A systematic review of the efficacy of traditional Chinese medicine retention enema in the treatment of ulcerative colitis

The objective of this study is to summarize the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)enema in the treatment of ulcerative colitis(UC).The randomized controlled trials on TCM enema intervention in the treatment of UC were searched in seven databases:PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,CBM,CNKI,Wanfang Database,and VIP Database from January 1,2013 to June 6,2022,and the data were analyzed using RevMan 5.3 software.A total of 18 studies involving 1514 UC patients were included.Meta analysis results showed that compared with conventional Western medicine,Chinese medicine enema had a significant effect on UC,and the clinical effective rate of the experimental group using Chinese medicine enema was 4.45 times that of the control group using conventional Western medicine(odds ratio=4.45,95%confidence interval[3.27,6.06]).Therefore,Chinese medicine enema is effective in the treatment of UC,and can significantly reduce related symptoms.

A Meta-Analysis of Treating Radiation Proctitis by Retention Enema with Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine

Objective:To systematically and objectively evaluate clinical efficacy of retention enema with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on radiation proctitis(RP).Methods:CNKI,WANFANG,VIP,CMB and foreign language databases like Embase,Central and Medline were searched.Search dates were from establishment of the databases until May 2020.Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of retention enema with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine for RP were retrieved.Two system reviewers selected literature materials,extracted literature data,and evaluated the quality of the literatures.RevMan 5.3 software was used for data analysis.Results:A total of 12 studies were included,including 941 patients.Meta-analysis results showed:Clinical efficacy in the retention enema group with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine was better than that in the simple western medicine enema or blank enema group(OR=5.96,95%CI[5.50,14.29],P<0.00001).Improvement of abdominal pain in the retention enema group with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine was better than that in the control group(MD=-0.57,95%CI[-0.72,-0.42],P<0.00001).Treatment for hematochezia in the retention enema group with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine was better than that in the control group(MD=-0.55,95%CI[-0.69,-0.42],P<0.00001).Improvement of diarrhea in the retention enema group with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine was better than that in the control group(MD=-0.69,95%CI[-0.91,-0.48],P<0.00001).KPS scores in the retention enema group with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine were better than those in the control group(MD=11.91,95%CI[3.81,20.01],P<0.00001).Conclusion:Clinical efficacy of retention enema with integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine on RP is better than simple western medicine enema or blank enema.Due to the low quality of the included clinical literatures,it is necessary to carry out more deliberate,detailed,high-quality,randomized,double-blind,and multi-center RCTs in order to give more powerful demonstration on its clinical efficacy on RP.

Structural and functional characteristics of microbiota in oropharynx of sub-healthy children with gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome differentiated by traditional Chinese medicine

Objective:To explore the structural and functional characteristics of microbiota in oropharynx of subhealthy children with gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome(GHRS)differentiated by traditional Chinese medicine,and screen the biometric operational taxonomic units(OTUs)to assist the clinical diagnosis.Methods:We recruited children according to the“GHRS diagnostic scale”,collected their oropharyngeal swabs,and sequenced the 16 SrDNA V4 region.We described the bacterial structure with alpha-indexes,beta-distances,and relative abundances;moreover,we screened the differential genera/OTUs with Wilcoxon rank-sum test,Metagenome Seq analysis,and linear discriminant analysis effect size(LEf Se)analysis,in which biometric OTUs were selected to construct the receiver operating characteristic curve to verify the diagnostic value.The bacterial function was predicted with Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathways according to 16S rDNA gene by using Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States.Results:The study population was composed of 10 children with GHRS and 10 healthy control children.GHRS children were more likely to overeat(gluttony,P=.033).Alpha-indexes,such as Sobs,abundancebased coverage estimator,Bootstrap,and Qstat,were significantly higher in the GHRS group,while betadistances did not exhibit any significant intergroup differences.There were 9 differently distributed nonpredominant genera between the groups in Wilcoxon rank-sum test,as well as 13 non-predominant genera in Metagenome Seq analysis and 3 non-predominant OTUs in LEfSe analysis.OTU44 and OTU196 were used to construct the receiver operating characteristic curve,and the area under curve was 0.92.Predicted functions showed that pathways related to oxidative phosphorylation and carbon metabolism were enriched in healthy control samples,while the pathway related to renin secretion was remarkably enriched in GHRS samples.Conclusion:Unique oropharyngeal microbial structure and function were identified in GHRS children.OTU44 and OTU196 were specific OTUs,which could be used as biomarkers of GHRS to assist clinical diagnosis.

