Living environment shaped residents’willingness to pay for ecosystem services in Yangtze River Middle Reaches Megalopolis,China

Profound understanding on the diversity of local residents’willingness to pay(WTP)for ecosystem services(ESs)may aid evaluation of policy impacts by uncovering trade-offs and synergies for achieving sustainable environmental resource management.However,the reasons for the spatial preference heterogeneity of WTP are still unclear.In this study,an extensive survey with 4,580 residents in the Yangtze River Middle Reaches Megalopolis(YRMRM),central China,was carried out to investigate the public’s WTP to maintain and improve ESs.We identified key influencing factors and explored how they shaped the preference heterogeneity in WTP by random forest model and surface fitting method.Our results showed that 81.4% of residents reported WTP for ESs greater than zero.Water supply,waste treatment,food supply and raw material supply were the preferred ESs for residents.Living environment factors(i.e.,extent of farmland,water and forest near the residence)were found as the key drivers of WTP.Proximity to farmland,water and forests resulted in high WTP values for a series of specific ESs.The reasons for the heterogeneity of WTP are(1)the difference in proximity to farmland,water and forest(i.e.,the contributor to ESs),(2)the divergence of local residents’preferences for ESs.This study disclosed the heterogeneity and causes of public preferences in YRMRM,which could help policy and decision makers to develop eco-compensation initiatives towards conservative and sustainable use of the environmental resources.

Impacts of information about COVID-19 on pig farmers'production willingness and behavior:Evidence from China

This paper examines the impacts of information about COVID-19 on pig farmers'production willingness by using endorsement experiments and follow-up surveys conducted in 2020 and 2021 in China.Our results show that,first,farmers were less willing to scale up production when they received information about COVID-19.The information in 2020 that the second wave of COVID-19 might occur without a vaccine reduced farmers'willingness to scale up by 13.4%,while the information in 2021 that COVID-19 might continue to spread despite the introduction of vaccine reduced farmers'willingness by 4.4%.Second,farmers whose production was affected by COVID-19 were considerably less willing to scale up,given the access to COVID-19 information.Third,farmers'production willingness can predict their actual production behavior.

Factors influencing willingness to participate in ophthalmic clinical trials and strategies for effective recruitment

AIM:To explore the factors influencing individuals’willingness to participate in ophthalmic clinical trials.METHODS:A questionnaire survey was conducted from January to April 2021 among patients and their family members at Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center,Sun Yat-sen University,in Guangzhou,China.The survey gathered data on respondents’willingness,demographic and socioeconomic profiles,as well as their reasons and concerns regarding engagement in clinical trials.RESULTS:Of the 1078 residents surveyed(mean age 31.2±13.1y;65.8%females)in Guangzhou,749(69.5%)expressed a willingness to participate in future ophthalmic clinical trials.Specific characteristics associated with greater willingness included a younger age,lower annual income,higher education,prior participation experience,previous ophthalmic treatment,and a better understanding of clinical trials.With the exception of age,these characteristics were significantly linked to a higher willingness.The primary barrier to participation,expressed by 64.8%of those willing and 54.4%of those unwilling,was“Uncertain efficacy”.In terms of motivations,the willing group ranked“Better therapeutic benefits”(35.0%),“Professional monitoring”(34.3%),and“Trust in healthcare professionals”(33.1%)as their top three reasons,whereas the unwilling participants indicated“Full comprehension of the protocol”(46.2%)as the key facilitator.CONCLUSION:This study reveals a substantial willingness to participate in ophthalmic clinical trials and demonstrates the predictive role of demographic and socioeconomic factors.Variations in motivators and concerns between willing and unwilling participants highlight the significance of tailored recruitment strategies.Importantly,the need for and trust in healthcare professionals stand out as powerful motivations,underscoring the importance of enhancing physician-patient relationships,adopting patient-centered communication approaches,and addressing individualized needs to improve accrual rates.

