In vitro study on the antiviral activity of 9 extracts of traditional Chinese herbal medicine against the human respiratory syncytial virus

Objective:To study the in vitro virucidal activity of 9 extracts of traditional Chinese herbal medicine(the water extracts of Evodia lepta,Clausena lansium,Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum,Callicarpa nudiflora,Nauclea officinalis and Elaeagnus gonyanthes,the alcohol extracts of Nauclea officinalis,Elaeagnus gonyanthes and Zanthoxylumarmatum)on human respiratory syncytial virus(HRSV).Methods:The cytotoxic effect of the extracts on cells was evaluated by a cell viability assay using the CCK-8 method,a concentration of the extracts with cell viability greater than 50%was selected for the follow-up anti-HRSV effect assay,the 50%effective concentration(EC50)was assessed by an in vitro cell infection model.Results:The EC50s of the water extract from Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum,Callicarpa nudiflora and Elaeagnus gonyanthes were 0.05 mg/mL,0.03 mg/mL and 0.05 mg/mL,and the therapeutic index(TI)of them were 18.60,21.67 and 56.80 respectively.Conclusion:The water extracts of Clerodendrum cyrtophyllum,Callicarpa nudiflora and Elaeagnus gonyanthes possess the activity of anti-HRSV virus.

Anti-respiratory passage virus of Chinese herbal medicine

Influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus infection of viral respiratory disease has become a major killer of mankind, but there is no effect of vaccines and therapeuticmdrugs. Chinese herbs can inhibit the proliferation and strengthen the human immune virus, and so on to play a very good antiviral activity. Single- flavor compound in accordance with two different drugs and the object of study, the herbal anti-influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus, a comprehensive overview of research and clinical outlook of the Chinese herbs to good use.

Qingkailing Injection(清开灵注射液)for Treatment of Children Pneumonia Induced by Respiratory Syncytial Virus:A Meta-Analysis of Rando mized Controlled Trials

Objective： To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Qingkailing Injection（清开灵注射液, QKL） for treatment of children pneumonia caused by respiratory syncytial virus（RSV）. Methods： Randomized clinical trials（RCTs） comparing QKL with ribavirin injection in the treatment of children pneumonia induced by RSV were searched in Pub Med, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, Chinese VIP database, CNKI and Wanfang databases from their inception to March 2014. Meta-analyses were performed using RevMan 5.2 software. The methodological quality of the selected RCTs was evaluated by the Modified Jadad Score. The primary outcome measures were effective rate and the secondary outcomes were relief time of fever and cough. Results： Seven RCTs with 992 cases published from 2008 to 2013 were identified. The meta-analysis results indicated that QKL was more effective in cure rate [risk ratios（RR）=1.32, 95% CI（1.17, 1.50）, P〈0.01], total effective rate [RR=1.07, 95% CI（1.02, 1.13）, P=0.009] and less fever clearance time [mean difference=–0.73, 95% CI（–1.22, –0.23）, P=0.004], compared with ribavirin injection in the treatment of RSV-induced children pneumonia. No dead case was reported in all trials. There were 3 trials mentioned adverse events, 2 reported no obvious adverse event occurred while 1 reported adverse events described as skin hypersensitivity, elevation of ALT, a mild abnormal of hepatic and renal function in both QKL and ribavirin group. Conclusions： QKL was an effective and relatively safe option for the treatment of RSV-induced children pneumonia. These therapeutic effects were promising but need to be interpreted with caution due to variations in the treatment and methodological weakness in the studies.

柴葛清热颗粒治疗急性上呼吸道感染风热证的双盲随机对照临床试验

目的:评价柴葛清热颗粒治疗急性上呼吸道感染风热证的安全性及有效性。方法:采用随机双盲多中心阳性药平行对照试验设计。本中心Ⅱ期纳入60例,随机分为试验组(n=30)和对照组(n=30);Ⅲ期纳入112例,随机分为试验组(n=84)和对照组(n=28)。试验组给予柴葛清热颗粒,每次1包(6g),4次/d;对照组给予复方双花颗粒,每次1包(6g),4次/d。疗程均为3d。观察治疗前后症状、体征变化和有无不良反应,并进行血、尿、大便常规,肝肾功能及心电图检查。结果:试验组和对照组经治疗后的Ⅱ期总显效率分别为78.57%、82.14%(符合方案分析)和75.86%、79.31%(意向性治疗分析),总有效率分别为96.43%、100%(符合方案分析)和93.10%、96.55%(意向性治疗分析),两组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);试验组和对照组经治疗后的Ⅲ期总显效率分别为90.54%、73.08%(符合方案分析)和88.16%、70.37%(意向性治疗分析),总有效率分别为94.59%、96.15%(符合方案分析)和92.11%、92.59%(意向性治疗分析),两组比较差异亦无统计学意义(P>0.05)。在用药过程中,未发现柴葛清热颗粒的明显不良反应。结论:柴葛清热颗粒是治疗急性上呼吸道感染风热证安全有效的药物。

中成药辨证治疗小儿合胞病毒急性上感临床研究

目的:对小儿急性上呼吸道感染合胞病毒感染状况及中成药辨证方案治疗进行研究。方法:收集2009年4月—2011年1月济南、沈阳、南京地区急性上呼吸道感染患儿,辨证分型后随机分成两组,对照组使用利巴韦林抗病毒常规治疗,治疗组应用上市中成药辨证治疗方案治疗,3 d 1个疗程,检测合胞病毒并观察上市中成药辨证治疗效果及相关因素。结果:收集1090例病例,合胞病毒感染率为12.56%,学龄前儿童易感,秋季感染居多,南京和济南较沈阳合胞病毒感染率高,合胞病毒阳性者表寒里热证多见。结论:合胞病毒感染为小儿急性上感的常见病毒,其感染率与季节、地域、年龄相关,与中医辨证有相关性,中成药辨证治疗优势显著。

