The Methods of Constructing the Legal Support System for the Returning-home Migrant Workers' Entrepreneurship——Based on the Perspective of Economic Law

Based on the overview of concept of returning-home migrant workers' entrepreneurship,the thesis has introduced the features of migrant workers' entrepreneurship,as against other types of entrepreneurship,as follows. Starting from a low base and multi-level perspective;conducting entrepreneurship in manifold industries,mainly in those labor-intensive enterprises;conspicuous mutual interaction and reversibility are embodied in the group characteristics;the strong driving force of returning-home migrant workers' entrepreneurship comes from their affection for hometown. The process of returning-home migrant workers' entrepreneurship can be divided into three stages,namely returning rush,investing rush,and entrepreneurship rush,on which we give the analysis respectively in terms of the continuous change of social mobility,transformation on the part of the main body of entrepreneurship,and the expansion of industry field concerning entrepreneurship. More over,we have discussed the methods of constructing the legal support system for the returning-home migrant workers' entrepreneurship. Firstly,it needs institutionalization,which is the basis of constructing the legal support system for the returning-home migrant workers' entrepreneurship;secondly,it needs definite guiding ideology as the premise of constructing the legal support system for the returning-home migrant workers' entrepreneurship;thirdly,it needs the precise orientation of target group as the key of constructing the legal support system for the returning-home migrant workers' entrepreneurship;finally,appropriate support methods are the pivot of constructing the legal support system for the returning-home migrant workers' entrepreneurship.

Typical Survey and Research on Returning-home Migrant Workers' Entrepreneurship in Jiangxi Province under Post-financial Crisis

In order to study the entrepreneurship situation of Jiangxi return migrant workers after the financial crisis,we have conducted a survey on 107 entrepreneurial return migrant workers in 6 counties of Jiangxi Province.The results show that the return of migrant workers is mainly attributed to personal factors,while social factors are also very important.The major difficulties facing return migrant workers are the funding difficulties,complicated formalities to start a business,difficulty in safeguarding their rights and interests,their own low quality and so on.The support needed by the return migrant workers from the government is manifested in five aspects,say,to improve the service and management for the entrepreneurship of migrant workers,to provide financing policy support,to increase the preferential fiscal and taxation policies,to enhance the entrepreneurship training and to provide preference for the return migrant workers to use land.

The Difficulties and Countermeasures of Migrant Workers Returning Home to Start Business of Shaanxi

The paper discloses the current situation of migrant workers returning home to start business by making a survey of the total number of returning migrant workers. The paper also points out the main difficulties the migrant workers who returning home to start business facing. The first is the old fashioned and backward concepts of development in some local departments; the second is lacking of powerful supports of policies; the third is the still bad environment to start business; the fourth is the lower qualities of people who are going to start business. Based on these situations, the official policies are put forward to encourage and support migrant workers to return home to start business. Such as strategies activating migrant workers to return home to start business should be positively operated; the management services should be further standardized and the environment should be perfected for starting business; the programs and items to start business by migrant workers returning home should be guided and favored; beneficial tax policies should be improved further; financial services should be further perfected; the land using problems of migrant workers should be firstly solved; the demonstration project of migrant workers returning back to start business should be continuously carried on; the organizing and leading jobs for starting business of migrant workers should be further strengthened.

Influence of Migrant Workers Returning to Hometown on the Changes of Village Social Structure

Based on field survey data of Village Z in Henan Province and from the perspective of the end of villages,we studied the influence of migrant workers returning to hometown on the changes of village social structure from village social interaction and village right reconstruction.Survey results show that social interaction centers of migrant workers returning to hometown for starting an undertaking move outside,which has exceeded the range of rural society of acquaintances and promoted the breaking of the traditional social relationship network " Differential Model of Association".In addition,migrant workers returning to hometown actively participate in building village rights and show more passionate political enthusiasm and practice of modern democratic concept.Furthermore,it not only speeds up disintegration of China's small peasant economy and division of traditional farmers,but also is an important opportunity for realizing farmers' self-ending and village ending,as well as urban and rural integration.

Analysis on the Rural Cooperative Organization Established by Returning Migrant Workers——A Case of the Cooperative Organization of Han's Cattle and Lamb Fattening in Gonghe County,Qinghai Province

Taking the Han's Cattle and Lamb Fattening Cooperative Organization in Gonghe County of Qinghai Province as an example,the geographic situation,establishment process and operation situation of the cooperative organization are expounded.And then the social effect of returning migrant workers who start their own business is analyzed.In the first place,starting their own business has promoted the rapid development of economy at county level;in the second place,it has promoted the adjustment of agricultural structure;in the third place,it is conducive to reallocating resources.The problems in the development of Han's Cattle and Lamb Fattening Cooperative Organization are analyzed from four aspects covering weakening of village' cadres,multiple ethnic groups,difficulties in expanding scale cooperation and inadequate funds.Three countermeasures which are conducive to creating favorable external environment for migrant workers to start their own businesses,takes the ethnic factors into consideration and implements scale operation,so as to solve the new problems in the process of developing rural farmers' cooperative organization and provide the evidence for formulating relevant policies.

