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Recent Advances for Global Perspectives on Etiology, Pathophysiology, Clinical Presentations, and Management of Moyamoya Disease
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作者 Maiko Charles Mkwambe Dongchi Zhao Youping Deng 《World Journal of Neuroscience》 CAS 2024年第1期6-23,共18页
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a condition characterized by the gradual narrowing and blockage of blood vessels in the brain, specifically those in the circle of Willis and the arteries that supply it. This results in redu... Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a condition characterized by the gradual narrowing and blockage of blood vessels in the brain, specifically those in the circle of Willis and the arteries that supply it. This results in reduced blood flow and oxygen to the brain, leading to progressive symptoms and potential complications. The underlying pathophysiological mechanism remains elucidated. However, recent studies have highlighted numerous etiologic factors: abnormal immune complex responses, susceptibility genes, branched-chain amino acids, antibodies, heritable diseases, and acquired diseases, which may be the great potential triggers for the development of moyamoya disease. Its clinical presentation has varying degrees from transient asymptomatic events to significant neurological deficits. Moyamoya disease (MMD) shows different patterns in children and adults. Children with MMD are more susceptible to ischemic events due to decreased blood flow to the brain. Conversely, adults with MMD are more prone to hemorrhagic events involving brain bleeding. Children with MMD may experience a range of symptoms including motor impairments, sensory issues, seizures, headaches, dizziness, cognitive delays, or ongoing neurological problems. Although adults may present with similar clinical symptoms as children, they are more prone to experiencing sudden onset intraventricular, subarachnoid, or intracerebral hemorrhages. One of the challenges in moyamoya disease is the potential for misdiagnosis or delayed diagnosis, particularly when physicians fail to consider MMD as a possible cause in stroke patients. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of recent global studies on the pathophysiology of MMD, along with advancements in its management. Additionally, the review will delve into various surgical treatment options for MMD, as well as its rare occurrence alongside atrioventricular malformations. Exciting prospects include the use of autologous bone marrow transplant and the potential role of Connexin 43 protein treatment in the development of moyamoya disease. 展开更多
关键词 Moyamoya disease (MMD) etiology PATHOPHYSIOLOGY Clinical Presentations MANAGEMENT Future Promising Avenues
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Etiology of inflammatory bowel disease:A unified hypothesis 被引量:14
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作者 Xiaofa Qin 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第15期1708-1722,共15页
Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),including both ulcerative colitis(UC) and Crohn's disease(CD),emerged and dramatically increased for about a century.Despite extensive research,its cause remains regarded as unknown... Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD),including both ulcerative colitis(UC) and Crohn's disease(CD),emerged and dramatically increased for about a century.Despite extensive research,its cause remains regarded as unknown.About a decade ago,a series of findings made me suspect that saccharin may be a key causative factor for IBD,through its inhibition on gut bacteria and the resultant impaired inactivation of digestive proteases and over digestion of the mucus layer and gut barrier(the Bacteria-Protease-Mucus-Barrier hypothesis).It explained many puzzles in IBD such as its emergence and temporal changes in last century.Recently I further found evidence suggesting sucralose may be also linked to IBD through a similar mechanism as saccharin and have contributed to the recent worldwide increase of IBD.This new hypothesis suggests that UC and CD are just two symptoms of the same morbidity,rather than two different diseases.They are both caused by a weakening in gut barrier and only differ in that UC is mainly due to increased infiltration of gut bacteria and the resultant recruitment of neutrophils and formation of crypt abscess,while CD is mainly due to increased infiltration of antigens and particles from gut lumen and the resultant recruitment of macrophages and formation of granulomas.It explained the delayed appearance but accelerated increase of CD over UC and many other phenomena.This paper aims to provide a detailed description of a unified hypothesis regardingthe etiology of IBD,including the cause and mechanism of IBD,as well as the relationship between UC and CD. 展开更多
关键词 etiology Inflammatory bowel disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Dietary chemicals SACCHARIN SUCRALOSE
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Circadian rhythm disruption and retinal dysfunction:a bidirectional link in Alzheimer’s disease?
