Searching for effective biomarkers is one of the most challenging tasks in the research ？eld of Autism Spectrum Disorder（ASD）. Magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） provides a non-invasive and powerful tool for investi...Searching for effective biomarkers is one of the most challenging tasks in the research ？eld of Autism Spectrum Disorder（ASD）. Magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） provides a non-invasive and powerful tool for investigating changes in the structure, function, maturation,connectivity, and metabolism of the brain of children with ASD. Here, we review the more recent MRI studies in young children with ASD, aiming to provide candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis of childhood ASD. The review covers structural imaging methods, diffusion tensor imaging, resting-state functional MRI, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Future advances in neuroimaging techniques, as well as cross-disciplinary studies and largescale collaborations will be needed for an integrated approach linking neuroimaging, genetics, and phenotypic data to allow the discovery of new, effective biomarkers.展开更多
目的:利用静息态功能磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)技术的低频振幅(ALFF)算法探讨针刺治疗儿童屈光参差性弱视的脑功能机制。方法:将80例屈光层参差性单眼弱视儿童分为常规组(40例,脱落1例)和针刺组(40例,脱落1例)。常规组予以配镜、红闪光栅和...目的:利用静息态功能磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)技术的低频振幅(ALFF)算法探讨针刺治疗儿童屈光参差性弱视的脑功能机制。方法:将80例屈光层参差性单眼弱视儿童分为常规组(40例,脱落1例)和针刺组(40例,脱落1例)。常规组予以配镜、红闪光栅和视刺激治疗,每项5 min/次;针刺组在常规治疗的基础上给予“调气通经明目”针法治疗,取双侧睛明、攒竹、光明、风池,每次留针30 m in;两组均隔日治疗1次,3次/周,共4周。治疗结束后,检测两组患者视力和视觉诱发电位(P-VEP)P100波潜伏期和振幅改变。同时从两组中各随机选取9例左眼弱视患儿,于治疗前后分别予以rs-fMRI扫描,比较分析两组患儿脑区ALFF差异。结果:①治疗后两组患儿矫正视力均较治疗前提高(P<0.05);与治疗前比较,治疗后两组患儿P-VEP P100波潜伏期缩短、振幅升高(P<0.05),针刺组改善程度显著优于常规组(P<0.05)。②治疗后,常规组右侧豆状核ALFF值增高;针刺组右侧颞叶ALFF值增高(P<0.05);针刺组与常规组比较,右侧边缘叶/扣带回左侧胼胝体/扣带回、左侧额叶/双侧辅助运动区的ALFF值降低(P<0.05),右侧顶叶/顶下小叶增高(P<0.05)。结论:针刺联合常规治疗可改善屈光参差性弱视儿童的矫正视力,增强视神经传导功能;两种疗法的效应机制与有效调节不同脑区自发功能活动和响应有关,但二者脑功能响应区域存在明显差异。与常规疗法相比,边缘系统、额叶、顶叶可能是针刺治疗屈光参差性弱视重点调控的脑区。展开更多
文摘Searching for effective biomarkers is one of the most challenging tasks in the research ？eld of Autism Spectrum Disorder（ASD）. Magnetic resonance imaging（MRI） provides a non-invasive and powerful tool for investigating changes in the structure, function, maturation,connectivity, and metabolism of the brain of children with ASD. Here, we review the more recent MRI studies in young children with ASD, aiming to provide candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis of childhood ASD. The review covers structural imaging methods, diffusion tensor imaging, resting-state functional MRI, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Future advances in neuroimaging techniques, as well as cross-disciplinary studies and largescale collaborations will be needed for an integrated approach linking neuroimaging, genetics, and phenotypic data to allow the discovery of new, effective biomarkers.
文摘目的:利用静息态功能磁共振成像(rs-fMRI)技术的低频振幅(ALFF)算法探讨针刺治疗儿童屈光参差性弱视的脑功能机制。方法:将80例屈光层参差性单眼弱视儿童分为常规组(40例,脱落1例)和针刺组(40例,脱落1例)。常规组予以配镜、红闪光栅和视刺激治疗,每项5 min/次;针刺组在常规治疗的基础上给予“调气通经明目”针法治疗,取双侧睛明、攒竹、光明、风池,每次留针30 m in;两组均隔日治疗1次,3次/周,共4周。治疗结束后,检测两组患者视力和视觉诱发电位(P-VEP)P100波潜伏期和振幅改变。同时从两组中各随机选取9例左眼弱视患儿,于治疗前后分别予以rs-fMRI扫描,比较分析两组患儿脑区ALFF差异。结果:①治疗后两组患儿矫正视力均较治疗前提高(P<0.05);与治疗前比较,治疗后两组患儿P-VEP P100波潜伏期缩短、振幅升高(P<0.05),针刺组改善程度显著优于常规组(P<0.05)。②治疗后,常规组右侧豆状核ALFF值增高;针刺组右侧颞叶ALFF值增高(P<0.05);针刺组与常规组比较,右侧边缘叶/扣带回左侧胼胝体/扣带回、左侧额叶/双侧辅助运动区的ALFF值降低(P<0.05),右侧顶叶/顶下小叶增高(P<0.05)。结论:针刺联合常规治疗可改善屈光参差性弱视儿童的矫正视力,增强视神经传导功能;两种疗法的效应机制与有效调节不同脑区自发功能活动和响应有关,但二者脑功能响应区域存在明显差异。与常规疗法相比,边缘系统、额叶、顶叶可能是针刺治疗屈光参差性弱视重点调控的脑区。