Feasibility and simulation model of a pilot scale membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment and reuse from Chinese traditional medicine

The lack and pollution of water resource make wastewater reuse necessary. The pilot scale long-term tests for submerged membrane bioreactor were conducted to treat the effluents of anaerobic or aerobic treatment process for the high-strength Chinese traditional medicine wastewater. This article was focused on the feasibility of the wastewater treatment and reuse at shorter hydraulic retention time （HRT） of 5.0, 3.2 and 2.13 h. MLSS growth, membrane flux, vacuum values and chemical cleaning periods were also investigated. The experimental results of treating two-phase anaerobic treatment effluent demonstrated that the CODfilt was less than 100 mg/L when the influent COD was between 500-10000 mg/L at HRT of 5.0 h, which could satisfy the normal discharged standard in China. The experimental results to treat cross flow aerobic reactor effluent demonstrated that the average value of CODfilt was 17.28 mg/L when the average value of influent COD was 192.84 mg/L at HRT of 2.13 h during 106 d, which could completely meet the normal standard for water reuse. The maximum MLSS and MLVSS reached 24000 and 14500 mg/L at HRT of 3.2 h respectively. Membrane flux had maximal resume degrees of 94.7% at vacuum value of 0.02 MPa after cleaning. Chemical cleaning periods of membrane module were 150 d. A simulation model of operational parameters was also established based on the theory of back propagation neural network and linear regression of traditional mathematical model. The simulation model showed that the optimum operational parameters were suggested as follows： HRT was 5.0 h, SRT was 100 d, the range of COD loading rate was between 10.664-20.451 kg/（m3.d）, the range of MLSS was between 7543-13694 mg/L.

A study of acupoint selection rules of moxibustion and auricular point therapy in the treatment of urinary retention after anorectal surgery based on data mining

Based on the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System(V2.5),we explored the compatibility rules of moxibustion and auricular point prescriptions in the treatment of urinary retention after anorectal surgery,and further to obtain new prescriptions.Methods:We searched CNKI,Wanfang,VIP and CBM databases for the literature of moxibustion and auricular point therapy for urinary retention after anorectal surgery,collecting complete prescriptions and entering them into the Traditional Chinese Medicine Inheritance Support System(V2.5).The acupoint frequency,association rules,and combination rules were analyzed by data mining method of software integration.Results:126 moxibustion prescriptions were selected,and the acupoints for urinary retention after anorectal surgery in the literature were analyzed,including 10 acupoints with frequency≥6,9 acupoint combinations with frequency≥26,5 acupoints with association rules,6 core acupoint combinations and 3 new prescription.124 auricular point prescriptions were selected,and the relevant acupoints in the literature were analyzed,including 10 acupoints with frequency of use≥18,15 acupoint combinations with frequency≥40,12 acupoint combinations with association rules,6 core acupoint combinations,and 3 new prescriptions.The core points include Qihai(RN6),Sanyinjiao(SP6),Zhongji(RN3),Guanyuan(RN4).The auricular point therapy is more to select the tenderness points and acupoints that have an impact on the urinary system,mainly including“Pangguang”(CO9),“Shenmen”(TF4),“Shen”(CO10),“Sanjiao”(CO17),“Pizhixia”(AT4),“Niaodao”(HX3),“Fei”(CO14),“Jiaogan”(AH6a).Conclusion:Moxibustion for the treatment of urinary retention is mainly based on invigorating“Primordial Qi”and regulating the functions of“Middle Jiao”(refers to the area of the body just below the diaphragm and above the navel that helps produce delicate nutrients).The entropic clustering of complex systems excavated new prescriptions for the treatment of urinary retention after anorectal surgery,providing new ideas for future research and treatment.