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作者 Laura Carrero DesireéAntequera +1 位作者 Cristina Municio Eva Carro 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第9期1967-1972,共6页
Dysfunction in circadian rhythms is a common occurrence in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.A predominant function of the retina is circadian synchronization,carrying information to the brain through the retinohypot... Dysfunction in circadian rhythms is a common occurrence in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.A predominant function of the retina is circadian synchronization,carrying information to the brain through the retinohypothalamic tract,which projects to the suprachiasmatic nucleus.Notably,Alzheimer’s disease hallmarks,including amyloid-β,are present in the retinas of Alzheimer’s disease patients,followed/associated by structural and functional disturbances.However,the mechanistic link between circadian dysfunction and the pathological changes affecting the retina in Alzheimer’s disease is not fully understood,although some studies point to the possibility that retinal dysfunction could be considered an early pathological process that directly modulates the circadian rhythm. 展开更多
关键词 Alzheimer’s disease AMYLOID circadian rhythm NEURODEGENERATION retina
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Breastfeeding and genetic factors in the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease in children 被引量:5
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作者 Theresa A Mikhailov Sylvia E Furner 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第3期270-279,共10页
Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic,debilitating disorder of the gastrointestinal tract.The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease has not been elucidated,but is thought to be multifactorial with both environmenta... Inflammatory bowel disease is a chronic,debilitating disorder of the gastrointestinal tract.The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease has not been elucidated,but is thought to be multifactorial with both environmental and genetic influences.A large body of research has been conducted to elucidate the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease.This article reviews this literature,emphasizing the studies of breastfeeding and the studies of genetic factors,particularly NOD2 polymorphisms. 展开更多
关键词 Inflammatory bowel disease Crohn'sdisease Ulcerative colitis etiology Risk factors Protective factors NOD2/CARD15 Single nucleotidepolymorphisms
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Microvascular alterations of the ocular surface and retina in connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease
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作者 Li-Ming Chen Min Kang +12 位作者 Jun-Yi Wang San-Hua Xu Cheng Chen Hong Wei Qian Ling Liang-Qi He Jie Zou Yi-Xin Wang Xu Chen Ping Ying Hui Huang Yi Shao Rui Wu 《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》 SCIE CAS 2024年第10期1869-1879,共11页
AIM:To examine the disparities in macular retinal vascular density between individuals with connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease(CTD-ILD)and healthy controls(HCs)by optical coherence tomography ... AIM:To examine the disparities in macular retinal vascular density between individuals with connective tissue disease-related interstitial lung disease(CTD-ILD)and healthy controls(HCs)by optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA)and to investigate the changes in microvascular density in abnormal eyes.METHODS:For a retrospective case-control study,a total of 16 patients(32 eyes)diagnosed with CTD-ILD were selected as the ILD group.The 16 healthy volunteers with 32 eyes,matched in terms of age and sex with the patients,were recruited as control group.The macular retina’s superficial retinal layer(SRL)and deep retinal layer(DRL)were examined and scanned using OCTA in each individual eye.The densities of retinal microvascular(MIR),macrovascular(MAR),and total microvascular(TMI)were calculated and compared.Changes in retinal vascular density in the macular region were analyzed using three different segmentation methods:central annuli segmentation method(C1-C6),hemispheric segmentation method[uperior right(SR),superior left(SL),inferior left(IL),and inferior right(IR)],and Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study(ETDRS)methods[superior(S),inferior(I),left(L),and right(R)].The data were analyzed using Version 9.0 of GraphPad prism and Pearson analysis.RESULTS:The OCTA data demonstrated a statistically significant difference(P<0.05)in macular retinal microvessel density between the two groups.Specifically,in the SRL and DRL analyses,the ILD group exhibited significantly lower surface density of MIR and TMI compared to the HCs group(P<0.05).Furthermore,using the hemispheric segmentation method,the ILD group showed notable reductions in SL,SR,and IL in the superficial retina(P<0.05),as well as marked decreases in SL and IR in the deep retina(P<0.05).Similarly,when employing the ETDRS method,the ILD group displayed substantial drops in