The Possible Involvement of Apoptotic Decay of Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase-Positive Lymphocytes in the Reutilization of the Extracellular DNA Fragments by Surrounding Living Cells

The migrating TdT+ thymocytes can die in other tissues, promoting the surrounding cells’ renewing likes holocrine secretion does. To clarify the role of TdT-enzyme for this function of progenitor lymphocytes, their extracellular media with its components included by living cells analyzed in vitro before and after in vivo irradiation of donor rats. The nucleoid with DNase-sensitive (free) DNA and TdT activity discovered in extracellular media conditioned preliminary by spontaneous apoptotic death of a minor part of the thymocyte’s suspension in vitro. The penetration of labeled products of non-template synthesis with free DNA’ primers from media into cells by pinocytosis confirmed by exogenous polymeric DNA marked artificially. The DNA penetration into cells follows an increase of the cell’s viability and acceleration of spontaneous intracellular DNA-synthesis controlled with labeled thymidine uptake. Both phenomena are typical for either the lowest initial concentration of intact cells or their preliminary irradiation in vivo. The data point to possible involvement of apoptotic decay of TdT+ cells in the reutilization of the extracellular DNA fragments for reparation/regeneration of surrounding living cells.

Study on the Reutilization of River Sediment

Main components and properties of river sediment are introduced. Secondary pollution of river sediments to the water quality of the river is clarified. The methods of the reutilization of river sediment are elucidated.

Waste to treasure:Reutilization of fluid catalytic cracking coke block as photothermal conversion material for water evaporation

This study aims to analyze the coking process and propose an effective method for the reutilization of fluid catalytic cracking(FCC)coke block.Herein,we analyzed the basic characteristics and chemical composition of FCC coke blocks.The results showed that the main components were carbon,oxygen,and aluminum,accounting for 60.8%,26.6%,and 11.5%,respectively.Under the conventional catalytic cracking reaction temperature from 500°C to 600°C,the formation of the first aromatic hydrocarbon was particularly important for the formation of coke.The condensation of oil-gas-entrained catalyst particles and their heavy components was the physical cause of coking,while the dehydrogenation condensation reaction of oil-gas heavy components was the chemical factor.In addition,the membrane prepared by powdered coke had excellent photothermal conversion ability,which could be heated to more than 110°C within 360 s under two fixed light intensities.The evaporation rate of photothermal water was 5.89 kg m 2 h−1,which has great industrial application potential.These works provide a novel and effective method of separation membrane for the reutilization of FCC coke blocks.

A self-healing strategy with fault-cell reutilization of bio-inspired hardware

The self-healing strategy is a key component in designing the bio-inspired embryonics circuit with the structure of cell arrays. However, the existing self-healing strategies of embryonics circuits mainly focus on permanent faults inside the modules of cells such as the function module and the configuration register, while little attention is paid to transient faults. From the point of view of obtaining high efficiency of hardware utilization, it would be a huge waste of hardware resources by permanent elimination when a cell only suffers a transient fault which can be repaired by a configuration mechanism. A new self-healing strategy, the Fault-Cell Reutilization Self-healing Strategy(FCRSS) which presents a method for reusing transient fault cells, is proposed in this paper. The circuit structures of all the modules in the cells are described in detail. In the new strategy, two processes of elimination and reconfiguration are combined. Within the process of fault-cell elimination, cells with transient faults in the embryonics circuit array could be reused simultaneously to replace the functions of the cells on their left side in the same row. Therefore, transient fault-cells in a transparent state can be reconfigured to realize the fault-cell reutilization. Finally,a circuit simulation, resource consumption, a reliability analysis and a detailed normalization analysis are presented. The FCRSS can improve the hardware utilization rate and system reliability at the expense of a small amount of hardware resources and reconfiguration time. Following the conclusion, the method of determining the optimal self-healing strategy is presented according to the environmental conditions.