Clinical Study on Treatment of Hyperuricaemia by Retention Enema of Chinese Herbal Medicine Combined with Allopurinol

Objective:To study the effect of retention enema of Chinese herbal medicine combined with allopurinol in treating hyperuricaemia(HUE).Methods:Seventy-eight patients with HUE were assigned to two groups,the 40 patients in the treated group were treated with retention enema of Chinese herbal medicine combined with oral intake of allopurinol,and the 38 patients in the control group were treated with allopurinol alone. The therapeutic course for all was 6 weeks.The clinical efficacy,changes of symptoms,blood le...

Administration of modified Gegen Qinlian decoction for hemorrhagic chronic radiation proctitis: A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Hemorrhagic chronic radiation proctitis(CRP) is a common late complication of irradiation of the pelvis and seriously impairs life quality. There is no standard treatment for hemorrhagic CRP. Medical treatment, interventional treatment, and surgery are available, but they are limited in their applications due to nondefinite efficacy or side effects. Chinese herbal medicine(CHM), as a complementary or alternative therapy, may provide another option for hemorrhagic CRP treatment.CASE SUMMARY A 51-year-old woman with cervical cancer received intensity-modulated radiation therapy and brachytherapy with a total dose of 93 Gy fifteen days after hysterectomy and bilateral adnexectomy. She received six additional cycles of chemotherapy with carboplatin and paclitaxel. Nine months after radiotherapy treatment, she mainly complained of 5-6 times diarrhea daily and bloody purulent stools for over 10 d. After colonoscopy examinations, she was diagnosed with hemorrhagic CRP with a giant ulcer. After assessment, she received CHM treatment. The specific regimen was 150 mL of modified Gegen Qinlian decoction(GQD) used as a retention enema for 1 mo, followed by replacement with oral administration of 150 mL of modified GQD three times per day for 5 mo. After the whole treatment, her diarrhea reduced to 1-2 times a day. Her rectal tenesmus and mild pain in lower abdomen disappeared. Both colonoscopy and magnetic resonance imaging confirmed its significant improvement. During treatment,there were no side effects, such as liver and renal function damage.CONCLUSION Modified GQD may be another effective and safe option for hemorrhagic CRP patients with giant ulcers.

Exploring the association between gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome and adult chronic eczema: A caseecontrol study

Objective:To investigate the association between gastrointestinal heat retention syndrome(GHRS)and adult chronic eczema.Methods:This caseecontrol study compared GHRS/GHRS accompanied by damp-heat syndrome(GHRSDHS)and other patient characteristics between subjects with(cases)and without chronic eczema(controls)to identify potential factors associated with this condition.Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect data via face-to-face interviews.Participants were recruited from Dongzhimen Hospital affiliated with Beijing University of Chinese Medicine.A logistic regression analysis was performed on the collected data,and odds ratios(ORs)were calculated.Results:A total of 168 cases and 172 controls were recruited.Among the cases of adult chronic eczema,there were 79 subjects with GHRS and 68 with GHRS-DHS.Sex(P=.02,OR=0.54,95%confidence interval[CI]:0.32-0.91),GHRS(P=.04,OR=1.90,95%CI:1.02-3.51),GHRS-DHS(P<.001,OR=4.89,95%CI:2.36-10.15),high sweet food consumption(P=.04,OR=2.03,95%CI:1.03-3.97),and mental stress(P=.01,OR=2.37,95%CI:1.26-4.47)were each found to be associated with chronic eczema.Furthermore,GHRS had a weak positive correlation with eczema EASI severity as measured by the eczema area and severity index(EASI)(P=003).Conclusion:GHRS/GHRS-DHS may be associated with adult chronic eczema.In the future,prospective cohort studies with larger samples should be conducted to investigate the cause and effect association between GHRS and adult chronic eczema.