superficial retinal S and I(P<0.05),along with notable reductions in deep retinal L,I,and R(P<0.05).In the central annuli segmentation method,the ILD group exhibited a significant decrease in the superficial retinal C2-4 region(P<0.05),whereas the deep retina showed a notable reduction in the C3-5 region(P<0.05).Additionally,there was an observed higher positive likelihood ratio in the superficial SR region and deep MIR.Furthermore,there was a negative correlation between conjunctival vascular density and both deep and superficial retinal TMI(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Patients with CTD-ILD exhibits a significantly higher conjunctival vascular density compared to the HCs group.Conversely,their fundus retinal microvascular density is significantly lower.Furthermore,CTD-ILD patients display notably lower superficial and deep retinal vascular density in comparison to the HCs group.The inverse correlation between conjunctival vascular density and both superficial and deep retinal TMI suggests that detecting subtle changes in ocular microcirculation could potentially serve as an early diagnostic indicator for connective tissue diseases,thereby enhancing disease management. 展开更多
关键词 connective tissue disease‑related interstitial lung disease optical coherence tomography angiography microvessel density ocular surface retina
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Changes in the etiology of liver cirrhosis and the corresponding management strategies
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作者 Jin-Jin Dai Yue-Ying Liu Zhen-Hua Zhang 《World Journal of Hepatology》 2024年第2期146-151,共6页
We read with interest the article by Xing Wang,which was published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Hepatology 2023;15:1294-1306.This article focuses particularly on the prevalence and trends in the etiolog... We read with interest the article by Xing Wang,which was published in the recent issue of the World Journal of Hepatology 2023;15:1294-1306.This article focuses particularly on the prevalence and trends in the etiology of liver cirrhosis(LC),prognosis for patients suffering from cirrhosis-related complications and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),and management strategies.The etiology of cirrhosis varies according to geographical,economic,and population factors.Viral hepatitis is the dominant cause in China.Vaccination and effective treatment have reduced the number of people with viral hepatitis,but the overall number is still large.Patients with viral hepatitis who progress over time to LC and HCC remain an important population to manage.The increased incidence of metabolic syndrome and alcohol consumption is likely to lead to a potential exponential increase in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD)-associated LC and alcoholic liver disease in the future.Investigating the evolution of the etiology of LC is important for guiding the direction of future research and policy development.These changing trends indicate a need for greater emphasis on tackling obesity and diabetes,and implementing more effective measures to regulate alcohol consumption in order to reduce the occurrence of MASLD.In an effort to help cope with these changing trends,the authors further proposed countermeasures for healthcare authorities doctors,and patients. 展开更多
关键词 Liver cirrhosis etiology Viral hepatitis Alcoholic liver disease Hepatocellular carcinoma Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease
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Etiology and Treatment Advances of Hematochezia in Infants Aged ≤3 Months
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作者 Jinxue Pan Xiaofang Zhu 《Journal of Biosciences and Medicines》 2024年第11期273-285,共13页
The incidence of hematochezia in infants aged three months or younger has shown an upward trend in recent years. This condition is characterized by visible bloody stools, which may appear bright red, dark red, jam-lik... The incidence of hematochezia in infants aged three months or younger has shown an upward trend in recent years. This condition is characterized by visible bloody stools, which may appear bright red, dark red, jam-like, or mucus-purulent bloody stools, and is often accompanied by positive fecal occult blood tests, with or without additional systemic clinical symptoms. The etiology is multifactorial, potentially influenced by the maternal health status during pregnancy, neonatal diseases or treatments received in the NICU, and the methods used for establishing enteral and parenteral nutrition. Notably, allergic factors have gained prominence in recent years. This paper reviews recent studies to elucidate the incidence, primary causes, and current treatment approaches for early infant hematochezia, providing a reference for clinical practice. 展开更多
关键词 NEONATE Infant Blood in Stool etiology Diagnosis and Treatment Surgical disease
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The inherent high vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons toward mitochondrial toxins may contribute to the etiology of Parkinson's disease 被引量:2
