Correct tumour restaging is pivotal for identifying the most personalised surgical treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant therapy,and works to avoid both poor oncological out...Correct tumour restaging is pivotal for identifying the most personalised surgical treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant therapy,and works to avoid both poor oncological outcome and overtreatment.Digital rectal examination,endoscopy,and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging are the recommended modalities for local tumour restaging,while chest and abdominal computed tomography are utilised for the assessment of distant disease.The optimal length of time between neoadjuvant treatment and restaging,in terms of both oncological safety and clinical effectiveness of treatment,remains unclear,especially for patients receiving prolonged total neoadjuvant therapy.The timely identification of patients who are radioresistant and at risk of disease progression remains challenging.展开更多
In patients with advanced rectal cancer,neoadjuvant chemo radiotherapy provides tumor downstaging and downsizing and complete pathological response in up to 30%of cases.After proctectomy complete pathological response...In patients with advanced rectal cancer,neoadjuvant chemo radiotherapy provides tumor downstaging and downsizing and complete pathological response in up to 30%of cases.After proctectomy complete pathological response is associated with low rates of local recurrence and excellent long term survival.Several authors claim a less invasive surgery or a non operative policy in patients with partial or clinical complete response respectively,however to identify patients with true complete pathological response before surgical resection remains a challenge.Current imaging techniques have been reported to be highly accurate in the primary staging of rectal cancer,however neoadjuvant therapy course produces deep modifications on cancer tissue and on surrounding structures such as overgrowth fibrosis,deep stroma alteration,wall thickness,muscle disarrangement,tumor necrosis,calcification,and inflammatory infiltration.As a result,the same imaging techniques,when used for restaging,are far less accurate.Local tumor extent may be overestimated or underestimated.The diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination,rectal ultrasound,computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and positron emission tomography using 18F-fluoro-2’-deoxy-Dglucose ranges between 25%and 75%being less than 60%in most studies,both for rectal wall invasion and for lymph nodes involvement.In particular the ability to predict complete pathological response,in order to tailor the surgical approach,remains low.Due to the radio-induced tissue modifications,combined with imaging technical aspects,low rate accuracy is achieved,making modern imaging techniques still unreliable in restaging rectal cancer after chemo-radiotherapy.展开更多
AIM： To evaluate the clinical usefulness of lSF-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission and computed tomography QSF-FDG PET/CT） in restaging of esophageal cancer after surgical resection and radiotherapy. METHODS： Bet...AIM： To evaluate the clinical usefulness of lSF-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission and computed tomography QSF-FDG PET/CT） in restaging of esophageal cancer after surgical resection and radiotherapy. METHODS： Between January 2007 and Aug 2008, twenty histopathologically diagnosed esophageal cancer patients underwent 25 PET/CT scans （three patients had two scans and one patient had three scans） for restaging after surgical resection and radiotherapy. The standard reference for tumor recurrence was histopathologic confirmation or clinical follow-up for at least ten months after ^18F-FDG PET/CT examinations. RESULTS： Tumor recurrence was confirmed histopathologically in seven of the 20 patients （35%） and by clinical and radiological follow-up in 13 （65%）. ^18F-FDG PET/CT was positive in 14 patients （68.4%） and negative in six （31.6%）. ^18F-FDG PET/CT was true positive in 11 patients, false positive in three and true negative in six. Overall, the accuracy of ^18F-FDG PET/CT was 85%, negative predictive value （NPV） was 100%, and positive predictive value （PPV） was 78.6%.The three false positive PET/CT findings comprised chronic inflammation of mediastinal lymph nodes （n = 2） and anastomosis inflammation （n = 1）. PET/ CT demonstrated distant metastasis in 10 patients. ^18F-FDG PET/CT imaging-guided salvage treatment in nine patients was performed. Treatment regimens were changed in 12 （60%） patients after introducing ^18F-FDG PET/CT into their conventional post-treatment follow-up program. CONCLUSION： Whole body ^18F-FDG PET/CT is effective in detecting relapse of esophageal cancer after surgical resection and radiotherapy. It could also have important clinical impact on the management of esophageal cancer, influencing both clinical restaging and salvage treatment of patients.展开更多
PRESTAGE is a Monte Carlo simulation code which calculates proton single event effect cross sections from heavy ion test data. It can accurately predict not only single event upsets induced by proton indirect ionizati...PRESTAGE is a Monte Carlo simulation code which calculates proton single event effect cross sections from heavy ion test data. It can accurately predict not only single event upsets induced by proton indirect ionization,but also single event latch-ups and proton direct ionization effects[1]. However, in practical applications some of the input parameters are difficult to obtain. For instance, the thickness of the sensitive volume is closely related to the topology, doping concentration, and other device parameters. Device suppliers are generally reluctant to disclose such information due to the consideration of intellectual property protection. Therefore, examining the sensitivity to the input parameters is important to the usage of the PRESTAGE method.展开更多
