prospect of the development of biological manufacturing was put forward,in order to provide reference and guidance for the manufacture of biological research and industrial development.

Research Hotspots and Prospects of Third-Tier Construction Industrial Heritage

From the perspective of bibliometric analysis, based on the data of 286 related literature retrieved and screened in the CNKI database, coOC software is used for data processing, and the relevant knowledge graphs such as the amount of publication, authors, and keywords in the field of third-line heritage research are plotted. The results show that the attention to third-line heritage research in China is increasing day by day, and the overall volume of publications shows a rapid growth trend;The authors’ clusters are scattered and do not form a broad and close network of cooperation;The research hotspots focus on the protection and reuse of third-line heritage, and the quantitative research methods are insufficient. In the future, the breadth and depth of third-line heritage research need to be expanded.

Research Progress and Prospect of County-wide Finance in China between 1991 and 2013 Based on Bibliometric Method

In order to visually and comprehensively grasp scientific research progress of the county-wide finance in China,and explore new breakthrough point of county-wide finance studies,this paper took China National Knowledge Infrastructure( CNKI) database as research platform and made a bibliometrical study of literature indexed in CNKI between 1991 and 2013 by advanced search method. Results indicate that relevant researches take on the trend of firstly increasing then decreasing and finally steady; research hot spots mainly focus on county-wide finance and county-wide economy,county-wide inclusive finance,and county-wide finance exclusion. Based on literature review,it found subject research of county-wide finance and county-wide economic issue has become a relatively mature issue. The extension research of countywide finance exclusion and inclusive finance is devoted to remove finance exclusion. This research is a blind spot in this field and may become a breakthrough point of stimulating re-growth of county-wide finance researches.

Current Status and Prospect of Process Research in CISRI

The Central Iron and Steel Research Institute(CISRI),directly under the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry(MMI),is a comprehensive research institute mainly engaged in the research and development of new metallic materials and new iron and steel process.With the rapid development of China’s iron and steel industry,CISRI has also made a great progress since it was established more than 40 years ago.In 1994,the steel output of

机器学习视角下风味分子研究及其在茉莉花茶中的应用

旨在探讨机器学习在风味分子研究领域的应用,尤其是其在茉莉花茶风味分析中的实践。风味分子的研究是理解和优化食品、特别是茶类饮品味道和品质的基础。机器学习技术的引入为风味分子的识别和分析打开了新的视野。概述了风味分子的基本概念和研究方法,详细讨论了机器学习在解析分子结构与风味特性关系、茉莉花茶品质预测与控制、风味分析、预测与优化、智能化加工等方面的应用,并提出了研究展望,以期为提升茉莉花茶的品质和茶产业发展提供技术支持。

基于人水和谐视角的国家水网优化布局构想与展望

国家水网建设有助于缓解当前日益复杂的人水矛盾,基于人水和谐论开展国家水网优化布局研究,能够为国家水网建设提供新的思路。本文从人水和谐的视角出发,通过梳理国家水网提出过程,分析现阶段国家水网建设中亟待解决的问题,在此基础上辨析人水和谐论对国家水网优化布局的指导作用;进一步以人水和谐理念为引领,从指导理论、基本原则、布局方法、关键内容与研究途径等方面提出了国家水网优化布局的构建框架;从促进人与自然和谐共生、实现综合效益最优发挥、支撑国家安全总体保障、助力先进文化繁荣发展、建设现代水网智慧服务5个方面描绘了国家水网优化布局的蓝图;从理论、方法、技术、支撑体系4个方面对国家水网优化布局未来研究进行展望。

富油煤研究进展与趋势

富油煤是集煤、油、气属性于一身的煤基油气资源,针对国内“相对富煤、缺油、少气”的能源禀赋,开发富油煤对缓解我国紧张的油气资源供应局势、实现煤炭的绿色开发和低碳利用具有重要的意义。以富油煤为主要关键词,通过CNKI和Web of Science数据库检索自1985-2023年底已公开发表的学术论文和专利,统计分析富油煤的发展历程和主要研究内容,梳理了富油煤研究的热点方向与前沿领域,展望了未来发展趋势。研究发现:富油煤热解、赋存特征及沉积环境、孔隙和分子结构、焦油产率预测、微生物降解、资源潜力及开发利用是当前富油煤研究热点内容。富油煤含有热解可生成油气的富氢结构,如脂肪结构的侧链与桥键及缩合芳香核周缘的弱键结构;富油煤多形成于陆相沉积物供应稳定、气候温暖湿润、强还原条件下的沉积环境;孔隙结构影响富油煤的热解反应效率、焦油析出和油气运移,而分子结构(主要为脂肪族氢含量和富氢弱键)决定了富油煤的生油潜力;富油煤通过微生物的水解、发酵、产氢产乙酸和产甲烷4个阶段向油气转化。随着地质选区技术瓶颈突破及多学科交叉与融合,富油煤富油性评价指标与预测方法、富氢组分的来源与定量判识、原位开发围岩封闭性及其评价方法、微生物降解与热解联作技术将成为今后研究的热点方向。研究成果为厘清当前富油煤的研究方向和未来走势奠定了基础。