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作者 Kandatege Wimalasena 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2016年第2期246-247,共2页
Although the exact mechanism(s)of the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease(PD)is not well understood,mitochondrial dysfunction is proposed to play a central role.This proposal is strongly s... Although the exact mechanism(s)of the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson’s disease(PD)is not well understood,mitochondrial dysfunction is proposed to play a central role.This proposal is strongly strengthened by the findings that compromised mitochondrial functions and/or exposure to mitochondrial toxins such as rotenone,paraquat,or MPTP causes degeneration of the midbrain dopaminergic. 展开更多
关键词 MPP The inherent high vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons toward mitochondrial toxins may contribute to the etiology of Parkinson’s disease MPTP HIGH
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The many faces of Crohn’s Disease: Latest concepts in etiology
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作者 Jordana Campbell Thomas J. Borody Sharyn Leis 《Open Journal of Internal Medicine》 2012年第2期107-115,共9页
The notion that Crohn’s Disease (CD) occurs as a result of an aberrant reaction to the commensal microbiota in genetically susceptible hosts is widely regarded by physicians and scientists as fact. Yet although it is... The notion that Crohn’s Disease (CD) occurs as a result of an aberrant reaction to the commensal microbiota in genetically susceptible hosts is widely regarded by physicians and scientists as fact. Yet although it is undisputed that Crohn’s Disease is immune-mediated, an aberrant reaction to one’s own native flora is far from proven. The aim of the current review is to present a summary of the known infectious causes of Crohn’s Disease, whilst highlighting the limitations of using outdated methods to attempt to classify the disease as a single entity. We propose a re-classification of Crohn’s Disease, and suggest that the disease is best conceptualized as a syndrome, an “umbrella-like” term comprising a group of diseases with varying infective etiologies, which clinically, endoscopically and histologically are indistinguishable from CD. 展开更多
关键词 Crohn’s disease etiologIES Infection Classification Syndrome MYCOBACTERIUM AVIUM ss PARATUBERCULOSIS
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The application of the “Treatment in Accordance with Three Categories of Etiologic Factors” theory in the prevention and treatment of epidemic diseases in traditional Chinese medicine since the Ming and Qing Dynasties
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作者 Bo-Yang Zhang 《Medical Theory and Hypothesis》 2022年第4期20-26,共7页
“Treatment in accordance with three categories of etiologic factors”(consideration of the climatic and seasonal conditions,environment and individual’s constitution in the treatment of diseases),that is,treatment f... “Treatment in accordance with three categories of etiologic factors”(consideration of the climatic and seasonal conditions,environment and individual’s constitution in the treatment of diseases),that is,treatment following time,place and individual,is one of the basic principles followed by Chinese medicine in the clinical treatment of diseases.This paper analyzes the similarities and differences in traditional Chinese medicine treatment of patients with epidemic diseases in different regions and periods since the Ming(1368-1644 C.E.)and Qing(1636-1912 C.E.)Dynasties.In addition,the theory of epidemic disease prevention and control based on the application of“treatment in accordance with three categories of etiologic factors”was discussed to inspire and guide the prevention and treatment of COVID-19. 展开更多
关键词 traditional Chinese medicine treatment in accordance with three categories of etiologic factors epidemic diseases COVID-19
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Development trends of etiological research contents and methods of noncommunicable diseases
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作者 Dafang Chen Yujia Ma +1 位作者 Han Xiao Zeyu Yan 《Health Care Science》 2023年第5期352-357,共6页
1|BACKGROUND Noncommunicable diseases(NCDs)are a significant public concern,greatly impacting the economic and social development in China.In 2019,NCDs accounted for a staggering 88.5%of total deaths in China,with car... 1|BACKGROUND Noncommunicable diseases(NCDs)are a significant public concern,greatly impacting the economic and social development in China.In 2019,NCDs accounted for a staggering 88.5%of total deaths in China,with cardiovas-cular diseases,cancer,chronic respiratory diseases,and diabetes—the four major chronic diseases—contributing to a premature mortality rate of 16.5%[1].The complexity of NCDs arises from the involvement of multiple genetic and environmental factors that interact in intricate ways.The complexity is characterized by a multitude of interactions among genes,proteins,and metabolic path-ways throughout the various stages of life. 展开更多