Objective.This study aimed to compare the accuracy of rectal cancer restaging after neoadjuvant therapy with 3D CUBE sequence with 2D T2-weighted fast spin-echo(FSE)sequence.Methods.This retrospective study comprised ...Objective.This study aimed to compare the accuracy of rectal cancer restaging after neoadjuvant therapy with 3D CUBE sequence with 2D T2-weighted fast spin-echo(FSE)sequence.Methods.This retrospective study comprised 72 patients with rectal cancer confirmed by colonoscopy and biopsy.After neoadjuvant therapy,all patients underwent pelvic magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)examination at 1.5T MRI sequences including a single coronal 3D CUBE T2-weighted FSE sequence with 1.4mmthickness and a 2D T2-weighted FSE sequence in the sagittal,coronal and axial planes with 5mmthickness.The total acquisition time of the two sequences was recorded.Results were compared with postsurgical pathology(gold standard).The diagnostic accuracy was evaluated;and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and the area under the curves(AUC)were calculated.Results.The T category staging accuracy of 3D T2WI and 2D T2WI was 81.9% and 72.2%,respectively,for reviewer 1 and 86.1% and 75.0% for reviewer 2.The AUC of 3D was higher than that of 2D(0.878 vs.0.783 for reader 1 and 0.905 vs.0.796 for reader 2;both P<0.05)when judging whether the tumor broke through themuscle layer.There was no significant difference between 3D and 2D in judging whether lymph nodes weremalignant(AUC 0.719 vs.0.698 for reader 1 and 0.740 vs.0.698 for reader 2;both P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the visibility of the rectal wall layer,tumor lesion and the overall image quality(all P>0.05).Compared with 2D sequences,the 3D sequence had shorter acquisition time and higher signal intensity ratio(both P<0.05).Conclusion.3D CUBE T2-weighted sequences offer better diagnostic accuracy in rectal cancer restaging after neoadjuvant therapy when compared with 2D T2-weighted FSE sequences;it has a shorter scanning time and more versatility of orientation reconstruction.展开更多
Objective:To explore the value of transrectal ultrasonography(TRUS)for tumor node metastasis(TNM)restaging for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(neo-CRT).Methods:One hund...Objective:To explore the value of transrectal ultrasonography(TRUS)for tumor node metastasis(TNM)restaging for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(neo-CRT).Methods:One hundred and forty-nine patients with locally advanced rectal cancer(cT3-4 or cN+)who underwent TRUS after neo-CRT were retrospectively reviewed.TRUS restaging was compared with the results of post-operative pathological TNM findings.Results:After neo-CRT,the accuracy of TRUS for diagnosing T-staging was 30.9%,with 60.4%(90/149)of cases overestimated.The sensitivity of TRUS for T-staging(T0 vs T1 vs T2 vs T3 vs T4)were 16.3%,0%,12.5%,42.6%and 75.0%,respectively.The accuracy of TRUS for diagnosing N-staging after neo-CRT was 81.2%,with the sensitivities of N0 and N+were 93.3%and 31.0%,respectively.After neo-CRT,27.5%(41/149)of patients achieved pathologically complete response(pCR).The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive values of TRUS for pCR were 17.1%,99.1%,87.5%and 75.9%,respectively.Conclusions:TRUS can be applied for restaging T4 and N0,and has potential for screening out patients with pCR in those with locally advanced rectal cancer after neo-CRT,although some stages are overestimated for T-staging and its sensitivity for predicting pCR is low.展开更多
Rectal cancer is a common cancer and a major cause of mortality in Western countries. Accurate staging is essential for determining the optimal treatment strategies and planning appropriate surgical procedures to cont...Rectal cancer is a common cancer and a major cause of mortality in Western countries. Accurate staging is essential for determining the optimal treatment strategies and planning appropriate surgical procedures to control rectal cancer. Endorectal ultrasonography (EUS) is suitable for assessing the extent of tumor invasion, particularly in early-stage or superficial rectal cancer cases. In advanced cases with distant metastases, computed tomography (CT) is the primary approach used to evaluate the disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often used to assess preoperative staging and the circumferential resection margin involvement, which assists in evaluating a patient’s risk of recurrence and their optimal therapeutic strategy. Positron emission tomography (PET)-CT may be useful in detecting occult synchronous tumors or metastases at the time of initial presentation. Restaging after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) remains a challenge with all modalities because it is difficult to reliably differentiate between the tumor mass and other radiation-induced changes in the images. EUS does not appear to have a useful role in post-therapeutic response assessments. Although CT is most commonly used to evaluate treatment responses, its utility for identifying and following-up metastatic lesions is limited. Preoperative high-resolution MRI in combination with diffusion-weighted imaging, and/or PET-CT could provide valuable prognostic information for rectal cancer patients with locally advanced disease receiving preoperative CRT. Based on these results, we conclude that a combination of multimodal imaging methods should be used to precisely assess the restaging of rectal cancer following CRT.展开更多