乡村旅游研究30年:国内外文献回顾与展望

乡村振兴是国家实现共同富裕目标的重要一环,乡村旅游是推动乡村振兴的重要手段之一.文章借助CiteSpace可视化软件,选取CNKI中国知网1 118篇中文文献和Web of Science(WOS)核心数据库1 803篇英文文献作为数据样本,对近30年来国内外乡村旅游高质量文献进行梳理和总结,分析和对比国内外乡村旅游研究的进程和热点,并对乡村旅游未来的研究趋势进行展望.结果表明:1)国内对乡村旅游的研究呈现三个阶段的特点;2)国内研究热点聚焦于乡村旅游的社区参与、产业融合和产业升级等方面;国外研究热点关注于乡村旅游目的地形象、可持续乡村旅游以及大数据在乡村旅游中的应用等方面;3)未来乡村旅游研究可从利益分配问题、多学科的拓展研究、经验本土化、数字化、乡村振兴政策结合、人与自然的协调等六个方面展开进一步的研究.

人工智能何以赋能教育评价——基于国际研究热点和前沿的分析与启示

为探索教育评价研究的新技术和新方法,把握智能时代教育评价的新规律,该文以Web of Sicence数据库中相关文献为样本,基于高影响力作者、高频关键词和突现关键词等指标揭示人工智能赋能教育评价的国际研究概况、热点与前沿;并在系统把握研究态势的基础上,结合中国教育评价改革的现实需求,提出该主题的研究启示。研究发现,国际人工智能赋能教育评价的研究成果主要受益于教育学、心理学、社会学和计算机科学的交叉融合;研究热点主要聚焦于机器学习支持下的结果评价、基于教育数据挖掘和学习分析的过程评价、大数据和智能导师系统支持下的增值评价和人机评分一致性四个方面;研究前沿主要关注机器学习和自然语言处理技术支持下的教育文本挖掘与评价。未来,对人工智能赋能教育评价的研究应立足研究现状与现实需求,多角度推进教育评价的转型升级;基于跨学科意识与思维,推动研究范式和思路的转变;构建智能教育评价体系,促进理论研究、技术应用和制度建设的同向同行。

我国现代治水研究热点与发展展望

中国现代治水充满机遇,面临挑战。“节水优先、空间均衡、系统治理、两手发力”治水思路是习近平总书记关于现代治水所做的重要论述,其简明扼要、科学严谨、逻辑紧密、系统完整地指明了现代治水研究的发展方向,为新时代治水研究提供了根本遵循。文章以“节水优先、空间均衡、系统治理、两手发力”治水思路为主线,分别阐述我国现代治水历程,分析现代治水研究热点,并对未来治水研究发展作出展望,以期对我国未来治水体系发展、治水方案谋划提供参考。

深化研究人文经济学:方向抉择、当代使命与未来前景

理论创新无止境,深化研究谋新篇。一年来,在全国上下理解和把握习近平总书记关于“人文经济学”的新思想新观点新论断的丰富内涵和重大要求取得初步进展之后,深化研究需要做出新的方向抉择,凝练当代议程,肩负当代使命。一是要立足更高站位进一步深刻理解和把握人文经济学命题出场语境与重大意义;二是要深耕样本解读,从实际出发追寻人文经济学出场的历史逻辑,从习近平总书记多次赞赏的苏州、杭州等地区的历史基础和实践经验中科学提炼“人文密码”,精准理解“人文经济学”的真正内涵;三是要植根实践逻辑,精准把握人文经济学推动高质量发展的着力点和战略全局;四是要回溯人文经济学的理论魂脉,看人文经济学在解决西方经济学带来的一系列弊病的过程中,如何守正创新了马克思对资本拜物教所作的深刻的政治经济学批判的思想,同时重新系统梳理习近平总书记关于“人文经济学”系列重要论断的思想逻辑;五是要整体有机贯通、历史性梳理人文经济学的文化根脉,揭示和把握从传统到现代经济发展中一脉相承、成为灵魂的“文化基因”图谱;六是要以强大的文化自信和理论自信加快构建新时代中国特色人文经济学自主知识体系,开辟马克思主义中国化时代化新境界,谱写中国式现代化理论创造的新篇章。深化研究必将呈现方向和领域的分工甚至分化,需要加强协同创新机制建设。

人类文明新形态研究的定性分析:演进逻辑、科学内涵与价值意蕴

任何一个社会的发展都是一定文明的真实反映与写照,作为一种崭新的社会发展形态,人类文明新形态是在社会主义文明发展过程中产生的新的伟大成果。目前,学术界在人类文明新形态的演进逻辑、科学内涵以及价值意蕴等方面取得了一系列的研究成果,但同时也存在着研究理论体系不够全面、研究内容不够深化、研究的学科视角以及方法有待创新等问题。着眼未来,为进一步推动人类文明新形态的研究取得新进展,应着力构建全面系统的人类文明新形态的理论体系,深化人类文明新形态的学理研究深度,拓展人类文明新形态的学科研究宽度。

阶段与特征:改革开放以来红色文化研究图景与机理

改革开放以来红色文化研究视野渐展、成果日丰,呈现出鲜明的阶段性特征:改革开放之初,侧重于精神层面研究;新世纪之初,侧重于物质层面研究;进入新时代,开始投入“史”的努力。但在宽度和深度方面,仍有待于拓展和深化。未来研究应从紧扣红色文化发展史的主题、主线和规律,明晰其基本脉络和主要成就,以及扩展研究视野三方面加以着手聚力。