关键词 noncommunicable diseases MULTIMORBIDITY etiology systems perspective NETWORK life course
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Advances in nutritional therapy in inflammatory boweldiseases:Review 被引量:22
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作者 Andrzej Wędrychowicz Andrzej Zając Przemysław Tomasik 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2016年第3期1045-1066,共22页
Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are chronic, life-long, and relapsing diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Currently, there are no complete cure possibilities,... Inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are chronic, life-long, and relapsing diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. Currently, there are no complete cure possibilities, but combined pharmacological and nutritional therapy may induce remission of the disease. Malnutrition and specific nutritional deficiencies are frequent among IBD patients, so the majority of them need nutritional treatment, which not only improves the state of nutrition of the patients but has strong anti-inflammatory activity as well. Moreover, some nutrients, from early stages of life are suspected as triggering factors in the etiopathogenesis of IBD. Both parenteral and enteral nutrition is used in IBD therapy, but their practical utility in different populations and in different countries is not clearly established, and there are sometimes conflicting theories concerning the role of nutrition in IBD. This review presents the actual data from research studies on the influence of nutrition on the etiopathogenesis of IBD and the latest findings regarding its mechanisms of action. The use of both parenteral and enteral nutrition as therapeutic methods in induction and maintenance therapy in IBD treatment is also extensively discussed. Comparison of the latest research data, scientific theories concerning the role of nutrition in IBD, and different opinions about them are also presented and discussed. Additionally, some potential future perspectives for nutritional therapy are highlighted. 展开更多
关键词 Dietary factors etiology Nutritionaltherapy PARENTERAL NUTRITION EXCLUSIVE ENTERAL NUTRITION Induction THERAPY Maintenance THERAPY Inflammatorybowel disease
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Inflammatory bowel disease:definition,epidemiology,etiologic aspects,andimmunogenetic studies 被引量:31
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作者 XIA Bing JBA Crusius +1 位作者 SGM Meuwissen AS Pe a 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1998年第5期83-95,共13页
关键词 inflammatory bowel disease/epidemiology inflammatory bowel disease/etiology inflammatory bowel disease/genetics inflammatory bowel disease/immunology
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Transfusion transmitted virus infection in general populations and patients with various liver diseases in south China 被引量:7
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作者 Chen YP Liang WF +2 位作者 Zhang L He HT Luo KX 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2000年第5期738-741,共4页
INTRODUCTIONAlthough several specific detecting methods hadbeen applied to determine the hepatitis virus,therewas a lot of cryptogenic hepatitis without anyknown hepatitis infectious marker.Theprevalence of hepatitis ... INTRODUCTIONAlthough several specific detecting methods hadbeen applied to determine the hepatitis virus,therewas a lot of cryptogenic hepatitis without anyknown hepatitis infectious marker.Theprevalence of hepatitis G virus (HGV) (also knownas GB-C virus) infection has been reported to be 5%-13% in patients with non-A-E hepatitis andcirrhosis,however,there is little evidencesuggesting that HGV causes hepatitis in human. 展开更多
关键词 TRANSFUSION-TRANSMITTED VIRUS liver disease/etiology DNA VIRUS POLYMERASE chain reaction SERODIAGNOSIS hepatitis viruses
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Etiology and portal vein thrombosis in Budd-Chiari syndrome 被引量:14
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作者 Oguz Uskudar Meral Akdogan +3 位作者 Nurgul Sasmaz Sevinc Yilmaz Muharrem Tola Burhan Sahin 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2008年第18期2858-2862,共5页
AIM: To research the etiology, portal vein thrombosis and other features of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) patients prospectively. METHODS: A total of 75 patients (40 female, 35 male) who were diagnosed between January 20... AIM: To research the etiology, portal vein thrombosis and other features of Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) patients prospectively. METHODS: A total of 75 patients (40 female, 35 male) who were diagnosed between January 2002 and July 2004 as having BCS were studied prospectively. Findings from on physical examination, ultrasonography, duplex ultrasonography and venography were analyzed. Hemogram and blood chemistry were studied at the time of diagnosis and on each hospital visit. Bone marrow examination and immune phenotyping were performed by a hematologist when necessary. Protein C, S, antithrombin Ⅲ, activated protein C resistance, and anticardiolipin antibodies, antinuclear