Operating procedures of moxibustion technology

Moxibustion therapy is a treatment and health-care method that originated from China.It is a kind of therapy for preventing and treating diseases by stimulating meridians and acupoints using heat to regulate the viscera and enhance immunity.This article introduces the definition and mechanism of moxibustion technology,clinical operation technics,and precautions of moxibustion in practice,and demonstrates plenty of iconic cases of application of moxibustion in the treatment of insomnia,dysmenorrhea,urinary retention,knee arthritis,chronic eczema,etc.,so as to provide a reference for the wide application of moxibustion technology.

基于子午流注的气交灸法在脑卒中后气虚型尿潴留病人中的应用

目的:探讨基于子午流注的气交灸法治疗脑卒中后气虚型尿潴留病人的临床效果。方法:选取2022年1月—2023年1月在我院住院治疗的60例脑卒中后气虚型尿潴留病人,采用随机数字表法将其分为治疗组和对照组,各30例,对照组给予脑卒中后尿潴留护理常规护理,治疗组在对照组的基础上实施基于子午流注的气交灸法,比较两组治疗前、治疗2周后膀胱残余尿量、治疗后的临床疗效和满意度。结果:治疗2周后,治疗组膀胱残余尿量、临床疗效和满意度均优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于子午流注的气交灸法能有效减少脑卒中后气虚型尿潴留病人的残余尿量,改善临床疗效,提高病人满意度。

Different traditional Chinese medicine treatments on Tubal obstructive infertility

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of prescription of Chinese medical retention enema, Chinese herbal decoction and acupncture at acupoints of thoroughfare vessel and conception vessel in treating tubal obstructive infertility. Methods One hundred and five patients with tubal obstructive infertility were randomly divided into 3 groups according to random number table （A, B and C） with 35 cases in each group）. The patients in group A were treated by retention enema with concentrated decoction of Taoren （核仁 Semen Persicae）, HGnghua （红花 Flos Carthami）, Lizhi He （荔枝核 Semen Litchi）, Juhe （橘核 Semen Citri Reticulatae） and other Chinese medicine; the patients in group B were given Chinese herbal decoction of Hongteng （红藤 Caulis Sargentodoxae）, BbijiGngcao （败酱草 Herba Patriniae）, Chishao （赤芍 Radix Paeoniae Rubra）, Xibkucao （夏枯草 Spica Prunellae） 20 g, Zbojiaoci （皂角刺 Spina Gleditsiae） and so on orally; the patients in group C were given acupuncture treatment by needling in ZhGngji （中极 CV 3）, Guanyuan （关元 CV 4）, O.ihai （气海 CV 6） and other acupoints with uniform reinforcing- reducing method and then combined with moxibustion for 15 min. The therapeutic effect of three groups was recorded after treatment of three menstrual cycles. Results The total effective rate of group A was 45.71%; the total effective rate of group B was 77.14%; the total effective rate of group B was 85.71%. The difference in statistics of group A and group B, Group A and group C had obvious statistical significance （both P〈0.05） but statistics of group B and group C had no statistical significance （P〉0.05）. Conclusion Different kinds of traditional Chinese medicine treatments all have an effect in treating tubal obstructive infertility, Chinese herbal decoction and acupncture in thoroughfare vessel and conception vessel have better effects than retention enema.