In the present review we discuss the recent developments and future directions in the multimodal treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer, with respect to staging and re-staging modalities, to the current role of n...In the present review we discuss the recent developments and future directions in the multimodal treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer, with respect to staging and re-staging modalities, to the current role of neoadjuvant chemo-radiation and to the conservative and more limited surgical approaches based on tumour response after neoadjuvant combined therapy. When initial tumor staging is considered a high accuracy has been reported for T pre-treatment staging, while preoperative lymph node mapping is still suboptimal. With respect to tumour re-staging, all the current available modalities still present a limited accuracy, in particular in defining a complete response. The role of short vs long-course radiotherapy regimens as well as the optimal time of surgery are still unclear and under investigation by means of ongoing randomized trials. Observational management or local excision following tumour complete response are promising alternatives to total mesorectal excision, but need further evaluation, and their use outside of a clinical trial is not recommended.The preoperative selection of patients who will benefit from neoadjuvant radiotherapy or not, as well as the proper identification of a clinical complete tumour response after combined treatment modalities,will influence the future directions in the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer.展开更多
Parathyroid cancer is an uncommon malignant cancer and is associated with a poor prognosis.The staging of parathyroid cancer represents an important issue both at initial diagnosis and after surgery and medical treatm...Parathyroid cancer is an uncommon malignant cancer and is associated with a poor prognosis.The staging of parathyroid cancer represents an important issue both at initial diagnosis and after surgery and medical treatment.The role of positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)with 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose(18F-FDG)as an imaging tool in parathyroid cancer is not clearly reported in the literature,although its impact in other cancers is well-defined.The aim of the following illustrative clinical cases is to highlight the impact of PET/CT in the management of different phases of parathyroid cancer.We describe five patients with parathyroid malignant lesions,who underwent FDG PET/CT at initial staging,restaging and post-surgery evaluation.In each patient we report the value of PET/CT comparing its findings with other common imaging modalities(e.g.,CT,planar scintigraphy with 99mTcsestamibi,magnetic resonance imaging)thus determining the complementary benefit of FDG PET/CT in parathyroid carcinoma.We hope to provide an insight into the potential role of PET/CT in assessing the extent of disease and response to treatment which are the general principles used to correctly evaluate disease status.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT) in the restaging of resected rectal cancer.METHODS:From January 2007 to Sep 2008,21 patients who had...AIM:To evaluate the value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT) in the restaging of resected rectal cancer.METHODS:From January 2007 to Sep 2008,21 patients who had undergone curative surgery resection for rectal carcinoma with suspicious relapse in conventional imaging or clinical findings were retrospectively enrolled in our study.The patients underwent 28 PET/CT scans(two patients had two scans,one patient had three and one had four scans).Locoregional recurrences and/or distant metastases were confirmed by histological analysis or clinical and imaging follow-up.RESULTS:Final diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological diagnosis in 12 patients(57.1) and by clinical and imaging follow-up in nine patients(42.9).Eight patients had extrapelvic metastases with no evidence of pelvic recurrence.Seven patients had both pelvic recurrence and extrapelvic metastases,and two patients had pelvic recurrence only.18F-FDG PET/CT was negative in two patients and positive in 19 patients.18F-FDG PET/CT was true positive in 17 patients and false positive in two.The accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT was 90.5,negative predictive value was 100,and positive predictive value was 89.5.Five patients with perirectal recurrence underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT image guided tissue core biopsy.18F-FDG PET/CT also guided surgical resection of pulmonary metastases in three patients and monitored the response to salvage chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in four patients.CONCLUSION:18F-FDG PET/CT is useful for evaluating suspicious locoregional recurrence and distant metastases in the restaging of rectal cancer after curative resection.展开更多
文摘Correct tumour restaging is pivotal for identifying the most personalised surgical treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer undergoing neoadjuvant therapy,and works to avoid both poor oncological outcome and overtreatment.Digital rectal examination,endoscopy,and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging are the recommended modalities for local tumour restaging,while chest and abdominal computed tomography are utilised for the assessment of distant disease.The optimal length of time between neoadjuvant treatment and restaging,in terms of both oncological safety and clinical effectiveness of treatment,remains unclear,especially for patients receiving prolonged total neoadjuvant therapy.The timely identification of patients who are radioresistant and at risk of disease progression remains challenging.