antibodies, and anti ds-DNA were studied twice. The presence of ascite, esophageal varices, and portal thrombosis were evaluated at admission and on every visit. RESULTS: At least one etiological factor was determined in 54 (72%) of the patients. The etiology could not be defined in 21 (28%) patients. One etiological factor was found in 39, 2 factors in 14 and 3 factors in 1 patient. The most common cause was the web (16%), the second was Hydatid disease (11%), the third was Behcet’s disease (9%). Portal vein thrombosis was present in 11 patients and at least one etiology was identified in 9 of them (82%). CONCLUSION: Behcet’s disease and hydatid disease are more prominent etiological factors in Turkey than in other countries. Patients with web have an excellent response to treatment without signs of portal veinthrombosis while patients having thrombofilic factors more than one are prone to develop portal vein thrombosis with worse clinical outcome. 展开更多
关键词 Budd-Chiari syndrome etiology WEB Behcet's disease Portal thrombosis
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Etiology,diagnosis, management and outcomes of epiphora referrals to an oculoplastic practice 被引量:2
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作者 Guang-Lin Shen John D.Ng Xiao-Ping Ma 《International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)》 SCIE CAS 2016年第12期1751-1755,共5页
AIM: To investigate the etiology, diagnosis, management and outcome of epiphora referrals to an oculoplastic practice.METHODS: Retrospective chart review of patients referred for epiphora to an oculoplastic clinic b... AIM: To investigate the etiology, diagnosis, management and outcome of epiphora referrals to an oculoplastic practice.METHODS: Retrospective chart review of patients referred for epiphora to an oculoplastic clinic between 2005 and 2009. Patient demographics, past history, ophthalmic examination, treatment and outcome were analyzed.RESULTS: There were 237 subjects with a primary complaint of epiphora. They included 130 (55%) females and 107 (45%) males with an average age of 55.9±25.9y. The most common cause of epiphora was lacrimal obstruction (46%); followed by multifactorial epiphora (22%), reflex tearing (22%) and eyelid malposition (11%). Differences in prevalence of etiology were noted in terms of age and gender distribution. Of the 182 (77%) patients who returned for follow up, 41 (23%) reported a complete resolution and 102 (56%) reported a significant improvement in their symptoms.CONCLUSION: Epiphora is a common condition with many causes. A thorough history and examination are required to provide the appropriate treatment tailored to the underlying cause. 展开更多
关键词 EPIPHORA etiology lacrimal disease dry eye
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Cytokine interplay among the diseased retina, inflammatory cells and mesenchymal stem cells-a clue to stem cell-based therapy 被引量:3
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作者 Vladimir Holan Barbora Hermankova +1 位作者 Magdalena Krulova Alena Zajicova 《World Journal of Stem Cells》 SCIE 2019年第11期957-967,共11页
Retinal degenerative disorders,such as diabetic retinopathy,retinitis pigmentosa,age-related macular degeneration or glaucoma,represent the most common causes of loss of vision and blindness.In spite of intensive rese... Retinal degenerative disorders,such as diabetic retinopathy,retinitis pigmentosa,age-related macular degeneration or glaucoma,represent the most common causes of loss of vision and blindness.In spite of intensive research,treatment options to prevent,stop or cure these diseases are limited.Newer therapeutic approaches are offered by stem cell-based therapy.To date,various types of stem cells have been evaluated in a range of models.Among them,mesenchymal stem/stromal cells(MSCs)derived from bone marrow or adipose tissue and used as autologous cells have been proposed to have the potential to attenuate the negative manifestations of retinal diseases.MSCs delivered to the vicinity of the diseased retina can exert local anti-inflammatory and repairpromoting/regenerative effects on retinal cells.However,MSCs also produce numerous factors that could have negative impacts on retinal regeneration.The secretory activity of MSCs is strongly influenced by the cytokine environment.Therefore,the interactions among the molecules produced by the diseased retina,cytokines secreted by inflammatory cells and factors produced by MSCs will decide the development and propagation of retinal diseases.Here we discuss the interactions among cytokines and other factors in the environment of the diseased retina treated by MSCs,and we present results supporting immunoregulatory and trophic roles of molecules secreted in the vicinity of the retina during MSC-based therapy. 展开更多
关键词 retina DEGENERATIVE diseases STEM cell therapy MESENCHYMAL STEM cells Cytokines Growth factors
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ERCP and CT diagnosis of pancreas divisum and its relation to etiology of chronic pancreatitis 被引量:2
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《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 1998年第2期58-60,共3页