Impact of Sharing Marketing on Marketing Willingness of Employees in Internet Decoration Industry

With the development of information technology,sharing marketing,as an innovative marketing method,plays an important role in promoting the marketing willingness and enthusiasm of employees in the Internet decoration industry.Based on the data obtained from the ques-tionnaire survey,this paper makes an empirical analysis of the impact of the economic value,social value,perceived ease of use,perceived convenience,enabling conditions and subjective norms of sharing marketing on the marketing willingness of employees in the Internet decoration industry.The results showed that the questionnaire had good internal consistency and construct validity.Through empirical analysis,it can be found that the economic value,social value,perceived ease of use,perceived convenience,enabling conditions and subjective norms of sharing marketing have a significant positive impact on employees'marketing willingness.

Residents’ Willingness to Pay for Improving Air Quality in Jinan, China

Along with the progress of urbanization and environ- mental deterioration, residents’ desire for improved air quality is increasing. In order to quantify an individual’s willingness-to-pay (WTP) for improved air quality in Jinan of eastern China, a contingent valuation method (CVM) was employed. A sample of 1,500 residents was chosen on the basis of multistage sampling methods with face-to-face interviews by using a series of hypo-thetical, open-ended scenario questions which were designed to elicit the respondents’ WTP. Results showed that 59.7% of respondents were able to express their WTP and the mean WTP is 100 Chinese Yuan (CNY) per person per year. A probit model on the probability of a positive WTP and a regression model were developed to find the relationship between endogenous variables and WTP. Most parameters in the econometric analysis had the expected sign. Annual household income and expenditure on treating respiratory diseases significantly influence WTP. The rates of positive WTP and the monetary amount are larger for men than for women. Results also showed that people who lived in more polluted areas were willing to pay more for clean air. Unlike developed countries, clean air may only be considered as a public good in China in that more than 40% of respondents had no incen- tive to bear the costs of attempting to achieve better air quality, which indicates the relatively low environmental consciousness.

Comparative Research of Residents' Effect Perception and Participation Capacity and Willingness on Pro-poor Tourism

In this article,comparative research on residents' effect perception,participation capacity and willingness on Pro-poor Tourism( PPT) is given based on the questionnaire carried out in Wulong County and Fengjie County in Three Gorges Area,Chongqing,China. Some technologies,such as SPSS 13. 0,ANOVA and T-test are applied to analyze the data and results show Wulong residents' perception behavior is better than that of Fengjie residents. Moreover,the residents with different demographic characteristics have different participation behavior.Finally,multiple regression analysis is applied to identify the key factors influencing residents' perception behavior,that is participation willingness and positive economic effect perception,positive social and cultural effect perception and participation capacity.

Study on Cognition of Urban Residents on Haze Control and Their Willingness to Pay:A Case Study of Zhengzhou City and Jiaozuo City

Residents’payment is an important supplement to the government’s urban haze control costs.In this paper,Zhengzhou City and Jiaozuo City of Henan Province were taken as research objects.Through research methods such as data mining,questionnaire survey and model construction,the residents’cognition on haze control,willingness to pay and its influencing factors were deeply studied.Main research results were as below:residents in Zhengzhou and Jiaozuo have improved their awareness and satisfaction with haze control,but the growth rate was slow.In 2014,2018 and 2021,the expected values of willingness to pay for haze control in Zhengzhou were 79.94,85.52 and 47.20 yuan/month respectively,while they were 62.17,57.77 and 46.96 yuan/month in Jiaozuo City.Residents’haze awareness had the most significant effect on the willingness to pay for haze control,and there was positive correlation(P<0.05).Residents’cognition of haze control was the most important factor affecting their willingness to pay for haze control.Residents’income level and air pollution level had a positive effect on residents’willingness to pay,while residents’confidence in the government had a weak impact on their willingness to pay.

Asset specificity and farmers' intergenerational succession willingness of apple management

Understanding the factors behind apple farmers’willingness to pass on the management of their farms to their descendants is crucial to the continuity of apple production.Due to the high specificity of the human capital,physical assets,land assets,and geographical location in apple production,this study used a binary logistic regression and a mediating effect model to explore the impact of asset specificity on farmers’intergenerational succession willingness of apple management(FISWAM)and to examine the mediating effects of loss aversion in the impact of asset specificity on the FISWAM.The results showed that about 18.68%of the respondents expressed willingness to transfer their apple business between generations,and the FISWAM was generally weak.In addition to the negative impact of geographical location specificity(GLS),human capital specificity(HCS),physical assets specificity(PAS),and land assets specificity(LAS)can enhance the FISWAM.Loss aversion plays a partial mediating role in the impact of PAS,LAS,and GLS on the FISWAM.