文摘In patients with advanced rectal cancer,neoadjuvant chemo radiotherapy provides tumor downstaging and downsizing and complete pathological response in up to 30%of cases.After proctectomy complete pathological response is associated with low rates of local recurrence and excellent long term survival.Several authors claim a less invasive surgery or a non operative policy in patients with partial or clinical complete response respectively,however to identify patients with true complete pathological response before surgical resection remains a challenge.Current imaging techniques have been reported to be highly accurate in the primary staging of rectal cancer,however neoadjuvant therapy course produces deep modifications on cancer tissue and on surrounding structures such as overgrowth fibrosis,deep stroma alteration,wall thickness,muscle disarrangement,tumor necrosis,calcification,and inflammatory infiltration.As a result,the same imaging techniques,when used for restaging,are far less accurate.Local tumor extent may be overestimated or underestimated.The diagnostic accuracy of clinical examination,rectal ultrasound,computed tomography,magnetic resonance imaging,and positron emission tomography using 18F-fluoro-2’-deoxy-Dglucose ranges between 25%and 75%being less than 60%in most studies,both for rectal wall invasion and for lymph nodes involvement.In particular the ability to predict complete pathological response,in order to tailor the surgical approach,remains low.Due to the radio-induced tissue modifications,combined with imaging technical aspects,low rate accuracy is achieved,making modern imaging techniques still unreliable in restaging rectal cancer after chemo-radiotherapy.
文摘AIM： To evaluate the clinical usefulness of lSF-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission and computed tomography QSF-FDG PET/CT） in restaging of esophageal cancer after surgical resection and radiotherapy. METHODS： Between January 2007 and Aug 2008, twenty histopathologically diagnosed esophageal cancer patients underwent 25 PET/CT scans （three patients had two scans and one patient had three scans） for restaging after surgical resection and radiotherapy. The standard reference for tumor recurrence was histopathologic confirmation or clinical follow-up for at least ten months after ^18F-FDG PET/CT examinations. RESULTS： Tumor recurrence was confirmed histopathologically in seven of the 20 patients （35%） and by clinical and radiological follow-up in 13 （65%）. ^18F-FDG PET/CT was positive in 14 patients （68.4%） and negative in six （31.6%）. ^18F-FDG PET/CT was true positive in 11 patients, false positive in three and true negative in six. Overall, the accuracy of ^18F-FDG PET/CT was 85%, negative predictive value （NPV） was 100%, and positive predictive value （PPV） was 78.6%.The three false positive PET/CT findings comprised chronic inflammation of mediastinal lymph nodes （n = 2） and anastomosis inflammation （n = 1）. PET/ CT demonstrated distant metastasis in 10 patients. ^18F-FDG PET/CT imaging-guided salvage treatment in nine patients was performed. Treatment regimens were changed in 12 （60%） patients after introducing ^18F-FDG PET/CT into their conventional post-treatment follow-up program. CONCLUSION： Whole body ^18F-FDG PET/CT is effective in detecting relapse of esophageal cancer after surgical resection and radiotherapy. It could also have important clinical impact on the management of esophageal cancer, influencing both clinical restaging and salvage treatment of patients.