中药保留灌肠治疗肝硬化内毒素血症的疗效观察

目的:观察中药自拟方保留灌肠治疗肝硬化内毒素血症的临床疗效。方法:选择100例肝硬化内毒素血症住院患者,随机分为观察组与对照组各50例。观察组患者给予中药复方(水煎剂)保留灌肠,隔日1次,连续14 d;对照组不给予中药治疗。在第15 d对比两组患者的血清内毒素(ET)、总胆红素(TBil)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、血氨(NH3)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平;比较内毒素血症治疗结果、症状积分变化及并发症等。结果:完成随访91例。治疗后观察组患者的ET水平低于对照组(P<0.05),观察组患者TBil、NH3、IL-6水平低于对照组(P<0.05),ALT、AST两组无统计学差异(P>0.05)。观察组患者痊愈及治疗有效的病例数多于对照组,组间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者在发热、腹胀、胁痛3个方面的症状改善程度优于对照组(P<0.05)。两组患者在并发症的差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:自拟方中药保留灌肠治疗肝硬化内毒素血症的疗效肯定,且有助于改善患者临床症状,安全性良好。

中西医结合治疗1例高龄顽固性便秘患者的护理体会

本文总结1例高龄顽固性便秘患者的中西结合治疗和护理经验。在常规治疗的同时,依据知识转化模型(KTA),将循证指南推荐的便秘管理最佳证据进行临床实践,并依据相关中西医结合诊疗专家共识,形成基于循证的个体化中西医协同护理方案,采用中药保留灌肠软化粪石、中药离子导入促进肠蠕动、子午流注经皮穴位电刺激治疗促进气血运行,并配合营养、运动、排便等多维度护理,有效改善患者便秘症状。

中药保留灌肠联合芒硝外敷的辨证施护治疗急性胰腺炎的效果

目的探讨中药保留灌肠联合芒硝外敷的中医辨证施护在急性胰腺炎患者中的应用效果。方法将80例急性胰腺炎患者随机分为观察组与对照组,对照组给予常规治疗护理,观察组在对照组基础上给予中药保留灌肠联合芒硝外敷的中医辨证施护治疗,观察两组的治疗效果及临床症状改善时间。结果观察组总有效率为97.5%(39/40),高于对照组的70.0%(28/40)(P<0.05)。经治疗,观察组临床症状改善时间均短于对照组(P<0.05)。结论中药保留灌肠联合芒硝外敷的中医辨证施护在急性胰腺炎患者中的应用效果显著,预后良好,患者乐意接受此项操作,可行推广。

双黄溃结宁灌肠方治疗轻中度大肠湿热型溃疡性结肠炎临床观察

目的探讨双黄溃结宁灌肠方治疗轻中度溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的临床疗效和安全性。方法选取医院2021年1月至2023年6月收治的轻中度大肠湿热型UC患者57例,随机分为观察组(28例)和对照组(29例)。两组患者均口服美沙拉嗪,在此基础上,对照组患者加用美沙拉嗪直肠栓剂治疗,观察组患者加用双黄溃结宁保留灌肠。两组患者均连续治疗12周。结果两组患者的临床缓解率相当(92.9%比86.2%,P>0.05)。观察组患者的中医证候改善有效率及生活质量评分均显著优于对照组(P<0.05或P<0.01)。两组均未发生不良反应。结论双黄溃结宁灌肠方治疗轻中度大肠湿热型溃疡性结肠炎疗效较好,安全性较高。

厚朴排气合剂灌肠联合肠梗阻导管在小儿非绞窄性肠梗阻中的应用

目的:探讨肠梗阻导管联合厚朴排气合剂灌肠在小儿非绞窄性肠梗阻的应用。方法:100例非绞窄性肠梗阻患儿随机分为一般灌肠组和厚朴排气组各50例,一般灌肠组给予温盐水灌肠和肥皂水灌肠治疗;厚朴排气组给予肠梗阻导管联合厚朴排气合剂灌肠治疗。观察两组患儿治疗前后血清炎性因子变化情况、腹胀缓解时间、自主排气时间、恢复饮食时间、气-液平面消失时间及临床治疗有效率。结果:厚朴排气组腹胀缓解时间、自主排气时间、恢复饮食时间、气-液平面消失时间均短于一般灌肠组(P<0.05);厚朴排气组治疗后血清肠脂肪酸结合蛋白(intestinal fatty acid binding protein,IFABP)、D-二聚体(D-dimer,D-D)、血小板与淋巴细胞比值(plateletlymphocyte ratio,PLR)、降钙素原(procalcitonin,PCT)水平均低于一般灌肠组(P<0.05);厚朴排气组临床治愈率和有效率均高于一般灌肠组(P<0.05)。结论:肠梗阻导管联合厚朴排气合剂灌肠可以有效缩短小儿非绞窄性肠梗阻腹胀、排气和恢复饮食时间,减轻炎性反应,临床疗效确切。