The Impact of Destination Image on Tourist Willingness to Revisit:A Case Study of Nanning Garden Expo

The researcher aims to examine the impact of destination image of Nanning Garden Expo on tourist willingness to revisit.In this study,Nanning Garden Expo,a famous comprehensive park in Nanning,Guangxi,is selected as the research object.Based on previous literature and theories,the author analyzes and explores the relationship between the destination image of Nanning Garden Expo and tourist willingness to revisit.The research tool is questionnaire and the sample size of the survey data is calculated by Cochrane formula,and the data collection volume is 385.The statistics used in the data analysis are descriptive statistics including frequency distribution,percentage,mean,standard deviation,and inferential statistic for testing hypothesis.The researcher applies multiple regression analysis models to examine which independent variables have strong or weak relationships with dependent variables.Hypothesis test indicates that destination image has a significant positive impact on tourist willingness to revisit.Based on the results of the empirical study,relevant suggestions are proposed for how to enhance tourist willingness to revisit for Nanning Garden Expo and promote the healthy and sustainable development of tourism.

Tourists’Willingness to Pay for Recreation Services in Nyerere National Park,Tanzania:Are We Overvaluing or Undervaluing Our Nature Recreation Resources?

This study estimated tourists’Willingness to Pay(WTP)per day for recreation services in Nyerere National Park(NNP)and compared these values with daily travel costs that are incurred by tourists to visit NNP in order to inform whether recreation resources in the park are overvalued or undervalued.The study revealed that tourists’WTP per day for recreation services was estimated at$237.4 and$1521 for resident and non-resident tourists,respectively.The estimated tourists’WTP values exceed the daily travel costs currently incurred by tourists,which are$201.04 and$1517.97 for resident and non-resident tourists,respectively.This indicates that tourists are willing to spend more to enjoy recreation services in NNP,which signifies that recreation resources in NNP are slightly undervalued.In addi­tion,the findings disclosed that the largest share of tourist daily travel expenses is allocated to transportation services,and very little is paid to the park as a conservation fee.It was revealed that out of the daily travel expenses incurred by non-resident and resident tourists,only 4.62%and 2.23%are respectively paid directly to NNP as conservation fees.This study considers that allocation is not very fair;thus,NNP,in collaboration with TANAPA,needs to adjust the current entrance or conservation fee and reduce the transportation costs charged by tourist companies.The travel costs incurred by tourists,age,education,monthly income,site visited,substitute site,and quality of park were identified as significant factors in influencing tourists’WTP for recreation services in NNP.Thus,policies oriented to reduce tour­ists’transportation costs and improve the quality of national parks would attract more tourists to NNP.

电商直播中消费者购买意愿影响因素研究——基于双路径模型视角

随着电商直播步入新的风口,其蕴藏的巨大商业潜力受到越来越广泛的关注,消费者购买意愿成为影响电商直播可持续发展的重要因素。研究运用双路径模型(ELM),基于中枢路径和边缘路径构建消费者购买意愿的影响因素,实证分析在电商直播中产品因素与主播特征对消费者购买意愿的影响。研究发现,产品质量、价格优惠性、主播吸引力和主播交互性对购买意愿有显著正向影响,但主播专业性对购买意愿的影响并不显著;在中枢路径下,产品质量和价格优惠性通过实用价值影响消费者购买意愿;在边缘路径下,主播专业性、主播吸引力和主播交互性通过享乐价值影响消费者购买意愿。