Willingness of returning migrant workers to purchase houses: A case study of 45 villages in Henan Province, China

The willingness of returning migrant workers to purchase houses has an important impact on local urbanization.At present,there are few researches on the willingness of returning migrant workers to purchase houses.The existing researches mostly focus on the perspective of sociology and economics,and few studies are conducted from the perspective of geography.Based on the survey data of 45 villages in Henan Province of China in 2019,this study used binary logistic method to study the influencing factors of the willingness of returning migrant workers to purchase houses.The willingness of returning migrant workers to purchase houses is affected by many factors,such as personal,family,village,and returning factors.Among them,age and returning period are negatively correlated with the willingness of returning migrant workers to purchase houses.Factors such as years of education,years of working,and per capita income of village are positively correlated with the willingness of returning migrant workers to purchase houses.Returning migrant workers in plains and hilly areas are more willing to purchase houses than those in mountainous areas.The formation of the willingness to purchase houses is mainly related to economic foundation,age,marital status,and other factors.Returning migrant workers are becoming more willing to purchase houses,and the expected locations are mainly concentrated in the county seats.In the context of China’s high density of rural population and rapid urbanization,more returning migrant workers are expected to purchase houses in cities and towns for the sake of employment,marriage,children’s education,and access to public services.As a result,there is an extensive market of potential purchasers,which affects the development of the local urban real estate industry and is of great significance for returning migrant workers to truly integrate into the cities.However,some returning migrant workers still choose to purchase houses in villages,mainly affected by traditional concepts,living habits,and the better development of villages.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to explore the willingness of returning migrant workers to purchase houses,so as to master the flow laws and future behavior of returning migrant workers to purchase houses.

Analysis on Characteristics and Functions of the Peasant Workers' Returning Home for Venturing in Shaanxi Province

Features and effects of returned migrant workers' entrepreneurship in Shaanxi Province are analyzed.Returned migrant workers' entrepreneurship in Shaanxi Province depends on traditional agriculture to develop the quantitative business of planting and breeding,local resources to develop the processing of building materials and agricultural products,small towns to develop service industry such as catering and tourism and the capital accumulated when working in the outside to achieve the transformation from an ordinary worker to an entrepreneur.Returned migrant workers' entrepreneurship in Shaanxi Province promotes the employment and expends ways of transferring rural labor force and increasing incomes.Advantageous recourses are attracted to the rural and underdeveloped areas,which is beneficial to narrowing the gap between the urban and rural areas.It can also promote the transformation of agricultural developmental methods and speed the pace of building modern agriculture.And a group of talents with higher qualities are provided for new rural construction through the modeling and leading role.Entrepreneurship and urbanization are combined together to advance the process of rural urbanization.

Spatial Analysis of the Return location of Migrant Workers--Case Study on 12 Villages in Henan Province,China

In the process of rapid industrialization and urbanization,the phenomenon of migrant workers’return accompanied its flow is attracting more and more attention of scholars.Based on the sampling data of 529 migrant workers’return questionnaires,statistical analysis and binary logistic model were used to analyze the return location choice and influencing factors of migrant workers.The study found that the village,the local township and the local county seat are the main choices for the inter-provincial migrant workers of return location.The local township and the local county seat are also the preferred locations for migrant workers to return to business,while in the city and other city are less migrant workers.The main mechanism for the choice of migrant workers of return location is the balance between the family and the economic benefits.The main factors affecting the choice of rural migrant workers’return location are the age of migrant workers,the number of primary and secondary school students,the number of migrant workers,and the per capita cultivated area.The mobility and return of migrant workers are actually the location choices and changes of migrant workers in geospatial space,which depends on the sticky size of different locations.

Establishment of Evaluation Index System of Migrant Workers' Entrepreneurial Competence

Taking evaluation of migrant workers' entrepreneurial competence as the research content,this paper first defines the migrant workers' entrepreneurial characteristics and the connotation of migrant workers' entrepreneurial competence;on the basis of this,from entrepreneurial thinking competence,behaviour competence,and language competence of migrant workers,this paper establishes evaluation index system of migrant workers' entrepreneurial competence.We use Analytic Hierarchy Process,establish hierarchical structure,and construct multiple comparison matrix,to get the weight of relative importance.The method of applying this index system to evaluation of returning-home migrant workers' entrepreneurial competence is offered.

