Introduction The Medical Research Council （MRC） is a publicly-funded agency responsible for co-ordinating and funding medical research in the United Kingdom. The MRC is one of seven Research Councils in the UK and i...Introduction The Medical Research Council （MRC） is a publicly-funded agency responsible for co-ordinating and funding medical research in the United Kingdom. The MRC is one of seven Research Councils in the UK and is answerable to, although politically independent from, the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. The organisation is dedicated to ＂improving human health through world-class medical research＂. Since it was first established in 1920, the MRC has been able to accept charitable bequests, endowments and donations from the public to contribute towards the costs of the research that it undertakes. The MRC registered these charitable funds with the Charity Commission in the late 1960＇s and its charity- the Medical Research Foundation-has been successfully supporting medical research for over 80 years.展开更多
This study focuses on the role of researcher/academia in making low carbon policy in the UK. UK researchers and universities enjoy relatively high degree of independence of their research from the government due to it...This study focuses on the role of researcher/academia in making low carbon policy in the UK. UK researchers and universities enjoy relatively high degree of independence of their research from the government due to its statute that guarantees its independence （＂The Haldene Principle＂）. In addition, there was a recent movement for evidence-based policy in the UK, which requires more economic and scientific robustness, therefore role of engineers and social scientists are increasingly important. In particular, social science will have a greater role in changing people＇s behavior with high level of uncertainty. UK businesses have played a leading role to move forward the climate policy such as UKETS （United Kingdom Emissions Trading Scheme） as well as low carbon policy. The regular communication and consultation is a crucial basis for making integrated policy, which involves wide range of stakeholders. The legally binding targets set out by Climate Change Act 2008 required structural change of the government to implement the necessary policies and measures especially by integrating climate and energy policy.展开更多
UK Biobank是一项庞大和详细的前瞻性研究工程,由维康信托基金、英国医学研究委员会、英国卫生部、苏格兰政府和西北地区发展局发起成立。其储存着海量疾病与健康相关的研究数据和生物样本,全球的科研人员均可通过在线申请获得这些研究...UK Biobank是一项庞大和详细的前瞻性研究工程,由维康信托基金、英国医学研究委员会、英国卫生部、苏格兰政府和西北地区发展局发起成立。其储存着海量疾病与健康相关的研究数据和生物样本,全球的科研人员均可通过在线申请获得这些研究数据和生物样本并将其用于已批准的研究项目中。本文详细介绍了如何通过UK Biobank检索及申请研究数据和生物样本。展开更多
目的分析基于英国生物样本数据库(UK Biobank)开展的关于心血管疾病的研究热点和发展趋势,为研究者开展心血管疾病相关研究提供科学参考。方法在Web of Science核心集数据库中检索2016年至2022年期间基于UK Biobank数据库开展的关于心...目的分析基于英国生物样本数据库(UK Biobank)开展的关于心血管疾病的研究热点和发展趋势,为研究者开展心血管疾病相关研究提供科学参考。方法在Web of Science核心集数据库中检索2016年至2022年期间基于UK Biobank数据库开展的关于心血管疾病研究的文献,运用Citespace 6.1.R 2和VOSviewer 1.6.18软件分别从国家、机构、关键词等方面对心血管疾病的研究热点和发展趋势进行可视化分析。结果研究共纳入284篇文献,整体发文量处于增长趋势;发文量排在第1位的作者是S.PETERSEN,发文量最多的国家是英国,发文量最多的机构是英国牛津大学;关键词突现分析提示,近5年研究趋势主要集中在危险因素分析(adiposity,body mass index)、全基因组关联研究(genome-wide association study)与疾病预后分析(therapy,all-cause mortality)等方面的研究。另外,以“smoking”为代表的危险因素探讨、基因表达(loci,expression)和以孟德尔随机化为代表的偏倚控制方法探讨(Mendelian randomization,bias)是现阶段基于UK Biobank数据库开展的有关脑血管疾病的研究热点。结论当前基于UK Biobank数据库的心血管疾病研究处于快速发展期,英国与美国在该领域开展的研究较多,近5年该领域研究趋势和热点主要集中在心血管疾病的危险因素分析、基因表达、疾病预后分析与偏倚控制方法等方面。展开更多
文摘Introduction The Medical Research Council （MRC） is a publicly-funded agency responsible for co-ordinating and funding medical research in the United Kingdom. The MRC is one of seven Research Councils in the UK and is answerable to, although politically independent from, the Department for Business, Innovation and Skills. The organisation is dedicated to ＂improving human health through world-class medical research＂. Since it was first established in 1920, the MRC has been able to accept charitable bequests, endowments and donations from the public to contribute towards the costs of the research that it undertakes. The MRC registered these charitable funds with the Charity Commission in the late 1960＇s and its charity- the Medical Research Foundation-has been successfully supporting medical research for over 80 years.
文摘This study focuses on the role of researcher/academia in making low carbon policy in the UK. UK researchers and universities enjoy relatively high degree of independence of their research from the government due to its statute that guarantees its independence （＂The Haldene Principle＂）. In addition, there was a recent movement for evidence-based policy in the UK, which requires more economic and scientific robustness, therefore role of engineers and social scientists are increasingly important. In particular, social science will have a greater role in changing people＇s behavior with high level of uncertainty. UK businesses have played a leading role to move forward the climate policy such as UKETS （United Kingdom Emissions Trading Scheme） as well as low carbon policy. The regular communication and consultation is a crucial basis for making integrated policy, which involves wide range of stakeholders. The legally binding targets set out by Climate Change Act 2008 required structural change of the government to implement the necessary policies and measures especially by integrating climate and energy policy.
