RESIDENTS' ATTITUDES TO TOURISM DEVELOPMENT IN ANCIENT VILLAGE RESORTS——Case Study of World Cultural Heritage of Xidi and Hong Villages

Tourism development surely has social, economic and environmental impacts on tourist destinations.The study on resorts residents' attitudes can help understand the nature of tourism development and the extent to which it may influence on tourist destinations. By now, researches on residents' perception and attitudes are plenteous in the international circle and achievements are great, yet few are found in developing countries. As a most representative cultural tourist destination, World Cultural Heritage-Xidi and Hong villages in Yi County of Anhui Province, are drawing the attention of both tourists and academic circles. This article, taking Xidi and Hong villages as examples, seeks to analyze ancient village residents' attitudes towards tourism impacts and then tries further to explore the connection between tourism development and residents' attitudes. Both qualitative and quantitative surveys are applied in the exploratory investigation into local residents' attitudes of tourism impacts. Based on abundant face-to-face interviews with the local households, tourism enterprises concerned, local government and tourists from July to August of 2002, we are able to have a better understanding of local residents' attitudes to community life, and perception of tourism impacts on society, economy and environment. By this we can promote domestic study on resorts residents' attitudes, and provide some theoretical grounds for establishing tourism development planning and perfect community participation system at tourist destinations.

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON RESIDENTS′ PERCEPTION OF TOURISM IMPACT AT TOURIST PLACES——A Case Study of Xidi, Zhouzhuang and Jiuhua Mountain

Based on the questionnaire investigation, the authors make a comparative study on local residents′ perception of tourism impacts in Xidi, Zhouzhuang and Jiuhua Mountain. The result shows that residents of the three places tend to have strong and consistent perception of its positive economic, socio-cultural and environmental impacts, but distinctly diverse ones of its negative impacts. Residents in Xidi and Zhouzhuang also have noticeable perception of its negative environmental impacts while those in Jiuhua Mountain have weaker perception of them. The research confirms the fact that residents are more liable to have positive perceptions at the early stage of the life cycle of the tourist places. The authors conclude that there exists a nonlinear relationship between residents′ perception and tourism development stages, and that tourism socio-cultural impact may appear at an early stage of tourism development instead of being no universal.

Residents'Satisfaction with Public Services in Mountainous Areas:An Empirical Study of Southwestern Sichuan Province,China

Abstract： Enhancing the efficiency of public services is essential to residents in mountainous areas. It is also important to promote sus- tainable development of these regions. Analysing residents＇ satisfaction with public services in mountainous areas can help in evaluating outcomes of fiscal investment and identifying potential coping approaches for improving public service efficiencies. The residents＇ satisfaction with public services and the factors that influence such satisfaction were examined in this study. A study of 12 towns located in the southwestern Sichuan Province was performed using an entropy-weighted analytic hierarchy process （EWAHP）, the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） and Tobit regression methods. The results indicate that： 1） the spatial distribu- tion of satisfaction with public services is non-uniform, and the spatial distribution structure varies for different types of public services. 2） Residents＇ satisfaction with public services is influenced by both objective and subjective factors. Population density, economic dis- tance, social and cultural divisions and elevation are the major objective factors, whereas bounded rationality, the hierarchy of needs and service expectations are the main subjective factors. The most effective strategies for enhancing residents＇ satisfaction with public ser- vices are likely to be clustering the population, choosing supply centres with different public services, regulating the cultural division in ethnic minority towns, selecting supply priorities in accordance with residents＇ needs, implementing targeted intervention policies and establishing ＇bottom-up＇ and ＇top-down＇ integrated decision-making mechanisms. Keywords： mountainous areas; public services; residents＇ satisfaction; entropy-weighted analytic hierarchy process （EWAHP）; technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS）; Tobit regression; southwestern Sichuan Province

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESORT LIFE CYCLE AND RESIDENTS' PERCEPTION AND ATTITUDE——A Case Study of Putuo Mountain

The change in residents′ perception and attitude and resort life cycle are the basic problems in the course of resort evolution. This thesis sets up the dynamic model of residents′perception and attitude, analyzes the linkage between residents′ perception and attitude and the influential factors of resort life cycle, and finally, with a case study of Putuo Mountain, preliminarily discusses the relationship between resort life cycle and residents′perception and attitude. The research findings show that, although within development stage of life cycle, Putuo Mountain has already presented some signs of mature stage. The on-the-spot survey also indicates that, the local residents′ positive perception is stronger than their negative perception. But compared with residents in some other coastal resorts such as Haikou and Sanya, negative perception of residents in Putuo Mountain is more evident, as the result of the smaller tourism carrying capacity in Putuo Mountain. There are some influential factors that have great impact on tourism carrying capacity in Putuo Mountain: tourist-resident number ratio, residents′ benefit-cost ratio and characteristics of tourism resources. And the less influential factors are residents′ demographic character, tourist behavioral character and cultural differences between local residents and tourists. Therefore, effective measures should be taken to adjust the structure of tourism product for the purpose of expanding tourism carrying capacity, lowering its pressure, lessening residents′ environmental cost and enhancing their positive perception, which is the most essential prerequisite for the maturation of life cycle in Putuo Mountain.

股权激励、银行债务约束、控制权私利与我国国有控股上市公司经营者过度投资行为

在现有相关研究成果基础上,以中国国有控股上市公司为背景,从理论和实证2个方面研究股权激励、银行债务约束和控制权私利对我国国有控股上市公司经营者过度投资行为的影响。研究结果表明:公司过度投资行为与公司经营者股权激励反相关,与公司经营者控制权私利正相关。当公司的银行债务融资具有正监管弹性或者较小的负监管弹性时,公司经营者的过度投资行为将随着银行债务融资的增加而减弱;当公司的银行债务融资具有较大的负监管弹性时,公司经营者的过度投资行为将随着银行债务融资的增加而加强。实证研究结果进一步证明了理论研究结果的正确性和合理性。

基于异质性视角的家庭投资性金融资产优化配置分析

家庭作为资本市场的一个重要资金来源,影响着整个社会资金的有效配置和利用效率。随着我国居民人均收入的不断提高,家庭金融资产配置的重要性日益凸显。本文运用中国家庭追踪调查的真实数据,从家庭结构、金融知识水平、收入水平、健康状况、财富状况五个方面分析了我国家庭的异质性,并通过建立多元回归模型和probit模型,实证检验了家庭异质性对金融资产配置的具体影响。研究发现,家庭异质性与家庭参与金融市场的积极性、参与程度和盈利水平具有明显的相关性,显著影响家庭金融资产的配置行为。其中家庭规模的小型化、收入水平的提高、财富数量的增长将会促进家庭进入金融市场,配置较多金融产品并获得盈利,金融知识的增加有助于家庭进入金融市场并提高盈利水平,健康状况对家庭金融资产配置的影响较小。

广佛环城际铁路广州南至佛山西段票价研究

研究分析新建铁路票价可为线路开通时采用的票价标准提供参考,以此为基础进行项目效益预测,又可为项目的可持续发展奠定基础。结合区域路网不同等级铁路票价及沿线社会经济发展状况,对广佛环城际铁路广州南至佛山西段票价进行研究,采用比较法、综合分析法等对票价方案进行定性及定量分析论证,得到票价方案,最后对项目的效益进行了预测。研究可为新建铁路票价的确定提供一定参考。