返乡农民工乡村旅游创业动机对创业幸福感的影响机制——基于链式中介效应的实证研究

返乡农民工旅游创业为乡村创造了大量就业岗位,使得乡村活力不断增强,为经济和社会发展带来了贡献和价值.该研究通过对321位返乡旅游创业农民工进行的调查问卷,运用多元回归分析和Bootstrap中介检验方法,对返乡农民工乡村旅游创业动机如何影响创业幸福感的影响机制进行了实证研究.结果显示:返乡农民工乡村旅游创业幸福感和创业自我效能感均处于中等偏上的水平;创业动机能够显著提升创业幸福感;创业环境和创业自我效能感是创业动机提升创业幸福感的中介变量,二者存在链式中介效应;返乡农民工的乡村旅游生存性创业动机对创业幸福感是完全中介效应,社会性创业动机对创业幸福感是部分中介效应,社会性创业动机比生存性创业动机的返乡农民工创业幸福感更高.

普惠保险、农民工返乡创业与地区差距

本文首先尝试构建一个同时包含普惠保险、农民工返乡创业和地区差距的柯布-道格拉斯生产函数模型,系统诠释普惠保险通过农民工返乡创业缩小地区差距的作用机理;其次基于CHFS数据结合中介效应模型,实证考察了普惠保险对地区差距的作用效果及作用机制。研究发现:普惠保险的渗透性和可得性提高农民工风险偏好,激发农民工返乡创业意愿和多渠道促进就业,产生就业效应;普惠保险的使用性提供更具针对性的细化业务,激发农民工返乡创业意愿和扩展增收渠道,产生增收效应;农民工返乡创业是普惠保险缩小地区差距的中介机制;普惠保险对地区差距的影响,会因农民工受教育水平和普惠保险总体发展水平不同而存在差异。对普惠保险的多维增收效应研究发现,普惠保险对提高欠发达地区的返乡农民工家庭收入水平和生活水平均有重要影响。

返乡创业质量与农民共同富裕

本文在高质量发展和共同富裕目标背景下,基于2019年和2022年返乡创业企业调查数据,实证检验了返乡创业质量对农民收入的影响及作用机制,进而回答返乡创业高质量发展对实现农民共同富裕的影响。研究发现,返乡创业质量显著提高了农民收入,返乡创业质量每提高1个标准差,农民收入增加1.111%。调节效应表明,营商环境强化了返乡创业质量对农民增收的影响,且这一效应在第三产业和中部、西部地区更强。进一步研究发现,返乡创业质量显著促进了低收入群体增收,并提高其进入中高收入群体的概率,缩小了农民内部收入差距和城乡收入差距。本文结论为全面认识返乡创业行为的影响效应提供新证据,对促进企业高质量发展和实现农民共同富裕具有政策启示。

互联网使用影响农民工返乡创业的机制与实证研究

基于中国家庭追踪调查(CFPS)数据,采用有序Probit模型和工具变量法实证分析互联网使用对农民工返乡创业的影响效应。结果显示,互联网使用能促进农民工返乡创业。异质性分析发现:互联网使用对受教育程度低的农民工作用更明显;相比于新生代农民工,互联网使用对老一代农民工的影响更为显著;相较于女性农民工,互联网使用对男性农民工返乡创业的积极影响更大。进一步影响机制分析表明,互联网使用主要通过增加人力资本积累促进农民工返乡创业。因此,应持续完善农村互联网基础设施,着力营造公平的创业环境,让农民工更好依托互联网提高自身创业能力,助力农民工返乡创业成功,助推乡村振兴。

家庭资本对返乡创业农民工进城定居意愿的影响研究

促进返乡创业农民工进城定居对提高新型城镇化水平具有重要作用。本研究基于西部地区脱贫县388名返乡创业农民工的调查数据,采用熵值法赋权家庭资本各维度指标测算综合得分,实证研究返乡创业农民工家庭资本对其进城定居意愿的影响。分析发现丰裕的家庭资本显著正向影响返乡创业农民工的进城定居意愿。进一步研究发现,家庭资本丰裕的返乡农民工通过提高创业收入进而增强他们的进城定居意愿。此外,创业经历缩小了不同家庭资本存量的返乡创业农民工之间的进城定居意愿差异,即创业经历在家庭资本和返乡创业农民工的进城定居意愿之间存在负向调节作用。据此,本研究分别从提升返乡创业农民工家庭人力资本、社会资本、经济资本以及优化创业环境等四方面提出可操作性的建议,促进返乡农民工创业绩效提升,助力其实现进城定居意愿。