个人养老金制度参与意愿的影响因素分析——基于结构方程模型

个人养老金制度作为我国社会保障体系建设顶层设计中的一个重要制度安排,是多层次、多支柱养老保险体系的重要组成部分。2022年末制度落地以来,公众参保意愿不强,市场观望情绪浓厚。基于对全国个人养老金制度试点城市开展的问卷调查数据,采用结构方程模型系统分析个人养老金制度参与意愿的影响因素和相关影响机制,发现该制度的参与意愿与居民的年龄段、居住城市、工作状况及家庭金融资产规模紧密相关;认知水平和制度信任对感知有用性和感知易用性会产生显著的正向影响,进而影响参与意愿,而机制建设并非影响参与意愿的显著因素。建议个人养老金制度针对特定人群进行重点宣传,放宽提取要求,建立产品准入和退出制度并促进信息披露标准化。

基于CVM的城市河道改造生态环境价值评估

从城市河道改造的生态环境价值评估角度,分析了条件价值评估法(CVM)在城市河道改造生态环境价值评估中的应用原理和依据,构建了基于CVM的城市河道改造生态环境价值评估模型,并以上海市黄浦江加高堤防替代建闸方案为例对黄浦江河道改造的生态环境价值进行了评估。结果表明:期望均值法和三相定价法计算得到的总支付意愿分别为120.6亿元/a和118.5亿元/a,总受偿意愿为130.8亿元/a和151.2亿元/a,总受偿意愿与总支付意愿的比值大于1;仅从生态环境价值方面看,相对于加高堤防方案,民众更希望政府投资建闸。

责任型领导如何提升员工创新行为:工作不安全感和风险承担意愿的作用

基于283份主管-下属配对样本,考察了责任型领导对员工创新行为的影响以及工作不安全感的中介作用和风险承担意愿的调节作用。研究结果表明:责任型领导对员工创新行为具有显著正向影响,工作不安全感在责任型领导与员工创新行为之间起中介作用,风险承担意愿正向调节责任型领导与员工创新行为之间的关系。

AIGC重构研究生学术实践:持续使用意愿影响因素研究

[目的/意义]探究研究生持续使用AIGC推行学术实践意愿的影响机制,为推动AIGC在学术领域的合理应用提供理论依据和实践指引。[方法/过程]整合UTAUT2模型及TTF理论,运用结构方程模型,挖掘研究生持续使用AIGC开展学术实践意愿的关键因素。[结果/结论]研究结果显示,绩效期望、个体创新性和努力期望显著影响持续使用意愿;任务特征和技术特征显著影响任务技术匹配;任务技术匹配对持续使用意愿的直接效果没有成立,但通过影响绩效期望对其起到间接显著作用;学术道德规范在社群影响路径中起到了正向调节作用。本研究弥补了现有研究对特定对象的忽视与定性分析解释力不足的问题。

个体特征与能力对临床医学生儿科就业意愿的影响分析

目的了解个体特征与能力对临床医学生儿科行业就业意愿的影响。方法采用问卷调查的方式,对某高校全日制本科生的个体特征(性别、年级、生源地)和个人能力(专业类别、是否有儿科行业相关知识的储备)进行调查研究。结果发出问卷1000份,回收问卷955份,问卷回收率95.5%;性别和生源地变量对儿科行业就业意愿没有相关性(P>0.05),年级、专业类别和有无儿科相关知识储备对儿科行业就业意愿有影响(P<0.05)。结论年级、专业类别与有无儿科相关知识储备对儿科行业就业意愿有影响,高校可优化培养模式,增加医学生对儿科行业的兴趣和了解,促进儿科专业队伍的可持续发展,从而解决儿科医生短缺现象。

新医科背景下预防医学专业本科生科研现状和意愿调查

对佳木斯大学预防医学专业本科生科研现况及意愿进行调查发现,不同年级学生科研参与目的、科研接触方式以及不同形式科研活动的参与意愿存在差异(P<0.05),而科研相关能力提升需求无显著差异(P>0.05)。结论:预防医学本科生科研参与热情较高,科研能力提升需求较强。但科研独立性和主动性有待进一步提高。