消水圣愈汤治疗老年肺源性心脏病临床观察

目的探讨消水圣愈汤对老年慢性肺源性心脏病(CPHD)患者血栓前状态指标及血清白细胞介素-8(IL-8)和肽素(Copeptin)水平的影响。方法将117例老年CPHD患者随机分为对照组(58例)和试验组(59例)。对照组予常规对症治疗,试验组在对照组的基础上予消水圣愈汤治疗,两组均治疗4周。比较两组临床疗效、血栓前状态指标及血清IL-8、Copeptin水平。结果治疗后,试验组总有效率为94.92%(56/59),高于对照组的79.31%(46/58)(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,试验组治疗后血浆黏度、血浆纤维蛋白原(FIB)水平、血清D-二聚体(D-D)、血管性假血友病因子(vWF)、内皮素(ET-1)水平较低,血清IL-8、Copeptin水平较低(P<0.05)。结论消水圣愈汤能明显改善老年CPHD患者血栓前状态,减轻炎症反应,促进心功能恢复,临床疗效显著。

中药灌肠对急性期溃疡性结肠炎的临床疗效及肠道黏膜修复作用的Meta分析

目的评价中药灌肠治疗急性期或活动期溃疡性结肠炎(UC)的有效性及对黏膜修复作用的疗效。方法检索中英文数据库,包括中国学术期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中文科技期刊数据库(VIP)、万方数据库、临床试验注册登记库、PubMed、Embase等,时间为建库至2023年10月,筛选随机对照试验(RCTs),采用RevMan5.3软件对纳入的研究进行Meta分析。结果共纳入17篇RCTs,Meta分析结果示:总有效率[RR=1.22,95%CI=(1.15,1.28),P<0.01];腹泻积分[SMD=-1.38,95%CI=(-2.00,-0.77),P<0.01];脓血便积分[SMD=-1.09,95%CI=(-1.64,-0.53),P<0.01];Baron评分[SMD=-1.38,95%CI=(-2.05,-0.70),P<0.01];黏膜组织评分[SMD=-2.00,95%CI=(-3.35,-0.66),P<0.01];白细胞介素-6(IL-6)水平[SMD=-3.11,95%CI=(-5.71,-0.50),P=0.02];白细胞介素-10(IL-10)水平[SMD=1.65,95%CI=(1.35,1.95),P<0.01];肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平[SMD=-1.93,95%CI=(-2.48,-1.39),P<0.01]。结论中医药灌肠辅助治疗急性期或活动期UC有助于提高治疗效果,缓解腹泻及脓血便的临床症状,促进肠道黏膜修复,抑制炎性因子的释放。

自拟清化止痛汤联合中药灌肠治疗湿热瘀结型急性盆腔炎的临床效果观察

目的分析湿热瘀结型急性盆腔炎患者临床治疗过程中使用自拟清化止痛汤联合中药灌肠治疗的效果。方法选取60例急性盆腔炎(湿热瘀结型)患者,根据随机数字表法将患者分为两组,每组30例。对照组接受常规西药治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上接受自拟清化止痛汤联合中药灌肠治疗。对比两组治疗效果。结果相比对照组,治疗后治疗组症状缓解时间明显缩短(P<0.05),且主症评分和次症评分明显降低(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论自拟清化止痛汤联合中药灌肠治疗湿热瘀结型急性盆腔炎具有较好的效果和安全性。