返乡农民工创业失败经历对其创业绩效的影响

探究返乡农民工以往的创业失败经历对当前创业绩效的影响,对促进农户增收,实现乡村振兴具有重要意义。返乡创业失败的农民工再次创业的表现不仅关系到其个人的切身利益,更直接影响当地的创业氛围和乡村振兴战略的顺利推进。基于田野调查获得的数据,运用二元Logistic模型和中介效应模型方法定量分析创业失败经历对西部地区脱贫县返乡农民工再创业绩效的影响,并探讨其作用机制。结果表明:有先前创业失败经历的样本对象占41.62%,创业失败经历明显负向影响其当前的创业绩效;从作用机制来看,风险应对能力在创业失败经历对再创业绩效的影响过程中发挥着中介作用,创业失败经历抑制了再次创业的返乡农民工的风险应对能力,进而引致他们的创业绩效降低。此外,创业失败经历对生存型创业以及非农创业绩效的抑制更为明显。据此,建议构建多元化的创业学习培训体系,充分发挥榜样的帮扶引领作用,为再创业者提供多元化的信息支持,以阻断先前失败创业经历对返乡农民工再创业的消极影响,增强他们的风险应对能力,促进他们再创业绩效的提高。

回流能够提升农民工就业质量吗——来自中国流动人口动态监测调查的证据

提高就业质量是助力农民工实现“市民梦、安居梦、乐业梦”的现实基础。基于中国流动人口动态监测调查数据,论证回流对农民工就业质量的影响。研究发现:回流显著提高农民工就业质量,主要表现为提升农民工薪酬福利与职业层级;回流通过积累社会资本与加深社会融入,提高农民工就业质量;回流对老一代、男性、低技能和西部地区农民工就业质量的影响较为显著。

返乡农民工群体在广东区域协调发展中的积极作用——基于内在机理与政策取向视角

在地理区位、经济基础和产业政策等不同条件的影响下,广东区域差距愈发明显。与此同时,粤东西北地区一定规模的农民工群体因珠三角地区就业受阻而选择暂时返乡。研究发现,返乡农民工群体具有生产者、消费者和传播者三重身份,将会为粤东西北地区带来物质资本、人力资本、社会资本和情感资本四项稀缺性资源,其对于粤东西北地区高质量发展以及全省区域协调发展均是不可或缺的。在返乡创业就业中,该群体能够激活四项资本的巨大潜能,有助于粤东西北地区实施乡村振兴战略,推进新型城镇化。要从政府、市场、返乡农民工群体和中介组织四个维度共同发力,发挥返乡农民工群体在乡村振兴和新型城镇化建设中的积极作用,助推广东区域协调发展。

返乡超龄农民工嵌入乡村振兴的行动逻辑、现实困境与路径选择

在城乡推拉机制和乡土情结的双重作用下,超龄农民工呈现返乡趋势。返乡超龄农民工是实现乡村全面振兴的主要社会群体,与乡村振兴战略的发展目标有诸多契合之处。基于皖北L县D村的调查,从资本、政治、文化、关系和生态五个维度对超龄农民工嵌入乡村振兴的实际情况进行分析。在嵌入过程中返乡超龄农民工面临后顾之“忧”、认同之“困”、融入之“难”和创业之“艰”等多重困境,需从提升乡村养老保障水平,加速乡村社会生活便利化,加大乡土情感支持力度,完善创业扶持政策体系等路径出发予以纾解。

农民工返乡创业的“流”与“留”——基于推拉理论视角的阐述

农民工群体是返乡创业队伍中的重要组成部分,也是实现乡村振兴的重要人才保障。在乡村振兴战略的背景下,那些曾经外出务工的农民,一部分成为拥有一定资金、技术和资源的返乡创业人员,以一种“愿意返乡”的新姿态出现。农民工返乡创业作为一种人口流动形式,也遵循着人口流动理论中的推拉原则。国家政策的利好、创业环境宽松、乡愁与乡情的拉力吸引着农民工返乡,而创业发展潜力不足、风险较大、农村空心化等推力则阻碍着农民工返乡创业的步伐。要想促进更多的农民工返乡创业,完善农民工创业路径,就必须在原有拉力基础上进一步丰富农村地区的拉力源,同时减缓农村地区的各种推力,并努力提升创业者自身的整体素质和能力。

基于PMC指数模型的农民工返乡创业政策量化评价

农民工返乡创业对于推进乡村振兴,实现共同富裕具有重要意义。结合农民工返乡创业政策文本特点以及文本高频词,采用PMC指数模型,构建包括10个一级指标、38个二级指标的农民工返乡创业政策评价指标体系,对农民工返乡创业政策进行量化评价,并绘制PMC曲线图。研究发现,农民工返乡创业政策样本总体得分优秀,设计较为科学合理,其中2份为完美政策,7份为优秀政策,1份为可接受政策,但政策时效、激励措施还有待完善。