AIM To inquire into the ERCP and CT features of pancreas divisum (PD) and its role in the etiology of chronic pancreatitis. METHODS Fourteen patients with PD were analyzed in regard to the findings in ERCP and CT, ... AIM To inquire into the ERCP and CT features of pancreas divisum (PD) and its role in the etiology of chronic pancreatitis. METHODS Fourteen patients with PD were analyzed in regard to the findings in ERCP and CT, the activities of serum amylase and the incidence of pancreatitis. Dorsal ductography via minor papilla cannulation was performed in six of them. RESULTS The length of dorsal and ventral pancreatic duct was 16 56cm±2 52cm and 5 55cm±1 46cm. Most of the patients had dilatation of dorsal (10/14) and ventral (8/14) duct and the stenosis of dorsal duct terminal (10/14). Delayed clearance of contrast in dorsal duct was found in 8 patients. The size and contour of the pancreas were normal in all the patients at conventional CT. Pancreatitis was identified in 13 patients. CONCLUSION Dorsal ductography was necessary in the diagnosis of PD. Conventional CT play little role in the diagnosis of PD. Patients with PD run a higher risk of pancreatitis due to the stenosis of the minor papilla. 展开更多
关键词 pancreatitis/etiology PANCREAS divisum/radiography cholangiopancreatography endoscopic retrograde pancreatitis/diagnosis CHRONIC diseases amylases/blood pancreatic ducts/radiography
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The role of miRNA in retinal ganglion cell health and disease 被引量:2
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作者 Ben Mead Stanislav Tomarev 《Neural Regeneration Research》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2022年第3期516-522,共7页
miRNA are short non-coding RNA responsible for the knockdown of proteins through their targeting and silencing of complimentary m RNA sequences.The mi RNA landscape of a cell thus affects the levels of its proteins an... miRNA are short non-coding RNA responsible for the knockdown of proteins through their targeting and silencing of complimentary m RNA sequences.The mi RNA landscape of a cell thus affects the levels of its proteins and has significant consequences to its health.Deviations in this mi RNA landscape have been implicated in a variety of neurodegenerative diseases and have also garnered interest as targets for treatment.Retinal ganglion cells are the sole projection neuron of the retina with their axons making up the optic nerve.They are a focus of study not only for their importance in vision and the myriad of blinding diseases characterized by their dysfunction and loss,but also as a model of other central nervous system diseases such as spinal cord injury and traumatic brain injury.This review summarizes current knowledge on the role of mi RNA in retinal ganglion cell function,highlighting how perturbations can result in disease,and how modulating their abundance may provide a novel avenue of therapeutic research. 展开更多
关键词 EXOSOME extracellular vesicle GLAUCOMA MIRNA neurodegenerative disease optic neuropathy retina retinal ganglion cell
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Psychosocial factors affecting the etiology and management of type 1 diabetes mellitus:A narrative review 被引量:1
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作者 Anja Turin Maja DrobničRadobuljac 《World Journal of Diabetes》 SCIE 2021年第9期1518-1529,共12页
Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and adolescents worldwide.Its etiopathogenesis results from the interplay of genetic and environmental variables.Among the latter,psychologica... Type 1 diabetes(T1D)is one of the most common chronic diseases in children and adolescents worldwide.Its etiopathogenesis results from the interplay of genetic and environmental variables.Among the latter,psychological stress has been implicated in disease onset as well as disease management.Various studies,including large population-based studies,have highlighted the role of stressful life events in the etiopathogenesis of T1D.In this article,we also emphasize the importance of attachment in the early child-caregiver relationship,which can be seen as a measure of the quality of the relationship and is crucial for stress and emotional regulation.It serves as a model for all subsequent relationships in one’s life.We summarize some of the few studies performed in the field of attachment and T1D etiopathogenesis or management.T1D management demands a lifelong therapeutic regimen to prevent acute and chronic complications.In addition to psychological stress,psychological factors such as family functioning,developmental adjustment,autonomy,mental health problems and other factors have been found to relate to metabolic control.Psychological factors need to be understood not as a single directional causality-based principle but as a dynamic bi-or multidirectional system that is affected by the normal developmental transitions of childhood and adolescence. 展开更多
关键词 Type 1 diabetes Psychosocial factors Stressful life events etiology disease management ATTACHMENT
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