International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics: 27th General Assembly Conference

"Beyond 100: The next century in Earth and Space Science"The 27th IUGG General Assembly will be held July 8-18,2019 at the Palais des Congrès in Montréal,Québec,Canada.This is a special opportunity for participants from Canada and from around the world to come together and share their science and culture.2019 marks the 100th anniversary of IUGG;we will look back on the accomplishments of the previous century of Earth and space science research,and forward to the next century of scientific advancement.Join us for a host of scientific activities,including special public lectures,keynote Union lectures and a wide variety of themed sessions.

SPEECH AT THE CLOSING CEREMONY OF THE 7TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE CAS MEMBERS AND THE FIRST GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE CAE

Members and Comrades: Thanks to the common effort of the members of the two academies,the various items on the agenda of the Seventh General Assembly of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the First General Assembly of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE)have been successfully accomplished. Both President Jiang Zemin and Premier Li Peng have made important speeches

BY-LAWS ON THE CAS MEMBERSHIP (Adopted by the Sixth General Assembly of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1992, and Amended by the Seventh General Assembly of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1994)

Article 1. The Membership of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (hereinafter referred to as the Member) is the highest academic title of life tenure and honor established by the State in the field of science and technology.

WORKING REPORT AT THE NINTH GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES

Today, the 9th General Assembly of the CAS andthe 4th General Assembly of the CAE arejointly held here. This is a very important event forChinese S&T community at the turn of the centuries.Nearly 2,000 CAS and CAE Members get togetherto discuss issues of great importance to

WORKING REPORT AT THE 7TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE CAS

Members and comrades: The Seventh General Assembly of the CAS opened here today together with the meeting for the establishment of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (the CAE).The establishment of the CAE is an important event for the S&.T community in this country.Please allow me.on behalf of the CAS.to extend my congratulations to the CAE on its official founding.

SPEECH BY PREMIER LI PENG AT THE 7TH GENERAL ASSEMBLY OF THE CAE AND THE INAUGURAL MEETING OF THE CAE

Members of the Academies and comrades: First of all, please allow me.on behalf of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, to express my warm congratulations on the establishment of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) and the convening of the 7th General Assembly of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).Ⅰwould also like to take

The first results of observations of lunar occultations in different spectral ranges at the 6-m telescope of the SAO RAS

Observations by the method of lunar occultations at the 6-m telescope of the SAO RAS reach a resolution limit better than 1mas.We have devised a new method of observation,which allows obtaining the curves of lunar occultations simultaneously in different ranges of the visible part of the spectrum,and conducted the first observations using amodified optical system.In January 2019,applying the newmethod,the magnitude differences of the components of the binary star HD 36524 in the R and I bands were measured,which were 1.5 and 1.3mag,respectively,in good agreement with values calculated from the Gaia mission.According to the obtained data,it was determined that with this method it is possible to reach a signal-to-noise ratio of about 5–10 for stars of 10th magnitude.We discuss the applicability of the proposed optical scheme for the study of binary stars.

Research of Dynamic Material Handling in an Automobile General Assembly Line Based on Real-time Information

The status of material delivery of an automobile general assembly line is analyzed, and the technique to achieve the real-time tracking of assembly status information is proposed based on RFID（ Radio Frequency Identification）. Thus the consumption of line-side buffer is obtained dynamically, then the type and quantity of needed material are fed back to the subsystem of material handling; the algorithm for determining the best time departure time of delivery driver based on minimizing of total time penalty function is proposed. This approach makes the material amount of a single delivery trip maximized and improves the efficiency of delivery drivers significantly in the case of does not affect the assembly line normal throughput. Additionally, although this dynamic material handling method is developed for the automobile assembly plant, it should be pointed out that this method is also applicable to other mixed model assembly plants such as electronics, semiconductor and aerospace industry.