文摘PRESTAGE is a Monte Carlo simulation code which calculates proton single event effect cross sections from heavy ion test data. It can accurately predict not only single event upsets induced by proton indirect ionization,but also single event latch-ups and proton direct ionization effects[1]. However, in practical applications some of the input parameters are difficult to obtain. For instance, the thickness of the sensitive volume is closely related to the topology, doping concentration, and other device parameters. Device suppliers are generally reluctant to disclose such information due to the consideration of intellectual property protection. Therefore, examining the sensitivity to the input parameters is important to the usage of the PRESTAGE method.
基金This study was supported by grants from the Guangdong Science and Technology Department of China(No.2015A030313109).
文摘Objective.This study aimed to compare the accuracy of rectal cancer restaging after neoadjuvant therapy with 3D CUBE sequence with 2D T2-weighted fast spin-echo(FSE)sequence.Methods.This retrospective study comprised 72 patients with rectal cancer confirmed by colonoscopy and biopsy.After neoadjuvant therapy,all patients underwent pelvic magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)examination at 1.5T MRI sequences including a single coronal 3D CUBE T2-weighted FSE sequence with 1.4mmthickness and a 2D T2-weighted FSE sequence in the sagittal,coronal and axial planes with 5mmthickness.The total acquisition time of the two sequences was recorded.Results were compared with postsurgical pathology(gold standard).The diagnostic accuracy was evaluated;and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves and the area under the curves(AUC)were calculated.Results.The T category staging accuracy of 3D T2WI and 2D T2WI was 81.9% and 72.2%,respectively,for reviewer 1 and 86.1% and 75.0% for reviewer 2.The AUC of 3D was higher than that of 2D(0.878 vs.0.783 for reader 1 and 0.905 vs.0.796 for reader 2;both P<0.05)when judging whether the tumor broke through themuscle layer.There was no significant difference between 3D and 2D in judging whether lymph nodes weremalignant(AUC 0.719 vs.0.698 for reader 1 and 0.740 vs.0.698 for reader 2;both P>0.05).There were no significant differences in the visibility of the rectal wall layer,tumor lesion and the overall image quality(all P>0.05).Compared with 2D sequences,the 3D sequence had shorter acquisition time and higher signal intensity ratio(both P<0.05).Conclusion.3D CUBE T2-weighted sequences offer better diagnostic accuracy in rectal cancer restaging after neoadjuvant therapy when compared with 2D T2-weighted FSE sequences;it has a shorter scanning time and more versatility of orientation reconstruction.
基金This study was supported by National Natural Science Funding of China(81071891,81172209)Guangdong Provincial Science&Technology Funding(2010B0807017,2010B031600090).
文摘Objective:To explore the value of transrectal ultrasonography(TRUS)for tumor node metastasis(TNM)restaging for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy(neo-CRT).Methods:One hundred and forty-nine patients with locally advanced rectal cancer(cT3-4 or cN+)who underwent TRUS after neo-CRT were retrospectively reviewed.TRUS restaging was compared with the results of post-operative pathological TNM findings.Results:After neo-CRT,the accuracy of TRUS for diagnosing T-staging was 30.9%,with 60.4%(90/149)of cases overestimated.The sensitivity of TRUS for T-staging(T0 vs T1 vs T2 vs T3 vs T4)were 16.3%,0%,12.5%,42.6%and 75.0%,respectively.The accuracy of TRUS for diagnosing N-staging after neo-CRT was 81.2%,with the sensitivities of N0 and N+were 93.3%and 31.0%,respectively.After neo-CRT,27.5%(41/149)of patients achieved pathologically complete response(pCR).The sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value and negative predictive values of TRUS for pCR were 17.1%,99.1%,87.5%and 75.9%,respectively.Conclusions:TRUS can be applied for restaging T4 and N0,and has potential for screening out patients with pCR in those with locally advanced rectal cancer after neo-CRT,although some stages are overestimated for T-staging and its sensitivity for predicting pCR is low.