Waste Textile Reutilization Via a Scalable Dyeing Technology: A Strategy to Enhance Dyestuffs Degradation Efficiency

The rapid expansion of the fast fashion industry brings about environmental concerns such as dyestuffs-related water pollutions and waste textiles.Conventional wastewater-disposal strategies emphasize the optimization of photocatalytic activity to improve pollutant degradation efficiency,while the absorptivity,recyclability and sustainability of photocatalysts are always ignored.The overproduced textiles are still in urgent of being recycled and reutilized in eco-friendly approaches.In this work,a scalable dyeing technology is employed to achieve green and sustainable reutilization of waste textiles.The functionalized TiO2/reduced graphene oxide wool fabrics show excellent sustainability,remarkable adsorbing capacity and enhanced photocatalytic performance.By taking advantage of these properties,we develop an integrated strategy of nighttime adsorption and day-time photodegradation which could significantly optimize the dyestuffs degradation efficiency.The concept of waste textiles reutilization and wastewater treatment in this work provides practical potential for efficient and sustainable environmental remediation.

A Model for Regional Energy Utilization by Offline Heat Transport System and Distributed Energy Systems—Case Study in a Smart Community, Japan

Under the Kyoto Protocol,Japanwas supposed to reduce six percent of the green house gas (GHG) emission in 2012. However, until the year 2010, the statistics suggested that the GHG emission increased 4.2%. What is more challenge is, afterFukushimacrisis, without the nuclear energy,Japanmay produce about 15 percent more GHG emissions than1990 inthis fiscal year. It still has to struggle to meet the target set by Kyoto Protocol. The demonstration area of “smart community” suggests Japanese exploration for new low carbon strategies. The study proposed a demand side response energy system, a dynamic tree-like hierarchical model for smart community. The model not only conveyed the concept of smart grid, but also built up a smart heat energy supply chain by offline heat transport system. Further, this model promoted a collaborative energy utilization mode between the industrial sector and the civil sector. In addition, the research chose the smart community inKitakyushuas case study and executed the model. The simulation and the analysis of the model not only evaluate the environmental effect of different technologies but also suggest that the smart community inJapanhas the potential but not easy to achieve the target, cut down 50% of the CO2 emission.

Separation of Kaolinite from Ion-Adsorption Rare Earth Tailings in Southern China and Iron Removal Treatment

Several hundred million tons of ion-adsorption rare earth tailings exist in Ganzhou, Southern China, which is a severe environmental hazard. To reduce and reutilize the tailing, kaolinite has been separated from the tailings by mechanical separation in laboratory scale and pilot scale. The results show that the tailing is mainly composed of fine kaolinite and coarse quart. Quartz and kaolinite can be separated by sieves, shaker, spiral chute or hydrocyclone, which has the similar results in laboratory scale and pilot scale. 30.2% of the tailings can be re-sourced and applied in ceramic industries. 41.7% of kaolinite can be obtained after sorting and iron removal by magnetic separator in pilot scale, which can be applied in ceramic industries according to the Chinese national standard (TC-3). The results give a progressive solution to re-source the tailings economically.

Integration of hemicellulose recovery and cold caustic extraction in upgrading a paper-grade bleached kraft pulp to a dissolving grade

In this study,a hemicellulose recovery process was integrated with a cold caustic extraction(CCE)process in upgrading paper-grade bleached kraft pulp to dissolving grade.Under the conditions of 15%NaOH,10%pulp consistency,30℃and 1 h,a paper-grade softwood bleached kraft pulp was purified to a dissolving-grade pulp with 97.57%α-cellulose and 1.67%pentosan contents.The spent liquor from the cold caustic extraction process was sequentially extracted with ethanol to precipitate and recover the dissolved hemicelluloses,followed by evaporation to recover the ethanol.After the recovery of hemicelluloses and ethanol,the spent liquor can be reused as the caustic solution for the CCE process without compromising the resulting pulp properties.The results demonstrated that it is feasible to integrate hemicellulose production with the cold caustic extraction process of dissolving pulp production,based on the concept of biorefinery.