The 11th CAS General Assembly Held in Beijing

As their first plenary meetings in the new century, the 11th General Assembly of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the Sixth General Assembly of the Chinese Academy of Engineering (CAE) were convened in Beijing from May 28 to June 1. A total of 490 CAS members and three foreign members attended the CAS conference.……

Effects of adjusting vertical resolution on the eastern equatorial Pacific cold tongue

The vertical resolution of LICOM1.0 (LASG/IAP Climate System Ocean Model, version 1.0) is adjusted by increasing the level amount within the upper 150 m while keeping the total of levels. It is found that the eastern equatorial Pacific cold tongue is sensitive to the adjustment. Compared with the simulation of the original level scheme, the adjusting yields a more realistic structure of cold tongue extending from the coast of Peru to the equator, as well as a temperature minimum at Costa Rica coast, north of the cold tongue. In the original scheme experiment, the sharp heating by net surface heat flux at the beginning of spin-up leads to a great warm- ing in the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. The weak vertical advection due to a too thick mixed layer in the coarse vertical structure also accounts for the warm bias. The fact that most significant improvements of the upper 50 m temperature appear at the region of the thinnest mixed layer indicates the necessity of fine vertical resolution for the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean. However, the westward extension of equatorial cold tongue, a defect in the original scheme, gets even more serious in the adjusting scheme due to the intensi- fied vertical velocity and hence vertical advection in the central-eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean.

2011 IFToMM General Assembly

The 12th IFToMM General Assembly was held in Guanajuato, Mexico on 22 June 2011 at the conference site of the 2011 IFToMM World Congress. As usual, the status and problems of IFToMM activity led to a very rich agenda that was discussed with a well thought participation.

China Stated Reports at BIE 131st General Assembly

On July 2,2002, Bureau of International Exhibition’s (BIE) 131st General Assemblywas convened in Paris. The assembly examined the investigation report by BIE InvestigationDelegation for those application countries. Various application countries stated reportsrespectively.The Chinese Government Delegation headed by State Councilor Wu Yi attended the assembly, and stated report on China’s Shanghai making application to hold 2010 World Fair.

Realty Service Contracts and the Legal System of Realty Management in China

The realty(real estate)management of ownership of buildings includes the owner(homeowner)entrust-management and the owner self-management,the former through the way of realty service contracts,the latter through the resolution of the owners’assembly and the owners’committee.The legal disputes of realty service contracts involve balancing interests among the realty service enterprise,individual owner,and all the owners.We should use dynamic balancing of the interests of the three parties to implement the interests of the win-win cooperation rather than the interests of the trade-off of“all or nothing.”The realty service contract is similar to the entrustment contract,both of which are based on the owners’entrustment.The duty to provide realty service is not simply equivalent to fiduciary duty.The realty service contract has the essence of both behavior debt and result debt.For the former,the general provisions of the entrustment contract can be referred to,and for the latter,the general provisions of the contract for work can be referred to.In view of the group characteristics of the realty service contract,owners have no right to terminate the realty service contract at any time but should obey the principle of due process and take the majority mechanism to make a dismissal resolution resolution.The resolutions and management stipulations worked out by the owners’assembly in a majority mechanism,both of which belong to resolution behavior and are legal tools of the owners’autonomy,shall be binding on all the owners.The relationship between the owner,the owner’s assembly,and the owner’s committee is similar to the fiduciary relationship.If the decision made by the owners’assembly or the owners’committee and the management stipulation infringes upon the legal rights and interests of the owners,the injured owner has the right to revocation litigation.At present,residential commodity owners have a relatively low degree of autonomy in China,and legal disputes over realty services are frequent.In the future,we need to perfect the legal incentive and constraint measures,and stimulate the vitality of owner autonomy to promote better implementation of the owner self-management and owner entrust-management.

Biofabrication strategies with single-cell resolution: a review

The introduction of living cells to manufacturing process has enabled the engineering of complex biological tissues in vitro.The recent advances in biofabrication with extremely high resolution(e.g.at single cell level)have greatly enhanced this capacity and opened new avenues for tissue engineering.In this review,we comprehensively overview the current biofabrication strategies with single-cell resolution and categorize them based on the dimension of the single-cell building blocks,i.e.zero-dimensional single-cell droplets,one-dimensional single-cell filaments and two-dimensional single-cell sheets.We provide an informative introduction to the most recent advances in these approaches(e.g.cell trapping,bioprinting,electrospinning,microfluidics and cell sheets)and further illustrated how they can be used in in vitro tissue modelling and regenerative medicine.We highlight the significance of single-cell-level biofabrication and discuss the challenges and opportunities in the field.

General Assemblies of CAS and CAE held in Beijing

The tenth general assembly ofthe Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS) and the fifth general assem-bly of the Chinese Academy ofEngineering (CAE) were held fromJune 5 to June 9 in Beijing.