基金Supported by A grant(CRI 13041-22)of the Chonnam National University Hospital Research Institute of Clinical Medicine
文摘Rectal cancer is a common cancer and a major cause of mortality in Western countries. Accurate staging is essential for determining the optimal treatment strategies and planning appropriate surgical procedures to control rectal cancer. Endorectal ultrasonography (EUS) is suitable for assessing the extent of tumor invasion, particularly in early-stage or superficial rectal cancer cases. In advanced cases with distant metastases, computed tomography (CT) is the primary approach used to evaluate the disease. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often used to assess preoperative staging and the circumferential resection margin involvement, which assists in evaluating a patient’s risk of recurrence and their optimal therapeutic strategy. Positron emission tomography (PET)-CT may be useful in detecting occult synchronous tumors or metastases at the time of initial presentation. Restaging after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) remains a challenge with all modalities because it is difficult to reliably differentiate between the tumor mass and other radiation-induced changes in the images. EUS does not appear to have a useful role in post-therapeutic response assessments. Although CT is most commonly used to evaluate treatment responses, its utility for identifying and following-up metastatic lesions is limited. Preoperative high-resolution MRI in combination with diffusion-weighted imaging, and/or PET-CT could provide valuable prognostic information for rectal cancer patients with locally advanced disease receiving preoperative CRT. Based on these results, we conclude that a combination of multimodal imaging methods should be used to precisely assess the restaging of rectal cancer following CRT.
文摘In the present review we discuss the recent developments and future directions in the multimodal treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer, with respect to staging and re-staging modalities, to the current role of neoadjuvant chemo-radiation and to the conservative and more limited surgical approaches based on tumour response after neoadjuvant combined therapy. When initial tumor staging is considered a high accuracy has been reported for T pre-treatment staging, while preoperative lymph node mapping is still suboptimal. With respect to tumour re-staging, all the current available modalities still present a limited accuracy, in particular in defining a complete response. The role of short vs long-course radiotherapy regimens as well as the optimal time of surgery are still unclear and under investigation by means of ongoing randomized trials. Observational management or local excision following tumour complete response are promising alternatives to total mesorectal excision, but need further evaluation, and their use outside of a clinical trial is not recommended.The preoperative selection of patients who will benefit from neoadjuvant radiotherapy or not, as well as the proper identification of a clinical complete tumour response after combined treatment modalities,will influence the future directions in the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer.
文摘Parathyroid cancer is an uncommon malignant cancer and is associated with a poor prognosis.The staging of parathyroid cancer represents an important issue both at initial diagnosis and after surgery and medical treatment.The role of positron emission tomography/computed tomography(PET/CT)with 18F-Fluorodeoxyglucose(18F-FDG)as an imaging tool in parathyroid cancer is not clearly reported in the literature,although its impact in other cancers is well-defined.The aim of the following illustrative clinical cases is to highlight the impact of PET/CT in the management of different phases of parathyroid cancer.We describe five patients with parathyroid malignant lesions,who underwent FDG PET/CT at initial staging,restaging and post-surgery evaluation.In each patient we report the value of PET/CT comparing its findings with other common imaging modalities(e.g.,CT,planar scintigraphy with 99mTcsestamibi,magnetic resonance imaging)thus determining the complementary benefit of FDG PET/CT in parathyroid carcinoma.We hope to provide an insight into the potential role of PET/CT in assessing the extent of disease and response to treatment which are the general principles used to correctly evaluate disease status.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the value of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT) in the restaging of resected rectal cancer.METHODS:From January 2007 to Sep 2008,21 patients who had undergone curative surgery resection for rectal carcinoma with suspicious relapse in conventional imaging or clinical findings were retrospectively enrolled in our study.The patients underwent 28 PET/CT scans(two patients had two scans,one patient had three and one had four scans).Locoregional recurrences and/or distant metastases were confirmed by histological analysis or clinical and imaging follow-up.RESULTS:Final diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological diagnosis in 12 patients(57.1) and by clinical and imaging follow-up in nine patients(42.9).Eight patients had extrapelvic metastases with no evidence of pelvic recurrence.Seven patients had both pelvic recurrence and extrapelvic metastases,and two patients had pelvic recurrence only.18F-FDG PET/CT was negative in two patients and positive in 19 patients.18F-FDG PET/CT was true positive in 17 patients and false positive in two.The accuracy of 18F-FDG PET/CT was 90.5,negative predictive value was 100,and positive predictive value was 89.5.Five patients with perirectal recurrence underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT image guided tissue core biopsy.18F-FDG PET/CT also guided surgical resection of pulmonary metastases in three patients and monitored the response to salvage chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy in four patients.CONCLUSION:18F-FDG PET/CT is useful for evaluating suspicious locoregional recurrence and distant metastases in the restaging of rectal cancer after curative resection.