公众森林碳汇购买意愿影响因素研究——基于TPB—NAM整合模型

有效的碳普惠机制与森林碳汇产品的价值实现对中国生态文明的建设至关重要,理清公众森林碳汇购买意愿影响因素对森林碳汇政策的制定具有现实意义。基于计划行为理论、规范激活理论并融合生态文明思想内核,选用结构方程模型,利用515份社会公众问卷数据,实证检验了公众森林碳汇购买愿意影响因素及作用机理。结果表明:(1)公众森林碳汇购买意愿是理性和道德交互作用的结果,而非纯理性或纯道德驱动行为;(2)行为态度、感知规范和知觉行为控制都对公众森林碳汇购买意愿具有显著正向影响,但影响程度具有差异性,其中感知规范对购买意愿影响最大,因此公众环境道德素养是影响其森林碳汇购买行为的最重要因素;(3)社会公众森林碳汇购买意愿影响因素表征变量的具体作用表现不同:感知规范中,公众个体道德规范对其森林碳汇购买意愿影响最大;行为态度中,公众森林碳汇生态、政治效益认知对购买意愿影响最大;知觉行为控制中,森林碳汇信息量、森林碳汇价格等都是影响公众森林碳汇购买意愿的因素,但影响程度差异不大。

公路桥梁物化阶段环境影响货币化分析

为科学定量地评估公路桥梁物化阶段环境影响,并明确降低桥梁工程负面环境影响的关键着力点,基于生命周期评价方法引入支付意愿理论建立公路桥梁物化阶段环境影响货币化分析模型,将环境影响评价结果统一到经济维度,使其兼具环境和经济含义。应用该模型对渝湘高速五布河特大桥进行分析,从时间和空间2个维度出发研究桥梁基础结构、下部结构、上部结构和桥面系4个部分环境影响值分布特征,并采用MATLAB软件开展蒙特卡洛模拟,对各具体施工环节环境影响值进行不确定性分析。研究结果表明:桥梁材料生产阶段是物化阶段环境影响控制的重点,该阶段各影响类型中由于全球变暖造成的环境影响尤为明显。基础、下部和上部结构在材料生产阶段的环境影响值自下而上呈递增趋势,在施工建造阶段呈递减趋势。打桩钻孔机械、起重及垂直运输机械和泵类机械被确定为关键机械类型,是施工建造阶段环境影响值的主要贡献来源。桥墩-混凝土和主梁-混凝土2个施工环节的总体不确定度最大,以变异系数作为衡量指标,钢筋施工环节总环境影响不确定度小于混凝土施工环节,各环节总环境影响不确定度小于各类环境影响不确定度。研究结果符合工程实际,验证了模型的适用性,可为公路桥梁环境影响评价工作提供科学依据和有益参考。

基于知识图谱的端到端内容共享机制

端到端(D2D)通信利用边缘网络的本地计算和缓存能力,可以满足未来移动网络用户低延时、高能效的内容共享需求。而边缘网络内容共享效率性能的提升不仅取决于用户社交关系,同时也高度依赖终端设备的特征,如计算、存储和剩余能量资源等。因此,以最大化能量效率为目标,综合考虑设备异质性、用户社交性和兴趣差异性,提出一种用户-设备-内容多维度关联特征的D2D内容共享机制。首先,基于用户成本效益最大化将多目标约束问题转化为最优节点选择和功率控制问题,构建面向用户-设备-内容的多维度知识关联特征和图谱模型,将设备相关的计算资源、存储资源等多维特征结构化处理;其次,研究用户在设备属性和社交属性上的意愿度度量方法,提出一种基于用户社交和设备图谱的共享意愿度度量方法;最后,根据用户共享意愿度构建面向内容共享的D2D协作簇,面向能量效率设计一种基于共享意愿度的功率控制算法,以最大化网络共享性能。在真实用户设备数据集和infocom06数据集的实验结果表明,所提基于共享意愿度的功率控制算法与最近选择算法和不考虑设备意愿度的选择算法相比,系统和速率分别提升了约97.2%和11.1%,用户满意度分别提升了约72.7%和4.3%,能效分别提升了约57.8%和9.7%,验证了所提算法在传输速率、能量效率和用户满意度等方面的有效性。