中药对上呼吸道感染的治疗作用及机制研究进展

上呼吸道感染是由病毒或细菌感染引起,以鼻塞、咳嗽等局部症状为主的急性感染性疾病,极易向下呼吸道迁延而出现哮喘、支气管炎、肺炎等多种并发症。该病在中医学上称为伤风、外感发热,为肺气不足,肾血不纳所致。中医药治疗采用辨证论治、分型防治、内外兼治的方式,能扶正祛邪,补阴固阳,具有突出优势。但中药成分复杂,系统地确定中药活性成分及复方治疗上呼吸道感染的作用和机制仍有挑战性。目前上呼吸道感染多见小儿外感、反复上感,治疗手段主要集中于外治法,对于内治法中单味中药或复方成分的协同作用、药效作用、抗炎机理、具体靶点通路均不明确。本研究从中医治疗途径、单味中药和临床复方应用效果及作用机制等方面对上呼吸道感染中药治疗进行阐述,就中药活性成分、单味中药提取物、经典名方在上呼吸道感染中的治疗作用及机制进行总结分析,以期为寻求有效药物,开发新型制剂,加强中医药的临床应用提供依据和参考。

芩翘汤治疗儿童急性上呼吸道感染的临床观察

目的通过对自拟芩翘汤治疗儿童急性上呼吸道感染的临床研究,验证芩翘汤的临床疗效,探讨其作用机制。方法将符合纳入标准的儿童急性上呼吸道感染患者421例随机分为2组。对照组给予上呼吸道感染常规治疗,治疗组煎服自拟芩翘汤。3-5d为1个疗程。分别于治疗前、治疗中、治疗后评定临床疗效。结果 413例完成了观察,其中治疗组211例,观察组202例。①治疗后第3天的总有效率治疗组为92.9%,对照组为87.6%（P〈0.01）;治疗后第5天的总有效率治疗组为97.6%,对照组为96.5%（P〈0.05）。②自拟芩翘汤对风热犯表、肺卫失宣症候的疗效痊愈率为67.8%,总有效率为92.9%,对照组为50.5%和86.7%（P〈0.05）。治疗期间未见明显与药物相关的不良反应。结论自拟芩翘汤治疗儿童急性上呼吸道感染安全效佳。

复方芩兰口服液治疗呼吸道合胞病毒下呼吸道感染患者的疗效及安全性分析

目的分析复方芩兰口服液治疗呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)下呼吸道感染患者的疗效及安全性.方法选取2021年2月—2022年5月收治的120例RSV下呼吸道感染患儿为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为两组.对照组60例采用常规西药对症支持治疗,观察组60例在对照组基础上采用复方芩兰口服液治疗.对比两组的临床疗效,症状消失时间,T淋巴细胞水平及炎症介质水平.结果观察组治疗总有效率为91.66%,较对照组的80.00%高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组发热、咳嗽、喘息及干湿啰音症状消失时间均短于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗后,观察组CD4^(+)、CD4^(+)/CD8^(+)均高于对照组,CD8^(+)、白细胞介素-6、肿瘤坏死因子-α均低于对照组,组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论复方芩兰口服液治疗RSV下呼吸道感染患儿可有效改善其临床症状,减少炎症介质分泌与刺激,提高免疫能力,进而提升整体疗效,且不良反应少,具有较高的临床应用价值.

双黄连雾化吸入治疗呼吸道合胞病毒所致急性下呼吸道感染

为评价双黄连雾化吸入对呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）所致急性下呼吸道感染的疗效，采用双盲随机对照方法对45例3岁以下有RSV感染的肺炎或毛细支气管炎病例进行了治疗研究。双黄连组17例，病毒哩组和对照组各14例。结果表明，治疗后双黄连组及病毒唑组在症状体征缓解天数方面均短于对照组（F=5.12，P＜0．01）；血氧分压的改善双黄连组显著高于其他两组（F=4.31，P＜0．05）；肺部X线检查结果双黄连组也短于其他两组（H=11.01，P＜0．01）。双黄连组病毒检出率较低，细胞免疫指标恢复正常者亦较其他两组多。双黄连组未见任何严重副作用。研究结果提示，双黄连雾化吸入治疗RSV引起的下呼吸道感染是安全有效的方法。

中西医结合治疗上呼吸道感染的疗效观察

目的观察双黄连颗粒联合头孢羟氨苄、复方氨酚烷胺胶囊治疗大学生上感的疗效。方法将160例临床患者随机分为对照组和治疗组,每组80例,对照组给予头孢羟氨苄、复方氨酚烷胺胶囊早晚口服。治疗组给予双黄连颗粒和头孢羟氨苄、复方氨酚烷胺胶囊联合口服,观察后评定疗效。结果治疗组发热,鼻塞流涕,咽痛,咳嗽的缓解时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗组的总有效率97.50%,显著高于对照组88.75%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论相对于单纯西药治疗,双黄连颗粒与西药联合应用见效快,症状缓解迅速,疗效肯定,值得临床推广。