分块式空间望远镜技术研究现状及其发展趋势

大口径空间光学望远镜是实现高分辨率遥感与高灵敏度探测的重要科学仪器。传统的整体式望远镜口径超过4 m将难以突破现有运载器整流罩有效包络的限制,采用分块式的技术手段可以在满足运载能力的前提下实现口径最大化,是解决当前望远镜高分辨率与高信息收集能力的最优选择。文章先从部署形式上对分块式空间望远镜的国内外研究现状进行了梳理,归纳出分块望远镜在技术实现路线上的技术类型和特点,分别对高精度机构展开技术、机器人智能装配技术、波前检测与调控技术以及超轻可调分块镜技术进行了技术内涵及实现技术途径分析,最后面向未来远景目标,对分块式空间望远镜的技术发展作了展望。

论联合国大会第2758号决议的解释问题——对美国策动中国台湾地区参与国际组织问题的批驳

美国正试图重新解释联合国大会2758号决议,策动中国台湾地区参与国际组织问题,但未得到各国的普遍接受,不构成有权解释。中国认为2758号决议体现了一个中国原则,并得到了绝大多数联合国会员国的普遍接受,构成对2758号决议的有权解释。联合国大会当然有权解释2758号决议,联合国秘书长的解释也可以成为有权解释。从联合国大会的实践和秘书长一贯以来的立场可知,2758号决议体现一个中国原则是联合国的普遍共识。根据《维也纳条约法公约》第31—32条的规定,2758号决议可以适用文义解释、系统解释、目的解释、惯例解释和历史解释等多种解释方法。无论采用哪种方法解释2758号决议,都可以确证决议体现了“一个中国原则”,美国没有重新解释的任何空间。

国际习惯法视野下单边制裁的非法化探究

单边制裁被认为是国际法的“灰色地带”。美西方国家利用法律规制的缺失和相关规则的模糊性,滥施单边制裁行为。现行国际法虽然未一般性地禁止单边制裁行为,但这并不意味着单边措施就是合法的。鉴于美西方国家滥施单边制裁的危害,联合国大会近年来反复通过了四类反对单边制裁的决议。从国际习惯法传统构成要素说来看,决议所持续反对的相当于封锁的单边制裁行为、具有域外适用效果的单边制裁行为以及对人权造成严重侵害的单边制裁行为,其非法性已具有广泛的国家实践和高程度的法律确信,正在形成新兴国际习惯法规范。如果从有关识别国际习惯法的“新”理论以及国际法院识别国际习惯法的灵活路径来看,前述三种单边制裁行为的非法性均已具有国际习惯法性质。为了更加主动、有效地反击美西方国家滥施单边制裁的行为,中国应在国际层面加快推进单边制裁的非法化进程。

Report of the Secretary General to General Assembly Fifty-fourth Session on International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction: successor arrangements

.Introduction1.TheEconomicandSocialCouncil,byresolution199963of30July1999entitled"InternationalDecadeforNaturalDisasterReduction:successorarrangements",requestedtheSecretaryGeneraltoreporttotheGeneralAssemblyatitsfiftyfourthsessionontheimplementation...

不同参数四极杆组件宽质量范围性能仿真

四极质谱计应用需求的不断扩大对四极杆组件需求量迅速增加,为满足大批量、通用化要求需研发几种固定尺寸的模块化四极杆组件,再设计不同的射频电源来满足应用需求。基于四极电场和离子运动理论,使用离子光学仿真软件SIMION对电场分布和离子运动轨迹进行了建模和计算分析。仿真分析结果表明,在所选定仿真参数下,场半径主要决定大质荷比离子通过率曲线形状,其对不同质荷比离子通过率影响不同,对分辨率的影响随质荷比增大而减小;质荷比越小,离子稳定分离所需杆长越长,达到所需杆长前,离子通过率随杆长增加而减小,分辨率相反;直交比的增加会减小通过率、提高分辨率,对大质荷比段影响更大;频率的增加在全质荷比提高分辨率,增加低质荷比通过率,但显著降低大质荷比通过率;大尺寸杆特别适用于低质荷比离子分析,用于大质荷比时必须采取降低边缘场影响的措施。研究结果可为不同应用目的四极质谱计的设计提供参考。